Recent advances in the surgical treatment of pancreatic cancer

INTRODUCTIONPancreatic cancer remains the fourth commonest cause of cancer related death in the western world[1]. The prognosis remains dismal due partly to late presentation, with associated low resectability rates, and the aggressive biological nature of these tumors. The median survival time from diagnosis in unresectable tumors remains only 4 6 months.For those patients amenable to surgical resection over the last 20 years have seen marked improvements in postoperative mortality and morbidity, especially in specialist pancreatic centres 23. Despite these changes long-term survival remains low. with a total 5-year survival rate remaining less than 5%.Patients with ampullary cancer have a better 5-year survival of 40°%-60°%.

Surgical Treatment of Carcinoma of Esophagus and Gastric Cardia—A 34—year Investigation

Objective To understand the progress in surgical treatment of 12 970 patients with carcinoma of esophagus and gastric cardiac during 1965-1998.Methods The patients were divided into A, B and C groups: 3 155 patients (group A) were treated surgically in the first 14 years, 5952 patients (group B) in the next 10 years, and 3 863 patients (group C) in the last 10 years. The early stage lesions (Tis, Tl) were assigned as a separate group. The results of these groups were compared.Results The resectability for esophageal and gastric cardiac carcinoma was 94.0% and 84.4% respectively, and the overall resectability was 91.3% . The resectabih'ty for groups A, B, C and the early stage group was 82.1% , 85.1% , 90.2% and 100% , respectively. The overall operative mortality was 1.8%, it was 4.4% for group A, 1.6% for group B, and 0.5% for group C. The overall 5-year survival was 31.6% . The 5-year survival for groups A, B, C and the early stage group was 27.0% , 29.1%, 32.0% and 92.6%, respectively . Among the 3 temporal groups, differences were observed in terms of lesion stage, location and size, surgery with or without combined therapy and postoperative complications.Conclusion Best results were achieved in the early cases, with a resectability of 100% and a 5-year survival of 92.6% . The indications for surgical treatment were extended with increased resectability and decreased mortality. Subtotal esophagectomy combined with cervical esophagogastrostomy was advocated as the procedure of first choice for esophageal carcinoma in attempt to diminish the chance of recurrence, and to achieve better outcomes by using combined therapy for patients with e" stage b! lesion.

Radiotherapy combined with surgical treatment for gastric cancer:a meta-analysis

Objective:We carried out a meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of radiotherapy combined with surgery for gastric cancer.Methods:Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) in which radiotherapy (preoperative,intraoperative and postoperative),was compared with surgery alone in resectable gastric cancer were identified by searching Cochrane Library (Issue 2,2009),PubMed (Jan 1966-Jun 2009),EMBASE (Jan 1974-Jun 2009),Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (Jan 1978-Jun 2009),Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database (Jan 1989-Jun 2009),China National Knowledge Infrastructure (Jan 1994-Jun 2009) and Wanfang database (Jan 1997-Jun 2009) in English and Chinese languang.Two researchers assessed the quality of included randomized controlled trials (RCT) extracted data independently.The RevMan 5.0 software was used for meta-analysis.Our researchers assessed the quality of included randomized controlled trials (RCT) extracted data independently.The RevMan 5.0 software was used for meta-analysis.Results:Nine randomized controlled trials of 1 548 patients were selected for meta-analysis.Five randomized controlled trials were related with comparison of preoperative radiotherapy plus surgery with single surgery.Two randomized controlled trials were the comparative studies between surgery plus postoperative and single surgery.The meta-analysis results showed that:(1) compared with surgery alone,preoperative radiotherapy combined with surgery can increase 3 years (OR=1.78;95% CI 1.14-2.78,P=0.01),5 years (OR=1.67;95% CI 1.22-2.29,P=0.001),10 years (OR=1.64;95% CI 1.03-2.60,P=0.04) survival rate and resection rate (OR=2.15;95% CI 1.31-3.54,P=0.003);reduce the of tumor recurrence rate (OR=0.59;95% CI 0.37-0.92,P=0.02) and metastasis rate (OR=0.44;95% CI 0.27-0.73,P=0.001);(2) The tumor recurrent rates (OR=0.19,95% CI 0.03-1.14,P=0.07) and tumor metastasis rate (OR=0.09;95% CI 0.00-1.77,P=0.11) had no difference between single surgery group and peri-operative radiotherapy plus surgery group;(3) Postoperative radiotherapy compared with surgery alone had no significant effects on 1 year (OR=0.83;95% CI 0.60-1.15,P=0.26) and 3 years (OR=0.75;95% CI 0.51-1.11,P=0.15) survival rate compared with single surgery,but the 5-year survival rates (OR=0.57;95% CI 0.34-0.95,P=0.03) of the patients who received surgery alone was higher than those who received combined therapy.No difference of the tumor recurrence rate (OR=0.59;95% CI 0.33-1.05,P=0.07),tumor metestasis rate (OR=0.90;95% CI 0.51-1.59,P=0.71) and anastomotic leak (OR=0.98;95% CI 0.25-3.65,P=0.98) were observed between the two groups.Conclusion:Preoperative radiotherapy combined surgery is more rational and effective than surgery alone of gastric cancer.However,in terms of the clinical effects of perioperarive or postoperative radoiotherapy combined with surgery,much multicenter,largescale,high-quality,double-blind and rigorously designed studies would be needed than currently available in the future.

Surgical treatment effects in cancer of the cardia and esophagogastric junction

Objective： To evaluate the treatment effects of total gastrectomy （TG） and proximal gastrectomy （PG） for cancer of the cardia and esophagogastric junction. Methods： forty-five patients with cancer of the cardia and esophagogastric junction underwent surgical resection. Of them, 29 were treated using proximal gastrectomy and 16 total gastrectomy. The 3-year and 5-year survival rate and the postoperative complication rate and mortality rate were followed up and compared between the two groups. Results： The 3-year and 5-year survival rates of group PG were 44.8% and 20.7%, of group TG were 37.5% and 18.8%, respectively, and the differences were not statistically significant （X^2= 3.84, P 〉 0.05; X^2= 3.89, P 〉 0.05）. The postoperative complication and mortality rate of group PG were 13.7% and 6.8%, of group TG was all 6%, respectively. Conclusion： Proximal and total gastrectomy treatment effects can not significantly influence the prognosis of patients in progressive stage of cancer of cardia and esophagogastric junction.

Analysis on relative factors of lymph node metastasis and pattern of postoperative locoreginal relapse of esophageal carcinoma

Objective: We aimed to study the relative factors of lymph node metastasis of esophageal carcinoma, and to analyze the distribution rule of lymph node metastasis of post esophagectomy patients for guiding the radiotherapy. Methods: To collect the patients' data (102 cases) in our hospital from 2001 to 2009, who were found lymph node metastasis confirmed by pathologic in a certain period of time after esophageal cancer surgery. The factors affected the lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer were analysed by single logistic regression and Logistic Regression Method. To analyze the rule of post-operative lymph node metastasis in different regions, according to the lymph node partition, in accordance with paragraphs of esophageal cancer in different groups. Results: Of the 102 patients after esophageal cancer surgery, who were confirmed by pathological examination, 50 cases had positive lymph node metastasis and 52 cases had negative, the lymph node metastasis rate was 49.0%. Lymph node metastasis rates of different depth, length and paragraph of tumor invasion had statistical difference (P < 0.05). The impact on lymph node metastasis rates of the different age and degree of differentiation had no statistical difference (P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the lesion length, depth of invasion and paragraph of tumor were meaningful factors affecting the lymph node metastasis. Of the 102 patients, 132 sites node metastasis were found by imaging study and histopathology with lower neck and supraclavicular node 59 (44.70%), upper mediastinum node 51 (38.64%), A-P windows node 1 (0.76%), anterior mediastinum node 1 (0.76%), Subcarinal node 5 (3.79%), paraesopha- geal node 3 (2.27%), hilar node 3 (2.27%), abdominal node 9 (6.82%). Conclusion: The length and depth of invasion, and paragraph of esophageal cancer are meaningful factors that affect the lymph node metastasis. The longer of lesion, deeper of infiltration and lower of paragraph, the easier to get independently lymph node metastasis. The postoperative lymph node metastasis was mainly distributed in the lower neck and supraclavicular region and upper mediastinal region, which is the focus of postoperative radiotherapy.

Clinical Experience of Primary Retroperitoneal Tumor: Report of 600 Cases

Objective： To summarize the experience of management for primary retroperitoneal tumor （PRPT） and to analyze the factors influencing the outcome after operation. Methods： The data of 600 cases of PRPT in General Hospital of PLA were reviewed retrospectively. Results： Of 600 cases of PRPT, 546 were surgically treated. Among theme 369 were malignant and 177 benign. 366 cases were followed up for 1 month to 15 years. The 1-years 3-year, and 5-year survival rate in the patients subject to complete resection was 90.5%, 73.2% and 53.6%, respectively, and that in incomplete resection patients was 70.6%, 32.0%, 5.7% respectively （P〈0.01）. The Cox multi-various regression analysis revealed showed completeness of tumor resection, sex and histologic type were associated closely with local recurrence. Conclusion： Sufficient preoperative preparation and complete tumor resection play important roles for reducing recurrence and improving survival.

妊娠期与非妊娠期附件扭转患者临床和病理特点的比较

目的:探讨妊娠期与非妊娠期附件扭转(adnexal torsion,AT)患者的临床和病理特点差异。方法:回顾性分析2017年1月—2023年11月在北京大学第三医院妇产科住院手术治疗的376例AT患者的临床资料,其中妊娠期AT组72例,非妊娠期AT组304例,根据孕周妊娠期AT患者进一步分为妊娠早期AT组(≤14周,n=47)和妊娠中晚期AT组(>14周,n=25)。分析并比较2组患者的临床资料。结果:①妊娠期AT组呕吐、下腹痛时间<24 h及持续性腹痛的比例、白细胞计数、中性粒细胞比例明显高于非妊娠期AT组(均P<0.05)。②妊娠期AT组行手术路径(开腹手术者比例)和手术方式(保守性手术者比例)以及术后病理为黄体囊肿的比例明显高于非妊娠期AT组,附件区包块的直径、术后病理为成熟性畸胎瘤、黏液性囊腺瘤和子宫内膜异位囊肿的比例明显低于非妊娠期AT组(均P<0.05)。③妊娠早期AT组辅助生殖技术助孕、腹腔镜手术和保守性手术的比例、附件区包块直径明显高于妊娠中晚期AT组,病理性囊肿的比例和扭转度数明显低于妊娠中晚期AT组(均P<0.05)。结论:妊娠期如出现下腹痛、恶心呕吐等表现,需警惕AT,尤其是妊娠早期、辅助生殖技术助孕后,病理多为黄体囊肿。妊娠期治疗AT,无论腹腔镜还是开腹手术,都是安全可靠的,且不影响妊娠结局。

神经内分泌肿瘤肝转移的外科干预策略

神经内分泌肿瘤是一组较罕见的肿瘤性疾病,可发生于身体多种脏器,具有高度肿瘤异质性,常形成以肝脏为最主要受累器官的继发性肿瘤并伴发类癌综合征。肝转移是造成神经内分泌肿瘤患者治疗失败的重要临床事件,通过及时、合理的外科干预有效控制病情发展、争取达到肿瘤无病状态或根治目标,有效延长患者总体生存,是近年来临床医师和研究者聚焦的重要课题。本文综合近年来国内外神经内分泌肿瘤肝转移的外科治疗策略和我国最新诊治指南,并结合笔者实际临床工作经验进行综述和讨论。

传统单孔腹腔镜与机器人辅助单孔腹腔镜手术治疗儿童及青少年卵巢良性病变的疗效比较

目的初步比较第四代达芬奇机器人辅助单孔腹腔镜手术与传统单孔腹腔镜手术治疗儿童及青少年卵巢良性病变的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2023年3月在武汉大学中南医院行第四代达芬奇机器人辅助单孔腹腔镜手术和传统单孔腹腔镜手术的儿童及青少年卵巢良性病变患者临床资料,采取第四代达芬奇机器人辅助单孔腹腔镜手术(robot-assisted laparoscopic single port surgery,R-LESS)13例(R-LESS组),采取传统单孔腹腔镜手术(laparoscopic single port surgery,LESS)22例(LESS组)。统计两组患儿手术时间、术中出血量、卵巢扭转情况、卵巢肿瘤体积、术中有无卵巢肿瘤破裂、是否放置引流管、术后并发症发生率、住院时间、住院费用以及随访情况。结果R-LESS组与LESS组手术时间[161.38(103.00,201.00)min比136.31(100.50,171.50)min]、术中出血量[21.15(10.00,32.50)mL比45.23(10.00,50.00)mL]、卵巢扭转发生率(15%比32%)、术中卵巢肿瘤破裂发生率(23%比36%)、引流管放置率(23%比23%)、术后并发症发生率(8%比6%)以及随访时间[20.70(11.00,29.50)个月比28.09(9.25,46.25)个月]比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);R-LESS组较LESS组术后住院时间减少[4.23(3.00,5.00)d比5.05(3.75,6.25)d],住院费用增多[(40557.01±4036.29)元比(26456.32±6413.30)元],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论R-LESS手术治疗儿童及青少年卵巢良性病变安全可行。与LESS手术相比,R-LESS术后患儿恢复更快,但住院费用较高。R-LESS手术可作为治疗儿童及青少年卵巢良性病变的一种选择,未来仍需进行大样本对比研究以进一步验证。

海信CAS辅助下高强度聚焦超声消融治疗晚期胰腺癌效果

目的探讨海信计算机辅助系统(CAS)辅助下高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)治疗胰腺癌的效果。方法选取2020年1月-2021年5月于我院拟行HIFU治疗的22例胰腺癌患者。术前采用海信CAS将二维CT图像进行三维重建,明确胰腺肿瘤与周围肠道、脏器的毗邻关系,通过实体瘤疗效评价标准评价局部消融疗效,并记录患者术后并发症发生情况。结果海信CAS数字化三维重建结果可清晰显示胰腺肿瘤与周围肠道、脏器的毗邻关系,协助实现精准消融。22例胰腺癌患者中完全缓解率为9.1%,部分缓解率为68.2%,疾病稳定率为13.6%,疾病进展率为9.1%。所有患者在HIFU术后均未出现胃肠道穿孔、急性胰腺炎、胰瘘及消化道出血等严重并发症,仅1例患者出现浅Ⅱ度皮肤灼伤。结论海信CAS辅助下HIFU治疗晚期胰腺癌效果较好,值得在临床推广。

小儿卵巢扭转坏死的危险因素及其预测价值分析

目的探讨小儿卵巢扭转坏死的危险因素及其预测价值。方法回顾性分析华中科技大学同济医学院附属武汉儿童医院2014年5月至2023年5月术中诊断为卵巢扭转的73例患儿临床资料。按照病理结果将患儿分为坏死组(27例)及未坏死组(46例)。比较两组患儿的年龄、侧别、恶心呕吐、发热、腹痛至手术时间、血小板、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、中性粒细胞百分比、C-反应蛋白值(C-reaction protein,CRP)、白细胞计数(white blood cell,WBC)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞的比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,NLR)、血小板与淋巴细胞的比值(platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,PLR)、淋巴细胞与CRP的比值(lymphocyte to C-reaction protein,LCR)及附件肿物直径。使用单因素Logistic回归分析小儿卵巢扭转坏死的相关危险因素,多因素Logistic回归进一步分析其独立危险因素,绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线评估各指标对小儿卵巢扭转坏死的预测价值。结果两组年龄[(7.21±3.65)岁比(8.80±4.17)岁]、侧别(左/右)(9/17比21/26)、血小板[(289.18±94.57)×10^(9)/L比(300.06±79.05)×10^(9)/L]、淋巴细胞[1.93(1.36,2.74)×10^(9)/L比1.60(1.00,2.46)×10^(9)/L]、中性粒细胞百分比[(72.25±14.23)%比(69.30±18.69)%]、NLR[6.18(3.68,8.79)比5.02(2.38,8.49)]、PLR[117.31(101.27,199.98)比181.99(104.22,282.81)]、LCR[0.39(0.05,1.45)比0.10(0.02,1.73)]、附件肿物直径[5.00(3.97,6.33)cm比4.67(3.38,6.17)cm]比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组卵巢扭转度数[720.00(720.00,855.00)°比720.00(360.00,720.00)°]、恶心及呕吐例数[21例(80.77%)比27例(57.45%)]、发热例数[9例(34.62%)比2例(4.26%)]、腹痛至手术时间[72.00(31.50,96.00)h比24.00(15.84,45.60)h]、中性粒细胞[10.29(6.30,11.61)×10^(9)/L比5.98(3.67,9.04)×10^(9)/L]、CRP[9.40(0.78,36.70)mg/L比0.84(0.78,2.27)mg/L]、WBC[13.25(7.92,16.89)×10^(9)/L比8.28(6.21,11.87)×10^(9)/L]比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,腹痛至手术时间对卵巢扭转坏死的预测价值最高,最佳截断值为26.7 h,ROC曲线下面积(area under the ROC curve,AUC)为0.755,灵敏度、特异度分别为84.6%、66.0%;其次为卵巢扭转度数,其最佳截断值为405°,AUC为0.695,灵敏度、特异度分别为88.5%、42.6%;最后为发热,AUC为0.652,灵敏度、特异度分别为34.6%、95.7%。将三者联合对卵巢扭转坏死进行预测时,AUC为0.870,灵敏度、特异度分别为69.2%、93.6%。结论腹痛至手术时间、卵巢扭转度数及发热可有效预测小儿卵巢扭转坏死。

不同免充气腔镜术式治疗甲状腺癌的效果比较

目的比较免充气经口腔前庭入路与免充气经腋窝入路对腔镜治疗甲状腺癌效果的影响。方法回顾性分析2019年1月至2023年6月中国科学技术大学附属第一医院西区(安徽省肿瘤医院)收治的95例单侧甲状腺癌患者的临床资料,其中45例患者选自同期行经腋窝入路腔镜手术患者,50例选自同期行经口腔前庭腔入路腔镜手术患者。比较2种手术方式的疗效。结果2组患者在手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、术后3 d引流量、术后并发症及美容满意度方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);经口腔前庭组中央区淋巴结清扫数目多于经腋窝组(P<0.05)。结论经口腔前庭入路腔镜甲状腺手术体表无瘢痕较经腋窝入路腔镜手术在中央区淋巴结清扫上更有优势。

浅表食管癌内镜黏膜下剥离术与外科手术疗效对比的研究进展

浅表食管癌(SEC)的传统治疗以内镜治疗和外科手术治疗为主。外科手术是食管肿瘤治疗的标准方法,但其围手术期并发症发生率和病死率均较高。近年来,内镜黏膜下剥离术已取得较大进展,为SEC患者提供了有效的诊断和治疗方法。本文就SEC内镜黏膜下剥离术与外科手术的疗效对比和超出内镜黏膜下剥离术适应证的SEC的治疗策略作一综述,以期提高临床医师对SEC治疗的认知。

MR多模态成像在直肠癌TN分期及手术方式选择中的应用

目的探讨MR多模态成像在直肠癌TN分期及手术方式选择中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析我院2020年1月—2022年5月396例直肠癌患者的MR征象,以此进行术前TN分期并模拟制定手术方式,分析手术前后TN分期的准确性,并比较拟定手术方式与实际手术方式的一致性。结果MR多模态成像辅助术前拟定直肠癌T分期的符合率为90.15%,与术后病理结果的一致性较高(K=0.82,P<0.01),且对于T2~T4分期的诊断准确率较高;N分期的符合率为71.46%,与术后病理结果的一致性适中(K=0.53,P<0.01)。MR多模态成像辅助拟定手术方式的符合率为89.14%,与实际术式一致性较高(K=0.79,P<0.01),且对于直肠癌各种术式拟定的准确率均较高。结论MR多模态成像对直肠癌的术前TN分期以及手术方式的制定有较高的临床价值。

原发性腹膜后平滑肌肉瘤初次术后影响生存期的因素分析

目的分析初次手术后对原发性腹膜后平滑肌肉瘤患者生存期的影响因素,并了解其临床特征。方法搜集2018年1月—2023年1月67例原发性腹膜后平滑肌肉瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。根据患者的手术情况、年龄、性别、病理类型及其他相关因素,对其生存期进行统计和分析。符合正态分布的计量资料以xˉ±s表示、采用t检验;计数资料以%表示、采用χ2检验。对影响患者预后因素的分析采用单因素分析,其中差异有统计学意义的因素采用多因素Logistic回归分析。结果67例患者的平均生存期为(18.25±2.41)个月,病理证实肿瘤类型均为平滑肌肉瘤。生存分析显示,年龄>60岁、肿瘤最大径>10 cm、肿瘤分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、肿瘤分化程度低~差、肿瘤累及其他脏器均是影响患者术后生存期的危险因素(P均<0.05);性别、体质量指数、吸烟史、饮酒史、手术方式对患者的生存期无明显影响(P均>0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析,表明年龄≥60岁、显微镜下切缘看到肿瘤细胞(R1切除)、肿瘤最大径≥10 cm、肿瘤分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、肿瘤低~差分化、肿瘤累及其他脏器均是影响原发性腹膜后平滑肌肉瘤初次手术后生存率的独立危险因素。结论患者年龄、肿瘤最大径、肿瘤分期等是影响患者预后的主要因素,准确评估这些影响因素有助于指导临床决策,进一步改善患者的预后结果。

《肿瘤外科学年鉴:肝外胆管癌和胆囊癌临床诊疗指南》推荐意见

胆道恶性肿瘤是一类发病率低但侵袭性强的消化道肿瘤,主要包括肝内胆管癌、肝外胆管癌和胆囊癌,常常伴随着局部进展或远处转移等特征。对于局部可切除的患者而言,手术往往是首选的治疗方法。然而,即便患者接受根治性手术其术后复发风险依然很高。因此,对于胆道恶性肿瘤患者而言,通常需要采取多种治疗模式,包括手术切除、全身治疗(如靶向治疗、化学治疗、免疫治疗)以及/或局部治疗的综合方案。随着胆道恶性肿瘤领域的逐渐发展,对于外科肿瘤学家而言,了解并掌握最新的外科诊疗策略以及最佳患者的选择和管理体系至关重要。鉴于治疗的复杂性和诊疗技术不断发展的特点,美国肿瘤外科学权威期刊《肿瘤外科学年鉴》于近期发表了关于肝胆肿瘤的实践诊疗指南,主要包括肝细胞癌、肝内胆管癌、肝外胆管癌和胆囊癌,旨在为肝胆肿瘤患者的临床管理和决策制定提供更多基于循证医学的证据。限于篇幅和不同侧重点,本文着重介绍该指南中关于肝外胆管癌和胆囊癌的评估要点和临床治疗的相关建议,以供临床参考。

盆腔“卷地毯”式CRS在晚期上皮性卵巢癌手术治疗中的临床效果分析

目的:分析盆腔腹膜切除术(pelvic peritonectomy,PP)在晚期上皮性卵巢癌(epithelial ovarian cancer,EOC)手术治疗中的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2017年1月至2020年1月于我院行包含PP的卵巢癌肿瘤细胞减灭术(cytoreductive surgery,CRS)的EOC患者(PP-CRS组,即盆腔“卷地毯”式CRS组)的相关临床资料,共45例。选取同期行传统CRS手术的EOC患者45例(传统CRS组)作为对照组。比较两组患者的临床资料、手术相关资料,评价盆腔“卷地毯”式CRS在晚期EOC手术治疗中的临床效果。结果:PP-CRS组的手术满意度CC评分(complete cytoreduction score)显著高于传统CRS组(P<0.05)。PP-CRS组较传统CRS组减少了一线化疗疗程数(P<0.05)。两组患者在年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、病理类型、病理分级、病理分期、新辅助化疗比例、ECOG评分(Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status)、3年无进展生存率(progression-free survival,PFS)、手术时间、出血量、住院时间、术后首次化疗时间及手术并发症方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:相比传统CRS手术,PP-CRS手术满意度高、可减少一线总化疗疗程数、且手术难度较低、术后并发症发生率较低。手术治疗采用PP-CRS具有临床意义,值得在临床工作中进行推广。

生物染色剂定位与示踪技术在乳腺外科中的应用

通过对生物染色剂定位与示踪技术在乳腺区段切除术、乳头溢液选择性溢液导管切除术、乳腺钙化灶导丝定位切除术、乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检术、淋巴结反向示踪引导腋窝淋巴结清扫术/前哨淋巴结活检术、乳腺癌保乳术、腔镜乳腺癌保乳术、腔镜乳腺皮下腺体切除术等术式中的应用进行分类和归纳总结,探讨生物染色剂定位与示踪技术在提高乳腺手术的精准性及微创性方面的优势,旨在为提高乳腺手术的精细化程度及改善术后外观效果提供参考。

卵巢粘液性囊腺瘤患者不同手术治疗预后的对比研究

目的 :对比卵巢粘液性囊腺瘤 (囊瘤 )患者不同手术方法治疗的预后。方法 :回顾分析 81例卵巢粘液性囊腺瘤患者手术治疗后的随访情况 ,分析比较囊瘤切除和子宫附件切除术后及采用腹腔镜手术和剖腹手术后的复发率 ,也比较两种切除术中肿瘤破裂与否的癌变率和复发率。结果 :81例患者平均 4 2岁 (16～ 6 7岁 ) ,均随诊 2年以上 ,平均随诊时间 4 9个月 (2 4～ 12 0个月 )。癌变率为 1.2 % ,复发率为 8.6 %。囊瘤切除术 37例中 ,腹腔镜手术和剖腹手术途径的复发率分别为 16 .7%和 12 .5 % ,差异无显著性 ;切除术中肿瘤破裂与否的复发率分别为 16 .7%和 14 .3% ,差异亦无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :卵巢粘液性囊腺瘤切除术后的复发率显著高于子宫附件切除术。

老年肺癌患者的外科治疗

我科 1 995年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 1 1月外科手术治疗的 70岁以上老年患者 70例 ,其中 ,男 6 4例 ,女 6例 ,年龄 70～ 82岁 ,平均 72岁 ;鳞癌 5 2例 ,腺癌 1 4例 ,小细胞未分化癌 2例 ,其他类型 2例 ;手术切除 6 6例 (94 .2 8% ) ,其中全肺切除 1 2例 ,肺叶切除 5 3例 ,楔形切除 1例 ;术后TNM分期 ,Ⅰ期 4例 ,Ⅱa期 1 2例 ,Ⅱb期 2 7例 ,Ⅲa期 2 3例 ,Ⅲb期 4例 ;术后发生并发症 2 1例 (30 .0 % ) ,无围手术期死亡 ,术后 1、3、5年生存率分别为 75 .0 %、34.7%、2 7.0 %。分析认为 ,年龄不是手术禁忌 ,在严格掌握手术适应证、充分术前准备和积极处理术后并发症的基础上 ,可取得满意的临床疗效。