The Fourth Plenary Session of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) closed in Beijing on September 18, with pledges to expand intra-Party democracy and resolutely fight corruption. A total o...The Fourth Plenary Session of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) closed in Beijing on September 18, with pledges to expand intra-Party democracy and resolutely fight corruption. A total of 194 full members and 163 alternate members of the committee, the Party’s top decision-making body, attended the four-day plenum, which was presided over by its Political Bureau. Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, delivered a work report at the meeting.展开更多
Ink freehand brushwork is the soul and the highest level of artistic spirit in art categories such as painting and sculpture.Sculpture art and Chinese ink painting art have their own commonalities.I attempted to inves...Ink freehand brushwork is the soul and the highest level of artistic spirit in art categories such as painting and sculpture.Sculpture art and Chinese ink painting art have their own commonalities.I attempted to investigate the stone carvings of Huo Qubing’s tomb in the Western Han Dynasty,combined with Tang Dynasty tomb carvings,which greatly helped me in the creation of Chinese ink painting art.I drew inspiration and nutrients from it,and realized what is art.What is the spirit of art?You can find the answer from it.展开更多
晚清天文学译著《谈天》原译自英国天文学名著Outlines of Astronomy.通过对译本《谈天》各版本的搜集整理和版本差异比较,理清了《谈天》的3个重要版本与其所依据的英文原本之间的对应关系,理顺了《谈天》各版本之间的继承关系,为该书...晚清天文学译著《谈天》原译自英国天文学名著Outlines of Astronomy.通过对译本《谈天》各版本的搜集整理和版本差异比较,理清了《谈天》的3个重要版本与其所依据的英文原本之间的对应关系,理顺了《谈天》各版本之间的继承关系,为该书中、英版本的内容比较研究及考察近代天文学在中国的传播提供了参考资料.展开更多
Based on the boundary condition of field engineering, numerical simulations of28 conditions of existing diffusers of 3 structure types were investigated by ComputationalFluid Dynamics software package, and there were ...Based on the boundary condition of field engineering, numerical simulations of28 conditions of existing diffusers of 3 structure types were investigated by ComputationalFluid Dynamics software package, and there were the problems of larger structure resistanceand lower diffusing efficiency of these diffusers by analysis of CFD results.Thestructure outlines of the energy-saving diffuser were constructed by the application ofstream function and potential function superimposing.On the basis of numerical simulationsof energy-saving diffusers of 5 area-enlarging ratios, structural resistances and diffusingefficiencies of 5 energy-saving diffusers were comparatively analyzed, and therange from 2.00 to 2.31 of the rational area-enlarging ratio of energy-saving diffusers wasderived.The optimization area-enlarging ratio of the energy-saving diffuser was presently2.28 through comparable analysis.From the above, the results show that the coefficient ofperformance of the energy-saving diffuser is better than 3 existing diffusers.展开更多
This paper investigates the purpose and the functions of buildings and their compatibility with Islamic culture and the environment. An analysis from ecological and environmental points of view is carried out. The cha...This paper investigates the purpose and the functions of buildings and their compatibility with Islamic culture and the environment. An analysis from ecological and environmental points of view is carried out. The challenge is how these traditional outlines can best fit the functions of the building and the facilities intended to be offered, and how the new building has satisfied the requirements of the traditional environment. The investigation also shows the increasing usage of modem design materials for the hospital, which does not offer sufficient heat insulation or reasonable lighting. Although the Mashiakhet Al Azhar and Dar E1 Eftaa establishments have completely different functions, their designs consider and recognize the environmental requirements and the historical background. The sites of the Mashiakhet Al Azhar and Dar E1 Eftaa compound have achieved complete harmony with the surrounding environment. The hospital may meet its utilitarian needs and functions, but lacks a general environmental and traditional balance with the whole district. However, functional and traditional aspects can be combined successfully at the same time.展开更多
Since cannon drum of agile shell-feeding system rotates frequently and intermittently, its motion must be steady. Outline of driving cam determines the motion of cannon drum, so it is necessary to select the proper ou...Since cannon drum of agile shell-feeding system rotates frequently and intermittently, its motion must be steady. Outline of driving cam determines the motion of cannon drum, so it is necessary to select the proper outline of cam. Through analysis of parabolic outline and cycloid outline of the cams, the outline that combines the two curves is obtained. According to the demand of production,the value of the outline is revised, and then the method of fitting curve is used to get the expression of the angle of cam and the displacement of the driven part. Through analyzing the motion of the cannon drum, it is suggested that the angle of the cam is proportion to the displacement of the driven part. The cam with the specially derived outline can move steadily.展开更多
The hard tissues of squid can provide important information for species identification. In this study, we used statolith and beak to identify three squid species including Uroteuthis duvaucelii, Loliolus beka, and U. ...The hard tissues of squid can provide important information for species identification. In this study, we used statolith and beak to identify three squid species including Uroteuthis duvaucelii, Loliolus beka, and U. edulis in the South China Sea. Because of the highly overlapping habitat and similar body morphology of the three squid species, we explored four different ways to identify them, by using statolith, upper beak, lower beak and a combination of statolith and beak. An outline geometric morphometric method and stepwise discriminant analysis were used to evaluate the most suitable method for the identification. We found that the combination of statolith and beak had the highest cross validation rate that was 75.0%, 87.5% and 88.7% for U. duvaucelii, L. beka and U. edulis, respectively. Using two beaks had similar results and the lowest cross validation rate was 60.0%, 50.0%, and 73.7% for the upper beak, 46.9%, 58.5% and 75.3% for the lower beak of U. duvaucelii, L. beka and U. edulis, respectively. Analyzing with the statolith had moderate cross validation which was 72.2%, 80.0%, and 87.7% for U. duvaucelii, L. beka and U. edulis, respectively. From the results it is suggested when the entire body of a squid is available, a combination of statolith and beak should be used for the identification. When only one hard tissue is available, species identification can be subjected to large errors.展开更多
Volume parameter is the basic content of a spatial body object morphology analysis.However,the challenge lies in the volume calculation of irregular objects.The point cloud slicing method proposed in this study effect...Volume parameter is the basic content of a spatial body object morphology analysis.However,the challenge lies in the volume calculation of irregular objects.The point cloud slicing method proposed in this study effectively works in calculating the volume of the point cloud of the spatial object obtained through three-dimensional laser scanning(3DLS).In this method,a uniformly spaced sequent slicing process is first conducted in a specific direction on the point cloud of the spatial object obtained through 3DLS.A series of discrete point cloud slices corresponding to the point cloud bodies are then obtained.Subsequently,the outline boundary polygon of the point cloud slicing is searched one by one in accordance with the slicing sequence and areas of the polygon.The point cloud slice is also calculated.Finally,the individual point cloud section volume is calculated through the slicing areas and the adjacent slicing gap.Thus,the total volume of the scanned spatial object can be calculated by summing up the individual volumes.According to the results and analysis of the calculated examples,the slice-based volume-calculating method for the point cloud of irregular objects obtained through 3DLS is correct,concise in process,reliable in results,efficient in calculation methods,and controllable on accuracy.This method comes as a good solution to the volume calculation of irregular objects.展开更多
On different occasions, you will face challenge in speaking. Good speaking can leave a favorable impression on the others. Exactly, trying to be a experienced speaker is a key to one's successful life or career. B...On different occasions, you will face challenge in speaking. Good speaking can leave a favorable impression on the others. Exactly, trying to be a experienced speaker is a key to one's successful life or career. But there are so many difficulties we would encounter in the process of speaking, thus how to develop a perfect speech is a sticking question for most of speakers. This article can help you to find ways to being a good speaker.展开更多
Log centering accuracy depends on the computerized simulative level of its three-dimension outline. In this paper, the basic methods about distinguishing three dimensions outline of log by means of computerized simula...Log centering accuracy depends on the computerized simulative level of its three-dimension outline. In this paper, the basic methods about distinguishing three dimensions outline of log by means of computerized simulation are discussed. It is suggested that straight lines or certain curves should be introduced to connect the separated points along some log generatrices. Taking bent logs for example verify the accuracy of computerized simulative method.展开更多
Objective: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging which reduces radiation exposure, is a promising technique for observing the inner structures of biological soft tissues without the aid of contrast agents. The present study in...Objective: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging which reduces radiation exposure, is a promising technique for observing the inner structures of biological soft tissues without the aid of contrast agents. The present study intends to depict blood vessels of rabbits and human livers with hard X-ray in-line outline imaging without contrast agents using synchrotron radiation. Methods: All samples were fixed with formalin and sliced into 6 mm sections. The imaging experiments were performed with Fuji-IX80 films on the 4W1A light beam of the first generation synchrotron radiation in Beijing, China. The device of the experiment, which supplies a maximum light spot size of 20×10 mm was similar to that of in-line holography. The photon energy was set at 8 KeV and high quality imagines were obtained by altering the distance between the sample and the film. Results: The trees of rabbit-liver blood vessels and the curved vessels of the cirrhotic human liver were revealed on the images, where vessels < 20 μm in diameter were differentiated. Conclusion: These results show that the blood vessels of liver samples can be revealed by using hard X-ray in-line outline imaging with the first generation synchrotron radiation without contrast agents.展开更多
Since the end of the Cold War, each US administration has promulgated its national space policy. In March 2018, the Trump administration published the outline of its National Space Strategy,1 which will not only resha...Since the end of the Cold War, each US administration has promulgated its national space policy. In March 2018, the Trump administration published the outline of its National Space Strategy,1 which will not only reshape American space technology and space economy, but also have an important impact on global space governance.展开更多
In 1986, China began to implement its Fast high-tech research and development programme, the 863 Programme. Its objective was to lay a solid foundation for the take-off of the national economy by the end of this centu...In 1986, China began to implement its Fast high-tech research and development programme, the 863 Programme. Its objective was to lay a solid foundation for the take-off of the national economy by the end of this century or the beginning of the next. After years of concerted efforts, the 863 Programme has made展开更多
1.This study is one of The Applied Economic Institutes Linkages Project(AERIL)which is funded by theCanadian International Development Agency(CIDA)and jiontly managed by The Conference Board of Canada(CBOC)and the Int...1.This study is one of The Applied Economic Institutes Linkages Project(AERIL)which is funded by theCanadian International Development Agency(CIDA)and jiontly managed by The Conference Board of Canada(CBOC)and the International Trade Research Institute in China.It is jointly implemented by the Institute ofEconomic Research of the Chinese State Planning Commission and the North—South Institute of Canada。展开更多
文摘The Fourth Plenary Session of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) closed in Beijing on September 18, with pledges to expand intra-Party democracy and resolutely fight corruption. A total of 194 full members and 163 alternate members of the committee, the Party’s top decision-making body, attended the four-day plenum, which was presided over by its Political Bureau. Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, delivered a work report at the meeting.
基金This article is part of the research results of the National Social Science Foundation’s major project in the field of art(Project number 21ZD12).
文摘Ink freehand brushwork is the soul and the highest level of artistic spirit in art categories such as painting and sculpture.Sculpture art and Chinese ink painting art have their own commonalities.I attempted to investigate the stone carvings of Huo Qubing’s tomb in the Western Han Dynasty,combined with Tang Dynasty tomb carvings,which greatly helped me in the creation of Chinese ink painting art.I drew inspiration and nutrients from it,and realized what is art.What is the spirit of art?You can find the answer from it.
文摘晚清天文学译著《谈天》原译自英国天文学名著Outlines of Astronomy.通过对译本《谈天》各版本的搜集整理和版本差异比较,理清了《谈天》的3个重要版本与其所依据的英文原本之间的对应关系,理顺了《谈天》各版本之间的继承关系,为该书中、英版本的内容比较研究及考察近代天文学在中国的传播提供了参考资料.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50974060)the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(09CY014)the Doctoral Fund of Hunan University of Science and Technology
文摘Based on the boundary condition of field engineering, numerical simulations of28 conditions of existing diffusers of 3 structure types were investigated by ComputationalFluid Dynamics software package, and there were the problems of larger structure resistanceand lower diffusing efficiency of these diffusers by analysis of CFD results.Thestructure outlines of the energy-saving diffuser were constructed by the application ofstream function and potential function superimposing.On the basis of numerical simulationsof energy-saving diffusers of 5 area-enlarging ratios, structural resistances and diffusingefficiencies of 5 energy-saving diffusers were comparatively analyzed, and therange from 2.00 to 2.31 of the rational area-enlarging ratio of energy-saving diffusers wasderived.The optimization area-enlarging ratio of the energy-saving diffuser was presently2.28 through comparable analysis.From the above, the results show that the coefficient ofperformance of the energy-saving diffuser is better than 3 existing diffusers.
文摘This paper investigates the purpose and the functions of buildings and their compatibility with Islamic culture and the environment. An analysis from ecological and environmental points of view is carried out. The challenge is how these traditional outlines can best fit the functions of the building and the facilities intended to be offered, and how the new building has satisfied the requirements of the traditional environment. The investigation also shows the increasing usage of modem design materials for the hospital, which does not offer sufficient heat insulation or reasonable lighting. Although the Mashiakhet Al Azhar and Dar E1 Eftaa establishments have completely different functions, their designs consider and recognize the environmental requirements and the historical background. The sites of the Mashiakhet Al Azhar and Dar E1 Eftaa compound have achieved complete harmony with the surrounding environment. The hospital may meet its utilitarian needs and functions, but lacks a general environmental and traditional balance with the whole district. However, functional and traditional aspects can be combined successfully at the same time.
文摘Since cannon drum of agile shell-feeding system rotates frequently and intermittently, its motion must be steady. Outline of driving cam determines the motion of cannon drum, so it is necessary to select the proper outline of cam. Through analysis of parabolic outline and cycloid outline of the cams, the outline that combines the two curves is obtained. According to the demand of production,the value of the outline is revised, and then the method of fitting curve is used to get the expression of the angle of cam and the displacement of the driven part. Through analyzing the motion of the cannon drum, it is suggested that the angle of the cam is proportion to the displacement of the driven part. The cam with the specially derived outline can move steadily.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. NSFC41476129)the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Fisheries Discipline)supported by Shanghai Ocean University International Center for Marine Studies and Shanghai 1000 Talents Program
文摘The hard tissues of squid can provide important information for species identification. In this study, we used statolith and beak to identify three squid species including Uroteuthis duvaucelii, Loliolus beka, and U. edulis in the South China Sea. Because of the highly overlapping habitat and similar body morphology of the three squid species, we explored four different ways to identify them, by using statolith, upper beak, lower beak and a combination of statolith and beak. An outline geometric morphometric method and stepwise discriminant analysis were used to evaluate the most suitable method for the identification. We found that the combination of statolith and beak had the highest cross validation rate that was 75.0%, 87.5% and 88.7% for U. duvaucelii, L. beka and U. edulis, respectively. Using two beaks had similar results and the lowest cross validation rate was 60.0%, 50.0%, and 73.7% for the upper beak, 46.9%, 58.5% and 75.3% for the lower beak of U. duvaucelii, L. beka and U. edulis, respectively. Analyzing with the statolith had moderate cross validation which was 72.2%, 80.0%, and 87.7% for U. duvaucelii, L. beka and U. edulis, respectively. From the results it is suggested when the entire body of a squid is available, a combination of statolith and beak should be used for the identification. When only one hard tissue is available, species identification can be subjected to large errors.
文摘Volume parameter is the basic content of a spatial body object morphology analysis.However,the challenge lies in the volume calculation of irregular objects.The point cloud slicing method proposed in this study effectively works in calculating the volume of the point cloud of the spatial object obtained through three-dimensional laser scanning(3DLS).In this method,a uniformly spaced sequent slicing process is first conducted in a specific direction on the point cloud of the spatial object obtained through 3DLS.A series of discrete point cloud slices corresponding to the point cloud bodies are then obtained.Subsequently,the outline boundary polygon of the point cloud slicing is searched one by one in accordance with the slicing sequence and areas of the polygon.The point cloud slice is also calculated.Finally,the individual point cloud section volume is calculated through the slicing areas and the adjacent slicing gap.Thus,the total volume of the scanned spatial object can be calculated by summing up the individual volumes.According to the results and analysis of the calculated examples,the slice-based volume-calculating method for the point cloud of irregular objects obtained through 3DLS is correct,concise in process,reliable in results,efficient in calculation methods,and controllable on accuracy.This method comes as a good solution to the volume calculation of irregular objects.
文摘On different occasions, you will face challenge in speaking. Good speaking can leave a favorable impression on the others. Exactly, trying to be a experienced speaker is a key to one's successful life or career. But there are so many difficulties we would encounter in the process of speaking, thus how to develop a perfect speech is a sticking question for most of speakers. This article can help you to find ways to being a good speaker.
文摘Log centering accuracy depends on the computerized simulative level of its three-dimension outline. In this paper, the basic methods about distinguishing three dimensions outline of log by means of computerized simulation are discussed. It is suggested that straight lines or certain curves should be introduced to connect the separated points along some log generatrices. Taking bent logs for example verify the accuracy of computerized simulative method.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10275087)Shanghai Optic Science Fund (022261023)Shanghai Natural Science Fund (02ZF14116)
文摘Objective: Phase-contrast X-ray imaging which reduces radiation exposure, is a promising technique for observing the inner structures of biological soft tissues without the aid of contrast agents. The present study intends to depict blood vessels of rabbits and human livers with hard X-ray in-line outline imaging without contrast agents using synchrotron radiation. Methods: All samples were fixed with formalin and sliced into 6 mm sections. The imaging experiments were performed with Fuji-IX80 films on the 4W1A light beam of the first generation synchrotron radiation in Beijing, China. The device of the experiment, which supplies a maximum light spot size of 20×10 mm was similar to that of in-line holography. The photon energy was set at 8 KeV and high quality imagines were obtained by altering the distance between the sample and the film. Results: The trees of rabbit-liver blood vessels and the curved vessels of the cirrhotic human liver were revealed on the images, where vessels < 20 μm in diameter were differentiated. Conclusion: These results show that the blood vessels of liver samples can be revealed by using hard X-ray in-line outline imaging with the first generation synchrotron radiation without contrast agents.
文摘Since the end of the Cold War, each US administration has promulgated its national space policy. In March 2018, the Trump administration published the outline of its National Space Strategy,1 which will not only reshape American space technology and space economy, but also have an important impact on global space governance.
文摘In 1986, China began to implement its Fast high-tech research and development programme, the 863 Programme. Its objective was to lay a solid foundation for the take-off of the national economy by the end of this century or the beginning of the next. After years of concerted efforts, the 863 Programme has made
文摘1.This study is one of The Applied Economic Institutes Linkages Project(AERIL)which is funded by theCanadian International Development Agency(CIDA)and jiontly managed by The Conference Board of Canada(CBOC)and the International Trade Research Institute in China.It is jointly implemented by the Institute ofEconomic Research of the Chinese State Planning Commission and the North—South Institute of Canada。