Heavy use of conventional fertilizers can lead to negative environmental concerns.Controlled-release fertilizers(CRFs)can effectively reduce the amounts of fertilizers used,improve the availability of fer-tilizers,and...Heavy use of conventional fertilizers can lead to negative environmental concerns.Controlled-release fertilizers(CRFs)can effectively reduce the amounts of fertilizers used,improve the availability of fer-tilizers,and which is conducive to the protection of the ecological environment and sustainable devel-opment of agriculture.Therefore,it is imperative to develop and use CRFs as an alternative to traditional fertilizers.This review aims to present the classification,raw material composition,benefits,release process,release mode,and manufacturing methods of fertilizers coated with organic-inorganic com-posite membranes(OICMs)in order to provide an overall update and summarize CRFs encapsulated by OICMs and provide an insight for future trends in the field of fertilizers.It is expected that utilizing CRFs encapsulated by OICMs and their characteristics for agricultural applications can provide innovative ideas and suggestions for developing novel CRFs suitable for modern and sustainable agriculture.展开更多
Compared with traditional aluminum salts, polyaluminum chloride （PACI） has better coagulation-flocculation performance in turbidity removal. However, it is still inferior to organic polymers in terms of bridging fun...Compared with traditional aluminum salts, polyaluminum chloride （PACI） has better coagulation-flocculation performance in turbidity removal. However, it is still inferior to organic polymers in terms of bridging function. In order to improve the aggregating property of PACl, different composite PACl flocculants were prepared with various organic polymers. The effect of organic polymer on the distribution or Al（Ⅲ） species in composite flocculants was studied using ^27TAl NMR and Al-ferron complexation methods. The charge neutralization and surface adsorption characteristics of composite flocculants were also investigated. Jar tests were conducted to evaluate the turbidity removal efficacy of organic polymer modified composite flocculants. The study shows that cationic polymer and anionic polymer have significant influences on the coagulation-flocculation behaviors of PACl. Both cationic and anionic polymers can improve the turbidity removal performancc of PACl but the mechanisms arc much different： cationic organic polymer mainly increases the charge neutralization ability, but anionic polymer mainly enhances the bridging function.展开更多
A two new hybrid “organic-inorganic” composite ion exchangers (SAM and FAM), was synthesized by the combination of inorganic ion exchanger tin (IV) silicate and tin (IV) antimonate respectively with organic polymer ...A two new hybrid “organic-inorganic” composite ion exchangers (SAM and FAM), was synthesized by the combination of inorganic ion exchanger tin (IV) silicate and tin (IV) antimonate respectively with organic polymer polyacrylamide (PAm). The sorption isotherms for Cs+, Co2+, Sr2+ and Cd2+ ions on composite ion exchanger were investigated in the range (0.0005 - 0.01M) at different reaction temperature (30℃, 45℃ and 60℃ ± 1℃). The sorption data were subjected to different sorption isotherms and the results verified that Langmuir isotherm is the best model to be applied, and the monolayer sorption capacity were calculated and was found to increase as the reaction temperature increases.展开更多
Transparent photoresists with a high refractive index(RI)and high transmittance in visible wavelengths have promising functionalities in optical fields.This work reports a kind of tunable optical material composed of ...Transparent photoresists with a high refractive index(RI)and high transmittance in visible wavelengths have promising functionalities in optical fields.This work reports a kind of tunable optical material composed of titanium dioxide nanoparticles embedded in acrylic resin with a high RI for ultraviolet(UV)-imprint lithography.The hybrid film exhibits a tunable RI of up to 1.67(589 nm)after being cured by UV light,while maintaining both a high transparency of over 98%in the visible light range and a low haze of less than 0.05%.The precision machining of optical microstructures can be imprinted easily and efficiently using the hybrid resin,which acts as a light guide plate(LGP)to guide the light from the side to the top in order to conserve the energy of the display device.These preliminary studies based on both laboratory and commercial experiments pave the way for exploiting the unparalleled optical properties of nanocomposite resins and promoting their industrial application.展开更多
Despite the engineering potential by the co-existence of inorganic and organic substances to protect vulnerable metallic materials from corrosive environments,both their interaction and in-situ formation mechanism to ...Despite the engineering potential by the co-existence of inorganic and organic substances to protect vulnerable metallic materials from corrosive environments,both their interaction and in-situ formation mechanism to induce the nature-inspired composite remained less understood.The present work used three distinctive mercaptobenzazole(MB)compounds working as corrosion inhibitors,such as 2-mercaptobenzoxazole(MBO),2-mercaptobenzothiazole(MBT),and 2-mercaptobenzimidazole(MBI)in a bid to understand how the geometrical structure arising from O,S,and N atoms affected the interaction toward inorganic layer.MB compounds that were used here to control the corrosion kinetics would be interacted readily with the pre-existing MgO layer fabricated by plasma electrolysis.This phenomenon triggered the nucleation of the root network since MB compounds were seen to be adsorbed actively on the defective surface through the active sites in MB compound.Then,the molecule with twin donor atoms adjacent to the mercapto-sites affected the facile growth of the grass-like structures with‘uniform’distribution via molecular self-assembly,which showed better corrosion performance than those with having dissimilar donor atoms with the inhibition efficiency(η)of 97%approximately.The formation mechanism underlying nucleation and growth behavior of MB molecule was discussed concerning the theoretical calculation of density functional theory.展开更多
A new inorganic polymer flocculant-PZFSiC (zinc-iron-silicate polymer composite) is prepared by adding acid into a high modulus solution of water glass and introducing appropriate metallic ions(M) including Zn and Fe....A new inorganic polymer flocculant-PZFSiC (zinc-iron-silicate polymer composite) is prepared by adding acid into a high modulus solution of water glass and introducing appropriate metallic ions(M) including Zn and Fe. The influence on flocculability of factors such as the mole ratios of M to SiO2,stirring time and pH are discussed .And the optimal preparing technical parameters are obtained by orthogonal tests. The optimum technical conditions of flocculation are determined. The result shows that when less PZFSiC is added into troubled water or waste water, turbidity removal can hit 98%, COD removal can exceed 93%. The water sample treated is clear and of good quality. These results also indicate that PZFSiC is a highly effective, nontoxic and benign to the enviroment.展开更多
Organic dyes based hybrid organic-inorganic luminescent nanomaterials with high quantum efficiency, good physical or chemical stability, and favorable biocompatibility, have attracted growing attention recently becaus...Organic dyes based hybrid organic-inorganic luminescent nanomaterials with high quantum efficiency, good physical or chemical stability, and favorable biocompatibility, have attracted growing attention recently because of their important applications in the areas of biomedical imaging, chemical sensors, and light-emitting diodes(LEDs). Nevertheless, conventional fluorescence molecules suffer from aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ) when they are doped into inorganic nanomaterials. Aggregation-induced emission(AIE) is an abnormal and intriguing fluorescent phenomenon that has aroused increasing interest for various applications especially in biomedical fields. Compared with conventional organic dyes, the AIE-active molecules will emit more intense fluorescence in their aggregates or solid states. It provides an elegant route to overcome the drawbacks of conventional organic molecules. Over the past few decades, the fabrication and surface modification of various organic-inorganic luminescent composites doped with AIE-active molecules have been reported. Therefore, it is highly desirable to summarize these advances. In this review, recent advances and progress in constructing various AIEgens-doped organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposites and their subsequent surface modification were summarized. We hope this review could further promote the research of AIE-active functional materials.展开更多
By using polyaluminum chloride (PAC), chitosan (CTS) and montmorillonite (MM) as the main raw materials, a novel tap water flocculant had been prepared. The optimal mass proportion of this flocculant was 1 g·L–1...By using polyaluminum chloride (PAC), chitosan (CTS) and montmorillonite (MM) as the main raw materials, a novel tap water flocculant had been prepared. The optimal mass proportion of this flocculant was 1 g·L–1 chitosan:50 g·L–1 PAC:3g·L–1 MM = 30:11:7. Compared with the traditional polyaluminum chloride (PAC), the concentration of aluminum ion (Al3+) and suspended solids (SS) in the exit dropped 66.19% and 5.80% respectively, moreover, the cost was decreased by 9.95%. This flocculant was not only cheaper, but also provided improved flocculating function compared with traditional flocculant. The concentration of Al3+ in exit water was decreased greatly so the drinking water would be much safer.展开更多
A kind of environmental friendly novel composite flocculants which are used to treat raw water is prepared. It is made with chitosan (CS), iron modified polyaluminium chloride (CF-PAC) and modified montmorillonite on ...A kind of environmental friendly novel composite flocculants which are used to treat raw water is prepared. It is made with chitosan (CS), iron modified polyaluminium chloride (CF-PAC) and modified montmorillonite on the principle of “the combination of organic and inorganic”. Under the optimum best compound formula and flocculation process, the turbidity of the waste water reduced by 0.62%, the chemical cost decreased by 12.43% and the content of aluminium ions dropped by 70.65%. There is an excellent characteristic and higher efficiency on the composite flocculant which can adsorb the organic matter in the water and chelate the heavy metal ions in the water.展开更多
This work investigates coag-flocculation optimization treatment of alum-brewery effluent system via response surface methodology (RSM). To minimize suspended and dissolved particles (SDP), experiments were carried out...This work investigates coag-flocculation optimization treatment of alum-brewery effluent system via response surface methodology (RSM). To minimize suspended and dissolved particles (SDP), experiments were carried out using nephelometric jar test and 23-factorial design with three star-points, six-center-points and two replications. A central composite design, which is the standard design of RSM, was used to evaluate the effects and interactions of three major factors (coagulation pH, coagulant dosage, settling time) on the treatment efficiency. Multivariable quadratic model developed for the response studied indicates the optimum conditions to be 9, 500mg/l and 20minutes for coagulation pH, coagulant dosage and settling time, respectively. At optimum, the SDP was reduced from 10831.490mg/l to 801.451mg/l, representing 92.601% removal efficiency. RSM has demonstrated to be appropriate approach for the optimization of the coag-flocculation process by statistical evaluation.展开更多
基金funded by the Key Project of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province,China(grant No.20220203079SF)Independent Research Project in 2020 of State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials(grant No.CXKT202008).
文摘Heavy use of conventional fertilizers can lead to negative environmental concerns.Controlled-release fertilizers(CRFs)can effectively reduce the amounts of fertilizers used,improve the availability of fer-tilizers,and which is conducive to the protection of the ecological environment and sustainable devel-opment of agriculture.Therefore,it is imperative to develop and use CRFs as an alternative to traditional fertilizers.This review aims to present the classification,raw material composition,benefits,release process,release mode,and manufacturing methods of fertilizers coated with organic-inorganic com-posite membranes(OICMs)in order to provide an overall update and summarize CRFs encapsulated by OICMs and provide an insight for future trends in the field of fertilizers.It is expected that utilizing CRFs encapsulated by OICMs and their characteristics for agricultural applications can provide innovative ideas and suggestions for developing novel CRFs suitable for modern and sustainable agriculture.
文摘Compared with traditional aluminum salts, polyaluminum chloride （PACI） has better coagulation-flocculation performance in turbidity removal. However, it is still inferior to organic polymers in terms of bridging function. In order to improve the aggregating property of PACl, different composite PACl flocculants were prepared with various organic polymers. The effect of organic polymer on the distribution or Al（Ⅲ） species in composite flocculants was studied using ^27TAl NMR and Al-ferron complexation methods. The charge neutralization and surface adsorption characteristics of composite flocculants were also investigated. Jar tests were conducted to evaluate the turbidity removal efficacy of organic polymer modified composite flocculants. The study shows that cationic polymer and anionic polymer have significant influences on the coagulation-flocculation behaviors of PACl. Both cationic and anionic polymers can improve the turbidity removal performancc of PACl but the mechanisms arc much different： cationic organic polymer mainly increases the charge neutralization ability, but anionic polymer mainly enhances the bridging function.
文摘A two new hybrid “organic-inorganic” composite ion exchangers (SAM and FAM), was synthesized by the combination of inorganic ion exchanger tin (IV) silicate and tin (IV) antimonate respectively with organic polymer polyacrylamide (PAm). The sorption isotherms for Cs+, Co2+, Sr2+ and Cd2+ ions on composite ion exchanger were investigated in the range (0.0005 - 0.01M) at different reaction temperature (30℃, 45℃ and 60℃ ± 1℃). The sorption data were subjected to different sorption isotherms and the results verified that Langmuir isotherm is the best model to be applied, and the monolayer sorption capacity were calculated and was found to increase as the reaction temperature increases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22288102 and 22278027).
文摘Transparent photoresists with a high refractive index(RI)and high transmittance in visible wavelengths have promising functionalities in optical fields.This work reports a kind of tunable optical material composed of titanium dioxide nanoparticles embedded in acrylic resin with a high RI for ultraviolet(UV)-imprint lithography.The hybrid film exhibits a tunable RI of up to 1.67(589 nm)after being cured by UV light,while maintaining both a high transparency of over 98%in the visible light range and a low haze of less than 0.05%.The precision machining of optical microstructures can be imprinted easily and efficiently using the hybrid resin,which acts as a light guide plate(LGP)to guide the light from the side to the top in order to conserve the energy of the display device.These preliminary studies based on both laboratory and commercial experiments pave the way for exploiting the unparalleled optical properties of nanocomposite resins and promoting their industrial application.
基金supported by the Fundamental-Core National Project of the National Research Foundation(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT,Republic of Korea with the grant number 2022R1F1A1072739.
文摘Despite the engineering potential by the co-existence of inorganic and organic substances to protect vulnerable metallic materials from corrosive environments,both their interaction and in-situ formation mechanism to induce the nature-inspired composite remained less understood.The present work used three distinctive mercaptobenzazole(MB)compounds working as corrosion inhibitors,such as 2-mercaptobenzoxazole(MBO),2-mercaptobenzothiazole(MBT),and 2-mercaptobenzimidazole(MBI)in a bid to understand how the geometrical structure arising from O,S,and N atoms affected the interaction toward inorganic layer.MB compounds that were used here to control the corrosion kinetics would be interacted readily with the pre-existing MgO layer fabricated by plasma electrolysis.This phenomenon triggered the nucleation of the root network since MB compounds were seen to be adsorbed actively on the defective surface through the active sites in MB compound.Then,the molecule with twin donor atoms adjacent to the mercapto-sites affected the facile growth of the grass-like structures with‘uniform’distribution via molecular self-assembly,which showed better corrosion performance than those with having dissimilar donor atoms with the inhibition efficiency(η)of 97%approximately.The formation mechanism underlying nucleation and growth behavior of MB molecule was discussed concerning the theoretical calculation of density functional theory.
文摘A new inorganic polymer flocculant-PZFSiC (zinc-iron-silicate polymer composite) is prepared by adding acid into a high modulus solution of water glass and introducing appropriate metallic ions(M) including Zn and Fe. The influence on flocculability of factors such as the mole ratios of M to SiO2,stirring time and pH are discussed .And the optimal preparing technical parameters are obtained by orthogonal tests. The optimum technical conditions of flocculation are determined. The result shows that when less PZFSiC is added into troubled water or waste water, turbidity removal can hit 98%, COD removal can exceed 93%. The water sample treated is clear and of good quality. These results also indicate that PZFSiC is a highly effective, nontoxic and benign to the enviroment.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21564006, 21561022, 21644014, 21788102, and 21865016)
文摘Organic dyes based hybrid organic-inorganic luminescent nanomaterials with high quantum efficiency, good physical or chemical stability, and favorable biocompatibility, have attracted growing attention recently because of their important applications in the areas of biomedical imaging, chemical sensors, and light-emitting diodes(LEDs). Nevertheless, conventional fluorescence molecules suffer from aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ) when they are doped into inorganic nanomaterials. Aggregation-induced emission(AIE) is an abnormal and intriguing fluorescent phenomenon that has aroused increasing interest for various applications especially in biomedical fields. Compared with conventional organic dyes, the AIE-active molecules will emit more intense fluorescence in their aggregates or solid states. It provides an elegant route to overcome the drawbacks of conventional organic molecules. Over the past few decades, the fabrication and surface modification of various organic-inorganic luminescent composites doped with AIE-active molecules have been reported. Therefore, it is highly desirable to summarize these advances. In this review, recent advances and progress in constructing various AIEgens-doped organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposites and their subsequent surface modification were summarized. We hope this review could further promote the research of AIE-active functional materials.
文摘By using polyaluminum chloride (PAC), chitosan (CTS) and montmorillonite (MM) as the main raw materials, a novel tap water flocculant had been prepared. The optimal mass proportion of this flocculant was 1 g·L–1 chitosan:50 g·L–1 PAC:3g·L–1 MM = 30:11:7. Compared with the traditional polyaluminum chloride (PAC), the concentration of aluminum ion (Al3+) and suspended solids (SS) in the exit dropped 66.19% and 5.80% respectively, moreover, the cost was decreased by 9.95%. This flocculant was not only cheaper, but also provided improved flocculating function compared with traditional flocculant. The concentration of Al3+ in exit water was decreased greatly so the drinking water would be much safer.
文摘A kind of environmental friendly novel composite flocculants which are used to treat raw water is prepared. It is made with chitosan (CS), iron modified polyaluminium chloride (CF-PAC) and modified montmorillonite on the principle of “the combination of organic and inorganic”. Under the optimum best compound formula and flocculation process, the turbidity of the waste water reduced by 0.62%, the chemical cost decreased by 12.43% and the content of aluminium ions dropped by 70.65%. There is an excellent characteristic and higher efficiency on the composite flocculant which can adsorb the organic matter in the water and chelate the heavy metal ions in the water.
文摘This work investigates coag-flocculation optimization treatment of alum-brewery effluent system via response surface methodology (RSM). To minimize suspended and dissolved particles (SDP), experiments were carried out using nephelometric jar test and 23-factorial design with three star-points, six-center-points and two replications. A central composite design, which is the standard design of RSM, was used to evaluate the effects and interactions of three major factors (coagulation pH, coagulant dosage, settling time) on the treatment efficiency. Multivariable quadratic model developed for the response studied indicates the optimum conditions to be 9, 500mg/l and 20minutes for coagulation pH, coagulant dosage and settling time, respectively. At optimum, the SDP was reduced from 10831.490mg/l to 801.451mg/l, representing 92.601% removal efficiency. RSM has demonstrated to be appropriate approach for the optimization of the coag-flocculation process by statistical evaluation.
