Using three orange-fleshed sweetpotato varieties as experimental materials,16 economic traits at 60 d,75 d,90 d,105 d,120 d and 135 d after planting were measured,so as to revealing the dynamic variations of β-carote...Using three orange-fleshed sweetpotato varieties as experimental materials,16 economic traits at 60 d,75 d,90 d,105 d,120 d and 135 d after planting were measured,so as to revealing the dynamic variations of β-carotene and dry matter accumulation in roots and their relationships with economic traits in orangefleshed sweetpotato.The results showed that the dynamic variations of β-carotene accumulation in tubers varied hugely among different varieties.Interesting,the βcarotene content of all three varieties showed a significant decrease after 120 d,while the dry matter content of them performed a similar ＂fluctuation-type＂.Correlation analysis indicated that β-carotene content of three orange-fleshed sweetpotato varieties had no significant correlation with dry matter content and photosynthetic parameters,but the correlation with other economic traits also varied among varieties.展开更多
Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) is a major concern in the world today and is a risk for children in developing countries. Trends have shown that food based interventions are the preferred long-term solution in controlling ...Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) is a major concern in the world today and is a risk for children in developing countries. Trends have shown that food based interventions are the preferred long-term solution in controlling VAD as opposed to supplements. The orange-fleshed sweetpotato and mangoes are rich in beta-carotene, yet they are not fully utilized. A processed product from these raw materials will make use of surplus produce, promote year round utilization, increase the economic value of the crops and provide variety and convenience of uses. The roots were obtained from the field station, University of Nairobi, while the mangoes were purchased from the local market. The roots were washed, peeled and sliced. They were boiled to softness and mashed. The mangoes were washed, peeled, sliced and pureed in a blender. The two raw materials were mixed using six different formulations. Each formula was pasteurized at 80°C for 5 min in a batch pasteurizer, packaged by hot filling, cooled immediately and stored. The cooking time for the sweetpotatoes was 19.5 min. Losses of beta-carotene and ascorbic acid ranged from 17% - 21% and 18% - 28% respectively after pasteurization. The total solids increased by 3% on average. Changes due to storage of the product at 25°C could be detected by sensory analysis only after six months of storage. After storage, beta-carotene and ascorbic acid decreased by 18% and by 45% respectively. The final stored product could provide 73.7% and 64.5% of retinol equivalent for infants and 1 - 10 year-olds respectively. It could also provide 48.9% of ascorbic acid for children 1 - 10 years old, when consumed in amounts of 100 g per day.展开更多
This study consisted to evaluate the effects of ecological practices on the yield performance of the JEWEL of orange-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam). The study was conducted in a Sudano-Sahelian croppi...This study consisted to evaluate the effects of ecological practices on the yield performance of the JEWEL of orange-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam). The study was conducted in a Sudano-Sahelian cropping system (Lantargou, eastern region of Burkina Faso). Agro-ecological practices consisted of the inputs of 3.20 t/ha of compost + 2.45 t/ha of wood ash (CO + WA);4.90 t/ha of wood ash (WA);6.40 t/ha of compost (CO) were compared to control with no inputs (T<sub>0</sub>). Each treatment was repeated four times. The crop management consisted of plowing, harrowing, raising of ridges with 40 cm height, burying of treatments, transplanting of cuttings, two weeding’s, and using of biopesticide called PIOL for crop protection. Composite soil samples per treatment were also collected at tuber harvest and analyzed to determine the effects of treatments on residual soil fertility. Results showed that the plant heights and diameters under the CO were significantly (P < 0.001) improved by 16% and 12% compared to T<sub>0</sub>. The WA treatment significantly increased the number of large tubers by 43% (P ≤ 0.01) compared to T<sub>0</sub>. Total tuber numbers, large tuber numbers and tuber yields of sweet potato under CO + WA were significantly (P < 0.001) and respectively improved by 27%, 50% and 31% compared to T<sub>0</sub>. All treatments increased soil organic matter, N, P and K contents, and reduced soil acidity compared with those obtained under T<sub>0</sub>. Soil K content was improved by 39% under CO + WA, and soil N content by 34% under WA compared to T<sub>0</sub>. Soil C/N ratio under CO + WA was reduced by 20% compared others treatments. But, the CO + WA treatment outperformed by improving residual soil N content by 38%, and the WA treatment by increasing soil K content by 50% compared to T<sub>0</sub>. In addition, soil pHH<sub>2</sub>O increased by 1.2 units under WA treatment compared to T<sub>0</sub>. As conclusion, the application of 6.4 t/ha of compost performed well to improve the vegetative growth of orange-fleshed sweet potato while the inputs of 3.2 t/ha of compost + 2.45 t/ha of wood ash were efficacy to significantly increase the tuber yields and improve the residual fertility of soil.展开更多
Sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam., is an important food crop worldwide. Large scale evaluation of sweetpotato germplasm for genetic diversity is necessary to determine the genetic relationships between them and ef...Sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam., is an important food crop worldwide. Large scale evaluation of sweetpotato germplasm for genetic diversity is necessary to determine the genetic relationships between them and effectively use them in the genetic improvement. In this study, the genetic diversity of 617 sweetpotato accessions, including 376landraces and 162 bred varieties from China and 79 introduced varieties from 11 other countries, was assessed using 30 simple sequence repeat(SSR) primer pairs with high polymorphism. Based on the population structure analysis,these sweetpotato accessions were divided into three groups, Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3, which included 228, 136and 253 accessions, respectively. Consistent results were obtained by phylogenic analysis and principal coordinate analysis(PCoA). Of the three groups, Group 2 showed the highest level of genetic diversity and its accessions were mainly distributed in low-latitude regions. The accessions from South China exhibited the highest level of genetic diversity, which supports the hypothesis that Fujian and Guangdong were the first regions where sweetpotato was introduced to China. Analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) indicated significant genetic differentiations between the different groups, but low levels of genetic differentiation existed between the different origins and accession types.These results provide valuable information for the better utilization of these accessions in sweetpotato breeding.展开更多
Mozambican diets are often lacking in vitamin A. Orange-fleshed sweet potatoes (OFSP) are rich in beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, but are not easily introduced into the diet as the consistency of the porridge...Mozambican diets are often lacking in vitamin A. Orange-fleshed sweet potatoes (OFSP) are rich in beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, but are not easily introduced into the diet as the consistency of the porridge made from OFSP is unappetising. Flour made from roasted cassava (garri) produces a palatable porridge with a high energy density. We propose a simple procedure for producing an instant porridge by roasting grated OFSP with flour from shredded sun-dried cassava (G-OFSP). This is an easily adopted variant of the traditional garri-making process. The consistency of this porridge made from milled G-OFSP (G-OFSPf) was compared to the consistency of porridges made from maize flour (Mf), cassava flour (Cf), OFSP flour (OFSPf) and garri flour (Gf) at 43°C, and then correlated to the perceived characteristics assessed by a sensory panel. The dry matter concentration of the porridges was adjusted to give similar consistency, measured by the maximum force of back extrusion, using traditional maize porridge as a reference. The porridges were additionally characterized by back extrusion force relaxation time. Short relaxation times were obtained for G-OFSPf, Mf and Gf porridges and longer times for Cf and OFSPf porridges, corresponding roughly to the sensory preference. In the sensory test of consistency, G-OFSPf porridge was ranked first, followed by Mf, Gf, OFSPf and Cf. In overall sensory tests comparing G-OFSPf porridge to Gf porridge, G-OFSPf porridge was significantly preferred with regard to all sensory attributes evaluated (p < 0.01). The energy density of the G-OFSPf porridge was 5.6 kJ/ml;the highest of the three most preferred porridges with regard to texture. The preparation of flour from a mixture of grated OFSP and shredded sun-dried cassava improved the perceived porridge consistency, increased its energy density, and its high acceptability would increase the intake of betacarotene.展开更多
Sweetpotato(Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam.)is a widely grown food crop especially in developing countries.Increasing storage-root yield and dry-matter content has been the main breeding objective of the crop,and DNA marker-a...Sweetpotato(Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam.)is a widely grown food crop especially in developing countries.Increasing storage-root yield and dry-matter content has been the main breeding objective of the crop,and DNA marker-assisted breeding is needed for this purpose.In this study,using a mapping population of 500 F1 individuals from a cross between Xushu 18(female)and Xu 781(male),we constructed a highdensity genetic linkage map of sweetpotato using 601 simple-sequence repeat(SSR)primer pairs.The Xushu 18 map contained 90 linkage groups with 5547 SSR markers and spanned 18,263.5 cM,and the Xu 781 map contained 90 linkage groups with 4599 SSR markers and spanned 18,043.7 cM,representing the highest genome coverage yet reported for sweetpotato.We identified 33 QTL for storage-root yield and 16 QTL for dry-matter content,explaining respectively 6.5%–47.5%and 3.2%–18.9%of variation.These results provide a foundation for fine-mapping and cloning of QTL and for marker-assisted breeding in sweetpotato.展开更多
Sweetpotato is an important crop for food security in many developing countries which is cultivated using vine cuttings. Studies have revealed that there are at least fifteen well characterized viruses known to infect...Sweetpotato is an important crop for food security in many developing countries which is cultivated using vine cuttings. Studies have revealed that there are at least fifteen well characterized viruses known to infect sweetpotato of which 10 are economically important that contribute to yield reduction. Planting materials use by farmers are often infected by one or more of these viruses. The aim of this study was to evaluate three different sources of planting materials of different health status for their field performance and virus presence. The sources of planting materials were in vitro generated platelets, symptomless Field materials and Farmer’s materials. Four sweetpotato varieties Apomuden, Bohye, Ligri and Dadanyuie were selected from each source of planting material. The trial was laid in a split plot design with the sources of planting material allocated to main plots and the varieties to sub-plots. The plantlets of the four varieties were planted at Botanga Irrigation Scheme in Northern region of Ghana. Viral symptom scores were taken twice, score 1 being the average from 4 - 7 weeks after planting (WAP) and score 2 being the average from 8 - 11 WAP. Nitrocellulose Membranes Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (NCM-ELISA) kits were employed for the detection of sweetpotato viruses on the field. The source of planting materials significantly influenced (P In vitro generated material showed the least symptoms of virus followed by Field materials. Apomuden and Bohye varieties recorded the highest virus score in the first and second virus symptom observational score respectively. NCM-ELISA revealed that the viruses SPFMV, SPMMV, SPMSV, SPCFV, SPCSV, and CMV were significantly present among the different sources of planting materials. In vitro, Field and Farmer materials recorded NCM-ELISA score of 0.225, 1.075 and 1.500 respectively. Apomuden variety recorded the highest virus score in the assay. Vine and root yield was higher among the in vitro generated material. Farmers should use laboratory cleaned material however, in the absence of such material they should select field material showing no symptom of virus.展开更多
Objective] This study almed to investigate the effects of uniconazoIe on physioIogical and biochemical properties of roots of different sweetpotato cuItivars at seedIing stage. [Method] Under hydroponic conditions in ...Objective] This study almed to investigate the effects of uniconazoIe on physioIogical and biochemical properties of roots of different sweetpotato cuItivars at seedIing stage. [Method] Under hydroponic conditions in a greenhouse, the effects of exogenous uniconazoIe on physioIogical and biochemical properties of roots of different sweetpotato cuItivars at seedIing stage were analyzed under continuous drought stress simuIated by PEG-6000. [Result] Compared with normal water suppIy treatment （N）, drought treatment （D） decreased significantIy root Iength, root surface area, average root diameter and root voIume of Jishu 21 and Jihei 1; to be specif-ic, compared with Jishu 21, root Iength, root surface area and average root diame-ter of Jihei 1 decreased greatIy, but root voIume of Jihei 1 decreased sIightIy. SOD, POD, APX activities and MDA content of Jishu 21 and Jihei 1 increased, and root vitality of two sweetpotato cuItivars was reduced; to be specific, compared with Jihei 1, Jishu 21 exhibited significantIy improved SOD, POD, APX activities, sIightIy im-proved MDA content and remarkabIy reduced root vitality. IAA, GAs and ZR con-tents of Jishu 21 and Jihei 1 decIined at seedIing stage; ABA content of two sweetpotato cuItivars was improved; to be specific, compared with Jihei 1, IAA, GAs and ZR contents of Jishu 21 were reduced sIightIy, whiIe ABA content of Jishu 21 was improved sIightIy. Under stress conditions, uniconazoIe treatment increased sig-nificantIy root Iength and root surface area of Jihei 1 and increased sIightIy root voIume of Jihei 1 compared with Jishu 21; uniconazoIe treatment increased signifi-cantIy SOD, POD and APX activities and root vitality of Jihei 1 and decIined re-markabIy MDA content of Jihei 1 compared with Jishu 21; uniconazoIe treatment in-creased significantIy IAA, ZR and ABA contents of Jihei 1 compared with Jishu 21. [Conclusion] Drought-toIerant sweetpotato cuItivar Jishu 21 exhibits high pIasma membrane integrity and root vitality by increasing activities of antioxidant enzymes under drought stress and malntalning high contents of IAA, ZR and ABA. Unicona-zoIe exerts greater reguIatory effects on physioIogical and biochemical properties of drought-sensitive sweetpotato cuItivar Jihei 1 under drought stress.展开更多
[Objective] Jishu 21 with strong drought tolerance and Jizishu 1 with weak drought tolerance were chosen to reveal antioxidant characteristics in seedling roots of sweetpotato with different drought tolerance. [Method...[Objective] Jishu 21 with strong drought tolerance and Jizishu 1 with weak drought tolerance were chosen to reveal antioxidant characteristics in seedling roots of sweetpotato with different drought tolerance. [Method] Active oxygen, antioxidant substances and antioxidant enzymes in seedling roots of sweetpotato with different drought tolerance were analyzed by hydroponics with PEG-6000 for simulating drought stress in the experiment. [Result] The results showed that under drought stress, H202 content and formation rate of 02_ in seedling roots of Jizishul were higher than Jishu 21 by 1.9% and 102.6%, respectively, the contents of Vc in seed- ing roots of Jizishu 1 and Jizishu 1 increased by 25.3% and 81.1%, respectively, and the contents of polyphenols increased by 24.8% and 37.6% in the two vari- eties, respectively. The increase amplitudes of Jizishu 1 were higher than Jishu 21 in the above indexes. Antioxidant enzyme activities were higher in seedling roots of Jisl^u 21 and Jizishul under drought stress than normal treatments; and among them, POD activity was the highest, while PPO activity was the lowest in all an- tioxidant enzymes. The increases of SOD, POD, APX and PPO activities in Jishu 21 were twice of those in Jizishul. The bands of SOD3, POD2, CAT1, APX2 and PPO2 changed obviously between the drought treatments of the two varieties. [Con- clusion] In conclusion, stronger drought tolerance in sweetpotato results in lower in- crease amplitudes of H202 content, formation rate of 02- and contents of Vc and polyphenols under drought stress, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes are stronger in seeding roots under drought stress; and the differences in antioxidant enzymes are mainly related to the changes of isoenzymes including SOD3, POD2, CAT1. APX2 and PPO2.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31301379)Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund(JASTIF),(CX(13)2028)+2 种基金The Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(CARS-11-C03)Jiangsu Provincial Science and Technology Support Program(BE2013437)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20130716)~~
文摘Using three orange-fleshed sweetpotato varieties as experimental materials,16 economic traits at 60 d,75 d,90 d,105 d,120 d and 135 d after planting were measured,so as to revealing the dynamic variations of β-carotene and dry matter accumulation in roots and their relationships with economic traits in orangefleshed sweetpotato.The results showed that the dynamic variations of β-carotene accumulation in tubers varied hugely among different varieties.Interesting,the βcarotene content of all three varieties showed a significant decrease after 120 d,while the dry matter content of them performed a similar ＂fluctuation-type＂.Correlation analysis indicated that β-carotene content of three orange-fleshed sweetpotato varieties had no significant correlation with dry matter content and photosynthetic parameters,but the correlation with other economic traits also varied among varieties.
文摘Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) is a major concern in the world today and is a risk for children in developing countries. Trends have shown that food based interventions are the preferred long-term solution in controlling VAD as opposed to supplements. The orange-fleshed sweetpotato and mangoes are rich in beta-carotene, yet they are not fully utilized. A processed product from these raw materials will make use of surplus produce, promote year round utilization, increase the economic value of the crops and provide variety and convenience of uses. The roots were obtained from the field station, University of Nairobi, while the mangoes were purchased from the local market. The roots were washed, peeled and sliced. They were boiled to softness and mashed. The mangoes were washed, peeled, sliced and pureed in a blender. The two raw materials were mixed using six different formulations. Each formula was pasteurized at 80°C for 5 min in a batch pasteurizer, packaged by hot filling, cooled immediately and stored. The cooking time for the sweetpotatoes was 19.5 min. Losses of beta-carotene and ascorbic acid ranged from 17% - 21% and 18% - 28% respectively after pasteurization. The total solids increased by 3% on average. Changes due to storage of the product at 25°C could be detected by sensory analysis only after six months of storage. After storage, beta-carotene and ascorbic acid decreased by 18% and by 45% respectively. The final stored product could provide 73.7% and 64.5% of retinol equivalent for infants and 1 - 10 year-olds respectively. It could also provide 48.9% of ascorbic acid for children 1 - 10 years old, when consumed in amounts of 100 g per day.
文摘This study consisted to evaluate the effects of ecological practices on the yield performance of the JEWEL of orange-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam). The study was conducted in a Sudano-Sahelian cropping system (Lantargou, eastern region of Burkina Faso). Agro-ecological practices consisted of the inputs of 3.20 t/ha of compost + 2.45 t/ha of wood ash (CO + WA);4.90 t/ha of wood ash (WA);6.40 t/ha of compost (CO) were compared to control with no inputs (T<sub>0</sub>). Each treatment was repeated four times. The crop management consisted of plowing, harrowing, raising of ridges with 40 cm height, burying of treatments, transplanting of cuttings, two weeding’s, and using of biopesticide called PIOL for crop protection. Composite soil samples per treatment were also collected at tuber harvest and analyzed to determine the effects of treatments on residual soil fertility. Results showed that the plant heights and diameters under the CO were significantly (P < 0.001) improved by 16% and 12% compared to T<sub>0</sub>. The WA treatment significantly increased the number of large tubers by 43% (P ≤ 0.01) compared to T<sub>0</sub>. Total tuber numbers, large tuber numbers and tuber yields of sweet potato under CO + WA were significantly (P < 0.001) and respectively improved by 27%, 50% and 31% compared to T<sub>0</sub>. All treatments increased soil organic matter, N, P and K contents, and reduced soil acidity compared with those obtained under T<sub>0</sub>. Soil K content was improved by 39% under CO + WA, and soil N content by 34% under WA compared to T<sub>0</sub>. Soil C/N ratio under CO + WA was reduced by 20% compared others treatments. But, the CO + WA treatment outperformed by improving residual soil N content by 38%, and the WA treatment by increasing soil K content by 50% compared to T<sub>0</sub>. In addition, soil pHH<sub>2</sub>O increased by 1.2 units under WA treatment compared to T<sub>0</sub>. As conclusion, the application of 6.4 t/ha of compost performed well to improve the vegetative growth of orange-fleshed sweet potato while the inputs of 3.2 t/ha of compost + 2.45 t/ha of wood ash were efficacy to significantly increase the tuber yields and improve the residual fertility of soil.
基金National Key R&D Program of China (2019YFD1001301 and 2019YFD1001300)the earmarked fund for CARS-10Sweetpotato and the Hebei Key R&D Program, China (20326320D)。
文摘Sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam., is an important food crop worldwide. Large scale evaluation of sweetpotato germplasm for genetic diversity is necessary to determine the genetic relationships between them and effectively use them in the genetic improvement. In this study, the genetic diversity of 617 sweetpotato accessions, including 376landraces and 162 bred varieties from China and 79 introduced varieties from 11 other countries, was assessed using 30 simple sequence repeat(SSR) primer pairs with high polymorphism. Based on the population structure analysis,these sweetpotato accessions were divided into three groups, Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3, which included 228, 136and 253 accessions, respectively. Consistent results were obtained by phylogenic analysis and principal coordinate analysis(PCoA). Of the three groups, Group 2 showed the highest level of genetic diversity and its accessions were mainly distributed in low-latitude regions. The accessions from South China exhibited the highest level of genetic diversity, which supports the hypothesis that Fujian and Guangdong were the first regions where sweetpotato was introduced to China. Analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) indicated significant genetic differentiations between the different groups, but low levels of genetic differentiation existed between the different origins and accession types.These results provide valuable information for the better utilization of these accessions in sweetpotato breeding.
文摘Mozambican diets are often lacking in vitamin A. Orange-fleshed sweet potatoes (OFSP) are rich in beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, but are not easily introduced into the diet as the consistency of the porridge made from OFSP is unappetising. Flour made from roasted cassava (garri) produces a palatable porridge with a high energy density. We propose a simple procedure for producing an instant porridge by roasting grated OFSP with flour from shredded sun-dried cassava (G-OFSP). This is an easily adopted variant of the traditional garri-making process. The consistency of this porridge made from milled G-OFSP (G-OFSPf) was compared to the consistency of porridges made from maize flour (Mf), cassava flour (Cf), OFSP flour (OFSPf) and garri flour (Gf) at 43°C, and then correlated to the perceived characteristics assessed by a sensory panel. The dry matter concentration of the porridges was adjusted to give similar consistency, measured by the maximum force of back extrusion, using traditional maize porridge as a reference. The porridges were additionally characterized by back extrusion force relaxation time. Short relaxation times were obtained for G-OFSPf, Mf and Gf porridges and longer times for Cf and OFSPf porridges, corresponding roughly to the sensory preference. In the sensory test of consistency, G-OFSPf porridge was ranked first, followed by Mf, Gf, OFSPf and Cf. In overall sensory tests comparing G-OFSPf porridge to Gf porridge, G-OFSPf porridge was significantly preferred with regard to all sensory attributes evaluated (p < 0.01). The energy density of the G-OFSPf porridge was 5.6 kJ/ml;the highest of the three most preferred porridges with regard to texture. The preparation of flour from a mixture of grated OFSP and shredded sun-dried cassava improved the perceived porridge consistency, increased its energy density, and its high acceptability would increase the intake of betacarotene.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFD1001300,2019YFD1001301)the Earmarked Fund for CARS-10-Sweetpotato(CARS-10)+1 种基金the Beijing Food Crops Innovation Consortium Program(BAIC02-2022)Hebei Key R&D Program(20326320D,22322911D)。
文摘Sweetpotato(Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam.)is a widely grown food crop especially in developing countries.Increasing storage-root yield and dry-matter content has been the main breeding objective of the crop,and DNA marker-assisted breeding is needed for this purpose.In this study,using a mapping population of 500 F1 individuals from a cross between Xushu 18(female)and Xu 781(male),we constructed a highdensity genetic linkage map of sweetpotato using 601 simple-sequence repeat(SSR)primer pairs.The Xushu 18 map contained 90 linkage groups with 5547 SSR markers and spanned 18,263.5 cM,and the Xu 781 map contained 90 linkage groups with 4599 SSR markers and spanned 18,043.7 cM,representing the highest genome coverage yet reported for sweetpotato.We identified 33 QTL for storage-root yield and 16 QTL for dry-matter content,explaining respectively 6.5%–47.5%and 3.2%–18.9%of variation.These results provide a foundation for fine-mapping and cloning of QTL and for marker-assisted breeding in sweetpotato.
文摘Sweetpotato is an important crop for food security in many developing countries which is cultivated using vine cuttings. Studies have revealed that there are at least fifteen well characterized viruses known to infect sweetpotato of which 10 are economically important that contribute to yield reduction. Planting materials use by farmers are often infected by one or more of these viruses. The aim of this study was to evaluate three different sources of planting materials of different health status for their field performance and virus presence. The sources of planting materials were in vitro generated platelets, symptomless Field materials and Farmer’s materials. Four sweetpotato varieties Apomuden, Bohye, Ligri and Dadanyuie were selected from each source of planting material. The trial was laid in a split plot design with the sources of planting material allocated to main plots and the varieties to sub-plots. The plantlets of the four varieties were planted at Botanga Irrigation Scheme in Northern region of Ghana. Viral symptom scores were taken twice, score 1 being the average from 4 - 7 weeks after planting (WAP) and score 2 being the average from 8 - 11 WAP. Nitrocellulose Membranes Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (NCM-ELISA) kits were employed for the detection of sweetpotato viruses on the field. The source of planting materials significantly influenced (P In vitro generated material showed the least symptoms of virus followed by Field materials. Apomuden and Bohye varieties recorded the highest virus score in the first and second virus symptom observational score respectively. NCM-ELISA revealed that the viruses SPFMV, SPMMV, SPMSV, SPCFV, SPCSV, and CMV were significantly present among the different sources of planting materials. In vitro, Field and Farmer materials recorded NCM-ELISA score of 0.225, 1.075 and 1.500 respectively. Apomuden variety recorded the highest virus score in the assay. Vine and root yield was higher among the in vitro generated material. Farmers should use laboratory cleaned material however, in the absence of such material they should select field material showing no symptom of virus.
基金Supported by the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-11-B-11)~~
文摘Objective] This study almed to investigate the effects of uniconazoIe on physioIogical and biochemical properties of roots of different sweetpotato cuItivars at seedIing stage. [Method] Under hydroponic conditions in a greenhouse, the effects of exogenous uniconazoIe on physioIogical and biochemical properties of roots of different sweetpotato cuItivars at seedIing stage were analyzed under continuous drought stress simuIated by PEG-6000. [Result] Compared with normal water suppIy treatment （N）, drought treatment （D） decreased significantIy root Iength, root surface area, average root diameter and root voIume of Jishu 21 and Jihei 1; to be specif-ic, compared with Jishu 21, root Iength, root surface area and average root diame-ter of Jihei 1 decreased greatIy, but root voIume of Jihei 1 decreased sIightIy. SOD, POD, APX activities and MDA content of Jishu 21 and Jihei 1 increased, and root vitality of two sweetpotato cuItivars was reduced; to be specific, compared with Jihei 1, Jishu 21 exhibited significantIy improved SOD, POD, APX activities, sIightIy im-proved MDA content and remarkabIy reduced root vitality. IAA, GAs and ZR con-tents of Jishu 21 and Jihei 1 decIined at seedIing stage; ABA content of two sweetpotato cuItivars was improved; to be specific, compared with Jihei 1, IAA, GAs and ZR contents of Jishu 21 were reduced sIightIy, whiIe ABA content of Jishu 21 was improved sIightIy. Under stress conditions, uniconazoIe treatment increased sig-nificantIy root Iength and root surface area of Jihei 1 and increased sIightIy root voIume of Jihei 1 compared with Jishu 21; uniconazoIe treatment increased signifi-cantIy SOD, POD and APX activities and root vitality of Jihei 1 and decIined re-markabIy MDA content of Jihei 1 compared with Jishu 21; uniconazoIe treatment in-creased significantIy IAA, ZR and ABA contents of Jihei 1 compared with Jishu 21. [Conclusion] Drought-toIerant sweetpotato cuItivar Jishu 21 exhibits high pIasma membrane integrity and root vitality by increasing activities of antioxidant enzymes under drought stress and malntalning high contents of IAA, ZR and ABA. Unicona-zoIe exerts greater reguIatory effects on physioIogical and biochemical properties of drought-sensitive sweetpotato cuItivar Jihei 1 under drought stress.
基金Supported by the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-11-B-11)~~
文摘[Objective] Jishu 21 with strong drought tolerance and Jizishu 1 with weak drought tolerance were chosen to reveal antioxidant characteristics in seedling roots of sweetpotato with different drought tolerance. [Method] Active oxygen, antioxidant substances and antioxidant enzymes in seedling roots of sweetpotato with different drought tolerance were analyzed by hydroponics with PEG-6000 for simulating drought stress in the experiment. [Result] The results showed that under drought stress, H202 content and formation rate of 02_ in seedling roots of Jizishul were higher than Jishu 21 by 1.9% and 102.6%, respectively, the contents of Vc in seed- ing roots of Jizishu 1 and Jizishu 1 increased by 25.3% and 81.1%, respectively, and the contents of polyphenols increased by 24.8% and 37.6% in the two vari- eties, respectively. The increase amplitudes of Jizishu 1 were higher than Jishu 21 in the above indexes. Antioxidant enzyme activities were higher in seedling roots of Jisl^u 21 and Jizishul under drought stress than normal treatments; and among them, POD activity was the highest, while PPO activity was the lowest in all an- tioxidant enzymes. The increases of SOD, POD, APX and PPO activities in Jishu 21 were twice of those in Jizishul. The bands of SOD3, POD2, CAT1, APX2 and PPO2 changed obviously between the drought treatments of the two varieties. [Con- clusion] In conclusion, stronger drought tolerance in sweetpotato results in lower in- crease amplitudes of H202 content, formation rate of 02- and contents of Vc and polyphenols under drought stress, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes are stronger in seeding roots under drought stress; and the differences in antioxidant enzymes are mainly related to the changes of isoenzymes including SOD3, POD2, CAT1. APX2 and PPO2.
