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全脾切除术后的凶险性感染(OPSI) 被引量:10
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作者 侯世明 《内蒙古中医药》 2008年第8期12-13,共2页
从1887年Spencer Wells和1892年Riegues开创了把脾切除术作为外科治疗脾疾病的先河,长期以来,脾外科遵循的法则是"生命第一,保脾第二",由于对脾脏的重要免疫功能认识不足,导致在处理外伤性脾破裂时把脾全切术奉为经典,从而导... 从1887年Spencer Wells和1892年Riegues开创了把脾切除术作为外科治疗脾疾病的先河,长期以来,脾外科遵循的法则是"生命第一,保脾第二",由于对脾脏的重要免疫功能认识不足,导致在处理外伤性脾破裂时把脾全切术奉为经典,从而导致病人出现高概率的脾切除后凶险性感染(OPSI)。无辜性脾切除受到广泛批评。本文的目的是通过回顾性分析临床病例的统计资料,探讨外伤脾全切术后凶险性感染的发病机制及防治措施。 展开更多
关键词 脾促吞噬肽(Tuftsin) 脾移植 多价肺炎球菌疫苗 脾脏免疫功能 脾切除术后凶险性感染(overwhelming postsplenctomy infection OPSI)
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Teaching beyond the Test: A Method for Designing Test-Preparation Classes
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作者 Deirdre Derrick 《基础教育外语教学研究》 2017年第7期27-33,共7页
My conversations with other English teachers generally turn to assessment once they find out that I have worked as a test developer. At that point, they immediately bemoan the overwhelming presence of tests in their o... My conversations with other English teachers generally turn to assessment once they find out that I have worked as a test developer. At that point, they immediately bemoan the overwhelming presence of tests in their own lives and their studentslives, and they sigh in resignation at having to teach test preparation classes for high -stakes standardized assessments of academic English such as the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) or the International English Language Testing System (IELTS). They feel these classes do not truly improve their studentsability to communicate in English, yet both students and teachers accept that spending time learning strategies or“tricks”that will lead to higher scores is a necessary evil in an environment that relies so heavily on testing. 展开更多
关键词 Test-Preparation overwhelming IELTS
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