As new generation mobile networks, 3G networks focus on data services and integrate voice, data and multimedia services. However, traditional Optical Transport Networks (OTNs) cannot meet the requirements of 3G networ...As new generation mobile networks, 3G networks focus on data services and integrate voice, data and multimedia services. However, traditional Optical Transport Networks (OTNs) cannot meet the requirements of 3G networks anymore, because of their complicated configuration, low bandwidth efficiency, high cost, and bad network and service scalability. The emerging of Multi-Service Transport Platform (MSTP), Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), and Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON) technologies for optical fiber communications makes up for these weaknesses. The leading solution to 3G access transport networks is the MSTP technology based on Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH), while that to 3G core transport network is ASON+WDM.展开更多
In this work, the effect of electrical discharge on nitrate concentration is considered in aqueous solution. The atmospheric pressure plasma was produced by a high-voltage power supply at 27 k Hz using pin-to-pin conf...In this work, the effect of electrical discharge on nitrate concentration is considered in aqueous solution. The atmospheric pressure plasma was produced by a high-voltage power supply at 27 k Hz using pin-to-pin configuration. Air, argon,and argon/methane mixture were used to study the working gas effect. UV-VIS spectroscopy and ion chromatography were used to analyze the effect of the electrical discharge on nitrate concentration in deionized water. Optical emission spectroscopy（OES） was applied to diagnose active species inside and on the surface of the deionized water solution. The results of the present work showed that the atmospheric pressure electric discharge with air increases nitrate concentration while it remains constant using argon and argon/methane electrical discharges. It was also revealed that in the presence of air, the electrical discharge reduces p H, acidifying the solution and increasing solution conductivity due to production of extra nitrate ions. On the other hand, argon electrical discharge increases p H and conductivity due to production of OHion in water.展开更多
In the field of maritime transport,motion and energy,the dynamics of deep-sea waves is one of the major problems in ocean science.A mathematical modeling of dynamics of solitary waves in deep sea under the two-layer s...In the field of maritime transport,motion and energy,the dynamics of deep-sea waves is one of the major problems in ocean science.A mathematical modeling of dynamics of solitary waves in deep sea under the two-layer stratification leads to NLS equation,and consequently,the interaction two of them can be formulated by coupled NLS equation.In this work,extended auxiliary equation and the exp(−ω(χ))-expansion methods are employed to make the optical solutions of the Manakov model of coupled NLS equation.The methods used in this paper,in addition to providing the analysis of individual wave solutions,also provide general optical solutions.Some previously known solutions can be obtained by some special selections of parameters obtained by solving systems of algebraic equations.At this stage,it is more practical and convenient to apply methods with a symbolic calculation system.展开更多
We present exact bright multi-soliton solutions of a generalized nonautonomous nonlinear Schroinger equation with time-and space-dependent distributed coefficients and an external potential which describes a pulse pro...We present exact bright multi-soliton solutions of a generalized nonautonomous nonlinear Schroinger equation with time-and space-dependent distributed coefficients and an external potential which describes a pulse propagating in nonlinear media when its transverse and longitudinal directions are nonuniformly distributed.Such solutions exist in certain constraint conditions on the coefficients depicting dispersion,nonlinearity,and gain（loss）.Various shapes of bright solitons and interesting interactions between two solitons are observed.Physical applications of interest to the field and stability of the solitons are discussed.展开更多
文摘As new generation mobile networks, 3G networks focus on data services and integrate voice, data and multimedia services. However, traditional Optical Transport Networks (OTNs) cannot meet the requirements of 3G networks anymore, because of their complicated configuration, low bandwidth efficiency, high cost, and bad network and service scalability. The emerging of Multi-Service Transport Platform (MSTP), Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), and Automatically Switched Optical Network (ASON) technologies for optical fiber communications makes up for these weaknesses. The leading solution to 3G access transport networks is the MSTP technology based on Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH), while that to 3G core transport network is ASON+WDM.
文摘In this work, the effect of electrical discharge on nitrate concentration is considered in aqueous solution. The atmospheric pressure plasma was produced by a high-voltage power supply at 27 k Hz using pin-to-pin configuration. Air, argon,and argon/methane mixture were used to study the working gas effect. UV-VIS spectroscopy and ion chromatography were used to analyze the effect of the electrical discharge on nitrate concentration in deionized water. Optical emission spectroscopy（OES） was applied to diagnose active species inside and on the surface of the deionized water solution. The results of the present work showed that the atmospheric pressure electric discharge with air increases nitrate concentration while it remains constant using argon and argon/methane electrical discharges. It was also revealed that in the presence of air, the electrical discharge reduces p H, acidifying the solution and increasing solution conductivity due to production of extra nitrate ions. On the other hand, argon electrical discharge increases p H and conductivity due to production of OHion in water.
文摘In the field of maritime transport,motion and energy,the dynamics of deep-sea waves is one of the major problems in ocean science.A mathematical modeling of dynamics of solitary waves in deep sea under the two-layer stratification leads to NLS equation,and consequently,the interaction two of them can be formulated by coupled NLS equation.In this work,extended auxiliary equation and the exp(−ω(χ))-expansion methods are employed to make the optical solutions of the Manakov model of coupled NLS equation.The methods used in this paper,in addition to providing the analysis of individual wave solutions,also provide general optical solutions.Some previously known solutions can be obtained by some special selections of parameters obtained by solving systems of algebraic equations.At this stage,it is more practical and convenient to apply methods with a symbolic calculation system.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10875106 and 11175158)
文摘We present exact bright multi-soliton solutions of a generalized nonautonomous nonlinear Schroinger equation with time-and space-dependent distributed coefficients and an external potential which describes a pulse propagating in nonlinear media when its transverse and longitudinal directions are nonuniformly distributed.Such solutions exist in certain constraint conditions on the coefficients depicting dispersion,nonlinearity,and gain（loss）.Various shapes of bright solitons and interesting interactions between two solitons are observed.Physical applications of interest to the field and stability of the solitons are discussed.
