Since 2003, the Chinese Government has included land policy as an important component of macroeconomic policy. The present paper analyzes the impact of the expansion of construction land on economic growth in terms of...Since 2003, the Chinese Government has included land policy as an important component of macroeconomic policy. The present paper analyzes the impact of the expansion of construction land on economic growth in terms of the capital-output ratio. Using provincial panel data for China from 1999to 2005, we conclude that the excess expansion of China＇s construction land led to an increase in the capital-output ratio. Therefore, expanding construction land has made little contribution to economic growth. This paper argues that contractionary land policy does not deter high economic growth, and is a necessary condition for sustainable economic growth.展开更多
This paper proposes two kinds of nonlinear general integral controllers, that is, one is generic and another is practical, for a class of uncertain nonlinear system. By extending equal ratio gain technique to a canoni...This paper proposes two kinds of nonlinear general integral controllers, that is, one is generic and another is practical, for a class of uncertain nonlinear system. By extending equal ratio gain technique to a canonical interval system matrix and using Lyapunov method, theorems to ensure regionally as well as semi-globally asymptotic stability are established in terms of some bounded information. Moreover, for the practical nonlinear integral controller, a real time method to evaluate the equal ratio coefficient is proposed such that its value can be chosen moderately. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrated that not only nonlinear general integral control can effectively deal with the uncertain nonlinear system but also equal ratio gain technique is a powerful and practical tool to solve the control design problem of dynamics with the nonlinear and uncertain actions.展开更多
In conjunction with general integral control, and synthesizing Singular perturbation and Equal ratio gain techniques, this paper proposes a new control design technique, named Power ratio gain technique, and then by L...In conjunction with general integral control, and synthesizing Singular perturbation and Equal ratio gain techniques, this paper proposes a new control design technique, named Power ratio gain technique, and then by Lyapunov method, theorem to ensure regionally as well as semi-globally asymptotic stability is established in terms of some bounded information. The highlight point is that it not only inherits all the essences of Singular perturbation and Equal ratio gain techniques but also makes up for their shortcomings, and then the conservatism of control input can be improved by compromising the Power ratio coefficients. Theoretical analysis, design example and simulation results show that Power ratio gain technique is a simple, practical and powerful tool to deal with the uncertain nonlinear system.展开更多
This paper proposes an output feedback nonlinear general integral controller for a class of uncertain nonlinear system. By solving Lyapunov equation, we demonstrate a new proposition on Equal ratio gain technique. By ...This paper proposes an output feedback nonlinear general integral controller for a class of uncertain nonlinear system. By solving Lyapunov equation, we demonstrate a new proposition on Equal ratio gain technique. By using Equal ratio gain technique, Singular perturbation technique and Lyapunov method, theorem to ensure regionally as well as semi-globally exponential stability is established in terms of some bounded information. Moreover, a real time method to evaluate the ratio coefficients of controller and observer are proposed such that their values can be chosen moderately. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that not only output feedback nonlinear general integral control has the striking robustness but also the organic combination of Equal ratio gain technique and Singular perturbation technique constitutes a powerful tool to solve the output feedback control design problem of dynamics with the nonlinear and uncertain actions.展开更多
In this paper, we present a theoretical analysis of the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for eigen-space beamformers so as to investigate the performance degradation caused by large pointing error...In this paper, we present a theoretical analysis of the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for eigen-space beamformers so as to investigate the performance degradation caused by large pointing errors. For the sake of reducing such performance loss, a robust scheme, which consists of two cascaded signal processors, is proposed for adaptive beamformers. In the first stage, an algorithm possessing time efficiency is developed to adjust the direc-tion-of-arrival (DOA) estimate of the desired source. Based the achieved DOA estimate, the second stage provides an eigenspace beamformer combined with the spatial derivative constraints (SDC) to further mitigate the cancellation of the desired signal. Analysis and numerical results have been conducted to verify that the proposed scheme yields a better robustness against pointing errors than the conventional approaches.展开更多
为了进一步降低园区综合能源系统(park-level integrated energy system,PIES)碳排放量,优化热电联产(combined heat and power,CHP)机组出力的灵活性,提出一种考虑改进阶梯型碳交易和CHP热电灵活输出的PIES低碳经济调度策略。首先,将...为了进一步降低园区综合能源系统(park-level integrated energy system,PIES)碳排放量,优化热电联产(combined heat and power,CHP)机组出力的灵活性,提出一种考虑改进阶梯型碳交易和CHP热电灵活输出的PIES低碳经济调度策略。首先,将遗传算法与模糊控制相结合,设计一种遗传模糊碳交易参数优化器,从而对现有阶梯型碳交易机制进行改进,实现该机制参数的自适应变化;其次,在传统CHP中加入卡琳娜(Kalina)循环与电锅炉(electricboiler,EB),构造CHP热电灵活输出模型,以同时满足电、热负荷的不同需求;然后,提出一种柔性指标——电、热输出占比率,进而计算出电、热输出占比率区间,以衡量CHP运行灵活性;最后,将改进阶梯型碳交易机制和CHP热电灵活输出模型协同优化,以系统运行成本和碳交易成本之和最小为目标,构建PIES低碳经济优化模型。算例分析表明,所提策略可有效降低经济成本和碳排放量,同时还可扩展CHP灵活输出调节范围,能够为PIES低碳经济调度提供参考。展开更多
文摘Since 2003, the Chinese Government has included land policy as an important component of macroeconomic policy. The present paper analyzes the impact of the expansion of construction land on economic growth in terms of the capital-output ratio. Using provincial panel data for China from 1999to 2005, we conclude that the excess expansion of China＇s construction land led to an increase in the capital-output ratio. Therefore, expanding construction land has made little contribution to economic growth. This paper argues that contractionary land policy does not deter high economic growth, and is a necessary condition for sustainable economic growth.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China（60774010 10971256） Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province（BK2009083）+1 种基金 Program for Fundamental Research of Natural Sciences in Universities of Jiangsu Province（07KJB510114） Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China（ZR2009GM008 ZR2009AL014）
文摘This paper proposes two kinds of nonlinear general integral controllers, that is, one is generic and another is practical, for a class of uncertain nonlinear system. By extending equal ratio gain technique to a canonical interval system matrix and using Lyapunov method, theorems to ensure regionally as well as semi-globally asymptotic stability are established in terms of some bounded information. Moreover, for the practical nonlinear integral controller, a real time method to evaluate the equal ratio coefficient is proposed such that its value can be chosen moderately. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrated that not only nonlinear general integral control can effectively deal with the uncertain nonlinear system but also equal ratio gain technique is a powerful and practical tool to solve the control design problem of dynamics with the nonlinear and uncertain actions.
文摘In conjunction with general integral control, and synthesizing Singular perturbation and Equal ratio gain techniques, this paper proposes a new control design technique, named Power ratio gain technique, and then by Lyapunov method, theorem to ensure regionally as well as semi-globally asymptotic stability is established in terms of some bounded information. The highlight point is that it not only inherits all the essences of Singular perturbation and Equal ratio gain techniques but also makes up for their shortcomings, and then the conservatism of control input can be improved by compromising the Power ratio coefficients. Theoretical analysis, design example and simulation results show that Power ratio gain technique is a simple, practical and powerful tool to deal with the uncertain nonlinear system.
文摘This paper proposes an output feedback nonlinear general integral controller for a class of uncertain nonlinear system. By solving Lyapunov equation, we demonstrate a new proposition on Equal ratio gain technique. By using Equal ratio gain technique, Singular perturbation technique and Lyapunov method, theorem to ensure regionally as well as semi-globally exponential stability is established in terms of some bounded information. Moreover, a real time method to evaluate the ratio coefficients of controller and observer are proposed such that their values can be chosen moderately. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that not only output feedback nonlinear general integral control has the striking robustness but also the organic combination of Equal ratio gain technique and Singular perturbation technique constitutes a powerful tool to solve the output feedback control design problem of dynamics with the nonlinear and uncertain actions.
文摘In this paper, we present a theoretical analysis of the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for eigen-space beamformers so as to investigate the performance degradation caused by large pointing errors. For the sake of reducing such performance loss, a robust scheme, which consists of two cascaded signal processors, is proposed for adaptive beamformers. In the first stage, an algorithm possessing time efficiency is developed to adjust the direc-tion-of-arrival (DOA) estimate of the desired source. Based the achieved DOA estimate, the second stage provides an eigenspace beamformer combined with the spatial derivative constraints (SDC) to further mitigate the cancellation of the desired signal. Analysis and numerical results have been conducted to verify that the proposed scheme yields a better robustness against pointing errors than the conventional approaches.
文摘为了进一步降低园区综合能源系统(park-level integrated energy system,PIES)碳排放量,优化热电联产(combined heat and power,CHP)机组出力的灵活性,提出一种考虑改进阶梯型碳交易和CHP热电灵活输出的PIES低碳经济调度策略。首先,将遗传算法与模糊控制相结合,设计一种遗传模糊碳交易参数优化器,从而对现有阶梯型碳交易机制进行改进,实现该机制参数的自适应变化;其次,在传统CHP中加入卡琳娜(Kalina)循环与电锅炉(electricboiler,EB),构造CHP热电灵活输出模型,以同时满足电、热负荷的不同需求;然后,提出一种柔性指标——电、热输出占比率,进而计算出电、热输出占比率区间,以衡量CHP运行灵活性;最后,将改进阶梯型碳交易机制和CHP热电灵活输出模型协同优化,以系统运行成本和碳交易成本之和最小为目标,构建PIES低碳经济优化模型。算例分析表明,所提策略可有效降低经济成本和碳排放量,同时还可扩展CHP灵活输出调节范围,能够为PIES低碳经济调度提供参考。
