Cryoablation of osteoid osteomas:Is it a valid treatment option?

BACKGROUND Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor with characteristic clinical symptomatology.The selected method for its treatment is percutaneous radiofrequency ablation.However,percutaneous cryoablation is an alternative method with certain advantages.AIM To evaluate percutaneous computed tomography(CT)-guided cryoablation for the treatment of osteoid osteoma in young patients and adults.METHODS A total of 25 patients were treated with percutaneous CT-guided cryoablation for osteoid osteomas between October 2020 and March 2023 at a single institution.All patients were above 14-years-old(mean age,24-years-old),and all procedures were performed under local anesthesia.Of the 25 patients,8 were female and 17 were male.Tumor sites included the femur(n=9),medial malleolus(n=4),sacral ala(n=4),facets(n=4),humerus(n=3),and tibia(n=1).One cryoprobe was used in each procedure and,when possible,the lesion was covered by the ice-ball using an extraosseous position without penetrating the nidus.All necessary thermal protective techniques were used depending on the anatomical structure at risk.RESULTS All patients treated had complete response(100%clinical success rate)starting on the day of the procedure.Technical success was achieved in all cases.Visual analog scale(VAS)scores at 1 year were 0,compared to a mean VAS score of 8.5±1(SD)before the procedure.No recurrences were reported at the 1-year follow-up and no complications were observed.In 11/25 cases,an extraosseous position of the cryoprobe was used with less procedural time achieving technical and clinical success and no complications with less patient discomfort.All patients were discharged from the hospital on the same day as the procedure.CONCLUSION Cryoablation of osteoid osteomas is an efficacious and safe procedure with durable clinical results.Its greatest advantage is that the procedure can be performed under local anesthesia using an extraosseous position of the cryoprobe when possible.

Recurred forehead osteoma disseminated after previous osteoma excision:A case report

BACKGROUND Forehead osteoma is a commonly encountered benign facial bone tumor.Endoscopic excision of benign forehead masses is widely performed.Here,we report a rare case of recurrent forehead osteoma that disseminated after a previous osteoma excision.CASE SUMMARY A 54-year-old female patient had previously undergone endoscopic removal of a single forehead osteoma at 30 years of age.However,she had a recurrent osteoma around the same site and underwent another endoscopic resection at 40 years of age.During her first visit to our outpatient clinic,she presented with a cobblestone-like irregular surface on the forehead and a 3D facial bone computed tomography scan revealed a widely ragged surface of the inoculated osteoma on the outer table of the frontal bone.Under general anesthesia,we performed a radical complete excision of the disseminated osteoma through a bicoronal incision using an osteotome,chisel,mallet,and rasping.We hypothesized that the recurrence may have been caused by the inoculation of residual osteoma remnants from the previous procedure.Craniofacial surgeons should be cautious when removing osteoma particles,particularly when using an endoscopic approach.CONCLUSION To prevent recurrence,it is essential to conduct additional meticulous burring and a thorough inspection of the surface after copious irrigation.

Osteoid Osteoma of the Second Metatarsal: An Exceptional Localization and Unusual Clinical Features

Osteoid osteoma of the foot can be difficult to diagnose, the clinical presentation may be mimicking other local pathologies leading to a considerable delay in diagnosis. We report an exceptional localization of osteoid osteoma in the second metatarsal in a 30-year-old patient, expressed for 3 years by metatarsalgia, with no clinical and radiological architecture defect of the foot. After discovering the nidus, the patient underwent surgical excision with an excellent outcome.

A New Technique to Remove Accurately Osteoid Osteomas Using Gamma Probe

Study design: Description of a technique through a case-series. Objective: To promote a technique by using a gamma probe that asses intraoperatively the adequacy of the lesion curettage through a minimal invasive procedure. Methods: Reviewing the technique steps through 4 cases of osteoid osteoma surgical removal. Results: Four patients diagnosed with osteoid osteoma and moved to surgical removal. During the operation, excision of the tumour was assessed by a gamma probe, avoiding leaving residual lesion in the field. Operating time was not prolonged, so as the cost of the operation was not increased. Conclusions: Surgical excision of osteoid osteoma in spine region is still the gold standard method. Avoiding recurrence of the lesion is important. The use of gamma probe is an effective and economic solution.

Managing the Mass Effect: A Rare Case of Giant Ethmoid Sinus Osteoma with Orbital Extension—A Case Report

Background: Sinonasalosteomas are rare benign tumors that can cause clinical symptoms depending on their size and location. Osteomas are classified as giant osteomas when their size gets larger than three centimeters. In giant osteomas, severe symptoms and complications can occur if they expand into adjacent structures. Aim: In this case report, we highlight the diagnostic importance of CT scans of paranasal sinuses in diagnosing osteomas and the superiority of endoscopic surgery over an open approach in removing these benign tumors. Case Presentation: We report a rare case of giant ethmoidosteoma with extension to intraorbital facilities in 19 years old female which was causing a mass effect on the orbital space and discuss the appropriate management. Conclusion: Ethmoid sinus osteoma is asymptomatic until it increases in size producing a pressure effect on the eyes and sinusitis. CT imaging is the gold standard diagnostic modality. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for ethmoid sinus osteoma. Due to the size of the lesion, endoscopic surgical excision is a less commonly employed modality, but it has advantages like earlier recovery and cosmetic benefits due to which it was the treatment employed in this case.

手术机器人引导经皮穿刺射频消融治疗骨样骨瘤

目的探讨骨科手术机器人辅助经皮射频消融治疗骨样骨瘤手术的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2021年6月至2023年4月武汉大学中南医院脊柱骨肿瘤科应用骨科手术机器人辅助经皮射频消融治疗骨样骨瘤10例患者的临床资料。其中,男6例,女4例;年龄8~33岁,平均20.8岁。术前所有患者均完善了X线、CT及MRI检查。肿瘤发病部位股骨颈4例、髋臼2例、股骨粗隆间1例、尺骨1例、胸椎椎板1例,第4掌骨1例。所有病例均采用骨科手术机器人进行术中三维扫描及规划,先利用骨活检针行穿刺活检,然后更换套筒,将射频针导入瘤巢,射频参数设置为90℃,时间6 min。采用疼痛视觉类比评分法(VAS)进行术前、术后疼痛评价。结果10例患者均获得平均16个月(5~26个月)的随访。全部病例均顺利完成骨科手术机器人引导下射频消融手术,9例患者术后组织病理学确诊为骨样骨瘤,1例因样本量少组织学无法诊断。患者术后疼痛即刻缓解,术前VAS评分为(6.40±1.58)分,术后1 d、3个月的VAS评分分别为(2.40±1.35)分和(0.40±0.52)分,术前、术后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者围手术期均未出现伤口感染等并发症,平均住院时间为3.4 d。全部病例随访未见肿瘤复发和疼痛再现。结论经皮穿刺射频消融治疗骨样骨瘤具备简单、安全及有效的特点。骨科手术机器人导航技术的应用使术中定位更精确。

骨肉瘤中医核心病机分析

骨肉瘤(osteosarcoma,OS)作为恶性骨肿瘤,转移性高,治疗难度大,手段相对局限,而中医药在抗肿瘤方面具有一定的优势,分析不同患者的病机,是中医治疗的关键和特色,通过对古今文献的病机的总结分析,考虑其以肾虚为主,寒邪、血瘀、癌毒为标,虚实夹杂并对OS癌毒传舍、走注进行探析研究,以期为临床治疗提供思路。

机器人辅助与导航辅助治疗骨样骨瘤的回顾性队列研究

目的本研究旨在比较机器人辅助和导航辅助技术在骨样骨瘤治疗中的安全性和有效性,通过回顾性队列研究分析两种技术辅助下患者在手术时间、出血量、成功率、术后并发症及恢复情况等方面的差异。方法纳入2022年8月至2023年12月期间在首都医科大学附属北京积水潭医院接受机器人辅助或导航辅助治疗的64例骨样骨瘤患者(机器人辅助组,n=25;导航辅助组,n=39)。收集患者的年龄、性别、病灶部位、术前病灶大小、出血量、手术时间、随访时间、术前和出院前视觉模拟评分(Visual Analogue Score,VAS)、成功率等数据,进行描述性统计分析和比较分析。结果两组患者在年龄、性别、病灶部位、术前病灶大小、术前VAS评分和随访时间上差异无统计学意义。机器人辅助组的手术时间显著短于导航辅助组[(102.64±21.65)min vs(120.46±30.98)min,P=0.025]。机器人辅助组与导航辅助组出血量分别为[50(20,50)mL vs 50(20,100)mL],但两组间差异无统计学意义(P=0.287)。两组在出院前VAS评分变化上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗成功率均为100%。结论机器人辅助手术在骨样骨瘤治疗中具有显著的优势,尤其在手术时间和手术精度方面表现优越。未来的研究应进一步探索这两种技术的长期效果和经济性,以为临床实践提供更全面的指导。

以下肢皮肤骨瘤为首发症状的Albright综合征一例

患儿,女,1岁6个月。右下肢多发性皮下丘疹1年余。皮损组织病理示:表皮未见异常,真皮及皮下组织周围可见分化成熟的骨组织、骨细胞。小儿为低出生体重儿,生长发育障碍并伴有甲状旁腺素升高。诊断:Albright遗传性骨营养不良。

长骨皮质型骨样骨瘤的影像学表现与鉴别诊断

目的探讨长骨皮质型骨样骨瘤的影像学表现及其与骨母细胞瘤、迁延性灶性坏死性疲劳骨折及慢性皮质型骨髓炎的鉴别诊断。方法选取临床随诊或病理学证实的33例长骨皮质型骨样骨瘤患者的影像学资料,其中行X线平片检查18例,行CT检查26例,行MRI检查10例,其中增强MRI扫描2例。由2位资深影像科医师分别阅片。结果X线平片检查显示瘤巢14例、中央区钙化6例;CT检查显示瘤巢25例、中央区钙化22例;MRI检查显示瘤巢10例、中央区钙化8例。瘤巢呈圆形5个、卵圆形21个、枣核状7个。皮质“实性”增厚者8例,“皮质软化”性增厚者25例,3例皮质呈双翼征增厚,增厚的皮质或(和)骨质硬化区内出现“血管沟征”22例。结论长骨皮质型骨样骨瘤瘤巢多呈平行于骨干长轴的卵圆形或枣核状,瘤巢周围伴有特征性的皮质增厚、髓腔内反应性骨硬化、骨髓与软组织水肿,“皮质软化”征与“血管沟”征是长骨皮质型骨样骨瘤重要的影像学征象。

Gardner's syndrome:Genetic testing and colonoscopy are indicated in adolescents and young adults with cranial osteomas:A case report

We present a case of a 25-year-old female with diagnosed familial adenomatous polyposis and elevated carcinoembryonic antigen with negative family history. The suspicion of Gardner's syndrome was raised because extirpation of an osteoma of the left temporo-occipital region was made 10 years ago. Restorative procto-colectomy and ileal pouch anal anastomosis was made but histology delineated adenocarcinoma of the rectum (Dukes C stage). We conclude that cranial osteomas often precede gastrointestinal manifestations of familial adenomatous polyposis or Gardner's syndrome and such patients should be evaluated with genetic testing followed by colonoscopy if results are positive to prevent the development of colorectal carcinoma. If the diagnosis is positive all family members should be evaluated for familial adenomatous polyposis.

CT-guided radiofrequency ablation of osteoid osteoma in the long bones of the lower extremity

AIM:To present our initial experience with computed tomography guided radiofrequency ablation(RFA) of osteoid osteoma(OO) in our institution.METHODS:RFA was performed on eight patients(5 males and 3 females) with clinically and radiologically diagnosed OO(femoral neck,n = 4;femoral diaphysis,n = 2;tibial diaphysis,n = 1;fibular diaphysis,n = 1).Ablation was performed using an electrode with a 10-mm exposed tip for a total of 4-6 min at a targeted temperature of 90 degrees Celsius.No cooling system was used.The intervention was accepted as technically successful if the tip of the electrode could be placed within the center of the nidus.We defined clinical success as a disappearance within 2 wk after treatment of symptoms that had manifested at presentation.RESULTS:All procedures were technically successful.No major or immediate complications were observed.Clinical success was achieved in six of eight patients in the first procedure.A second procedure was performed for two patients who had recurrent or continued pain,and one of these cases was successfully treated.The overall rate of success was 87.5%(7/8).No complication was observed.CONCLUSION:Our preliminary results indicate a favorable success rate and no complications and are compatible with the previous reports of RFA of OO.

Middle ear osteoma causing Eustachian tube obstruction:A case report and literature review

Middle ear osteoma is an extremely rare benign tumor of the middle ear.Due to its very slow growth rate and benign nature,osteoma of the middle ear can be found incidentally without causing any symptoms.The most common clinical signs are conductive hearing loss,the sense of fullness in the ear,tinnitus,and otorrhea.Small-sized osteomas can be misdiagnosed as otosclerosis without showing any signs other than conductive hearing loss.When the mass becomes very large,and symptoms caused by the tumor increase,treatment also becomes difficult.In this paper,we report a case of middle ear osteoma causing conductive hearing loss and effusion due to the effect of pressure on the middle ear ossicles and the Eustachian tube.We also present a review of the pertinent literature.

Intradural osteomas:Report of two cases

BACKGROUND Intradural osteoma is very rarely located in the subdural or subarachnoid space.Unfortunately,intradural osteoma lacks specificity in clinical manifestations and imaging features and there is currently no consensus on its diagnosis method or treatment strategy.Moreover,the pathogenesis of osteoma without skull structure involvement remains unclear.CASE SUMMARY We describe two cases of intradural osteomas located in the subdural and subarachnoid spaces,respectively.The first case involved a 47-year-old woman who presented with a 3-year history of intermittent headache and dizziness.Intraoperatively,a bony hard mass was found in the left frontal area,attached to the inner surface of the dura mater and compressing the underlying arachnoid membrane and brain.The second case involved a 56-year-old woman who had an intracranial high-density lesion isolated under the right greater wing of the sphenoid.Intraoperatively,an arachnoid-covered bony tumor was found in the sylvian fissure.The pathological diagnosis for both patients was osteoma.CONCLUSION Surgery and pathological examination are required for diagnosis of intradural osteomas,and craniotomy is a safe and effective treatment.

Arthroscopic removal as an effective treatment option for intraarticular osteoid osteoma of the knee

BACKGROUND Intra-articular osteoid osteoma(iaOO)can be found in 5.2%up to 10%of cases.They may cause non-specific symptoms,mimicking degenerative or traumatic pathologies.If iaOO is left untreated,it may lead to severe muscle atrophy,tenderness,swelling,and limited range of motion.Therefore,surgical treatment is recommended.The main goal of surgical treatment is complete removal or destruction of iaOO.AIM To evaluate the efficiency of arthroscopic removal of iaOO of the knee in our cases and cases available in the literature.METHODS Analysis of available hospital records of four patients with iaOO of the knee treated by arthroscopic removal from August 2005 to December 2015 at our Department was performed.All patients had a diagnosis of iaOO confirmed by histopathologic analysis.Additional literature review of cases of iaOO of the knee available on PubMed and Google Scholar was made.All cases of iaOO of the knee treated by arthroscopic or arthroscopically assisted removal were reviewed in order to further evaluate the efficiency of the method.RESULTS The average age of patients included in our study was 23.2(range 16-37)years.The average duration of the symptoms prior to surgery was 14.2(range 6-24)months.All of the patients had persistent knee pain.Three patients reported worsening of pain during the night,while two reported worsening of pain during activity.Three patients reported alleviation of pain on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs),while one patient reported partial alleviation of pain on NSAIDs.No intraoperative complications were noted,and the postoperative period was uneventful in all patients.The patients reported immediate pain relief in the postoperative period.No recurrence of the disease was noted in any of the patients during the follow-up period of at least 24 mo.The literature review revealed 14 cases with an average age of 27.6(range 16-48)years and onset of symptoms 27.7(range 6-108)months prior to surgery,with recurrence of the disease noted in a single case.CONCLUSION Arthroscopic removal is an efficient treatment method that allows excision of iaOO that is neither insufficient nor excessive,thus avoiding disease recurrence while obtaining adequate material for histopathologic analysis.

Bilateral choroidal osteoma with unilateral polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy treated with conbercept

Dear Editor,Chorodial osteoma(CO) is a rare choroidal tumor characterized by the presence of mature bone tissue predominantly in the juxtapapillary or macularregion.CO mostly affects young healthy females in the second or third decades of life.It is unilateral in approximately 80%of cases[1],as patients have no obvious visual symptoms during the early stage of CO,and the growth of CO is slow.CO patients usually visit the eye clinic during the later stages of CO and have poor vision.Gradual decline in vision in CO patients is related to changes in retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)and photoreceptor atrophy.Choroidal neovascularization(CNV)and the resultant subretinal fluid and hemorrhage are the most frequent causes of sudden vision loss in CO[2].We report a rare case of bilateral CO with unilateral polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy(PCV)in a middle-aged male.

Osteoid osteoma of the elbow mimicking hemophilic arthropathy

A case of osteoid osteoma of the elbow in a patient with hemophilia A is described. This male patient presented with chronic and nocturnal pain of the left elbow which was alleviated with acetaminophen. Besides pain, he also complained of stiffness. Before these complaints, he had recurrent bleedings in the elbow because of hemophilia. A delayed diagnosis of osteoid osteoma in the proximal part of the left ulna was established by a bone scan and a multislice spiral computed tomography(CT) scan. The lesion was surgically removed under CT-guidance. The histopathological analyses did not show specific features of osteoid osteoma. Two months after the operation, the complaints decreased and the range of motion of the left elbow improved. A diagnosis of osteoid osteoma of the elbow should be considered in young adult patients with persistent elbow pain and histological confirmation is not always necessary.

3D Reconstruction with Spiral Computed Tomography in Choroidal Osteoma

Choroidal osteoma (CO) is a rare, ossifying benign tumor originated in the choroid that typically occurs in otherwise healthy young women (1,2). It is characterized by a yellowish, well demarcated lesion in the juxtapapillary or macular area. The diagnosis is clinical and can be confirmed with the use of fluorescein or indocyanine angiography, optical coherence tomography, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Choroidal neovascularization or subretinal fluid, the main causes for vision loss, can be treated with laser therapy, photodynamic therapy or intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy. We present a case of choroidal osteoma, showing the role of the high resolution 3D spiral computed tomography.

Osteoma of mastoid process obstructing external auditory canal: A case report

Objective: To discuss the surgical treatment of recurrent osteoma of the mastoid process of the temporal bone, that obstructed external auditory canal causing unilateral conductive hearing loss. Setting: The study was carried out in ENT Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo. Design: Retrospective review of a clinical case. Patient, Intervention and Result: We treated surgically with success a 14-year-old boy with osteoma of mastoid process, obstructing the external auditory canal of the left ear and causing conductive hearing loss. Axial and coronal computed tomography scans revealed an compact bone lesion that obstructed the canal. Complete removal of the lesion was achieved by a retroauricular approach. Conclusion: In order to achieve complete removal of the osteoma, drilling of the lesion must be performed not through the tumor, but around the osteoma, in the surrounding bone tissue.

Facial Asymmetry Caused by Mandibular Osteoma: Case Report

Osteoma is a benign tumor that often affects the maxillofacial region. It exhibits slow growth and remains asymptomatic for prolonged time and may cause facial asymmetry or functional disorders when it reaches vast proportions. When osteomalacia is diagnosed it is important to check about Gardner’s Syndrome because up to 90% of patients with this syndrome may present skeletal abnormalities and osteomas. The objective of this paper is to report a case of a 54-year-old woman that related an 8-year evolution of a volume increase in the face. Clinical examination showed facial asymmetry and presence of nodular lesion located in the left region of the mandibule, painless and hard on palpation. Panoramic radiography showed radiopaque image limited to the left mandibular body and angle, suggestive of osteoma. Gastrointestinal review was requested and discarded intestinal polyps and Gardner’s Syndrome. The patient was submitted to excisional biopsy and microscopic examination of the tumor that confirmed the diagnosis of osteoma. Osteoma needs special attention due to the possible association with malignant lesions intestine and also by psychological and functional problems, when it reaches great proportions.