One of the phenomena that marked 20th century is rapid technology progress. This process did not avoid food production and processing. Thanks to rapid development of technology, there has been a development of convent...One of the phenomena that marked 20th century is rapid technology progress. This process did not avoid food production and processing. Thanks to rapid development of technology, there has been a development of conventional food production, as well as appearance of genetically modified food. As a consequence of this trend, as well as the concern among some part of human population for their health, we had the return to natural food production in the form of the development of organic food production. One of the characteristics of organic food market in the European Union is the constant growth of demand for this product group, and insufficient quantities of organic products available in this market. These information led to the conclusion that organic food represents an opportunity for less developed countries, i.e., that countries like Serbia can manufacture and sale these products on the market with the highest purchasing power in the world--the European Union market. In this paper, the characteristics of demand for organic foods in the European Union were presented, then it was explained in detail why are these products export chance of Serbia, as well as reasons why is the export of organic food from Serbia to the EU very low at the time being. At the end, some recommendations that could help Serbia to increase export of organic product to EU countries were proposed.展开更多
The important indications for assessing CCHP(combined cooling,heating and power)systems are their supply-demand matching characteristics between the user demand side and the energy supply side.These characteristics ar...The important indications for assessing CCHP(combined cooling,heating and power)systems are their supply-demand matching characteristics between the user demand side and the energy supply side.These characteristics are primarily influenced by different building types and operating strategies.In view of the energy redundancy of the following electric load(FEL)and following thermal load(FTL)operation strategies and the energy deficiency of the following hybrid electric-heating load(FHL)operation strategy,this paper proposes an improved following balanced heat-electrical load(IFBL)operation strategy based on the following balanced heat-electrical load(FBL)operation strategy.Based on the energy utilization rate as the objective function,this paper optimizes the installed capacity of CCHP systems in different buildings and proposes an energy factor for evaluating the supply-demand matching characteristics of the system.The results show that the energy utilization rate and energy factor of the system under IFBL are optimal relative to the other operation strategies.Secondly,the hotel building has the highest energy utilization rate and the lowest energy factor;on the contrary,the office building has the lowest energy utilization rate and the highest energy factor.Finally,the analysis of supply-demand matching for different building types under multiple operating strategies shows that the hospital and hotel systems exhibit optimal supply-demand matching performance under the IFBL strategy,with values of 0.945 and 0.938,respectively;on the contrary,the office system has an optimal supply-demand matching of 0.935 under the FEL strategy.Under the FTL strategy,the systems of all three buildings exhibit poor matching performance.展开更多
The pharmaceutical market of Ukraine in January 2015 was registered 71 drug based acetylsalicylic acid （ASA）, for which 52% combined. The most common combinations of ASA with acetaminophen and caffeine （45.9%）, ma...The pharmaceutical market of Ukraine in January 2015 was registered 71 drug based acetylsalicylic acid （ASA）, for which 52% combined. The most common combinations of ASA with acetaminophen and caffeine （45.9%）, magnesium hydroxide （18.9%）, bisoprolol （10.8%）, ascorbic acid （8.1%）, clopidogrel （5.4%）. Comparing markets combined drugs ASA of Ukraine, the Russian Federation, 28 EU countries, Norway, Switzerland, India, Syria, Australia and the USA identified the active pharmaceutical ingredients, combined with ASA in a single dosage form. The analysis of questionnaires 40 pharmacists pharmacies Temopil, Khmelnytsky and Kyiv regions of Ukraine noted that the biggest demand is mono-drugs ASA, Citramon, Askofen and Cardiomagnyl Methods of pharmacoeconomic studies proved efficient use Upsaryn UPSA with vitamin C tabl. spike, tuba in box number 20 BMS （France）, Citramon tablets number 6 PJSC ＂Monfarm＂ （Ukraine） and Cardiomagnyl tabl. film-coated shell 75 mg in bottle number 100 Nycomed Austria （Austria）. On the basis of six State Forms of drugs in Ukraine （2009-2014） was found that the combination of drugs based on ASA is recommended to use of ascorbic acid （Aspiryn C, Asprovit C, Upsarin UPSA with vitamin C）, dipyridamole （Agrenox）, magnesium hydroxide （Cardiomagnyl, Cardiomagnyl Forte）. Some of the standard combination of ASA （combination of paracetamol and caffeine） are not in form. For optimize State Form of drugs by improving health system in Ukraine can be useful pharmacoeconomic analysis of combination therapies with the current official system to note the combination of ASA with statins, esomeprazole, isosorbide.展开更多
针对当前纯电微网运行效率较低,且单独参与市场交易时缺乏竞争力等问题,构建了考虑微网间电能交互的多微网联合调度模型。首先,构建含冷热电联供(combined cooling heating and power,CCHP)系统的微网基本调度模型,并通过“以热/冷定电...针对当前纯电微网运行效率较低,且单独参与市场交易时缺乏竞争力等问题,构建了考虑微网间电能交互的多微网联合调度模型。首先,构建含冷热电联供(combined cooling heating and power,CCHP)系统的微网基本调度模型,并通过“以热/冷定电”的方式提高微网调度策略的灵活性;其次,考虑到微网间可直接进行点对点(peer to peer,P2P)交易,建立了考虑P2P交易的多微网联合调度模型;最后,对一个市场运营商与三个CCHP型微网的案例进行仿真。结果表明,所提出的调度方式进一步降低了系统的运行成本。展开更多
文摘One of the phenomena that marked 20th century is rapid technology progress. This process did not avoid food production and processing. Thanks to rapid development of technology, there has been a development of conventional food production, as well as appearance of genetically modified food. As a consequence of this trend, as well as the concern among some part of human population for their health, we had the return to natural food production in the form of the development of organic food production. One of the characteristics of organic food market in the European Union is the constant growth of demand for this product group, and insufficient quantities of organic products available in this market. These information led to the conclusion that organic food represents an opportunity for less developed countries, i.e., that countries like Serbia can manufacture and sale these products on the market with the highest purchasing power in the world--the European Union market. In this paper, the characteristics of demand for organic foods in the European Union were presented, then it was explained in detail why are these products export chance of Serbia, as well as reasons why is the export of organic food from Serbia to the EU very low at the time being. At the end, some recommendations that could help Serbia to increase export of organic product to EU countries were proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51966009)the Key Research and Development Program of Gansu Province(NO.20YF8GA057).
文摘The important indications for assessing CCHP(combined cooling,heating and power)systems are their supply-demand matching characteristics between the user demand side and the energy supply side.These characteristics are primarily influenced by different building types and operating strategies.In view of the energy redundancy of the following electric load(FEL)and following thermal load(FTL)operation strategies and the energy deficiency of the following hybrid electric-heating load(FHL)operation strategy,this paper proposes an improved following balanced heat-electrical load(IFBL)operation strategy based on the following balanced heat-electrical load(FBL)operation strategy.Based on the energy utilization rate as the objective function,this paper optimizes the installed capacity of CCHP systems in different buildings and proposes an energy factor for evaluating the supply-demand matching characteristics of the system.The results show that the energy utilization rate and energy factor of the system under IFBL are optimal relative to the other operation strategies.Secondly,the hotel building has the highest energy utilization rate and the lowest energy factor;on the contrary,the office building has the lowest energy utilization rate and the highest energy factor.Finally,the analysis of supply-demand matching for different building types under multiple operating strategies shows that the hospital and hotel systems exhibit optimal supply-demand matching performance under the IFBL strategy,with values of 0.945 and 0.938,respectively;on the contrary,the office system has an optimal supply-demand matching of 0.935 under the FEL strategy.Under the FTL strategy,the systems of all three buildings exhibit poor matching performance.
文摘The pharmaceutical market of Ukraine in January 2015 was registered 71 drug based acetylsalicylic acid （ASA）, for which 52% combined. The most common combinations of ASA with acetaminophen and caffeine （45.9%）, magnesium hydroxide （18.9%）, bisoprolol （10.8%）, ascorbic acid （8.1%）, clopidogrel （5.4%）. Comparing markets combined drugs ASA of Ukraine, the Russian Federation, 28 EU countries, Norway, Switzerland, India, Syria, Australia and the USA identified the active pharmaceutical ingredients, combined with ASA in a single dosage form. The analysis of questionnaires 40 pharmacists pharmacies Temopil, Khmelnytsky and Kyiv regions of Ukraine noted that the biggest demand is mono-drugs ASA, Citramon, Askofen and Cardiomagnyl Methods of pharmacoeconomic studies proved efficient use Upsaryn UPSA with vitamin C tabl. spike, tuba in box number 20 BMS （France）, Citramon tablets number 6 PJSC ＂Monfarm＂ （Ukraine） and Cardiomagnyl tabl. film-coated shell 75 mg in bottle number 100 Nycomed Austria （Austria）. On the basis of six State Forms of drugs in Ukraine （2009-2014） was found that the combination of drugs based on ASA is recommended to use of ascorbic acid （Aspiryn C, Asprovit C, Upsarin UPSA with vitamin C）, dipyridamole （Agrenox）, magnesium hydroxide （Cardiomagnyl, Cardiomagnyl Forte）. Some of the standard combination of ASA （combination of paracetamol and caffeine） are not in form. For optimize State Form of drugs by improving health system in Ukraine can be useful pharmacoeconomic analysis of combination therapies with the current official system to note the combination of ASA with statins, esomeprazole, isosorbide.
文摘针对当前纯电微网运行效率较低,且单独参与市场交易时缺乏竞争力等问题,构建了考虑微网间电能交互的多微网联合调度模型。首先,构建含冷热电联供(combined cooling heating and power,CCHP)系统的微网基本调度模型,并通过“以热/冷定电”的方式提高微网调度策略的灵活性;其次,考虑到微网间可直接进行点对点(peer to peer,P2P)交易,建立了考虑P2P交易的多微网联合调度模型;最后,对一个市场运营商与三个CCHP型微网的案例进行仿真。结果表明,所提出的调度方式进一步降低了系统的运行成本。
