On the relationship between imprint and reliability in Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2) based ferroelectric random access memory

The detrimental effect of imprint,which can cause misreading problem,has hindered the application of ferroelectric HfO_(2).In this work,we present results of a comprehensive reliability evaluation of Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)-based ferroelectric random access memory.The influence of imprint on the retention and endurance is demonstrated.Furthermore,a solution in circuity is pro-posed to effectively solve the misreading problem caused by imprint.

Imprinting at the KBTBD6 locus involves species-specific m ternal methylation and monoallelic expression in livestock animals

Background The primary differentially methylated regions(DMRs) which are maternally hypermethylated serve as imprinting control regions(ICRs) that drive monoallelic gene expression, and these ICRs have been investigated due to their implications in mammalian development. Although a subset of genes has been identified as imprinted, in-depth comparative approach needs to be developed for identification of species-specific imprinted genes. Here, we examined DNA methylation status and allelic expression at the KBTBD6 locus across species and tissues and explored potential mechanisms of imprinting.Results Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and RNA-sequencing on parthenogenetic and normal porcine embryos, we identified a maternally hypermethylated DMR between the embryos at the KBTBD6 promoter Cp G island and paternal monoallelic expression of KBTBD6. Also, in analyzed domesticated mammals but not in humans, non-human primates and mice, the KBTBD6 promoter Cp G islands were methylated in oocytes and/or allelically methyl-ated in tissues, and monoallelic KBTBD6 expression was observed, indicating livestock-specific imprinting. Further analysis revealed that these Cp G islands were embedded within transcripts in porcine and bovine oocytes which coexisted with an active transcription mark and DNA methylation, implying the presence of transcription-dependent imprinting.Conclusions In this study, our comparative approach revealed an imprinted expression of the KBTBD6 gene in domesticated mammals, but not in humans, non-human primates, and mice which implicates species-specific evolution of genomic imprinting.

A Transparent Photoresist Made of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle-Embedded Acrylic Resin with a Tunable Refractive Index for UV-Imprint Lithography

Transparent photoresists with a high refractive index(RI)and high transmittance in visible wavelengths have promising functionalities in optical fields.This work reports a kind of tunable optical material composed of titanium dioxide nanoparticles embedded in acrylic resin with a high RI for ultraviolet(UV)-imprint lithography.The hybrid film exhibits a tunable RI of up to 1.67(589 nm)after being cured by UV light,while maintaining both a high transparency of over 98%in the visible light range and a low haze of less than 0.05%.The precision machining of optical microstructures can be imprinted easily and efficiently using the hybrid resin,which acts as a light guide plate(LGP)to guide the light from the side to the top in order to conserve the energy of the display device.These preliminary studies based on both laboratory and commercial experiments pave the way for exploiting the unparalleled optical properties of nanocomposite resins and promoting their industrial application.

Ionically Imprinting-Based Copper(Ⅱ)Label-Free Detection for Preventing Hearing Loss

Copper is a microelement with important physiological functions in the body.However,the excess copper ion(Cu^(2+))may cause severe health problems,such as hair cell apoptosis and the resultant hearing loss.Therefore,the assay of Cu^(2+)is important.We integrate ionic imprinting technology(IIT)and structurally colored hydrogel beads to prepare chitosan-based ionically imprinted hydrogel beads(IIHBs)as a low-cost and high-specificity platform for Cu^(2+)detection.The IIHBs have a macroporous microstructure,uniform size,vivid structural color,and magnetic responsiveness.When incubated in solution,IIHBs recognize Cu^(2+)and exhibit a reflective peak change,thereby achieving label-free detection.In addition,benefiting from the IIT,the IIHBs display good specificity and selectivity and have an imprinting factor of 19.14 at 100μmol·L^(-1).These features indicated that the developed IIHBs are promising candidates for Cu^(2+)detection,particularly for the prevention of hearing loss.

MPI/OpenMP-Based Parallel Solver for Imprint Forming Simulation

In this research,we present the pure open multi-processing(OpenMP),pure message passing interface(MPI),and hybrid MPI/OpenMP parallel solvers within the dynamic explicit central difference algorithm for the coining process to address the challenge of capturing fine relief features of approximately 50 microns.Achieving such precision demands the utilization of at least 7 million tetrahedron elements,surpassing the capabilities of traditional serial programs previously developed.To mitigate data races when calculating internal forces,intermediate arrays are introduced within the OpenMP directive.This helps ensure proper synchronization and avoid conflicts during parallel execution.Additionally,in the MPI implementation,the coins are partitioned into the desired number of regions.This division allows for efficient distribution of computational tasks across multiple processes.Numerical simulation examples are conducted to compare the three solvers with serial programs,evaluating correctness,acceleration ratio,and parallel efficiency.The results reveal a relative error of approximately 0.3%in forming force among the parallel and serial solvers,while the predicted insufficient material zones align with experimental observations.Additionally,speedup ratio and parallel efficiency are assessed for the coining process simulation.The pureMPI parallel solver achieves a maximum acceleration of 9.5 on a single computer(utilizing 12 cores)and the hybrid solver exhibits a speedup ratio of 136 in a cluster(using 6 compute nodes and 12 cores per compute node),showing the strong scalability of the hybrid MPI/OpenMP programming model.This approach effectively meets the simulation requirements for commemorative coins with intricate relief patterns.

Innovative Methods of Synthesis and Characterization for Molecularly Imprinted Polymers

The characterization of these molecularly imprinted polymers is essential to understanding their binding dynamics and structural properties. Through the analysis of the current research, it is found that there are overlaps in the methods used by scholars. The Langmuir equation is frequently applied to model the adsorption isotherms of MIPs, providing critical insight into the capacity and affinity of the binding sites. Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) plays a crucial role in identifying the functional groups involved in the imprinting process and confirming the successful formation of specific binding sites. UV-visible spectrophotometry is employed to monitor the absorption characteristics of the polymers, offering data on the interactions between the template molecules and the polymer matrix. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) provides detailed visualization of the internal structure of MIPs at the nanoscale, revealing the morphology and size of the imprinted cavities. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) assesses the thermal stability and composition of the polymers, identifying decomposition patterns that are indicative of the material’s robustness under different conditions. Finally, the Laser Particle Size Analyzer is used to measure the size distribution of the polymer particles, which is critical for determining the uniformity and efficiency of the imprinting process. The six characterization methods discussed in this paper provide a comprehensive understanding of MIP, and it is hoped that in the future, more optimized design solutions will emerge and their applications in various fields will be enhanced.

Ionic Liquid Assisted Imprint for Efficient and Stable Quasi-2D Perovskite Solar Cells with Controlled Phase Distribution

Although two-dimensional perovskite devices are highly stable,they also lead to a number of challenges.For instance,the introduction of large organic amines makes crystallization process complicated,causing problems such as generally small grain size and blocked charge transfer.In this work,imprint assisted with methylamine acetate were used to improve the morphology of the film,optimize the internal phase distribution,and enhance the charge transfer of the perovskite film.Specifically,imprint promoted the dispersion of spacer cations in the recrystallization process with the assistance of methylamine acetate,thus inhibited the formation of low-n phase induced by the aggregation of spacer cations and facilitated the formation of 3D-like phase.In this case,the corresponding quasi-2D perovskite solar cells delivered improved efficiency and exhibited superior stability.Our work provides an effective strategy to obtain uniform phase distribution for quasi-2D perovskite.

Preparation of bowl-shaped polydopamine surface imprinted polymer composite adsorbent for specific separation of 2'-deoxyadenosine

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have great potential as adsorbents for selective adsorption and separation of nucleoside compounds,but effectively enhancing the affinity of recognition sites by adjusting the forces between template molecules and functional monomers remains an important challenge.In this work,a surface imprinting strategy was used to construct bowl-shaped molecularly imprinted composite sorbents (BHPN@MIPs) based on polydopamine (PDA) particles and have achieved selective separation and purification of 2'-deoxyadenosine (dA).Where by the base complementary pairing interaction of the combined template molecule d A and the pyrimidine functional monomer can enhance the preassembly force,and the hydrophilic bowl-shaped PDA can provide a larger storage space contact efficiency of d A in the test solution,causing the site utilization much higher and improving the kinetic adsorption performance.The equilibrium adsorption time and maximum adsorption capacity of60 min and 328.45μmol·g^(-1)were observed by static adsorption experiments,and the selectivity experimental results showed an imprinting factor IF of 1.30.After four adsorption–desorption cycles,the initial adsorption equilibrium adsorption capacity of BHPN@MIPs still retained 91.14%.By evaluating the selective adsorption of d A in spiked human serum solutions,BHPN@MIPs can be used to selectively enrich and analyze target d A in complex biological samples.

电化学发光在真菌毒素检测中的研究进展

电化学发光是一种由电化学激发的化学发光现象,具有发光背景低、灵敏度高、检测范围宽和可控性好等优势,已在体外诊断领域广泛商业化。受此鼓舞,电化学发光在食品安全和环境监测等领域的研究日益深入,已然是当下的研究热点之一。本文介绍了电化学发光机制和体系组成,总结了电化学发光结合免疫分析、适配体和分子印迹技术在真菌毒素检测中的研究进展,最后,提出并分析了电化学发光技术在食品安全检测中存在的主要问题和挑战。

金纳米颗粒修饰分子印迹电化学传感器快速检测蔬菜中吡虫啉含量

目的将分子印迹技术、电化学技术和纳米颗粒修饰技术相结合,开发蔬菜中吡虫啉的快速检测技术。方法采用金纳米颗粒修饰玻碳电极提高其电子转移速率,通过分子印迹技术在电极表面聚合膜材料制备电化学传感器,利用循环伏安法和差分脉冲法表征传感器性能,基于传感器对目标农药分子的特异性吸附建立农药快速检测方法。结果以吡虫啉为模板分子,邻苯二胺为功能单体,基于金纳米颗粒修饰的玻碳电极构建了一种吡虫啉分子印迹电化学传感器,该传感器可实现对吡虫啉的特异性识别检测,在1.0×10^(–11)~1.0×10^(–4)mol/L浓度范围内,吡虫啉线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9951,检出限为3.3×10^(–12)mol/L,小白菜样品加标回收率为91.86%~102.25%,相对标准偏差为1.98%~3.19%。结论本研究制备的传感器具有优良的选择性、重复性和稳定性,适用于蔬菜中吡虫啉的快速检测,为当前农残速测产品的开发提供了参考。

CEO创业经验与企业资源配置——基于烙印理论的实证研究

本文从“职业流动”视角关注CEO群体一种被忽视的先前经验——先前创业经验,并探讨其对CEO随后战略决策的影响。基于组织烙印理论,本文认为CEO先前创业过程中所经历的强资源约束情境,影响了其信息处理机制,使其偏好新颖的资源配置决策。个体的信息处理机制会在持续接触可靠信息后发生改变,基于此,本文进一步引出CEO行业经验及政府政策导向这两个可能影响烙印衰减及加强的机制,探讨其对CEO先前创业经验影响战略决策的边界条件。研究以2009-2018年中国创业板三个行业企业为样本,对上述观点检验后发现:CEO先前创业次数越多,其所在企业资源配置方式越新颖;CEO在现任企业所处行业的工作经验弱化了主效应关系,而政府鼓励创新创业活动的政策导向则强化了主效应关系。本文识别了中国情境下既有企业与创业企业通过个体职业流动而产生的互动现象,并通过既有企业战略决策阐释了创业烙印的内涵,推进了蓬勃发展的职业流动视角下的创业研究。本文为创业者的职业生涯管理、既有企业的雇佣政策提供实践启示。

蜂蜜中链霉素仿生印迹电化学传感检测方法

动物源食品中链霉素残留危害严重,建立高性能分析方法是确保食品安全和人类健康的必要手段。仿生印迹电化学传感检测方法具有高效、特异和灵敏等优点,已成为食品安全检测技术研究的重要领域。该研究以链霉素为模板分子,氧化石墨烯和壳聚糖为增敏材料,3-氨基苯基硼酸和邻苯二胺为复合功能单体,采用电聚合法构建了仿生印迹聚合物传感界面,建立了蜂蜜中链霉素的仿生印迹电化学传感检测方法。通过扫描电镜对印迹传感界面进行了表征,采用循环伏安法、差分脉冲伏安法和电化学交流阻抗法对仿生印迹传感器的电化学性能进行表征。在最佳反应条件下,该传感器的检测限为2.59×10^(-12) mol/L,线性范围为1.0×10^(-10)~1.0×10^(-6) mol/L,洋槐蜜、枣花蜜和桂花蜜样品的加标回收率分别为94.78%~106.24%、93.65%~103.81%和97.19%~106.18%,相对标准偏差≤4.28%。试验结果表明,该方法具有良好的重复性、稳定性和重现性,能够满足蜂蜜中链霉素残留分析的需要。相关研究为复杂基质中痕量靶标的高特异性和超灵敏分析提供了技术支撑,对于蜂蜜中链霉素的快速筛查和安全监测具有重要意义。

海绵状镍印迹壳聚糖吸附剂对软锰矿脱硫尾液中镍离子的选择性去除性能研究

为了选择性去除软锰矿脱硫尾液中镍离子以提高硫酸锰纯度,以壳聚糖为基体,研究了采用离子印迹法和化学发泡法制备海绵状镍印迹壳聚糖吸附剂Ni^(2+)-IIP,探讨了其在模拟二元溶液中的竞争和选择性吸附行为,并考察了温度、吸附时间和脱硫尾液pH对实际软锰矿脱硫尾液中镍离子吸附量和去除率、锰离子损失率的影响。结果表明:在模拟二元溶液中,虽然锰镍离子之间存在竞争吸附,但是Ni^(2+)-IIP仍对镍离子保持了较高的选择性;在实际软锰矿脱硫尾液中,当pH=5.0、吸附温度40℃、吸附时间1440 min时,镍离子吸附量和去除率分别为15.3 mg/g和90%,而锰离子损失率约11%;经过5次吸附—解吸循环,Ni^(2+)-IIP对脱硫尾液中镍的吸附量仅降低13.1%,再生性能良好。Ni^(2+)-IIP能选择性地去除脱硫尾液中的镍离子,实现硫酸锰溶液提纯。

氨基糖苷类药物光电化学传感器的构建及应用研究进展

氨基糖苷类药物(aminoglycosides,AGs)残留严重危害人体健康,传统检测方法操作复杂、成本高昂,光学和电化学传感器灵敏度高、特异性强、操作简单且成本低,应用前景广阔。该文介绍了食品中AGs光学与电化学传感器的构建方法与研究进展,涉及荧光法、化学发光法、比色法、表面增强拉曼光谱、电致发光及电化学方法。最后总结了不同类别传感器的优势与挑战,为新型光电化学传感器的构建与应用提供了新的思路,为该类药物的安全监控提供了技术支持。

贫困烙印会促使家族企业参与第三次分配吗?——基于烙印“刺激-消逝”双重机制的解释

本文检验了企业家贫困烙印如何影响家族企业参与以慈善捐赠为主的第三次分配,探究家族企业情境对烙印“刺激-消逝”双重机制的具体影响,以及该烙印机制在家族企业和非家族企业之间的作用差异。以2006—2019年沪深A股上市公司为样本,本文的实证结果支持了企业家贫困烙印会显著提高企业参与第三次分配的观点,并发现企业家党员身份可以刺激贫困烙印,从而正向调节贫困烙印对家族企业参与第三次分配的积极影响;在职消费则会侵蚀贫困烙印使之慢慢消逝,从而负向调节贫困烙印对家族企业参与第三次分配的积极影响。更为重要的是,本文通过实证研究发现,党员身份的刺激效应在家族企业情境中更为有效,而在职消费的消逝效应则在非家族企业情境中更为显著。最后,本文通过对家族企业异质性的进一步分析发现,家族经营型企业和创业型家族企业情境下企业家贫困烙印对家族企业参与第三次分配的正向影响更为显著,家族传承型企业情境中该烙印机制相对较弱。该结果表明如何实现创始人烙印的组织延续已成为家族企业传承中迫切需要解决的问题。

虚拟模板MIPs-SPE联用技术对茶叶粗提物中咖啡因的分离纯化研究

目的 采用儿茶素作为虚拟模板制备分子印迹聚合物(Molecular imprintingpolymers,MIPs)结合固相萃取(Solid phase extraction,SPE)技术对茶叶粗提物中的咖啡因进行分离纯化。方法 以儿茶素为虚拟模板,4-乙烯基吡啶为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,聚苯乙烯为大分子拥挤试剂,以原位聚合的方式制备虚拟模板分子印迹聚合物。测定该分子印迹聚合物的保留性能、形貌特征和孔径分布等性能,以该分子印迹聚合物作为固相萃取吸附剂,对茶叶粗提物中的咖啡因进行分离纯化。结果 所制备儿茶素分子印迹聚合物对咖啡因的最优印迹因子为4.57。对茶叶粗提物中的咖啡因进行分离纯化后,在咖啡因纯度高于95%的条件下,咖啡因的回收率可达85%以上。结论 以儿茶素为虚拟模板合成的分子印迹聚合物,可以用于茶叶粗提物中咖啡因的分离纯化。

印迹壳聚糖吸附剂对镍离子的选择性吸附行为研究

为了有效分离软锰矿浸出液的镍离子,研究采用离子印迹技术,以壳聚糖为基体,制备了镍印迹壳聚糖珠体(Ni2+-imprinted Chitosan Beads, Ni-CTS)。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, FT-IR)对Ni-CTS进行了表征,考察了不同锰离子质量浓度背景及实际软锰矿浸出液中Ni-CTS对镍离子的选择性分离效果,以乙二胺四乙酸二钠(Ethylene Diamine Tetra-acetic Acid, EDTA)为解吸液对吸附剂的再生性能进行了研究。试验结果显示:在高质量浓度锰离子背景下,Ni-CTS对镍离子显示了较高的选择性,且先被吸附的锰离子会被后面吸附的镍离子取代,在Ni-CTS上存在对镍离子特异性吸附的活性位点。经过5次再生试验后,Ni-CTS对镍离子吸附质量比约为12.1 mg/g,仍表现出良好的吸附性能。在实际软锰矿浸出液中,吸附反应后浸出液中的锰镍质量浓度的比值由3 020提高到了8 635。

DES磁性分子印迹材料的制备及其吸附分离性能

利用溶剂热法制备纳米Fe 3 O 4,并将其分散在正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)水解液中,在表面沉积一层SiO_(2).用甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPS)对SiO_(2)-Fe 3 O 4表面改性,得到MPS-SiO_(2)-Fe 3 O 4.将甲基丙烯酸(MAA)与己烯雌酚(DES)以摩尔比4∶1加入乙腈溶剂中,进行12 h自组装,再加入MPS-SiO_(2)-Fe 3 O 4、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)和偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN),进行超声分散30 min,65℃条件下机械搅拌,反应24 h,制得DES磁性分子印迹聚合物(MMIP).采用透射电镜、振动样品磁强计和吸附试验等方法进行表征分析.结果表明:MMIP的饱和磁化强度为268 kA/m,无磁滞现象,矫顽力为0,表现出超顺磁性,在磁铁作用下17 s就可与溶液分离;室温下,MMIP对DES的静态最大吸附量为7.1 mg/g,动态吸附时MMIP在60 min时可以达到静态最大吸附量的90%以上;MMIP对DES的印迹因子为3.70,因而对DES有较大的识别能力;MMIP可重复使用6次以上,具有良好的再生循环性能.

烙印理论视角下的地球科学人才培养

地学精神是我国地球科学行业110余年发展的缩影,是我国地球科学行业代代传承的思想价值观念与价值取向的总和。培育地学精神是培养适应时代发展的地球科学人才的根本。基于烙印理论视角,分析了地学精神的培育机制,指出其本质是抓住学生在校期间关键的敏感期,通过多种手段及外部环境调整铸就学生的地学精神。因此,高等院校应当抓住环境、教育和制度三个关键点,科学培育学生的专业精神和地学精神,提高其各方面综合素养和能力,为学生树立伴随终身的地球科学精神品质。

分子印迹固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定果蔬中4种有机磷类农药的残留量

以4种目标物丙溴磷、毒死蜱、二嗪磷、辛硫磷的混合物作为模板分子,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂、甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,通过水热聚合法制备分子印迹聚合物(MIPs),将MIPs填充在聚丙烯空柱中制备MIPs固相萃取(MIPs-SPE)柱。将果蔬样品洗净、晾干、粉碎后,分取5.00 g,加入2 g无水硫酸钠,研磨均匀。加入30 mL乙腈,超声1.5 h,离心10 min。分取1 mL上清液过活化好的MIPs-SPE柱,用4 mL正己烷淋洗,6 mL体积比9∶1的甲醇-乙酸混合溶液洗脱。收集洗脱液,于35℃氮气吹干,用1 mL乙腈定容,用高效液相色谱法分析。结果显示:MIPs可特异性识别4种目标物,对目标物的吸附量约非分子印迹聚合物(NIPs)的2.5倍,对硫磷、马拉硫磷、甲拌磷、甲基毒死蜱的吸附量显著低于目标物的;经MIPs-SPE柱净化后,样品大部分基质成分被去除,目标物测定无干扰。4种目标物的浓度在0.005~2.0μmol·L^(−1)内和对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.0015~0.0040μmol·L^(−1);在0.01,0.5,1.0,2.0 mg·kg^(−1)加标浓度水平下,4种目标物的回收率为85.9%~102%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)为3.0%~7.1%。方法用于4种果蔬样品的分析,在草莓样品中检出了丙溴磷(检出量为0.07 mg·kg^(−1)),甘蓝样品中检出了辛硫磷(检出量为0.05 mg·kg^(−1)),其他样品中均未检出这4种目标物。