Wild Ornamental Plant Resources and Their Application to City Gardening in Hainan Province

This paper deals with the wild ornamental plant resources which are suitable for the application to gardening in Hainan Province and with the significance and the influencing factors in the application and extension of these resources to gardening. The strategies for the application of the wild ornamental plant resources have been established as the result of this research.

Functions and Application of Ornamental Aromatic Plants in Garden Landscaping

The application history of ornamental aromatic plants in garden landscaping both in China and abroad is introduced as well as their function and categories.The application form of the ornamental aromatic plants in garden landscaping is analyzed,and the application prospect is put forward.

Effect of LaCl_3 on Resistance and Absorptive Capacity to Formaldehyde of Indoor Ornamental Plants under Formaldehyde Stress

[Objective] This study aimed to determine the effect of rare earth biological regulator LaCl3 on the absorptive capacity to formaldehyde of four indoor ornamental plants, and to screen out the plant whose absorptive capacity to formaldehyde can be increased most greatly by LaCl3. [Method] Effect of LaCl3 on absorptive capacity to formaldehyde of four indoor ornamental plants was studied through fumigating in laboratory. Simultaneously, the indoor ornamental plant, which could significantly en- hance the degradation capacity of formaldehyde, was screened out to study the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of formaldehyde resistance. [Result] The ability to absorb formaldehyde of four indoor ornamental plants was enhanced by dif- ferent ranges after spraying with LaCl3 at suitable concentrations. The ability to ab- sorb formaldehyde of Hedera nepalensis var. sinensis, Chlorophytum comosum, Scindapsus aureun and Sansevieria trifasciata increased by 15.16%, 4.72%, 19.75% and 7.68%, respectively. In the four indoor ornamental plants, the capacity of S. au- reun to absorb formaldehyde was greatly improved by spraying LaCl3. When S. au- reun was stressed by formaldehyde, its chlorophyll content decreased by 39.87%, membrane permeability, MDA accumulation and POD activity increased by 8.17%, 56.92%, and 11.32%, respectively. However, compared the pre-spraying group with the no-spraying group under formaldehyde stress, chlorophyll content of S. aureun reduced less, membrane permeability and MDA cumulative both increased less, but POD activity increased more. [Conclusion] The formaldehyde absorption capacity of S. aureun was mostly improved after LaCl3 was sprayed.

Investigation and Analysis of Autumn and Winter Ornamental Landscape Plants in Kuitun City of Xinjiang

Through field investigation on autumn and winter ornamental landscape plants in representative main roads, residential areas and parks of Kuitun City and based on relevant materials, the disposition and landscaping of these plants were analyzed from the perspectives of plant species, ornamental characteristics and landscape creation. The result showed that autumn and winter landscape plants in Kuitun City were primarily evergreen coniferous and deciduous trees outstanding for their shapes and colors, and that landscape was created through different types of plant disposition. Especially colors of trunks, barks, leaves, winter buds and fruits' colors provided favorable conditions for appreciating plants in autumn and winter. Finally, suggestions were proposed according to the investigation and analysis of autumn and winter ornamental plants in Kuitun City, so as to provide reference for future construction and development of landscape plants.

Functions and Application Principles of Indoor Ornamental Plants

Characteristics,categories and functions of indoor ornamental plants were introduced in this study,and application principles were analyzed.

Introduction about Indigenous Ornamental Plant Resources in Tianzi Hill of Wuhan City and Application Suggestions

Through investigating wild ornamental plant resources in Tianzi Hill of Wuhan City, it is found that there are 127 indigenous plant species of 97 genera, 60 families, among which Sinojackia xylocarpa is the national rare and protected species. In this study, the distribution of wild ornamental plant resources and the ornamental characteristics of main ornamental plants in this region were analyzed, 13 species with outstanding ornamental characteristics and development value are described. Meanwhile, recommendations were put forward for the protection and utilization of indigenous ornamental plant resources in Tianzi Hill.

Study on Distribution and Ornamental Characteristics of Gentianaceae Plants in Guizhou Province

Through investigating Gentianaceae plant resources in Guizhou Province, collecting and identifying specimens, consulting relevant records and documents, Gentianaceae plant resources in Guizhou Province and their ornamental characteristics have been elaborated, and the ornamental species of Gentianaceae plants in this region were introduced.

Occurrence of Root-Knot and Reniform Nematodes in Ornamental Plants Grown in Aligarh Muslim University Campus, India

An extensive survey of about 50 ornamental plants growing in A.M.U. campus were carried out to find out the infection of root-knot (Meloidogyne spp.) and reniform nematodes (Rotylenchulus reniformis). Out of 50 species of ornamental plants studied, 29 species of these plants were found to be infected with root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and 15 species were infected with reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis). The highest percentage of infection of root-knot nematodes was observed in Impatiens balsamina (100%) and reniform nematode was observed in Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (56%). Among the Meloidogyne spp. the highest percentage of infection of M. incognita was observed in Pseuderanthemum atropurpureum (80%) whereas, the highest percentage of infection of M. javanica and M. arenaria was observed in Mirabilis jalapa (72%) and Celosis cristata (28%).

Micropropagation of Daylily(Hemerocallis fulva)from Crown-Tip Explants and Assessment of Somaclonal Variation of in Vitro-Propagated Plants Using SCoT Markers

Determination of the somaclonal variation of in vitro-propagated plants is crucial to determine the appropriate micropropagation protocol and growth regulators for commercial scale multiplication.In this research,nine multiplication media(MM)augmented with different concentrations of 6-benzyl adenine(BA),Kinetin(Kin),and Thidiazuron(TDZ),Three rooting media(RM)supplemented with three levels ofα-naphthalene acetic acid(NAA)and three types of soil mixtures(v/v);Coco peat/Vermiculite/Sand(CVS),Peat moss/Perlite/Sand(PPS)and Peat moss/Perlite(PP)were used in the micropropagation protocol of daylily plants.MM2 showed the maximum shoot length and the number of leaves,while MM9 showed the maximum number of shoots.The RM1 showed the maximum root length and the number of roots.During acclimatization,CVS,PPS,and PP soil mixture showed similar performance except the CVS mixture showed lower performance regarding plant height and diameter.The genetic fidelity of micropropagated plants was evaluated using Start Codon Targeted(SCoT)Markers.Six SCoT primers amplified 51 scorable bands with an approximate range from 146 bp to 1598 bp size.Thirty one out of 51 loci were presented in the mother plants.40 loci were polymorphic,11 were monomorphic and 7 were unique.The amplification patterns of the micropropagated plants demonstrated genetic integrity to the mother plant ranging from 84.32 to 47.06 and somaclonal variations ranging from 52.94 with 5 mg/l BA pathway to 15.68 with 1mg/l TDZ pathway,thus demonstrating that the homogeneity and the variation of the micropropagated plants affected by the type and the quantity of the plant growth regulator used during multiplication subcultures.This research can be successfully used for other ornamental and medicinal plants’bulk multiplication,germplasm conservation,and future genetic improvement.

不同氮磷钾水平对枫叶秋海棠观赏性状的影响

以具膨大茎基的枫叶秋海棠为试验材料,通过温室盆栽试验,考察不同氮磷钾水平对枫叶秋海棠观赏性状(茎基直径、生物量、株高、分枝数和开花数等)的影响,以期为枫叶秋海棠规范化栽培与生产的合理施肥提供理论依据。结果表明,与标准浓度NPK处理相比,缺氮、缺磷处理下枫叶秋海棠生长和各观赏性状指标均显著降低;提高氮、磷水平对枫叶秋海棠的茎基直径、茎基和地上部分生物量、株高、分枝数和开花数均有不同程度的促进作用,其中2NPK处理下,枫叶秋海棠的茎基直径、茎基生物量和开花数量等各项生长指标均高于其他处理。综上所述,不同氮磷钾水平对枫叶秋海棠观赏性状影响显著,在保证磷素供应的基础上提高氮素供给水平对维持枫叶秋海棠的健康生长和良好的观赏形态尤为重要。

“大思政”格局下研究生课程思政的探索与实践——以观赏植物类课程为例

在“大思政”格局下,针对研究生课程比例较低、学时较少的情况,以农科类专业观赏植物类课程为例,通过深度挖掘课程中花卉栽培历史、中国花文化、课程内容等与国家战略、文化自信、家国情怀、使命担当和学术精神等紧密相关的思政教育元素,改革教学方法、教学模式,利用线上、线下课程,于课前、课中、课后,课内、课外多途径拓展思政范围和教学路径,从而实现研究生教育的价值引领、知识传授与能力培养“三位一体”的培养目标。

保山市隆阳区观赏种子植物资源多样性研究

通过野外调查与文献查阅,整理得出保山市隆阳区观赏种子植物名录。结果表明,隆阳区观赏种子植物81科185属286种,其中裸子植物6科9属10种,被子植物75科176属276种,优势科为兰科、蔷薇科、木犀科、鸢尾科;按照生活型划分为乔木类33种、灌木类114种、草本类133种、藤本类6种;按观赏类型可分为观花类植物174种、观植株类植物130种、观果类植物32种、观叶类植物19种。旨在掌握隆阳区观赏种子植物资源应用现状,并对观赏种子植物资源保护与开发利用提出建议。

上海植物园重点观赏植物创新利用研究进展与展望

近30年来,上海植物园聚焦特色观赏植物种质创新研究,持续打造科研创新品牌,推动观赏植物种质资源可持续创新利用,在山茶、杜鹃花和鸢尾等重点类群的培育与推广上取得丰硕成果。总结上海植物园有关工作取得的成果,梳理相关研究领域存在的瓶颈问题。同时,基于国家植物园创建的时代背景,指出上海植物园种质创新工作重点发展方向,以此为下一步工作提供参考。

观赏植物NAC转录因子的研究进展

NAC转录因子家族在调节植物的生长发育中发挥着重要的作用,在模式植物、作物中已进行了大量研究,但是在观赏植物中的研究还缺乏系统性的梳理和探讨。本综述介绍了NAC转录因子的结构和分类,并梳理了2004-2023年NAC转录因子在观赏植物器官生长发育和胁迫响应上的生物学功能研究,其中观赏植物器官生长发育主要集中在叶缘形态建成、花器官发育、叶片衰老、花瓣衰老、种球休眠5个方面,胁迫响应则集中在干旱、盐、碱、冷、热等非生物胁迫,在生物胁迫中报道较少。最后,鉴于观赏植物NAC转录因子大部分都还停留在生物信息学分析以及表达模式分析等功能初探阶段,本文在结合观赏植物全基因组测序继续开展NAC转录因子鉴定研究、挖掘观赏植物中与模式植物存在不同作用机制的NAC转录因子、解析观赏植物NAC转录因子与其他转录因子间的调控网络、加快利用推进基因工程或编辑技术开展观赏植物的分子育种工作等4个方面,对未来NAC转录因子在观赏植物中的研究提出了展望。

湖南德夯风景名胜区野生观赏植物资源调查与评价

目的:全面调查德夯风景名胜区野生观赏植物资源物种组成,从生物学特性、观赏特性和利用潜力3个方面对野生观赏植物资源进行评价。方法:采用野外调查、标本采集鉴定及文献查阅方法,结合AHP层次分析法和熵权法,对该区野生观赏植物资源进行系统分析与评价。结果:该区共有野生观赏植物114科285属422种,其中含种数10种以上的优势科有蔷薇科、百合科、菊科、豆科、茜草科和忍冬科6科;含种数4种以上的优势属有冬青属(Ilex)、荚蒾属(Viburnum)、珍珠菜属(Lysimachia)、卷柏属(Selaginella)、蓼属(Polygonum)、榕属(Ficus)和山茶属(Camellia)7属;生活习性以木本为主;观赏部位以观花植物居多,园林用途中以独赏植物类占明显优势。根据评价值将野生观赏植物划分了5个等级,其中评价值>8.0观赏利用价值最高的I级有75种、评价值>7.0的II级有44种。结论:该区野生观赏植物资源丰富,但利用程度较低,应注重有效保护和合理开发。

昆明地区22种苦苣苔科植物引种综合评价

【目的】筛选在昆明地区适应性强、观赏价值高的苦苣苔科植物,为苦苣苔科植物开发、推广及新品种选育提供理论依据。【方法】基于保存率、长势、病虫害等7个指标对贵港报春苣苔、中华报春苣苔、长茎芒毛苣苔等22种苦苣苔科植物进行生长状况评价,并运用层次分析法(AHP)对22种苦苣苔科植物的花色、叶长、株型等17个指标进行观赏性状评价。【结果】生长状况评价方面,所有种类均能正常越冬并开花,其生长状况可被划分为5个等级,其中,生长优良(Ⅰ)、生长良好(Ⅱ)、生长一般(Ⅲ)和生长不良(Ⅳ)的种分别占总数的18.18%、27.27%、13.64%和40.91%,无全部死亡(Ⅴ)的种。观赏性状评价方面,在17个指标中花色、群体花期和花茎轴长占重要因素,花序繁密度、花筒长度、叶面斑纹、生长状况和株型因素次之。根据每个物种的综合评价分值,将22个苦苣苔科植物划分为3个等级:一级总分≥3.0,观赏性最强,包括贵港报春苣苔、中华报春苣苔等6个种;二级总分2.5~3.0,包括长柱报春苣苔、焰苞报春苣苔等12个种;三级总分≤2.5,包括冬花报春苣苔、龙氏报春苣苔等4个种。【结论】贵港报春苣苔、中华报春苣苔、长茎芒毛苣苔、烟叶报春苣苔、圆叶汉克苣苔和斑叶汉克苣苔6个一级种适宜在昆明地区引种应用;长柱报春苣苔、焰苞报春苣苔、齿叶吊石苣苔、柳江报春苣苔、爱子报春苣苔、川鄂粗筒苣苔等、黄花牛耳朵、河池报春苣苔和革叶光叶苣苔12个二级种要按实际需求选择性引种;冬花报春苣苔、龙氏报春苣苔、单座苣苔和紫花苣苔4个三级种不适合在昆明地区引种栽培。

葡萄风信子花序色彩公众喜好度评价

【目的】以17个种和栽培品种的葡萄风信子为材料,研究其花序色彩的公众喜好度。【方法】基于美景度评价法(SBE),采用网络问卷调查的形式,收集公众对葡萄风信子花序色彩的喜好度,并计算其SBE标准化值,提取影响公众喜好度的主要评价因子,建立评价模型。【结果】葡萄风信子花序色彩SBE值13个分值在0分以上,评价员对其表现较为普遍的积极态度(喜欢或很喜欢),不同性别、专业的评价员审美也具有相对一致性。经过向后(Backward)筛选因子建立模型:SBE=1.632+0.597X1-0.017X10+0.047X11-0.064X13。通过模型得到了影响葡萄风信子花序色彩公众喜好度的4个因子,分别为色彩鲜艳感(X_(1))、色相对比度(X_(10))、明度对比度(X_(11))和花序冠幅(X_(13)),这4个评价因子与公众喜好度呈极显著线性关系。各因子对葡萄风信子花序色彩公众喜好度的贡献率由大到小排序为:明度对比度>色彩鲜艳感>花序冠幅>色相对比度。【结论】葡萄风信子花序色彩的公众积极态度频率与SBE值均可体现公众喜好度变化趋势。SBE法适用于葡萄风信子花序的色彩评价,可以拓宽其应用领域。

观赏性富集植物修复土壤镉污染效果的对比研究

为探究观赏性镉(Cd)富集植物修复土壤Cd污染的效果,通过田间随机区组试验,在Cd浓度为2.5 mg·kg^(-1)的农田中分别种植孔雀草、忍冬、紫茉莉和万寿菊4种观赏植物,探究了不同观赏植物对Cd的吸收和富集特性.结果表明:不同观赏植物植株Cd含量和积累量表现为万寿菊>孔雀草>紫茉莉>忍冬;万寿菊和孔雀草地上部Cd含量和积累量大于地下部分,紫茉莉和忍冬地上部Cd含量和积累量小于地下部分;万寿菊的富集系数和转运系数最大,地上富集系数达到2.48、转运系数达到1.63,对重金属Cd具有最强的吸收和富集性.表明万寿菊在Cd污染的条件下具有较好的修复土壤Cd污染潜力和应用前景.

Quantity of plant leaf area on three major public squares in Kunming City, China

Regressive formulae to calculate the quantity of plant leaf area for 13 species of ornamental plants were set up based on investigation data of 30 species on 3 major public squares (Dongfeng square, Shengli square and Guandu square) in Kun-ming City, China, which were applied to calculate quantities of plant leaf area of these 13 species. The quantities of plant leaf area for the other 17 ornamental plant species on these squares were directly measured, and the total quantity of plant leaf area of each studied square was obtained individually. The results showed that the quantity of plant leaf area on Shengli square with ornamental plants structure composed of arbor tree species, shrub tree species and turf grass was highest among the three squares. It is believed that the design model of multi-storied vertical structure and proper tending of plant community could not only increase the quantity of plant leaf area, but also play an important role in generating ecological and landscaping benefits. Some corresponding suggestions were put forward on the basis of comprehensive analyses on the plant leaf area quantity of the three representative squares in Kunming urban area.

棱果花组培快繁体系建立

为建立棱果花(Barthea barthei)组培快繁体系,推动棱果花优良种质资源快速繁育进程,以棱果花优树茎段作为外植体,研究茎段木质化程度、叶片保留方式和灭菌时间及培养基对棱果花组培快繁的影响。结果表明,采用1/2MS+0.5 mg/L6-BA作为培养基,选择嫩枝作为外植体,棱果花茎段存活率最高(75.69%)。采用保留全叶方式,经75%酒精处理10 s,0.1%升汞灭菌5 min,棱果花茎段存活率最高(91.67%)。棱果花初代培养的最佳培养基为1/2MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA,萌芽率最高(83.33%)。棱果花增殖培养的最佳培养基为WPM+0.5 mg/L 6-BA,增殖系数最高(3.00)。棱果花生根培养的最佳培养基为1/2MS+1.0 mg/L IBA,生根率最高(95.24%)。棱果花移栽基质配方为椰糠∶泥炭土∶珍珠岩=3∶3∶1(V∶V∶V)时,成活率达85%。