Research on Overall Planning and Implementation Evaluation of Land Use of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Agriculture-seven Division

Based on methods for evaluating the overall planning and implementation of land use of domestic scholars, a comprehensive and highly-operable index system and evaluating method for land use planning multi-type implementation has been established through selecting multi-type evaluating indicators and applied to the last-round overall planning of land use in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Agriculture-seven Division. The obtained comprehensive score was 86.40, indicating that land use overall planning has been excellently coordinated with land, society, economy as well as ecology and has exerted outstanding effect with the rank as "good". The evaluation results are in accordance with actual conditions, which displays that the established multi-type implementation evaluating system of land use overall planning is reasonable with scientific evaluating methods and can be the reference for evaluation of land use overall planning in other regiments and companies of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.

The Application of Scenario Analysis in the Overall Planning of Land Use:A Case Study of Shangluo City in Shaanxi Province

The overall planning of land use is a complex process of joint action of social system, natural and economic conditions. On the basis of summarizing the existing researches, we select Shaanxi's Shangluo City, located in the Qinba mountainous area as the study object, to expound the concept and steps of scenario analysis based on land use change data, under the guidance of ecological safety and sustainable development theory. We design four different scenarios of land use planning program in Shangluo City during the period 2006-2020, and use grey linear programming model to analyze each scenario. The results show that the scenario analysis is feasible in the adjustment of land use structure in Shangluo City; operable in the determining of land use planning program on a macro-municipal scale.

Development and Prospect of Zoning Mode in the Three Rounds of Overall Land Use Planning of China

Zoning system is the basic mode of establishment of overall land use planning. In this study,the zoning mode and practice in the three rounds of overall land use planning that have been carried out in China were analyzed and summarized firstly,and then some obvious problems existing in the implementation of the zoning mode were analyzed. Finally,countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to provide necessary reference for further development and improvement of the zoning mode and the development of overall land use planning at all levels in China.

Overall Planning of Public Power and Expression of Private Rights in Cross-regional Trading of Construction Land Quotas

In China, the trading of construction land quotas has undergone an institutional evolution process characterized by gradual deregulation.In 2021, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC) resolved to develop a national cross-regional trading mechanism for construction land quotas.Construction land quotas, which have attributes of both public power and private rights, share certain common grounds with the rights of land development, dumping and carbon emission.To build a national trading market for construction land quotas, it is necessary to make clarifications and innovations in macro-level ideas, meso-level mechanisms, and micro-level designs.

Digital Problems and Strategies of Partial Revision in Overall Plan of Land Use

The technical route of partial revision in overall plan of land use is briefly described.It is pointed out that problems of area measuring in the technical route are mainly due to the digital process.The digital problems of partial revision in overall plan of land use are presented as follows:the maps are not proofread before digitalization;the coordinate matching and projection transformation are not conducted on the maps;the information is asymmetrical pre and post the digitalization;the location lacks precision;the result maps are substandard.The causes of these problems are analyzed,which cover the following aspects.The lack of united management regulations;uneven working abilities of the staff in the compilation units;unawareness of the importance of map digilalization;poor basic conclitions of the original plan maps.At last,the relevant suggestions are put forward,for instance,releasing the national united management methods and technical criteria,establishing industrial admittance system and qualification system of complication units,setting up the mechanism of supervising digitalized results and controlling the quality,conducting coordinate matching and projection transformation and unifying the specification and mode of the results of maps so as to provide technical support for the overall plan of land use,play the micro-regulating role of land use and take a leading role in the sustainable development of social economy.

生态系统服务功能价值法在吉林省土地利用规划SEA中的实例研究

[目的]对吉林省土地利用总体规划进行战略环境评价,并对生态系统服务价值评估方法进行研究。[方法]采用生态系统服务价值法,将吉林省生态系统服务价值量化,进行土地利用总体规划的战略环境评价。[结果]运用吉林省2005～2020年土地利用类型的面积变更数据,估算出2005、2008、2020年总体生态系统服务价值分别为2678.84×108、2684.40×108和2740.28×108元,在整个规划期内呈增长趋势。其中,耕地的生态系统服务价值降低。[结论]吉林省土地利用总体规划基本合理,但还需对耕地面积进行进一步的修改和补充。

中国海洋空间规划演进、特征及机制创新

海洋空间规划是海洋高质量发展的空间蓝图,为建设海洋强国提供要素保障。分析中国海洋空间规划的演进历程,海洋空间规划大致经历了初步探索阶段、“多规并举”阶段和“多规合一”阶段;剖析中国海洋空间规划特征,认为海洋空间规划具有推动陆海统筹、融入基于生态系统的管理、关注兼容性用海需求、拓展保护利用空间等特征;在海洋强国战略和海洋高质量发展驱动下,提出实施海洋空间规划机制创新,建立基于生态系统的管理机制、精细化管控机制和用途管制机制,以期为国土空间规划体系下海洋空间规划编制与实施提供决策支撑。

海湾生态韧性的陆海统筹测度与治理研究——基于厦门湾系统性视角

海岸带长期承受陆海生态风险的交互扰动,基于陆海统筹的系统性治理是提升其生态韧性的重要途径。海岸带生态管治条块分割的问题突出,生态系统具有相对独立性的海湾,作为陆海统筹的实施单元,为海岸带生态韧性测度与规划提供了新视角。在梳理海湾生态要素构成的基础上,分析陆海生态灾害诱因及其作用方式,进而厘清海湾生态系统的韧性响应机制。在陆海统筹目标下构建了海湾生态韧性测评指标体系,并以厦门湾为空间单元展开实例研究,采用相关模型剖析厦门湾陆域-海域生态韧性的耦合协调特征及演进驱动因子;聚焦厦门湾生态韧性薄弱之处,从构筑生态安全格局、分级整治韧性空间、联动管控韧性要素、建构跨界协同机制4个维度提出陆海统筹治理策略,以促进厦门湾生态系统可持续发展。该研究的理论建构及实践总结可为其他海湾单元生态文明建设提供参考。

陆海统筹视角下滨海地区国土空间生态修复路径与实践

由于滨海地区地理区位和生态系统的特殊性、复杂性,以及陆海空间策略的差异性,其传统的生态修复无法完全适配《省级国土空间生态修复规划编制指南》(试行)等文件的工作思路,应系统性总结滨海地区生态系统的特点,创新性探索陆海统筹视角下滨海地区国土空间生态修复规划路径,并以深圳市大鹏新区为例,探讨在我国生态文明建设背景下,滨海地区面向多目标、系统化的生态保护修复重点,同时将工程项目细化到绩效指标层面,加强规划的传导性和对项目实施的指导性,旨在为滨海地区提供以陆海统筹为引领、以“格局—策略—单元—工程”为主线的国土空间生态修复规划新思路。

省级海岸带规划实施传导优化的双路径

国家、省级海岸带规划编制审批工作已近尾声,目前还存在省级以下涉海规划体系待健全、涉海规划对精细化管理的支撑不足等问题。以市级海岸带规划为衔接,探索叠加特殊管控区划定与管控要求,深化市级海岸带规划分区空间准入与用途管制,引导核心管控内容向涉海详细规划延伸,提出涉海详细规划单元类型、深化方向、应用场景等构想,为完善涉海规划体系和梳理涉海规划核心内容实施传导路径提供参考。

基于文献计量法的海岸带规划研究现状及趋势分析

海岸带规划聚焦于海岸带区域空间管理,作为国土空间规划的专项规划,是实现海岸带区域陆海统筹和综合管理的重要抓手。为梳理国内外海岸带规划研究现状与热点,以Web of Science(WOS)核心合集库和中国期刊全文数据库为数据源,采用文献可视化工具,分析海岸带规划研究高影响力作者和机构、研究主题及演变。研究结果表明:海岸带规划受到广泛关注,国内外海岸带规划研究发文量呈现上升趋势,国际发表增速较快;国际研究热点侧重于人为活动干扰下的海岸带规划及其优化、海岸带规划风险评估模型等,国内侧重于可持续发展与海岸带综合管理、海岸带开发与生态安全问题等;近年来,国际对海岸带规划的研究倾向于基于生态系统的管理解决方案,国内倾向于构建陆海统筹的国土空间规划体系。本研究为了解当前国内外海岸带规划发展提供学术参考。

村社统筹的土地细碎化治理:机制与效益——以安徽“小田变大田”为例

单一的土地细碎化治理方式难以解决土地细碎化问题,结合高标准农田建设项目实现“小田并大田”的地方实践提供了治理机制融合的契机。实地调查发现,从村社统筹的视角出发,村社集体由于具有政经社合一的属性,在发挥自组织优势的基础上整合了行政机制和市场机制,是三位一体治理机制的承接载体。在具体实践中,村社集体能够实施土地整治项目、实现土地产权整合并有序流转土地经营权。统筹治理的机制在于村社集体通过整合地方政府的治理资源激活自组织,在发挥自组织动员能力的基础上改进行政机制的不足并降低市场主体的交易成本,使三种机制在实践中能够取长补短。村社统筹的土地细碎化治理有助于推动农业现代化转型以及提高乡村治理能力。因此,在土地细碎化治理的融合机制探索中,应充分重视村社集体在土地细碎化治理中的统筹功能,同时发挥政府的基础性作用和市场的资源配置作用。

浙江省近岸海域环境功能区管理现状、问题及对策研究

浙江省近岸海域环境功能区划在保护海域生态环境和调整海域资源开发利用等方面发挥着重要作用,已成为近岸海域环境监管的重要依据。然而在当前进一步优化国土空间规划和海洋经济高质量发展的新形势下,区划内容已明显滞后。文章梳理历年浙江省近岸海域环境功能区划编制、调整和监测的工作经验,研究管理过程中存在的主要问题,并在此基础上提出坚持生态优先底线约束原则、有序衔接浙江省国土空间规划、科学合理制订分类分区管控措施、有机融合涉海专项规划保护目标、基于陆海统筹合理认定管理边界等对策措施,以期为浙江省近岸海域环境功能区管理提供参考。

区县级城市更新片区统筹模式研究——以四川省某县级市为例

城市更新是近年来城镇化升级的重要抓手。推动试点先行,标杆示范引领,探讨城市更新的可持续性、可复制模式,进而推动城市的高质量发展是国家的政策导向,也是城市更新的重要任务。本文主要深入分析了区县级城市更新现状,对片区统筹机制体制建立、模式的研究、实施落地,街区运营等方面进行了针对性实践研究,为片区统筹项目的创新性,落地性,持续性发展提供了参考,为区县级城市更新模式的研究起到了示范和推动作用。

基于陆海统筹的海岸带地区详细规划编制探索——以深圳海洋新城为例

陆海统筹理念是一种全方位系统思维,从根本上转变了以陆看海、以陆定海的传统思维,强调统筹海域和陆域两个系统在经济、社会、文化、生态等方面协调发展。海岸带地区作为包含海域和陆域的独特空间单元,是陆海统筹最直接的空间载体。本研究基于陆海统筹理念和深圳海洋新城的规划实践,梳理海岸带地区详细规划的研究进展以及识别管控关键议题,从陆海生态保育、陆海韧性安全、陆海功能协同三个角度探索海岸带地区详细规划编制的重点内容并提出建议,为沿海城市海岸带地区详细规划编制思路和技术重点提供参考。

基于陆海统筹的辽宁省河流水质污染补偿制度研究

为全面实现近岸海域水质目标,推进陆海统筹治理,开展了辽宁省重点流域入海河流和近岸海域总氮状况评估,分析了辽宁省河流断面水质污染补偿制度实施成效和存在问题,开展了辽宁省重点流域河流总氮浓度和通量变化研究、陆域河流总氮浓度与近岸海域无机氮浓度相关性方面研究,分析了总氮指标纳入河流断面水质污染补偿制度的可行性和必要性,提出了基于陆海统筹的河流水质污染补偿办法修订建议。

关于国土空间规划中城乡建设用地统筹的思考

我国经济社会发展呈现出城乡差距逐步缩小但仍存在的趋势,城市化水平提升迅速,城市扩张对土地资源的需求逐年增加,与此同时,农村用地的过度集约利用和城乡建设用地的利用差异也使得城乡土地发展面临一系列挑战,对城乡建设用地的统筹规划显得尤为迫切,如何更好地实现城乡建设用地的统筹发展,已成为当前国土空间规划亟待解决的重要问题。

陆海统筹背景下海警机构行使海洋生态环境保护执法权路径选择

陆海统筹背景下海警机构作为海洋生态环境保护工作的主要驱动力愈显重要。然而,实践中海警机构行使海洋生态环境保护执法权存在着较大阻碍,具体表现在海警机构司法主体地位不明,海警机构与其他部门执法联动机制遭遇瓶颈以及执法人员能力参差不齐等问题。为此,需要严格把握《中华人民共和国海警法》(以下简称《海警法》)、新《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》的相关法律规定,平衡两部法律矛盾点,夯实海警机构与陆上执法部门协作机制,进一步提升海警机构海洋生态环境保护工作的执法能力,筑牢海洋生态屏障,助力海洋强国建设。

Uncertainty analysis on aquatic environmental impacts of urban land use change

Uncertainties hamper the implementation of strategic environmental assessment(SEA).In order to quantitatively characterize the uncertainties of environmental impacts,this paper develops an integrated methodology through uncertainty analysis on land use change,which combines the scenario analysis approach,stochastic simulation technique,and statistics.Dalian city in China was taken as a case study in the present work.The results predict that the Fuzhou River poses the highest environmental pollution risk with a probability of 89.63% for COD in 2020.Furthermore,the Biliu River,Fuzhou River,Zhuang River,and Dasha River have 100% probabilities for NH3-N.NH3-N is a more critical pollutant than COD for all rivers.For COD,industry is the critical pollution source for all rivers except the Zhuang River.For NH3-N,agriculture is the critical pollution source for the Biliu River,Yingna River,and Dasha River,sewage for the Fuzhou River and Zhuang River,and industry for the Dengsha River.This methodology can provide useful information,such as environmental risk,environmental pressure,and extremely environmental impact,especially under considerations of uncertainties.It can also help to ascertain the significance of each pollution source and its priority for control in urban planning.

城市海岸带沿线规划设计提升策略研究——以烟台市蓬莱区段为例

在海洋文明发展的时代背景下,城市海岸带沿线区域不仅是连结陆海的重要纽带,也是空间联动的重要载体。而现今,我国海岸带沿线的发展仍在功能串联、价值转化、韧性生态等方面面临着极大挑战。文章将以烟台市蓬莱区段为例,研究分析规划策略,重点突出陆海统筹布局、全域联动升级的规划路径,以期为城市海岸带沿线区域现阶段的提升发展提供具有实践意义的策略思考。