Background: Herbal dentifrices appear to have become an attractive alternative for some consumers and its use has gained appreciable acceptance in Nigeria. This could be partly due to the perception that herbal toothp...Background: Herbal dentifrices appear to have become an attractive alternative for some consumers and its use has gained appreciable acceptance in Nigeria. This could be partly due to the perception that herbal toothpastes like other herbal products are “natural”, devoid of chemicals and therefore superior to regular toothpastes. Aggressive advertisement of the products may also contribute to this new trend. Mucosal symptoms such as glossitis and intolerance to spicy foods seen in patients attending the oral diagnosis clinic are usually associated with anaemia and nutritional deficiency states. The disturbing trend of an increasing number of patients presenting with such oral mucosal symptoms associated with the use of herbal dentifrices prompted this study. This trend was observed in two isolated oral medicine clinics. Objective: To sensitize oral health, allied professionals and consumers on the possible adverse effects of regular use of some herbal dentifrices sold in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Routine patients of two oral medicine clinics in Lagos, namely the Randle General Hospital and the Lagos University Teaching Hospital who complained of some adverse mucosal signs and symptoms following the regular use of two identified herbal toothpastes made up the study population. The study was conducted between April 2010-April 2011. A detailed history and examination was carried out on these patients and clinical photographs of oral signs observed was taken in consenting patients. Data analysis was done using the Epi-info 6 software. P values ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant and data was presented in table format. Results: A total of 45 patients, 9 (20%) males and 36 (80%) fe-males were seen. The age range of patients was 14 - 78 years;mean age 45.5 ± 14.9 years. The duration of use of herbal dentifrices ranged from 2 weeks - 84 months (mean 24 ± 11.5 months). Oral signs and symptoms seen include, burning mouth and peppery sensation, mucosal erythema, lichenoid reaction, xerostomia, loss of taste sensation, angio-oedema and oral and peri-oral pigmentation. In many patients, resolution of symptoms was progressive within 2 weeks of withdrawal of the herbal toothpaste and its replacement with a conventional fluoride toothpaste. Most of the patients however required further treatment. A statistically significant association was found between the use of the identified herbal dentifrices and the following mucosal signs and symptoms namely, burning mouth and peppery sensation ,loss of taste sensation, soreness, erythema and lichenoid straie (p value ≤ 0.05). There was no statistically significant association between the use of herbal toothpaste and mucosal signs and symptoms of xerostomia, angular cheilitis, mucosal itching, angio-oedema and numbness (p value > 0.0.5) Conclusion: The regular use of the herbal dentifrices identified in this study can result in oral signs and symptoms affecting taste , nutrition, aesthetics and general oral physiology in some consumers. These findings suggest that further long term clinical trials need to be conducted on the herbal dentifrices to identify the noxious agents causing these symptoms. The formulation and use of these dentifrices need to be standardized and regulated. There is also a need to formulate a treatment protocol for these patients.展开更多
The herpesviruses are ubiquitous, doubled-strandedDNA viruses that can reactivate under conditions such as immunosuppressive therapy, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, malnutrition, and immunosenescence. There are e...The herpesviruses are ubiquitous, doubled-strandedDNA viruses that can reactivate under conditions such as immunosuppressive therapy, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, malnutrition, and immunosenescence. There are eight types of herpesviruses: Human herpesvirus simplex(HSV) type I(HSV-1) and HSV type II(HSV-2), varicella-zoster virus(VZV), epstein-Barr virus(EBV), cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus(HHV)-6, HHV-7, and HHV-8 or Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus. Some of these viruses can infect the oral cavity, leading to different types of lesions. Specifically, labial herpes(HSV-1 and less frequently HSV-2), zoster(VZV), infectious mononucleosis and oral hairy leukoplakia(EBV), and Kaposi's Sarcoma(HHV-8) are the most common viruses infecting the oral cavity. Some of these viruses can act in synergy with other herpesviruses or as distinct infectious agents. Other herpesviruses may have indirect effects in periodontal disease. The diagnosis is frequently based on signs and symptoms and depends on the experience of the examiner. Cytopathologic and/or histopathologic examination as well as immunological methods such as ELISA could help to elucidate cases. In addition, molecular techniques which can be sensitive and specific have been reported in the literature. These methods require low amounts of sample and could offer results faster than other traditional methods.展开更多
Background: The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has greatly challenged public health worldwide. A growing number of studies have reported gastrointestinal (GI)...Background: The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has greatly challenged public health worldwide. A growing number of studies have reported gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The study aimed to estimate the various digestive symptoms frequently reported in Covid-19 patients among the adult population of Bangladesh. Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, we enrolled confirmed patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to the COVID unit of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical college hospital, Dhaka from July 2020 to December 2020. All patients were COVID confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and were analyzed for clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and imaging study. Results: The study population consisted of 121 COVID-19-positive patients, among them, 57.85% were male and 42.15% female. The majority (43%) of the study population were in the age group of 31 - 40 years. The male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Nearly 94.2% of the sample population were married, among them 92.9% were male and 96.1% were female. Out of 121 Covid-19 patients, 30.65% had a contact history, 17.4% had a history of traveling or residing in an area reporting COVID-19 and 11.6% of family members were affected by Covid-19. Most of the patients had a fever (95%), cough (88.4%) and dyspnoea (43.8%), pneumonia (37.4%) and severe pneumonia (36.4%). In this study, 40% patients reported a digestive symptom including diarrhea 47.9%, vomiting 55.5%, loss of appetite 16.5%, abdominal pain 29.8%, abdominal bloating 24.8%, reflux 0%, jaundice 3.3%. Regarding co-morbidities, the majority had bronchial asthma (50%) followed by hypertension 46%, diabetes 38%, obesity 23%, and CKD 14% and heart disease 3%. Among 121 COVID-19 patients, 98% had recovered from the disease and 2% of patients expired. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal symptoms are common among patients with COVID-19 and this group of patients had a long time of hospital stay from onset to admission, and higher liver enzyme levels. During the management of COVID-19 patients, clinicians need to be alert regarding suspicion of the GI features among COVID-19, so that they can diagnose early and treat effectively and immediately.展开更多
目的观察软脉灵口服液治疗血管性痴呆(VaD)的临床疗效及安全性,并探讨其作用机制。方法将60例VaD患者按1∶1比例随机分为两组。治疗组(30例)予软脉灵口服液,每次1支(10mL),每日3次口服,1个月为1个疗程,连服3个疗程;对照组(30例)予以盐...目的观察软脉灵口服液治疗血管性痴呆(VaD)的临床疗效及安全性,并探讨其作用机制。方法将60例VaD患者按1∶1比例随机分为两组。治疗组(30例)予软脉灵口服液,每次1支(10mL),每日3次口服,1个月为1个疗程,连服3个疗程;对照组(30例)予以盐酸多奈哌齐(思博海),每次1片(5mg),每日1次临睡前口服,疗程同治疗组。结果总有效率治疗组(96.7%)与对照组(86.7%,)无统计学意义(P>0.05);在简易智能量表(minimentalstateexamination,MMSE)、日常生活功能水平量表(activities of daily living,ADL)积分和实验室指标同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、血栓素A2(TXA2)、前列环素I2(PGI2)等方面两组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);在中医证候疗效、临床症状改善、实验室指标内皮素(ET)、TXA2/PGI2等方面,治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论软脉灵口服液为治疗血管性痴呆的有效药物。展开更多
文摘Background: Herbal dentifrices appear to have become an attractive alternative for some consumers and its use has gained appreciable acceptance in Nigeria. This could be partly due to the perception that herbal toothpastes like other herbal products are “natural”, devoid of chemicals and therefore superior to regular toothpastes. Aggressive advertisement of the products may also contribute to this new trend. Mucosal symptoms such as glossitis and intolerance to spicy foods seen in patients attending the oral diagnosis clinic are usually associated with anaemia and nutritional deficiency states. The disturbing trend of an increasing number of patients presenting with such oral mucosal symptoms associated with the use of herbal dentifrices prompted this study. This trend was observed in two isolated oral medicine clinics. Objective: To sensitize oral health, allied professionals and consumers on the possible adverse effects of regular use of some herbal dentifrices sold in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Routine patients of two oral medicine clinics in Lagos, namely the Randle General Hospital and the Lagos University Teaching Hospital who complained of some adverse mucosal signs and symptoms following the regular use of two identified herbal toothpastes made up the study population. The study was conducted between April 2010-April 2011. A detailed history and examination was carried out on these patients and clinical photographs of oral signs observed was taken in consenting patients. Data analysis was done using the Epi-info 6 software. P values ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant and data was presented in table format. Results: A total of 45 patients, 9 (20%) males and 36 (80%) fe-males were seen. The age range of patients was 14 - 78 years;mean age 45.5 ± 14.9 years. The duration of use of herbal dentifrices ranged from 2 weeks - 84 months (mean 24 ± 11.5 months). Oral signs and symptoms seen include, burning mouth and peppery sensation, mucosal erythema, lichenoid reaction, xerostomia, loss of taste sensation, angio-oedema and oral and peri-oral pigmentation. In many patients, resolution of symptoms was progressive within 2 weeks of withdrawal of the herbal toothpaste and its replacement with a conventional fluoride toothpaste. Most of the patients however required further treatment. A statistically significant association was found between the use of the identified herbal dentifrices and the following mucosal signs and symptoms namely, burning mouth and peppery sensation ,loss of taste sensation, soreness, erythema and lichenoid straie (p value ≤ 0.05). There was no statistically significant association between the use of herbal toothpaste and mucosal signs and symptoms of xerostomia, angular cheilitis, mucosal itching, angio-oedema and numbness (p value > 0.0.5) Conclusion: The regular use of the herbal dentifrices identified in this study can result in oral signs and symptoms affecting taste , nutrition, aesthetics and general oral physiology in some consumers. These findings suggest that further long term clinical trials need to be conducted on the herbal dentifrices to identify the noxious agents causing these symptoms. The formulation and use of these dentifrices need to be standardized and regulated. There is also a need to formulate a treatment protocol for these patients.
文摘The herpesviruses are ubiquitous, doubled-strandedDNA viruses that can reactivate under conditions such as immunosuppressive therapy, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, malnutrition, and immunosenescence. There are eight types of herpesviruses: Human herpesvirus simplex(HSV) type I(HSV-1) and HSV type II(HSV-2), varicella-zoster virus(VZV), epstein-Barr virus(EBV), cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus(HHV)-6, HHV-7, and HHV-8 or Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus. Some of these viruses can infect the oral cavity, leading to different types of lesions. Specifically, labial herpes(HSV-1 and less frequently HSV-2), zoster(VZV), infectious mononucleosis and oral hairy leukoplakia(EBV), and Kaposi's Sarcoma(HHV-8) are the most common viruses infecting the oral cavity. Some of these viruses can act in synergy with other herpesviruses or as distinct infectious agents. Other herpesviruses may have indirect effects in periodontal disease. The diagnosis is frequently based on signs and symptoms and depends on the experience of the examiner. Cytopathologic and/or histopathologic examination as well as immunological methods such as ELISA could help to elucidate cases. In addition, molecular techniques which can be sensitive and specific have been reported in the literature. These methods require low amounts of sample and could offer results faster than other traditional methods.
文摘Background: The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has greatly challenged public health worldwide. A growing number of studies have reported gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The study aimed to estimate the various digestive symptoms frequently reported in Covid-19 patients among the adult population of Bangladesh. Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, we enrolled confirmed patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to the COVID unit of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical college hospital, Dhaka from July 2020 to December 2020. All patients were COVID confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and were analyzed for clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and imaging study. Results: The study population consisted of 121 COVID-19-positive patients, among them, 57.85% were male and 42.15% female. The majority (43%) of the study population were in the age group of 31 - 40 years. The male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Nearly 94.2% of the sample population were married, among them 92.9% were male and 96.1% were female. Out of 121 Covid-19 patients, 30.65% had a contact history, 17.4% had a history of traveling or residing in an area reporting COVID-19 and 11.6% of family members were affected by Covid-19. Most of the patients had a fever (95%), cough (88.4%) and dyspnoea (43.8%), pneumonia (37.4%) and severe pneumonia (36.4%). In this study, 40% patients reported a digestive symptom including diarrhea 47.9%, vomiting 55.5%, loss of appetite 16.5%, abdominal pain 29.8%, abdominal bloating 24.8%, reflux 0%, jaundice 3.3%. Regarding co-morbidities, the majority had bronchial asthma (50%) followed by hypertension 46%, diabetes 38%, obesity 23%, and CKD 14% and heart disease 3%. Among 121 COVID-19 patients, 98% had recovered from the disease and 2% of patients expired. Conclusion: Gastrointestinal symptoms are common among patients with COVID-19 and this group of patients had a long time of hospital stay from onset to admission, and higher liver enzyme levels. During the management of COVID-19 patients, clinicians need to be alert regarding suspicion of the GI features among COVID-19, so that they can diagnose early and treat effectively and immediately.
文摘目的观察软脉灵口服液治疗血管性痴呆(VaD)的临床疗效及安全性,并探讨其作用机制。方法将60例VaD患者按1∶1比例随机分为两组。治疗组(30例)予软脉灵口服液,每次1支(10mL),每日3次口服,1个月为1个疗程,连服3个疗程;对照组(30例)予以盐酸多奈哌齐(思博海),每次1片(5mg),每日1次临睡前口服,疗程同治疗组。结果总有效率治疗组(96.7%)与对照组(86.7%,)无统计学意义(P>0.05);在简易智能量表(minimentalstateexamination,MMSE)、日常生活功能水平量表(activities of daily living,ADL)积分和实验室指标同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、血栓素A2(TXA2)、前列环素I2(PGI2)等方面两组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);在中医证候疗效、临床症状改善、实验室指标内皮素(ET)、TXA2/PGI2等方面,治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论软脉灵口服液为治疗血管性痴呆的有效药物。
