Industrial Organization in the Digital Economy Era:Evolution and Effects

Advances in digital technology and vast data applications have resulted in the emergence of the digital economy paradigm,which is a new techno-economic paradigm for the digital economy age.Under this paradigm,the industrial organization has shifted toward networked,platform-based,boundaryless,and integrated development with new characteristics.Specifically,there has been a fierce“positional arms race”fueled by financial capital,accelerating the growth of platform companies.The“hierarchical monopolistic competition”market structure has taken shape,resulting in a“coexistence without disruption”monopolistic competition.As platform businesses expand into new business sectors,competition among industrial ecosystems intensifies.Data and algorithms have become secret weapons for corporate success,allowing platform companies to expand their monopolistic forces.Industrial organization in the digital era has revolutionized the operating rules and logic of industrial economy,giving rise to new industries,business models,and paradigms,as well as being conducive to international cooperation and intelligent regulation.Meanwhile,it has introduced new challenges to socioeconomic development,making platform companies’anti-competitive and monopolistic behaviors more implicit,privacy and security concerns more conspicuous,and antitrust identification and investigation more difficult.The government should embrace the evolving trends of industrial organization in the digital economy era,accelerate regulatory transition,and strengthen governance and regulation under the digital economy paradigm.

Effective technology for processing industrial volatile organic compounds by the atmospheric pressure microwave plasma torch

In this study,we investigated the abatement of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)by the atmospheric pressure microwave plasma torch(AMPT).To study the treatment efficiency of AMPT,we used the toluene and water-based varnish to simulate VOCs,respectively.By measuring the compounds and contents of the mixture gas before/after the microwave plasma process,we have calculated the treatment efficiency of AMPT.The experimental results show that the treatment efficiency of AMPT for toluene with a concentration of 17.32×10^(4) ppm is up to 60 g/kWh with the removal rate of 86%.For the volatile compounds of water-based varnish,the removal efficiency is up to 97.99%.We have demonstrated the higher potential for VOCs removal of the AMPT process.

Biological Degradation of Some Organic Compounds Enrolled in Paper Industry—A Pollution Prevention Approach

Evaluation of the elimination and the “ultimate” biodegradation by aerobic microorganisms of some organic compounds commonly used in paper manufacturing technology was investigated. Biodegradation lines of nine organic compounds were determined as percentage removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) over 7 days incubation. The results of the biodegradability test clearly revealed that some of the organic compounds under investigation are highly biodegradable, while others rank from fairly to even non biodegradable. Significant biodegradation results were recorded for anti coating ester (95.0%), basoplast 200D (85.3%) and basoplast PR 8050(87.6%). A bleaching agent (formamidin sulfinic acid), ukanol BSA and solidurit KM demonstrate moderate biodegradation results of 62.1%, 76.2% and 69.8%, respectively. Poor biodegradation results for Hedifix M/35 (12.7%), basazol orange (34.9%) and basazol brown (29.0%) were recorded. Accordingly, appropriate precaution should be taken into consideration when using these compounds for industrial applications.

Studies on the Structure Evolvement of Organic Agricultural Industry in Taiwan and its Influential Factors

In order to study the development of organic agriculture in Taiwan in recent years,and based on relevant agriculture,economic and social statistics,the general scale of organic agriculture and industrial structure were treated with statistic analysis. Results suggest that the general scale of organic agriculture in Taiwan grew rapidly from 2004 to 2011. The certified organic farmers grew by 140. 59%,and the area with organic plantation grew by 302. 40%. The industrial structure has changed significantly as vegetables have become the No. 1 organic crop instead of rice. Besides of the four major crops,organic plantation has played an increasingly important role. Essential factors influencing the great-leap-forward development include the general trend of agricultural industrial structure adjustment,proliferation of management system and strategic opportunities brought by economic cycles.

Study on Treatment Technologies of High Concentrations of Industrial Organic Wastewater

The characteristics and harm of high concentrations of organic wastewater were introducecl firstly, and then several treatment processes and effects of high concentrations of organic wastewater were summarized, which can provide theoretical references for the choice of wastewater treatment process.

Effect of Earthworms on Removal of Pathogens during Stabilization of Industrial Organics

To investigate feasibility of pathogen free industrial organics with higher agronomic value, the industrial organic wastes were subjected to vermistabilization. The body of earthworm work as ＂biofilter＂ and they can ＂purify＂ and also ＂disinfect＂ and ＂detoxify＂ municipal and industrial organics. The microbiomics of gut and cast of earthworm （Eisenia foetida Savigny） and their association with vermistabilization was studied to determine the microbial quantification in reactors （industrial organics）. Worm were reared in five reactors viz. Sewage sludge （SS）, Paper mill industry sludge （PS）, Vegetable processing industry （VP）, Tannery waste （TW） and Meat process industrial sludge （MP） for ninety days. The microbial load （Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia, Mycobacterium, Streptococcus） in gut and cast, biomass, recovery of cast in different reactors were determined, periodically. The microbiomics of worms gut revealed the removal of Salmonella （12-18 × 10^8±0.02 to 0-4 × 10^3 ＋ 0.05 CFU/g）, Shigella （14-23 × 10^8 ± 0.04 to 0-4 × 10^3 ± 0.05 CFU/g）, Escherichia （4-16 × 10^8 ± 0.02 to 0-4 × 10^2 ± 0.05 CFU/g）, Mycobacterium （3-16 × 10^8 ± 0.02 to 0-3 × 10^2 ± 0.05 CFU/g）, Streptococcus （6-16 × 10^8 ± 0.02 to 0-4 × 10^3 ± 0.05 CFU/g） during stabilization of industrial organics. Similarly, reduction in pathogens Salmonella （12-19 × 10^8 ± 0.02 to 0-8 ×10^3 ± 0.05 CFU/g）, Shigella （7-20× 10^8 ± 0.04 to 0-2 ×10^3 ± 0.05 CFU/g）, Escherichia （2-20 × 10^8 ± 0.02 to 0.0-2 × 10^3 ± 0.05）, Mycobacterium （1-8 × 10^8 ±0.05 to 0.0-5 × 10^2 ± 0.05 CFU/g）, Streptococcus （8-18 × 10^8 ± 0.02 to 0-7 × 10^3 ± 0.05 CFU/g） in castings of industrial organics indicates the selective nature of feeding of worm. This amply demonstrates that these pathogens have been eliminated as they entered in food chain of worms. However, it may not be possible to remove pathogens completely, but at least worms change the ＂microbial make-up＂ of industrial organics to make it harmless to the soil and enable its use as a nutritive organic fertilizer.

Green corridor of rust belt: Theory and practice of organic growth in three-dimensional space of industrial heritage

This paper aims at the change of land use function in the development of urbanization and the planning transformation between the new and old cities.On the basis of protecting historical and cultural relics and improving environmental problems,new industries,new functions and new vitality are implanted,and a theoretical method of achieving economic,ecological and cultural symbiosis—the theory of organic growth in three-dimensional space is put forward.By analyzing the successful cases at home and abroad,this method summarizes the experience and lessons,and considers the various factors affecting humanity,region and sustainable development.This makes the cultural growth,ecological growth,business growth,to achieve a harmonious unity of the three.The feasibility and advanced nature of the theory to promote social development and optimize urban structure are demonstrated by combining with the reconstruction project of Hangzhou Steel Company(Hanggang)Ruins Park.

Industrial Outlook on Zeolites and Metal Organic Frameworks

水晶的 nanoporous 材料在工业化学服务众多的枢轴的功能。他们为工业应用程序提供关键特征，例如高表面区域，一致的孔，互连的毛孔 / 隧道系统，可存取的毛孔卷，高吸附能力，离子交换能力，提高的催化活动，和形状 / 尺寸选择。作为 nanoporous 材料的一个生长得很好的家庭，沸石具有为化学、石油化学的工业的重要重要性。多孔的材料的一个新兴的班叫了器官的框架(MOF ) 也在各种各样的应用为诺言提供的金属。沸石和 MOF 能在为我们的工业化社会的未来是批评的地里起重要作用。在为原料变化的探索，沸石用作向基础化学药品提供要求的形状 / 尺寸选择的催化剂。在转移进象氢那样的另外的交通燃料的全球努力， MOF 用作精力存储媒介。在对环境污染的战斗，沸石不仅参加有害物质的俘获和消退，而且为许多工业过程提供环境地良性的选择。在这评论，为现在和将来的应用的沸石和 MOF 的合成和利用上的一个工业观点被介绍。

Spatial Organization of Innovation in the Oil Equipment Manufacturing Industry: Case of Dongying, China

As innovation and technological change have become increasingly important for the competitiveness and sustainable growth of firms,cooperative innovation is now crucial for traditional industries in the context of globalization.This paper proposes a framework for analyzing the spatial pattern of cooperative innovation for traditional industries in developing countries.Based on in-depth interviews with 35 firms in the oil equipment manufacturing industry in Dongying City,China,this study argues that different firms in the innovation pyramid have various innovation activity preferences and spatial patterns.Firms with high innovation abilities tend to cooperate with various partners that are geographically dispersed and continuously expanding,while firms with inferior abilities usually cooperate with nearby fixed partners.Due to the differences in innovation environment and actor locations,firms tend to make different choices regarding innovation types and models,which highlight the importance of personnel training and basic scientific research at the global scale and practical product research and development at the national scale.Additionally,talent flow is the most important way to realize relationships for firm innovation activity.

Models,Characteristics and Upgrade of Rural Tourism Industrial Organizations in Beijing Suburbs

This paper firstly introduces theoretical basis of researches on industrial organizations of rural tourism.It sums up major models of industrial organizations of rural tourism in Beijing suburbs.Then,it presents benefits and major problems of different models,sums up characteristics of development of rural tourism industrial organizations in Beijing suburbs.Finally,it comes up with recommendations for upgrade and development of rural tourism industrial organizations in Beijing suburbs.

Comparison and Selection of Organization Modes in Edible Fungus Industry of Shandong Province

China is the largest producer and exporter of edible fungus in the world,and Shandong is the largest producer of edible fungus in China.This study is intended to select suitable organization mode for edible fungus industry of Shandong Province.On the basis of types and characteristics of existing edible fungus production modes in China,it is concluded that Shandong Province should take following measures:(1)giving priority to development of integrated organization mode;(2)steadily promoting park and factory mode in economically developed regions;(3)developing circular agriculture in regions with solid foundation of agriculture and animal husbandry.Finally,it puts forward following recommendations:(1)speeding up construction of standardization and information platform for edible fungus industry;(2)improving quality of personnel engaged in edible fungus industry;(3)bringing into play driving effect of leading enterprises;(4)developing and introducing deep processing enterprises.

Analysis on Business Organizational Form and Development of Waterfowl Industry

Waterfowl industry is an essential part of modern agricultural industry system.Enterprises and breeding farmers in waterfowl industry are new agricultural business entities,backbones for development of waterfowl industry,and main undertakers of business risks and major promoters of industry development.From the survey and analysis of several enterprises,farmers and business organizational form of waterfowl industry,it concluded that the business organizational form and the relationship between interested parties exert great influence on the development of waterfowl industry.According to these,it came up recommendations including optimizing business organizational form and reasonably selecting logistics mode according to profits and risks of business entities in the industry chain and main points of input and technological progress,in the hope of helping enterprises to resist risks,conduct scientific management,so as to promote stable development of waterfowl industry.

Research on Role Definition of Industry Association and Administrative Organ

Industry association is an important part of China＇s economic and social life, which plays an important role in these areas. However, due to various reasons, there exist some objective difficulties and problems for industry associations. In March 2013, Chinese government requires to clear relationship between govemment~ market and society, actively yet prudently carry forward the work of canceling the subordinate relations between industry associations and administrative organs, speed up the construction of modem social organizational system that is independent of government, and with well defined rights and responsibilities and self-governing by law. In such a background, it is especially necessary to deeply analyze the role definition of industry association and administrative organ, discuss how to clarify the role relationship between industry association and administrative organ, and consider how to promote the better and faster development of industry association. This paper has briefly introduced the development status and existing problems of industry association, and put forward relevant measures and suggestions to solve the problems.

The Review of the Research Paradigm of Capital Structure Based on the Theory of Industry Organization

Capital structure is one of the important research aspects of corporate finance. According to methodology, the capital structure research can be classified into two categories： the paradigm of uni-corporation and the paradigm of industry organization. Traditional capital structure research can be attribute to uni-corporation aspect. This paper reviews all literatures concerning the paradigm of industry organization and illustrates the inter-relationship among the feature of industry, the feature of suppliers and customers, the competitive strategy, product life cycle and capital structure.

Digital Innovation:Organizational Foundation and Chinese Heterogeneity

The advancement of digital innovation requires a distinctive organizational structure,different from those for non-digital innovation.The research literature,however,has confused appropriate forms of organization for digital innovation with those for non-digital innovation.Organizational heterogeneity,which is often overlooked in research on digital innovation,determines a country’s core digital competencies.From a holistic perspective of corporate organization,industrial organization and innovation system,this study has identified the unique organizational structure for digital innovation in China by comparing organizational structures for digital and non-digital innovations.In terms of corporate organization,Chinese companies have intensified internal competition and cooperation to incentivize digital innovation in areas with mid-and short-term goals of profitability.In terms of industrial organization,multi-platform enterprises and diverse use cases may enhance economies of range and multi-path exploration of digital innovation.In terms of innovation system,administrative intervention in specific domains of the digital economy may help to shape expectations of innovation entities and coordinate their behaviors.

Communication error prevention model in industrial organization

In this study,the communication error generation mechanism was analyzed from the view of human's psychological trait and organizational behavior,based on the basic process of communication,and the individual factors and organizational factors which cause communication errors were examined.Communication error doesn't just say that there was just a slip in transport of information(misinformation),the behavior which information wasn't conveyed or which couldn't be transported is also included(non-information). To prevent communication error,it's necessary to consider from the individual personal level and the organizational level based on a process of communication. The model to prevent communication error in the industrial organization was tried to propose by this consideration. In recent years,the trouble and accident by nonverbal communication which doesn't depend on language often generate at a work site. It should be considered as future's problem how to prevent such communication error,based on the environment of the work site and the situation.

The Construction of Intensive and Organized Agricultural Industrialization Model with Farmers as the Main Body

The current agricultural conflicts of China are analyzed and the forms and drawbacks of current agricultural industrial structure are listed.The situations for intensifying the farmland with appropriate scale are analyzed from the aspects of policy,farmers,farms and modernization of agriculture.It is pointed out that the situations for the intensive use of land are becoming mature.Taking the single pig-breeding chain as an example,the agricultural industrialization model,which takes farmers as the main body,is expounded.Besides,its functions and significance in solving "the three agriculture problems" and facilitating the modernization of agriculture are discussed.

深化职业教育产教融合的关键是实现跨界组织实体化运作

深化产教融合是职业教育实现高质量发展的核心举措。改革开放以来,我国职业教育产教融合在政策牵引和实践演绎的相互作用下,展现了由松散到紧密、由浅层次到深层次的演变历程。但长期以来,产教“融而不合”、校企“跨而不实”的现实困境始终难以破题。伴随市域产教联合体、行业产教融合共同体等新型产教跨界组织的产生与发展,以制度突破为基本前提,推进跨界组织的实体化运作成为深化职业教育产教融合的关键。而实现这一点,需要跨界组织具有符合实际的组织结构、发挥实效的主导权力、约束有力的职责分工、稳定的利益共享机制、有效的激励保障政策,也需要多方主体协同有效的共建共治。

中国生物肥料与有机肥料研究三十年:回顾与展望

生物肥料与有机肥料是环境友好的绿色肥料,在培肥耕地、改良土壤、提高农产品品质中发挥重要作用,是支撑农业绿色发展、保障国家粮食安全的重要投入品。自20世纪中叶,我国化肥工业的快速发展为促进粮食持续增产提供了充足的无机养分;到20世纪90年代,我国肥料投入中化肥占比达到最高,有机肥料等的施用相应降至最低。对化肥的依赖导致了耕地质量退化、农田环境污染、农产品质量下降等一系列问题,严重影响了我国耕地的可持续利用和农业可持续发展,因此我国加大了对生物肥料与有机肥料的研究。三十年来,我国生物肥料与有机肥料在基础研究、应用研究和产业化方面都取得了日新月异的进展。我国的生物肥料研究从最初的根瘤菌等固氮功能逐步扩展到溶磷解钾等活化养分功能,进一步发展到消减土壤障碍与增强作物抗逆等非养分功能;从单一菌种发展到多菌种及合成菌群,产品类型从单纯的菌剂发展到生物有机肥和复合微生物肥料,产业规模和技术水平显著提升。有机肥料研究从关注堆肥过程中的有机养分转化到提高堆肥效率的技术工艺和有害因子的消除与阻控等。近年来,在“双碳”战略背景下,清洁低碳堆肥以及通过施用有机肥快速提升土壤有机质、增加土壤固碳成为新的研究热点。本文对过去三十年我国生物肥料与有机肥料研究重点、代表性成绩、产业化路径等进行了全面回顾和总结,新形势下国家农业发展重大战略需求以及科技的突破仍将支撑生物肥料和有机肥的快速发展,由此提出了未来的一些研究重点。

农业产业化联合体:理论机制及发展趋势

农业产业化联合体是近年来兴起的一种以分工协作为前提,以规模经营为依托,以利益联结为纽带的新型农业产业化组织。但由于发展时间短和组织形态特殊等原因,理论研究和实践探索对农业产业化联合体性质的认识和发展规律的把握尚不清晰。笔者通过对农业产业化联合体组织特征、运行机制、功能作用及发展趋势的剖析认为,农业产业化联合体是具有联盟性质的合作经济组织,其成员异质性程度高,组织架构呈现立体式,治理方式具有关系保障+章程管理+合约约束的多元重叠特征。相较于其他农业产业化组织,农业产业化联合体内部主体联结更为紧密,要素流通效率更高,创新机制更容易与新模式、新技术、新业态相结合,在保障粮食安全、提高食品质量安全水平、推动农业发展方式绿色化转型、促进乡村兴旺和实现共同富裕等方面具有独特功能。针对当前农业产业化联合体发展状况,政府应重点在法人地位落实、小农户偏向机制和针对性政策扶持等方面进一步完善相关法规,以促进农业产业化联合体更好服务农业现代化建设。