Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness distribution in Chinese with myopia measured by 3D-optical coherence tomography

AIMTo assess the effect of myopia on the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) measured by 3D optical coherence tomography (3D-OCT) in a group of nonglaucomatous Chinese subjects.

Diagnostic capability of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer parameters in time-domain versus spectral-domain optical coherence tomography for assessing glaucoma in high myopia

AIM： To evaluate and compare the diagnostic capabilities of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer（p-RNFL） parameters of Spectralis optical coherence tomography（OCT） versus Stratus OCT to detect glaucoma in patients with high myopia. METHODS： This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study. Sixty highly myopic eyes of 60 patients were enrolled, with 30 eyes in the glaucoma group and 30 eyes in the control group. All eyes received peripapillary imaging of the optic disc using Stratus and Spectralis OCT. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve（AUROC） and the sensitivity at specificity of 〉80% and 〉95% for p-RNFL parameters obtained using the two devices to diagnose glaucoma were analysed and compared. RESULTS： In Spectralis OCT, p-RNFL thickness parameters with the largest AUROC were the temporal-inferior sector（0.974） and the inferior quadrant（0.951）, whereas in Stratus OCT, the best parameters were the 7-o＇clock sector（0.918） and the inferior quadrant（0.918）. Compared to the Stratus OCT parameters, the Spectralis OCT parameters demonstrated generally higher AUROC; however, the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION： The best p-RNFL parameters for diagnosing glaucoma in patients with high myopia were the temporal-inferior sector on Spectralis OCT and the 7-o＇clock sector on Stratus OCT. There were no significant differences between the AUROCs for Spectralis OCT and Stratus OCT, which suggest that the glaucoma diagnostic capabilities of these two devices in patients with high myopia are similar.

Analysis of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and inner macular layers by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography for detection of early glaucoma

AIM： To analyze the diagnostic capabilities of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer（p RNFL） thickness and segmented inner macular layer（IML） thickness measured by spectraldomain optical coherence tomography for detection of early glaucoma. METHODS： Fifty-three patients with primary open angle glaucoma（POAG）, 60 patients with normal tension glaucoma（NTG） and 32 normal control subjects were enrolled. Thicknesses of p RNFL, total macular layers（TML）, and the IML, including macular RNFL（m RNFL） and macular ganglion cell layer（m GCL） were assessed. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves（AROC） were calculated to compare the diagnostic power of different parameters. RESULTS： There were no differences in the parameters of p RNFL, TML, and IML between POAG and NTG groups. The thicknesses of superior and inferior m GCL showed significant correlation with mean deviation of visual field（R2=0.071, P=0.004; R2=0.08, P=0.002）. The m GCL thickness significantly correlated with the p RNFL thickness in the superior and inferior quadrants（R2=0.156, P〈0.001; R2=0.407, P〈0.001）. The thickness of the inferior-outer sector of macula had greater AROCs than those in the inferior-inner sector of macula. The AROCs for superior（0.894） and inferior（0.879） p RNFL thicknesses were similar with the AROCs for superior（0.839） and inferior m GCL（0.864） thicknesses. Sensitivities at 80% specificity for global p RNFL, inferior-outer m GCL and inferior-outer m RNFL thicknesses were 0.938, 0.867, and 0.725, respectively. CONCLUSION： The diagnostic capability of the m GCL thickness is comparable to that of the p RNFL thickness in patients with early glaucoma. The inferior-outer sector of IML has a better diagnostic capability than the inferiorinner sector of IML for detection of early glaucoma.

Comparison of the Diagnostic Ability of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Measured using Time Domain and Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

Purpose:To evaluate and compare the diagnostic ability of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements using time domain (Stratus) and spectral domain (Cirrus HD) optical coherence tomography(OCT).in preperimetric and early primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods:A total of 62 eyes from 62 normal subjects,47 eyes from 47 early perimetric damage POAG patients and 30 eyes from 30 preperimetric glaucoma patients were chosen in the study.All the subjects underwent peripapillary RNFL thickness measurements using Stratus OCT and Cirrus HD-OCT on the same day by a single trained operator.The RNFL thickness measured by Stratus OCT and Cirrus HD-OCT was statistically compared using paired t-tests.The relationship between RNFL thickness measured by two OCT instruments was evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient.Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AROC) were calculated and compared. Results:RNFL thickness measured using Stratus OCT was generally thicker than that using Cirrus HD-OCT(P<0.05). A highly significant correlation between the two OCT instruments measurements was found in four quadrants and average RNFL thickness measurements (P<0.001). The average RNFL thickness of Cirrus HD-OCT had significantly(P=0.006) higher diagnostic ability (AROC=0.951) than that of Stratus OCT(AROC=0.881) in preperimetric glaucoma. There were no significant differences between the AROCs for other RNFL thickness parameters from Cirrus HD-OCT and Stratus OCT in preperimetric and early glaucoma(P>0.05). Conclusion: Significant differences and an excellent correlation were noted in terms of RNFL thickness measurements using Stratus OCT and Cirrus HD-OCT. Cirrus HD-OCT presented higher diagnostic ability for preperimetric glaucoma.

The correlation between rat retinal nerve fiber layer thickness around optic disc by using optical coherence tomography and histological measurements

·AIM: To explore the correlation between the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness by using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and by histological measurements in normal adult rats and optic nerve transected rats. · METHODS: The RNFL thickness of 36 rats was scanned in a circle 3.46mm far from the optic disc by OCT. The two experimental groups were the normal group ( =20 rats) and the optic nerve transected group ( =16 rats). The latter group included 4 groups ( =4 /group) surviving for 1 day, 3, 5 and 7 days. Then the RNFL thickness of the same retina area was also measured by NF -200 immunohistochemical staining method. Linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between the data obtained from these two methods. ·RESULTS: The RNFL thickness of normal right eyes around optic disc by OCT was 72.35 ±5.71μm and that of the left eyes was 72.65 ±5.88μm ( =0.074). The RNFL thickness of the corresponding histological section by immunohistochemistry was 37.54 ±4.05μm (right eyes) and 37.38 ±4.23μm (left eyes) ( =0.059). There was a good correlation between the RNFL thickness measured by OCT and that measured by histology (R 2 =0.8131). After optic nerve transection, the trend of the RNFL thickness was thinner with the prolonged survival time. The correlation of the thickness detected by the above two methods was approximately (R 2 =0.8265). Value of the RNFL thickness in rats around optic disc measured by OCT was obviously higher than that measured by common histological measurement in normal adult rats and optic nerve transected rats. ·CONCLUSION: The RNFL thickness measured by OCT has a strong correlation with that measured by histological method. Through OCT scanning, we found that the thickness of RNFL gradually becomes thinner in a time-dependent manner.

Optical coherence tomography assessed retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with Alzheimer's disease:a meta-analysis

AIM:To investigate the difference of retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL) thickness between Alzheimer's disease patients and normal people,so as to provide clue for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.· METHODS:The articles on the association of RNFL thickness and Alzheimer's disease were retrieved by searching international and national databases.The qualified articles were assessed by meta analysis with Stata11.0 software.The results were pooled using weighted mean difference(WMD) with a corresponding 95% confidence interval(CI).· RESULTS:Totally 7 studies enrolled 324 eyes were included in the meta-analysis.The results of meta analysis showed that in AD patients,there was a significant average RNFL thickness reduction compared with the control group [WMD=-17.561,95%CI:(-23.971,-11.151)].There were significant differences in superior,inferior,nasal and temporal RNFL thickness between the two groups.WMD with a 95%CI were [-18.829,95%CI:(-25.915,-11.743);P<0.05],[-25.775,95%CI:(-34.304,-17.247);P <0.05],[-16.877,95%CI:(-29.141,-4.613);P<0.001] and [-14.565,95%CI:(-28.002,-1.128);P<0.001] respectively.Begg's test and Egger's test did not show significant difference,funnel plot was basically symmetrical,indicating that there was no publication bias existed.· CONCLUSION:There are significant differences in the RNFL thickness in all quadrants between the two groups.RNFL thickness is reduced in AD patients compared with the control group.·

Optical coherence tomography with or without enhanced depth imaging for peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and choroidal thickness

AIM：To assess peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer（RNFL）and choroidal thickness obtained with enhanced depth imaging（EDI）mode compared with those obtained without EDI mode using Heidelberg Spectralis optical coherence tomography（OCT）.METHODS：Fifty eyes of 25 normal healthy subjects and32 eyes of 20 patients with different eye diseases were included in the study.All subjects underwent 3.4 mm diameter peripapillary circular OCT scan centered on the optic disc using both the conventional and the EDI OCT protocols.The visualization of RNFL and choroidoscleral junction was assessed using an ordinal scoring scale.The paired t-test,intraclass correlation coefficient（ICC）,95%limits of agreement（LoA）,and Bland and Altman plots were used to test the agreement of measurements.RESULTS：The visibility score of RNFL obtained with and without EDI was of no significant difference（P=0.532）,the visualization of choroidoscleral junction was better using EDI protocol than conventional protocol（P〈0.001）.Peripapillary RNFL thickness obtained with EDI was slightly thicker than that obtained without EDI（103.25±9.42μm vs 101.87±8.78μm,P=0.010）.The ICC of the two protocols was excellent with the value of 0.867 to 0.924,the 95%LoA of global RNFL thickness was between-10.0 to 7.4μm.Peripapillary choroidal thickness obtained with EDI was slightly thinner than that obtained without EDI（147.23±51.04μm vs 150.90±51.84μm,P〈0.001）.The ICC was also excellent with the value of 0.960 to 0.987,the 95%LoA of global choroidal thickness was between-12.5 to 19.8μm.CONCLUSION：Peripapillary circular OCT scan with or without EDI mode shows comparable results in the measurement of peripapillary RNFL and choroidal thickness.

Optical coherence tomography evaluation of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and primary open angle glaucoma:a systematic review and Meta-analysis

AIM:To assess the differences in average and sectoral peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(p RNFL)thickness using spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic neuropathy(NAION)compared with those with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG).METHODS:A comprehensive literature search of the Pub Med,Cochrane Library,and Embase databases were performed prior to October,2021.Studies that compared the p RNFL thickness in NAION eyes with that in POAG eyes with matched mean deviation of the visual fields were included.The weighted mean difference(WMD)with 95%confidence interval(CI)was used to pool continuous outcomes.RESULTS:Ten cross-sectional studies(11 datasets)comprising a total of 625 eyes(278 NAION eyes,347 POAG eyes)were included in the qualitative and quantitative analyses.The pooled results demonstrated that the superior p RNFL was significantly thinner in NAION eyes than in POAG eyes(WMD=-6.40,95%CI:-12.22 to-0.58,P=0.031),whereas the inferior p RNFL was significant thinner in POAG eyes than in NAION eyes(WMD=11.10,95%CI:7.06 to 15.14,P≤0.001).No difference was noted concerning the average,nasal,and temporal p RNFL thickness(average:WMD=1.45,95%CI:-0.75 to 3.66,P=0.196;nasal:WMD=-2.12,95%CI:-4.43 to 0.19,P=0.072;temporal:WMD=-1.24,95%CI:-3.96 to 1.47,P=0.370).CONCLUSION:SD-OCT based evaluation of inferior and superior p RNFL thickness can be potentially utilized to differentiate NAION from POAG,and help to understand the different pathophysiological mechanisms between these two diseases.Further longitudinal studies and studies using eight-quadrant or clock-hour classification method are required to validate the obtained findings.

Influence of corneal power on circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and optic nerve head measurements by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

AIM：To evaluate the influence of corneal power on circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer（cp RNFL）and optic nerve head（ONH）measurements by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography（SD-OCT）.METHODS：Twenty-five eyes of 25 healthy participants（mean age 23.6±3.6y）were imaged by SD-OCT using horizontal raster scans.Disposable soft contact lenses of different powers（from-11 to＋5 diopters including 0diopter）were worn to induce 2-diopter changes in corneal power.Differences in the cp RNFL and ONH measurements per diopter of change in corneal power were analyzed.RESULTS：As corneal power increased by 1 diopter,total and quadrant cp RNFL thicknesses,except for the nasal sector,decreased by-0.19 to-0.32μm（P〈0.01）.Furthermore,the disc,cup,and rim areas decreased by-0.017,-0.007,and-0.015 mm2,respectively（P〈0.001）;the cup and rim volumes decreased by-0.0013 and-0.006 mm3,respectively（P〈0.01）;and the vertical and horizontal disc diameters decreased by-0.006 and-0.007 mm,respectively（P〈0.001）.CONCLUSION：For more precise OCT imaging,the ocular magnification should be corrected by considering both the axial length and corneal power.However,the effect of corneal power changes on cp RNFL thickness and ONH topography are small when compare with those of the axial length.

Quantifying peripapillary vessel density and retinal nerve fibre layer in type 1 diabetic children without clinically detectable retinopathy using OCTA

AIM:To quantify changes in radial peripapillary capillary vessel density(ppVD)and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL)in children with type 1 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),providing a basis for early retinopathy in children with type 1 diabetes.METHODS:This was a retrospective study.A total of 30 patients(3–14y)with type 1 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy(NDR group)were included.A total of 30 age-matched healthy subjects were included as the normal control group(CON group).The HbA1c level in the last 3mo was measured once in the NDR group.The pRNFL thickness and ppVD were automatically measured,and the mean pRNFL and ppVD were calculated in the nasal,inferior,temporal,and superior quadrants.The changes in ppVD and pRNFL in the two groups were analyzed.RESULTS:Compared with CON group,the nasal and superior ppVDs decreased in the NDR group(all P<0.01).The thickness of the nasal pRNFL decreased significantly(P<0.01),while the inferior,temporal and superior pRNFLs slightly decreased but not significant in the NDR group(all P>0.05).Person and Spearman correlation analysis of ppVD and pRNFL thickness in each quadrant of the NDR group showed a positive correlation between nasal and superior(all P<0.01),while inferior and temporal had no significant correlation(all P>0.05).There was no significant correlation between the HbA1c level and ppVD and pRNFL in any quadrant(all P>0.05).There was no significant correlation between the course of diabetes mellitus and ppVD and pRNFL in any quadrant(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION:ppVD and pRNFL decrease in eyes of children with type 1 diabetes before clinically detectable retinopathy and OCTA is helpful for early monitoring.

Microperimetry and spectral domain optical coherence tomography in myelinated retinal nerve fibers

Dear Sir,I write to present the correlation between microperimetric （MP） values and the density of myelinated retinal nerve fibers （MNFs） in optical coherence tomography （OCT） imaging.

Comparison of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness between myopia severity groups and controls

AIM： To compare the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer（RNFL） thickness measured via optical coherence tomography（OCT） between different groups of myopia severity and controls. METHODS： This was a prospective cross-sectional study. All subjects underwent a full ophthalmic examination, refraction, visual field analysis and A-scan biometry. Myopic patients were classified as low myopia（LM） [spherical equivalent（SE） from greater than-0.5 D, up to-3.0 D], moderate myopia（MM; SE greater than-3.0 D, up to-6.0 D） and high myopia（HM; SE greater than-6.0 D）. The control group consisted of emmetropic（EM） patients（SE from ＋0.5 D to-0.5 D）. A Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT machine was used to measure the peripapillary RNFL thickness of both eyes of each subject. The mean peripapillary RNFL thickness between groups was compared using both analysis of variance and analysis of covariance.RESULTS： A total of 403 eyes of 403 subjects were included in this study. The mean age was 31.48±10.23 y. There were 180（44.7%） eyes with EM, 124（30.8%） with LM, 73（18.1%） with MM and 26（6.5%） with HM. All groups of myopia severity had a thinner average RNFL than the EM group, but after controlling for gender, age, and axial eye length, only the HM group differed significantly from the EM group（P=0.017）. Likewise, the superior, inferior and nasal RNFL was thinner in all myopia groups compared to controls, but after controlling for confounders, only the inferior quadrant RNFL was significantly thinner in the HM group, when compared to the EM group（P=0.017）. CONCLUSION： The average and inferior quadrant RNFL is thinner in highly myopic eyes compared to emmetropic eyes. Refractive status must be taken into consideration when interpreting the OCT of myopic patients, as RNFL thickness varies with the degree of myopia.

Retinal thickness and vascular parameters using optical coherence tomography in Alzheimer's disease:a meta-analysis

Examining the retinal tissue has the potential to provide a unique method and technique to quantify Alzheimer’s disease-related changes in participants at various stages of the disease.In this metaanalysis,we aimed to investigate the association of various optical coherence tomography parameters with Alzheimer’s disease and whether retinal measurements can be used to diffe rentiate between Alzheimer’s disease and control subjects.Scientific databases including Google Schola r,Web of Science,and PubMed were systematically searched for published articles that evaluated retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and retinal microvascular network in Alzheimer’s disease and control subjects.Seventy-three studies(5850 participants,including 2249 Alzheimer’s disease patients and 3601controls) were included in this meta-analysis.Relative to controls,Alzheimer’s disease patients had a significantly lower global retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(standardized mean difference [SMD]=-0.79,95% confidence intervals [CI]:-1.03 to-0.54,P <0.00001) as well as each quadrant being thinner in Alzheimer’s disease versus controls.Regarding macular paramete rs,values measured by optical coherence tomography were significantly lower in Alzheimer’s disease than controls for macular thickness(pooled SMD:-0.44,95% CI:-0.67 to-0.20,P=0.0003),foveal thickness(pooled SMD=-0.39,95% CI:-0.58 to-0.19,P <0.0001),ganglion cell inner plexiform layer(SMD=-1.26,95% CI:-2.24 to-0.27,P=0.01) and macular volume(pooled SMD=-0.41,95% CI-0.76 to-0.07,P=0.02).Analysis using optical coherence tomography angiography parameters revealed mixed results between Alzheimer’s disease and controls.Superficial vessel density(pooled SMD=-0.42,95% CI:-0.68 to-0.17,P=0.0001) and deep vessel density(pooled SMD=-0.46,95% CI:-0.75 to-0.18,P=0.001) were found to be thinner in Alzheimer’s disease patients whereas the foveal avascular zone(SMD=0.84,95% CI:0.17-1.51,P=0.01) was larger in controls.Vascular density and thickness of various retinal laye rs were decreased in Alzheimer’s disease patients compared to controls.Our results provide evidence for optical coherence tomography technology having the potential to detect retinal and microvascular changes in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and aid in monito ring and early diagnosis methods.

Value of optical coherence tomography measurement of macular thickness and optic disc parameters for glaucoma screening in patients with high myopia

BACKGROUND The basic method of glaucoma diagnosis is visual field examination,however,in patients with high myopia,the diagnosis of glaucoma is difficult.AIM To explore the value of optical coherence tomography(OCT)for measuring optic disc parameters and macular thickness as a screening tool for glaucoma in patients with high myopia.METHODS Visual values(contrast sensitivity,color vision,and best-corrected visual acuity)in three groups,patients with high myopia in Group A,patients with high myopia and glaucoma in Group B,and patients with high myopia suspicious for glaucoma in Group C,were compared.Optic disc parameters,retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness,and ganglion cell layer(GCC)thickness were measured using OCT technology and used to compare the peri-optic disc vascular density of the patients and generate receiver operator characteristic(ROC)test performance curves of the RNFL and GCC for high myopia and glaucoma.RESULTS Of a total of 98 patients admitted to our hospital from May 2018 to March 2022,totaling 196 eyes in the study,30 patients with 60 eyes were included in Group A,33 patients with 66 eyes were included in Group B,and 35 patients with 70 eyes were included in Group C.Data were processed for Groups A and B to analyze the efficacy of RNFL and GCC measures in distinguishing high myopia from high myopia with glaucoma.The area under the ROC curve was greater than 0.7,indicating an acceptable diagnostic value.CONCLUSION The value of OCT measurement of RNFL and GCC thickness in diagnosing glaucoma in patients with high myopia and suspected glaucoma is worthy of development for clinical use.

Bilateral retinal nerve fiber layer thickness reduction in a 9-year-old myopic boy suffering from unilateral optic neuritis:A case report

BACKGROUND In this paper,we present a 9-year-old boy who demonstrates a complex interplay between myopia progression,axial length(AL)extension,and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness loss in both eyes.Additionally,concurrent optic neuritis has directly impacted RNFL thickness in his right eye,and its potential indirect influence on RNFL and macular ganglion cell layer(mGCL)thickness in his left eye is also noteworthy.CASE SUMMARY A 9-year-old boy with bilateral myopia presented with diminished vision and pain in his right eye due to optic neuritis,while his left eye showed pseudopapilledema.Steroid therapy improved his vision in the right eye,and 16-mo follow-up revealed recovery without recurrence despite myopia progression.Follow-up optical coherence tomography conducted 16 mo later revealed a notable thinning of the RNFL in both eyes,especially along with a reduction in mGCL thickness in the left eye.This intricate interaction between optic neuritis,myopia,and retinal changes underscores the need for comprehensive management,highlighting potential long-term visual implications in young patients.CONCLUSION The progression of myopia and AL extension led to the loss of RNFL thickness in both eyes in a 9-year-old boy.Concurrently,optic neuritis directly affected RNFL thickness in his right eye and may indirectly play a role in the thickness of RNFL and mGCL in his left eye.

Macular and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia

AIM:To compare the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and macular thickness in the amblyopic eye with that in the sound eye of children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS:A prospective, nonrandom, intraindividual comparative cohort study includes 72 children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia in a single center. Macular thickness, macular foveola thickness, and peripapillary RNFL thickness were compared between the amblyopia eyes and the contralateral sound eyes. ·RESULTS:There were 38 male and 34 female patients, with a mean age as 9.7 ±1.9 years (range, 5-16 years). Hyperopic was +3.62±1.16D (range +2.00D to +6.50D) in the amblyopic eyes, which was significantly higher in the control eyes with +0.76±0.90D (range 0D to +2.00D) (P 【 0.01). The mean peripapillary RNFL thickness was 113.9± 7.2μm and 109.2 ±6.9μm in the amblyopic eye and the normal eye, respectively, reaching statistical significance (P = 0.02). The mean macular foveola thickness was significantly thicker in the amblyopic eyes than the contralateral sound eyes (181.4±14.2μm vs 175.2±13.3μm, P 【0.01), but the 1mm, 3mm or 6mm macular thickness central macular thickness was not significantly different. Degree of anisometropia in the contralateral eyes was not significantly correlated with differences of peripapillary RNFL, macular foveola thickness or central macular thickness. CONCLUSION:Eyes with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia are found thicker macular foveola and peripapillary RNFL than the contralateral eyes in children.

Effect of suction on macular thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness during LASIK used femtosecond laser and Moria M2 microkeratome

·AIM: To compare the effect of suction on the macular thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL) thickness during laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK) used Ziemer FEMTO LDV femtosecond laser(Ziemer group) and Moria M2 automated microkeratome(Moria group) for flap creation.· METHODS: Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography(FD-OCT) was used to measure macular thickness, ganglion cell complex thickness and RNFL thickness of 204 eyes of 102 patients with the Ziemer femtosecond laser(102 eyes) and the Moria M2microkeratome(102 eyes) before surgery and 30min; 1,3d; 1wk; 1, 3mo; 1y after surgery.· RESULTS: The average foveal thickness and parafoveal retinal thickness 30 min after the surgery were statistically more than that before surgery(Ziemer P 【0.001,P =0.003 and Moria P=0.001, P=0.006) and the effect was less in the Ziemer group than that in the Moria group(P all 【0.05). The ganglion cell complex thickness was not significantly changed in both groups(P all 】0.05). The RNFL thickness was statistically less 30 min after surgery in both groups(P=0.014, P 【0.001), but the influence was less in Ziemer group than that in Moria group(P =0.038).However, the RNFL thickness had recovered to the preoperative level only 1d after surgery.·CONCLUSION: The suction of femtosecond laser and mechanical microkeratome led to the increase in macular central fovea thickness and the decrease in RNFL thickness values at the early stage after LASIK. The effect of suction on macular and the RNFL thicknesses in Ziemer group is smaller than that in Moria group.

Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness changes in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: one year follow-up results

·AIM: To investigate the retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness changes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) for one year follow-up. To discuss the possibility of detecting tendency of glaucoma in this population by using spectral domain optical coherence tomography(3D-OCT-2000 Spectral domain).·METHODS: After polysomnographic study, all subjects(64 OSAS patients and 40 controls) underwent detailed ophthalmological examination. After these examinations,patients with glaucoma and patients who had ophthalmological and/or systemic disease were excluded from the study.Totally, 20 patients in OSAS group and five patients in controls were excluded from the study in the first examination and follow-up period. The RNFL thickness was assessed with OCT. Forty-four OSAS patients and 35 control subjects were followed up for12 mo. RNFL thickness change and OSAS patients were evaluated for severity of disease by Apnea-Hypopnea Index(AHI).·RESULTS: Forty-four OSAS patients and 35 controls were enrolled in the study. Statistically significance was found between OSAS patients and controls at the 12 thmo.Average RNFL thickness was found to be significantly lower in last measurements in OSAS patients when compared with first measurements and control subjects(P 【0.001, 0.002, respectively). There was a statistically significant correlation among AHI, and RNFL thickness(P 【0.05).·CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the patients with OSAS were related with a proportional decrease in the RNFL thickness. These patients should be followed up regularly for glaucomatous changes. Detecting more RNFL thinning in severe OSAS was important.

Diurnal changes in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome

AIM： To compare the retinal nerve fiber layer （RNFL） thickness in the morning and evening in Thai patients with varying degrees of obstructive sleep apnea/ hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS）. METHODS： In this cross-sectional study, potential OSAHS patients at Siriraj Hospital underwent polysomnography to determine the severity of OSAHS and an eye examination （including best corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, and Goldmann applanation tonometry）. RNFL thickness was recorded once in the morning and once in the evening, using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Thickness was expressed as an average and given for each quadrant. Patients with ocular or systemic diseases that might affect RNFL thickness were excluded. RESULTS： Forty-one eyes of 41 patients were classified into 40SAHS groups. The average and mean RNFL thickness in most of the four quadrants of the severe OSAHS group trended toward being less than those in the comparable quadrants of the other groups in both the morning and evening. In the moderate OSAHS group, the average RNFL thickness and temporal and superior quadrant thickness in the morning were significantly higher than in the evening （P=0.01, P=0.01, and P=0.03, respectively）. In the severe OSAHS group, the inferior quadrant thickness in the morning was significantly higher than in the evening （P =0.03）. CONCLUSION： The RNFL thickness in the morning was higher than in the evening in moderate OSAHS.

Topographic distribution features of the choroidal and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in Chinese school-aged children

AIM:To explore the topographic distribution features of choroidal thickness(CT)and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT),and determine the relationship between CT and ocular parameters in school-aged children.METHODS:The healthy school-aged children with low ametropia or emmetropia in Wenzhou were recruited for this cross-sectional study.With high-density optical coherence tomography(HD-OCT)combined with MATLAB software,the CT and RNFLT values in the macular area were measured at different locations and compared.Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the correlation between CT and ophthalmic parameters,such as spherical equivalent(SE)and the axial length(AL).RESULTS:A total of 279 school-aged children with8.00±1.35 years of mean age(range,6-10 y)were included.The mean AL was 23.66±0.86 mm.The mean CT in CT-C(264.31±48.93μm)was thicker than that in CT-N1(249.54±50.52μm),and the average CT in the parafoveal region was also thicker than that in CT-N2(235.65±50.63μm).The subfoveal CT also varied substantially across refractive errors(P<0.001),and those with myopia(250.59±47.01μm)exhibited a thinner choroid compared with those with emmetropia(278.74±48.06μm).CT negatively correlated with AL(y=-21.72 x+779.17;R^2=0.1458),and positively correlated with SE(y=15.76 x+271.9;R^2=0.0727.OD;y=18.31 x+269.8;R^2=0.1007.OS).The average RNFLT was thickest in the peripapillary region(236.35±19.03μm),the mean RNFLT-S(131.10±15.16μm)was thicker than the RNFLT-I(128.20±16.59μm),and the mean RNFLT-T(76.54±11.99μm)was thicker than the RNFLT-N(64.28±8.55μm).The variations in the RNFLT between quadrants did differ between those with myopia and emmetropia(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:We establish demographic information for the choroid and RNFLT.These findings provide information that should be considered in future analyses of the CT and RNFLT in OCT studies in school-aged children.