Imaging Transparent Objects in a Turbid Medium Using a Femtosecond Optical Kerr Gate

A femtosecond optical Kerr gate time-gated ballistic imaging method is demonstrated to image a transparent object in a turbid medium. The shape features of the object are obtained by time-resolved selection of the ballistic photons with different optical path lengths, the thickness distribution of the object is mapped, and the maximum is less than 3.6%. This time-resolved ballistic imaging has potential applications in studying properties of the liquid core in the near field of the fuel spray.

Nonreciprocal transmission of electromagnetic waves by three-layer magneto-optical mediums

We investigate the non-reciprocal transmission properties of a three-layer structure filled with magneto–optical medium and normal medium. Based on the transfer matrix method, we deduce the total transmission coefficient for a one-dimensional(1 D) structure with anisotropic mediums. When two-side layers with magneto–optical medium loaded in opposite external magnetic field, the time-reversal symmetry of transmission properties will be broken. Our numerical results show that the non-reciprocal transmission properties are influenced by external magnetic fields, incident angle, and thickness of the normal medium layer. Since the non-reciprocal properties can be easily realized and adjusted by the simple structure, such a design has potential applications in integrated circulators and isolators.

Optical bistability induced by quantum coherence in a negative index atomic medium

Bistability behaviors in an optical ring cavity filled with a dense V-type four-level atomic medium are theoretically investigated. It is found that the optical bistability can appear in the negative refraction frequency band, while both the bistability and multi-stability can occur in the positive refraction frequency bands. Therefore, optical bistability can be realized from conventional material to negative index material due to quantum coherence in our scheme.

Modelling of Energy Storage Photonic Medium by Wavelength-Based Multivariable Second-Order Differential Equation

Wavelength-dependent mathematical modelling of the differential energy change of a photon has been performed inside a proposed hypothetical optical medium.The existence of this medium demands certain mathematical constraints,which have been derived in detail.Using reverse modelling,a medium satisfying the derived conditions is proven to store energy as the photon propagates from the entry to exit point.A single photon with a given intensity is considered in the analysis and hypothesized to possess a definite non-zero probability of maintaining its energy and velocity functions analytic inside the proposed optical medium,despite scattering,absorption,fluorescence,heat generation,and other nonlinear mechanisms.The energy and velocity functions are thus singly and doubly differentiable with respect to wavelength.The solution of the resulting second-order differential equation in two variables proves that energy storage or energy flotation occurs inside a medium with a refractive index satisfying the described mathematical constraints.The minimum-value-normalized refractive index profiles of the modelled optical medium for transformed wavelengths both inside the medium and for vacuum have been derived.Mathematical proofs,design equations,and detailed numerical analyses are presented in the paper.

Fidelity of quantum information for V-type three-level atom interacting with a number state light field in Kerr medium

In this paper the evolution characteristics of the fidelity of quantum information for the V-type three-level atom interacting with number state light field in Kerr meddium are investigated. It shows that the periodicity of the evolutions of fidelity of quantum information is influenced by the Kerr coefficient, the photon number of the initial field and intensity of light. The evolutions of the fidelity of quantum information are modulated by the initial number state field. The Rabi oscillation frequency and the modulation frequency of fidelity for the field and the system vary with the value of the Kerr coefficient. The evolutions of fidelity of quantum information obviously show the quantum collapse and revival behaviours in the system of atom interacting with light field.

Transformation optics for efficient calculation of transmembrane voltage induced on cells

We present a novel efficient approach in calculating induced transmembrane voltage（ITV） on cells based on transformation optics. As cell membrane is much thinner than the dimension of a typical cell, discretizing the membrane needs numerous meshes. Using an anisotropic medium based on transformation optics, the thickness of the membrane can be exaggerated by at least one order, which eliminates rigorous mesh refinement and reduces unknowns greatly. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are verified by a cylindrical cell model. Moreover, the influence on ITV with bound water（BW） layers is also studied. The results show that when cells are exposed to nanosecond electric field, BW layers should be rigorously considered in calculating ITV.

MICROSTRUCTURES AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Te_（81）Ge_（15）Sb_4 THIN FILMS USED FOR PHASE CHANGE RECORDING MATERIALS

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Dynamics of Entanglement in the Cavity with Nonlinear Medium

We investigate the evolution of initial entangled two-atom in cavity with single-mode light field. Using the method of negative eigenvalue of partially transposed matrix we analysis the evolution of the entanglement of the two-atom in a field of number state and Kerr-media environment and find that entanglement sudden death phenomenon occurs in the number of particles field. When the atoms interact with the Kerr medium, we obtain that the phenomenon of sudden death can be eliminated in the particle-number field, and the entanglement of two-atom oscillates around a high-value.

Can the Abraham Light Momentum and Energy in a Medium Constitute a Lorentz Four-Vector?

By analyzing the Einstein-box thought experiment with the principle of relativity, it is shown that Abraham’s light momentum and energy in a medium cannot constitute a Lorentz four-vector, and they consequentially break global momentum and energy conservation laws. In contrast, Minkowski’s momentum and energy always constitute a Lorentz four-vector no matter whether in a medium or in vacuum, and the Minkowski’s momentum is the unique correct light momentum. A momentum-associated photon mass in a medium is exposed, which explains why only the Abraham’s momentum is derived in the traditional “center-of-mass-energy” approach. The EM boundary-condition matching approach, combined with Einstein light-quantum hypothesis, is proposed to analyze this thought experiment, and it is found for the first time that only from Maxwell equations without resort to the relativity, the correctness of light momentum definitions cannot be identified. Optical pulling effect is studied as well.

Developing an Advanced Prototype of the Acousto-Optical Radio-Wave Spectrometer for Studying Star Formation in the Milky Way

The designed practically prototype of an advanced acousto-optical radio-wave spectrometer is presented in a view of its application to investigating the Milky Way star formation problems. The potential areas for observations of the cold interstellar medium, wherein such a spectrometer can be exploited successfully at different approximations, are: 1) comparison of the Milky Way case with extragalactic ones at scale of the complete galactic disk;2) global studies of the Galactic spiral arms;and 3) characterization of specific regions like molecular clouds or star clusters. These aspects allow us to suggest that similar instrument will be really useful. The developed prototype of spectrometer is able to realize multi-channel wideband parallel spectrum analysis of very-high-frequency radio-wave signals with an improved resolution power exceeding 103. It includes the 1D-acousto-optic wide-aperture cell as the input device for real-time scale data processing. Here, the current state of developing this acousto-optical spectrometer in frames of the astrophysical instrumentation is briefly discussed, and the data obtained experimentally with a tellurium dioxide crystalline acousto-optical cell are presented. Then, we describe a new technique for more precise spectrum analysis within an algorithm of the collinear wave heterodyning. It implies a two-stage integrated processing, namely, the wave heterodyning of a signal in an acoustically square-law nonlinear medium and then the optical processing in the same solid-state cell. Technical advantage of this approach lies in providing a direct multi-channel parallel processing of ultra-high-frequency radio-wave signals with the resolution power exceeding 104. This algorithm can be realized on a basis of exploiting a large-aperture effective acousto-optical cell, which operates in the Bragg regime and performs the ultra-high-frequency co-directional collinear acoustic wave heterodyning. The general concept and basic conclusions here are confirmed by proof-of-principle experiments with the specially designed cell of a new type based on a lead molybdate crystal.

基于声学-光学体制的水-空跨介质通信算法

为实现水-空跨介质上行无线通信,文中在激光干涉检测水下声信号的基础上,通过仿真计算获得了不同水深下到水平面的声信号衰减曲线,以及不同水声功率频率信号引起的水面微振动曲线;建立了水下声源特征与水表面扰动之间的定量关系;设计了跨介质通信的码元,并对多种解调方式进行了比较,分析了各个参数变化对传输过程误码率的影响,实现了声学-激光通信的调制与解调仿真。

宽温度范围内折衍混合中波红外消热差光学系统设计

在军事领域应用的红外光学系统,有时需在近200℃的宽温度范围内工作。这一温度范围内,红外光学材料可选的种类进一步减少,系统的热离焦现象也会更为严重,进而导致光学系统难以完成良好的无热化设计。为应对这一挑战,该研究将具有独特消热差和消色差特性的衍射元件加入光学系统设计中,并提出了一种针对二次成像系统的材料选择方法。此方法以理想光学系统为基础,利用等效透镜理论将光学系统中的物镜组和中继镜组均等效成由两个单透镜组成的镜组,进而利用T-C图完成对这两个镜组的材料优选。经过深入的分析与评价,最终确定物镜组采用IRG24和ZnS材料组合为最优方案,而中继镜组的最佳材料组合为IRG22和IRG24。依据此种材料组合和理想光学系统的光焦度分配,该研究设计完成了一套中波红外光学系统。该系统的工作波长为3.7~4.8μm,视场角为10°×8°,F数为2,焦距为55 mm,系统总长约为115 mm,冷阑效率达到100%。在20~220℃范围内,全视场的调制传递函数(MTF)均接近衍射极限,维持了良好的成像性能。

红外与可见光双模导引头光学系统设计

为了提升导弹在复杂环境下的寻的制导能力,设计了一种红外与可见光双模式导引头光学系统。该方案中采用分光镜透射红外光反射可见光,使结构布局更加紧凑,实现红外与可见光共口径,同时配合红外材料选取,实现光学被动消热差设计。中红外模式视场角3°×2.3°,可见光模式视场角5°×4°,工作温度20℃条件下,双模式在截止频率处,MTF(Modulation Transfer Function)值均大于0.4。红外与可见光双模式光学系统适合应用于复杂环境的导弹制导,对温度有良好的适应性,具有较好的成像质量,满足系统的性能要求。

水介质中DASA的研究进展

从分子笼封装、分子结构修饰以及超分子自组装3个方面综述了水介质中实现DASA分子光开关的研究进展,为其开发和应用提供参考。

应用于高密度多层光存储的聚合物基存储介质

飞秒微爆多层光存储是一种新型光存储技术,它通过在介质内部记录多层数据,成倍地扩充了光盘容量极限,有望解决传统光盘容量过低的问题。但由于飞秒微爆多层光存储信息记录过程受到多种材料因素的共同影响,导致长期缺乏介质材料选择的理论依据。文中选择误码率作为光存储性能的关键指标,测试对比了不同光学树脂的光存储性能。采用相关系数量化了材料的力学性质、热性质、光学性质、介电常数和高分子链结构与光存储性能之间的依赖关系,从而揭示出光学树脂的高分子链结构才是影响光存储性能的决定性影响因素。基于此发现,在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯材料中实现了60层高密度多层光存储信息读写测试,容量密度达到1600 Gbits/cm^(3)。

基于手征原子媒质的光学时域隐身调控

基于五能级结构手征原子媒质,对光学时域隐身在外场调控下的实现进行了研究。在该五能级手征原子系统下,推导了原子媒质与光场参数相关的等效电磁响应参数的广义表达式,进而根据群折射率计算输出光脉冲。数值计算了五能级原子系统的外场以及原子媒质相关参数对隐身时域窗口大小以及形成时域窗口的光脉冲强度的影响。结果表明,时域窗口大小随控制场Rabi频率改变但基本不依赖于控制场的相位变化;两个耦合场相位在一个周期内的变化对左右旋圆极化输出波特性影响相反;两个耦合场中,当其中一个耦合场的Rabi频率减小时,对应时域窗口增大,但同时也会使形成窗口的脉冲强度减弱,而另一个耦合场Rabi频率则对时域窗口的大小影响较小。因此改变控制场和两个耦合场的强度、相位和失谐等参量可有效地调控输出脉冲的加速和延迟,产生显著的隐身时域窗口,提供了一种可操控的光学时域隐身的方案。

点间隧穿耦合对四能级三量子点电磁感应透明介质孤子动力学的影响

利用概率幅变分近似结合多重尺度法,研究了探测光在两边产生点间隧道耦合的非对称阵列型三量子点电磁诱导透明介质的传播性质.结果表明,由于系统的色散效应和点间隧穿耦合产生的非线性效应相平衡,系统能形成稳定传播的超低速时间光孤子.有趣的是,仅开启一边的点间隧穿耦合(即另一边关闭),随着点间隧穿耦合强度的增加,光孤子的速度呈现出先增大后减小的变化趋势,但光孤子的幅度却一直增大.两边两个点间隧穿耦合强度均开启后,随着点间隧穿强度逐渐的增大,光孤子的幅度随着点间隧穿强度的增大会出现逐渐减小,直到出现一个拐点后才迅速增大;而光孤子的速度相比较于单个隧穿强度的影响会明显降低,且出现停滞的现象.这些结果不但揭示出点间隧道耦合对三量子点电磁感应透明介质光孤子的动力学有着重要影响,而且还预言在半导体量子点器件中可利用点间隧道耦合调节其光孤子传输的幅度.

高分辨率探测器短中波红外滤光片的设计及其光谱特性研究

短中波红外滤光片是航天光学遥感相机上的关键器件之一。高分辨率探测器的光谱响应由滤光片的光谱特性决定,其中短中波红外占有很大比重,传统方式制备的短中波红外滤光片与理论值存在差距,使得短中波红外滤光片发生光谱角漂或温漂等现象,在高分辨率探测器中形成高频和低频光谱混合叠加导致复原光谱失真。本文提出了一种高透过率低漂移高分辨率探测器短中波红外滤光片的设计及研制方法。为了达到短中波红外滤光片特定波长滤光特性的要求(在3.5~4.1μm波段范围内实现98%以上透过率,在2.4~3.35μm、4.25~6.4μm两个波段范围内实现截止),以Si材料为滤光片的基底材料,采用模拟染色体遗传交叉算法以带通滤光高低反射率膜堆结构进行了结构迭代设计,薄膜的高折射率材料采用TiO_(2),低折射率材料采用SiO_(2),该结构设计使得膜层数量大为减少,通过温漂测试、角漂测试、光谱特性分析及面形测试,短中波红外滤光片达到了前后双波段截止、高通带透过率的目标。环境测试试验表明,短中波红外滤光片膜层与基底材料匹配性适宜、膜层稳定性较高,适用于空间严酷的温度变化、高能粒子辐照环境。

针对光储并网的中低压配电网分层优化控制策略

为解决大规模分布式能源并网导致配电网运行产生波动,以及传统配电网中低压层的控制策略相互独立,仅依靠配电网功率信息实现单层控制,其电压控制效果已经逐渐不能满足负荷侧需求的问题,通过分别建立配电网中压层集中式控制模型,低压层分布式控制模型,提出中压层集中式-低压层分布式的分层协调控制的方法,研究如何提升含大比例光伏及储能系统接入的配电网的稳定性,优化控制策略。结果表明:通过二阶锥优化算法与CPLEX求解器运算,得出调控指令并传递至相应节点,通过能量流、信息流、控制流的多流联合作用实现优化控制,实现减少线路损耗,提升配电网稳定性的优化目标。可见中压层集中式-低压层分布式的分层协调控制策略的有效性。

无规则非均匀折射率场描述

在大气或流动介质中的折射率分布是无规则非均匀的,由于流动和温度变化的影响,无法用通常的梯度折射率公式来描述。提出采用自适应网格方法来描述无规则非均匀折射率场,将数据以动态八叉树结构存放在内存中,给出了网格划分的折射率判据和折射率梯度判据,并采用插值法来计算光线传播路径上的折射率和折射率梯度。以一种可以用公式描述的梯度折射率棒为例,在折射率阈值为0.005、折射率梯度阈值为0.0005的条件下,建立了自适应网格并求出了一些位置处的折射率及其梯度,计算结果的均方根误差小于7×10-5,可以用于光线追迹。