Physicochemical conditions in affecting the distribution of spring phytoplankton community

To better understand the physicochemical conditions in af fecting regional distribution of phytoplankton community, one research cruise was carried out in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea during 3 rd and 23 th May, 2010. The phytoplankton community, including Bacillariophyta(105 taxa), Pyrrophyta(54 taxa), Chrysophyta(1 taxon) and Chlorophyta(2 taxa), had been identified and clearly described from six ecological provinces. And, the six ecological provinces were partitioned based on the top twenty dominant species related with notable physicochemical parameters. In general, the regional distributions of phytoplankton ecological provinces were predominantly influenced by the physicochemical properties induced by the variable water masses and circulations. The predominant diatoms in most of water samples showed well adaptability in turbulent and eutrophic conditions. However, several species of dinoflagellates e.g., Protoperidinium conicum, Protoperidinium triestinum, Protoperidinium sp. and Gymnodinium lohmanni preferred warmer, saltier and nutrient-poor environment. Moreover, the dinoflagellates with high frequency in the Yellow Sea might be transported from the Yellow Sea Warm Current. The horizontal distribution of phytoplankton was depicted by diatoms and controlled by phosphate concentration, while the vertical distribution was mainly supported by light and nutrients availability in the subsurface and bottom layers, respectively.

Ore-forming Conditions and Prospecting in the West Kunlun Area,Xinjiang, China

The West Kunlun ore-forming belt is located between the northwestern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and southwestern Tarim Basin. It situated between the Paleo-Asian Tectonic Domain and Tethyan Tectonic Domain. It is an important component of the giant tectonic belt in central China (the Kunlun-Qilian-Qinling Tectonic Belt or the Central Orogenic Belt). Many known ore-forming belts such as the Kunlun-Qilian Qinling ore-forming zone, Sanjiang (or Three river) ore-forming zone, Central Asian ore-forming zone, etc. pass through the West Kunlun area. Three ore-forming zones and seven ore-forming subzones were classified, and eighteen mineralization areas were marked. It is indicated that the West Kunlun area is one of the most favorable region for finding out large and superlarge ore deposits.

Effect of different process conditions on the physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of plasma-activated water

The physicochemical properties of plasma-activated water(PAW)generated under different process conditions were investigated,and their changes under different storage conditions were also studied.The results showed that increasing the processing time and power,and decreasing generated water volume,could cause an increase in the redox potential,conductivity,and temperature of PAW,and a decrease in its pH.A slower dissipation of the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in PAW was found on storage at 4℃in a sealed conical flask than on storage at room temperature.The inactivation ability of plasma-activated lactic acid(LA)to Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa)was higher than that of PAW or LA alone under the same experimental conditions.The results of this study may provide theoretical information for the application of PAW as a potential antimicrobial agent in the future.

Physicochemical Conditions during the Formation of Dalingkou Ag-Pb-Zn Deposit,Zhejiang Province

On the basis of mineral paragenesis and the chemistry and homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions,the physicochemical parameters were calculated for the formation of the Dalingkou Ag-Pb-Zu deposit in Zhejiang.From the early to the late stage of mineralization the ore-forming temperature veriation was found to be 298.5 ℃→267.0℃→217.6℃→167.3℃,with a corresponding pH change of 3.0-5.8→6.1→6.7→5.0→7.3.The pressure changed from 403.8to 128.5atm,and logfS2-9.9→-11.2→<-15;logfO2<-44→-45.6--42.6→>-44.2;and logf CO2 around -1.55.In conjunction with geological observations.the deposit is considered to be of meso-epithermal origin,i.e.,it was formed after continental volcanic-subvolcanic activity.The major factors affecting ore precipitation are the decreasing temperature and the increasing pH of ore-forming solutions.

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE ORE-FORMING CONDITIONS OF THE Au-Pb-QUARTZ VEIN TYPE ORE DEPOSIT,CHINA

There are few Au-Pb-Quartz vein type ore deposits in other countries except China. It might be related to the geohistory and geotectonic background. However, this kind of ore deposit has an important economical significance in China. Its formation is due to the dis-tinctive geological conditions of china. Wendong Au-Pb-Quartz type ore deposit including Wenyu and Dongchuang in Xiaoqinling gold field is the most typical. It is a polygenetic and compound ore deposit, Jintongcha and other deposits lying to the west of it in Xiaoqinling area are Au-Pb-Quartz vein type ore deposits. Others of this area lying to the east of Jintongcha are Au-Quartz vein type. This phenomenon stems from the zonnal distribution of minernal de-posits and the different development of the two major minernalzation stages. The results ob-tained from the fluid inclusion research have supported this inference.

Physicochemical and Tribological Properties of Anti-Seize Thread Lubricant

The di-aromatics base oil and graphite powder,blended with the viscosity index improver,and the anti-oxidant and rheological additive,were used to prepare a kind of anti-seize thread lubricant.Its physical chemistry properties,such as water resistance,thermal oxidation and aging properties,and tribological performance,were evaluated and compared with those of some commercial products.The results show that the overall performance of the anti-seize thread lubricant could meet the level of some commercial products,while its some properties such as thermal stability,anti-wear and anti-friction properties were better.The said anti-seize thread lubricant is more suitable for use under high temperature conditions.

Effects of solution conditions on the physicochemical properties of stratification components of extracellular polymeric substances in anaerobic digested sludge

The composition and effects of solution conditions on the physicochemical properties of the stratification components of extracellular polymeric substances （EPS） in anaerobic digested sludge were determined. The total EPS in anaerobic digested sludge were extracted by the cation exchange resin method. Another EPS extraction method, the ceutrifugation and sonication technique was employed to stratify the EPS into three fractions： slime, loosely bound （LB）-EPS, and tightly bound （TB）-EPS from the outside to the inside of the anaerobic digested sludge. Proteins and polysaccharides were dispersed uniformly across the different EPS fractions, and humic-like substances were mainly partitioned in the slime, with TB-EPS second. Protein was the major constituent of the LB-EPS and TB-EPS, and the corresponding ratios ranged from 54.0% to 65.6%. The hydrophobic part in the EPS chemical components was primarily comprised of protein and DNA, while the hydrophilic part was mainly composed of polysaccharide. In the slime, the hydrophobic values of several EPS chemical components （protein, polysaccharide, humic-like substances and DNA） were all below 50%. The protein/polysaccharide ratio had a significant influence on the Zeta potentials and isoelectric point values of the EPS： the greater the protein/polysaccharide ratio of the EPS was, the greater the Zeta potential and the higher the isoelectric point value were. All Zeta potentials of the EPS showed a decreasing trend with increasing pH. The corresponding isoelectric point values （pH） were 2.8 for total EPS, 2.2 for slime, 2.7 for LB-EPS, and 2.6 for TB-EPS. As the ionic strength increased, the Zeta potentials sharply increased and then gradually became constant without charge reversal. In addition, as the temperature increased （〈 40℃）, the apparent viscosity of the EPS decreased monotonically and then gradually became stable between 40 and 60℃.

Microheterogeneity of the Koupol Deposit Fahlores as a Reflection of Changing of Physicochemical Parameters of the Ore-Forming Solution

New data on a zonal structure of the Koupol deposit fahlores grains are given, and features of their chemism are shown. The fahlores chemical composition within the zones evolves from essentially arsenious （Fe-tennantite and Zn-tennantite）, through mixed fahlores （Zn-tennantitetetrahedrite arsenious and Zn-tennantite-tetrahedrite antimonous）, to essential antimonous （Ag-bearing Zn-tetrahedrite）. Varying chemical composition manifested as mineralogical-geochemical zonation of the fahlores grains is caused by changes of physicochemical conditions of the ore forming process during the time.

Study of Initial Adhesion of a Bacterium to Different Support Materials before and after Conditioning Film of Olive Oil-Mill Wastewater

To improve the start-up speed and efficiency of bioreactors, biofilm technology is sometimes used. This technology uses various types of materials to facilitate the adhesion of microorganisms. In this study, the surface characteristics of inert substrates and substrates after olive oil-mill wastewater (OMWW) conditioning film were evaluated to understand the impact of OMWW on adhesion as well as the most suitable material to optimize bacterial adhesion. Three common substrates made of different polymers were tested for bacterial adhesion before and after treatment with OMWW: PP (polypropylene), PET (Polyethylene terephthalate), and PVC (polyvinyl chloride). The surfaces’ physicochemical characteristics were studied by measuring the contact angle for the studied bacteria strain and the supports, before and after treatment with OMWW. Results of initial adhesion tests for untreated and treated supports showed differences in how bacterial cells adhered to substrates. Before treatment with OMWW, PVC and then PP showed a significant adhesion capacity, double that of PET [PVC: 1.58 × 105 CFU/cm2, PP: 1.48 × 105 CFU/cm2 and PET: 0.72 × 105 CFU/cm2]. After treatment with OMWW, initial bacterial adhesion increased by 106 (from 105 CFU/cm2 for untreated supports to 1011 CFU/cm2 for treated supports), and PET followed by PP demonstrated the highest adhesion capacity, 2 and 1.7 times more than PVC, respectively [PET: 1.39 × 1011 CFU/cm2, PP: 1.15 × 1011 CFU/cm2 and PVC: 0.67 × 1011 CFU/cm2]. OMWW conditioning film affects the physicochemical characteristics of plastic supports, especially the donor electron character, and improves the initial adhesion of bacteria to substrates (105 to 1011 CFU/cm2). Therefore, surfaces’ physicochemical characteristics were important in the initial adhesion of the bacteria onto the support before and after treatment.

不同冲泡条件对青砖茶茶汤品质的影响

目的研究冲泡条件对青砖茶汤色、香、味品质及茶多酚、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、咖啡碱的影响。方法采用单因素和正交试验方法,通过感官审评和主要理化成分检测,分析了冲泡条件对青砖茶汤感官品质和理化品质的影响。结果单因素冲泡试验结果表明,茶汤感官评分随茶水比例的增大而上升、随着冲泡次数增加而下降、随冲泡时间延长呈现出先上升后下降的趋势。茶汤红黄度与茶多酚、可溶性糖、咖啡碱浓度随冲泡时间延长而增大,随茶水比增大、冲泡次数增多而减小,明亮度呈现出相反的趋势。游离氨基酸浓度随冲泡时间延长呈现出先增大再减小的趋势,在5 min时浓度最高。正交试验主效应分析结果表明,茶水比对茶汤香气和汤色评分影响显著(P<0.05),冲泡时间对茶汤汤色评分影响显著(P<0.05)。不同冲泡条件对青砖茶茶汤香气、汤色影响力均为茶水比>冲泡时间,对滋味影响力为冲泡时间>茶水比;青砖茶最佳冲泡条件为:茶水比为1:60(g/mL)、沸水冲泡5min,得到的茶汤香气、汤色和滋味的综合评分较高。结论冲泡茶水比为1:60(g/mL)、沸水冲泡5 min时能更好展现青砖茶的色香味品质,且冲泡次数不宜超过3次。

Geology and mineralization of the Dongping supergiant alkalic-hosted Au-Te deposit(>100 t Au)in Northern Hebei Province,China:A review

The Dongping deposit is the largest alkalic-hosted gold deposit in China containing>100 t of Au.This paper presents a new understanding for Dongping ore system,based on the previous studies.The mineralization originally occurred at 400-380 Ma,simultaneous with emplacement of the Shuiquangou alkaline complex,and was overprinted by the hydrothermal activity in the Yanshanian.Isotope compositions of ores indicate metals of the deposit are mainly provided by the Shuiquangou complex.Ore-forming fluids are characterized by increasing oxygen fugacity and decreasing sulfur fugacity,while tellurium fugacity increased in the Stage II-2 and decreased in Stage II-3.These systematic changes are closely related to the processes of mineral precipitation and fluid evolution.Sulfide precipitation from Stage Ⅰ to Stage Ⅱ was triggered by fluid boiling,which leads to the precipitation of Pb-Bi-Te,due to decrement of sulfur fugacity.Condensation of gas phase containing high concentration of H_2Te leads to precipitation of Te-Au-Ag minerals and native tellurium.Based on these hypotheses,this paper present a polyphase metallogenic model as follow.During the Devonian,fluids were released from alkaline magmas,which carried ore-forming materials form the surrounding rocks and precipitate the early ores.During the Jurassic-Cretaceous,fluorine-rich fluids exsolved from highly factionated Shangshuiquan granite,which extracted and concentrated Au from the Shuiquangou complex and the Sanggan Group metamorphic rocks,and finally formed the Dongping gold deposit.

不同立地条件下宇璐沙棘生长、果实特性及其土壤理化性质研究

为探究承德市围场县沙荒地和河滩地两种不同立地条件下土壤对宇璐沙棘生长及果实品质的影响,对沙荒地和河滩地上生长的宇璐沙棘的生长情况、果实品质及其土壤理化性质进行了测定。结果显示:与沙荒地相比,河滩地宇璐沙棘的株高、地径、活枝数、当年生枝生长量明显提高,河滩地的宇璐沙棘长势壮;河滩地宇璐沙棘果实产量显著高于沙荒地,果实营养成分低于沙荒地;河滩地的土壤含水率、pH、毛管持水量、毛管孔隙度等指标均高于沙荒地,但土壤有机质含量、速效磷含量和碱解氮含量显著低于沙荒地。研究结果为宇璐沙棘标准化生产和管理提供参考。

中国不同成因伟晶岩形成的物理化学条件

对湖南幕阜山、云南哀牢山、新疆可可托海及福建西坑４个地区的伟晶岩研究表明：这些伟晶岩矿物的熔融包裹体和熔流包裹体均一温度为４５０～１１４０°Ｃ，气—液包裹体均一温度为１８０～４００°Ｃ，不同地区包裹体类型和均一温度有所差别。气液包裹体中的主要液相组分有Ｃａ２＋，Ｋ＋，Ｎａ＋，Ｍｇ２＋，Ｆｅ３＋，ＨＣＯ－３，ＳＯ２－４，Ｃｌ－，Ｆ－以及Ｃ２Ｈ６，不同的伟晶岩这些组分的相对含量有明显不同，表明这些伟晶岩具有不同的成因。

挤压改性对糙米粉理化特性的影响

研究了挤压对糙米粉糊化特性、水化特性、损伤淀粉含量及微观形貌的影响。结果表明,随着物料水分的增加,挤压糙米粉峰值黏度、最低黏度和最终黏度显著增加,吸水率和膨润力也明显升高,水溶性和损伤淀粉含量大幅降低;挤压温度与吸水指数和膨润力显著负相关(p<0.05),螺杆转速与峰值黏度和最低黏度显著负相关(p<0.05)。挤压改性明显提升了糙米粉的水化特性,降低了糊化黏度,同时使糙米粉微观形貌由颗粒状变为表面有褶皱的不规则薄片状,增加了糙米粉的水溶性。

铜陵冬瓜山层控矽卡岩型铜金矿床的成因机制:硫同位素制约

冬瓜山铜金矿床是铜陵矿集区乃至长江中下游成矿带中的一个重要矿床。矿床上部受石炭系层位控制,发育层状、似层状层控矽卡岩型矿体;下部受岩体及其接触带控制,在岩体及其接触带围岩中发育脉状、细脉浸染状矿体。上部层控矽卡岩型矿体中的矿石类型以含铜(金)石英硫化物为主,矿石硫化物矿物的硫同位素组成显示主要成矿阶段的硫同位素基本达到了平衡。矿石矿物中的硫化物和硫酸盐的硫同位素组成对比表明,冬瓜山矿床与斑岩型矿床相似,而与Sedex型和VHMS型矿床不同。结合矿床成矿物理化学条件和矿石矿物共生组合关系,根据硫同位素储库效应,认为冬瓜山矿床硫化物阶段成矿热液中的含硫物种以H2S为主(XH2S>0.99),硫化物的结晶沉淀对成矿热液的δ34S值影响不大。应用大本模式,高温岩浆来源的热液与熔体之间的硫同位素分馏Δ34S为0‰～+5‰,依据岩浆岩全岩硫同位素组成可以确定岩浆来源热液的硫同位素组成为+0.3‰～+12.0‰。在高温(600～350℃)硅酸盐阶段和氧化物阶段,硬石膏与成矿热液之间的硫同位素分馏Δ34S为+5.0‰～+19.0‰,而在高温(450～350℃)氧化物阶段后期及低温(350～200℃)硫化物阶段,黄铁矿与成矿热液之间的硫同位素分馏Δ34S分别为-1.0‰～0‰和0‰～+1.5‰。据此计算的含硫矿物硫同位素组成理论值与冬瓜山矿床实测值基本一致,显示成矿热液流体中的硫源为岩浆来源。综合前人对区域及冬瓜山矿床的研究,本文认为冬瓜山矿床为与燕山期岩浆作用密切相关的层控矽卡岩型铜金矿床。岩浆及其平衡热液中较高的总硫同位素组成暗示岩浆混染了区域沉积地层中广泛发育的膏盐成分。虽然硫同位素组成特征显示区域沉积岩成岩过程中经历了明显的海水沉积作用和细菌硫酸盐还原作用,但冬瓜山矿床矿石没有保存海西期沉积成矿的硫同位素证据。

大水沟碲矿床成矿物理化学条件研究

本文在对大水沟碲矿床各成矿阶段矿物共生分析、成矿温度、矿液成分研究的基础上 ,对成矿的其它物理化学条件 ,如 p H、f O2 、f S2 、f Te2 等作了热力学计算 ,并结合矿床地质资料 ,计算与分析了成矿过程中碲的迁移形式及富集机理。

海洋细菌B-9987发酵条件的优化及胞外抑菌物质的理化特性

从海泥中分离获得的芽孢杆菌Ｂ－９９８７，其胞外代谢产物对植物病原真菌有很强的拮抗作用。以改良的２２１６Ｅ为基础培养基，通过正交试验，得到Ｂ－９９８７放大培养的最佳配方。胞外抑菌物质在碱性条件下活性大，酸性条件下具有良好的热稳定性，且水溶性、醇溶性和脂溶性都较大。纸电泳表明此物质呈弱酸性。

新疆哈图金矿成矿流体地球化学

新疆哈图金矿床赋存在石炭系基性火山岩－火山碎屑岩中，矿体受古火山口断裂系控制。矿脉内流体包裹体较为丰富，主要为气液相ＮａＣｌ－Ｈ２Ｏ包裹体和少量的ＮａＣｌ－ＣＯ２－Ｈ２Ｏ包裹体。成矿热液中富含ＣＯ２、Ｎ２、Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋、Ｃｌ－和ＳＯ２－４，而所含的成矿元素以Ａｕ－Ａｓ－Ａｇ－Ｓｂ组合为特征。成矿热液为低盐度流体，主成矿阶段的盐度为４．１ｗｔ％～６．３ｗｔ％ＮａＣｌ，密度为０．８８～０．８０ｇ／ｃｍ３，ｆＯ２为１０－３５～１０－３１Ｐａ，Ｅｈ为０．６０～０．８０ｅＶ，为还原环境。金沉淀成矿的最佳温度为２３０～２６０℃。哈图金矿成矿热液不是典型的岩浆热液，而是受到了古大气水混入的火山晚期热液。流体不混溶、水－岩反应及古大气水的混入是造成本区金沉淀成矿的主要因素。

甘肃李坝金矿床地质特征及成因研究

李坝金矿床位于中川印支 -燕山期复式花岗岩体外热变质带即黑云母变质带中 ,带内分布有较多的同类型金矿床 (点 ) ,是礼岷金矿带东部最大的金矿床。矿体产出严格受断裂破碎带控制 ,矿体主要为脉状、透镜状 ,分支复合 ,膨大缩小明显。容矿岩石主要为粉砂质板岩 ,矿石类型简单 ,主要为块状、碎裂状少硫化物浸染型 ,次为角砾状硫化物浸染型 ,矿化组合为金银系列矿物 -黄铁矿 - (毒砂 )。金矿化富集与中酸性岩脉空间密切伴生 ,同位产出。成矿作用可划分为两期四阶段 ,成矿物理化学环境为浅成中低温偏酸性还原富硫环境 (1～ 2 km、t为 188～ 2 56℃、p H为 3.6～ 5.6、lg f O2 为 - 38.8～ - 4 1、lg f S2 为 - 14.8～ - 16 )。地质、同位素地球化学综合研究认为矿床成因为岩浆 -变质混合成矿流体浅成中低温充填 -交代矿床。

卡林型金矿床中自然砷的特征与成矿物理化学条件示踪

在"滇黔桂"、"川甘陕"两个金三角密集区内的某些卡林型金矿床中,自然砷矿物的存在并非个别现象。自然砷呈致密块状、致密凝胶体状(肾状)、脉状或微细脉状产出。自然砷呈他形粒状,颗粒大小变化较大,一般为0.05～0.50mm,最大可达2mm。反光显微镜下为白色,显微硬度为114.21～150.60kg/mm2,相当于摩氏硬度3.27～3.59。矿物主要化学成分As的质量分数为92.74%～99.74%,并含有S0.18%～5.25%,Sb0.04%～3.65%。矿物为三方晶系,晶胞参数值a=0.3759nm,c=1.0527nm。利用矿床中含砷矿物的共生组合特点及热力学资料,探讨了卡林型金矿床形成的温度、成矿流体的f(O2)、f(S2)变化范围及金以金砷络合物形式迁移的可能性。