Technological innovations of electric arc furnace bottom-blowing in China

Nowadays, in China, the bottom-blowing technique plays an important role in accelerating the molten bath stirring and promoting the metallurgical reactions in electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking. The innovations of bottom-blowing technologies in EAF steelmaking were reviewed. The optimized bottom-blowing arrangement in EAF based on the furnace structure and the position of electrodes was introduced, and the fluid flow characteristics of EAF molten bath with bottomblowing were analyzed. Furthermore, bottom-blowing CO2 in EAF can facilitate the carbon-oxygen reaction reaching equilibrium and decrease the content of nitrogen in molten steel due to its special metallurgical properties. Pulsating bottom-blowing in EAF can effectively improve the molten bath stirring through the action of the unsteady bottom blowing gas streams, which could make the fluid flow field more disorderly than the steady bottom-blowing. And submerged O2 injection with CO2 in EAF can noticeably strengthen the EAF molten bath stirring, increase the production efficiency and improve the molten steel quality.

Analysis of the Influence of Oxygen Enrichment in the Blast on Temperature Field and NO_(x)Generation near the Burner in Reheating Furnace

In order to study the effect of oxygen-enriched combustion technology on the temperature field and NOX emission in the continuous heating furnace,this paper studies the oxygen-enriched combustion of a pushing steel continuous heating furnace in a domestic company.This study utilizes numerical simulation method,establishes themathematicalmodels of flow,combustion andNOX generation combustion process in the furnace and analyzes the heat transfer process and NOX generation in the furnace under different air oxygen content and different wind ratio.The research results show that with the increase of oxygen content in the air,the combustion temperature in the furnace rises significantly,and the emission concentration of NOX increases.Furthermore,the NOX emission concentration is related to the proportion of primary and secondary air.

Relationship between copper content of slag and matte in the SKS copper smelting process

In the newly developed oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing copper smelting process(also known as the SKS copper smelting process), Cu loss in slag is one of the most concerning issues. This paper presents our research results concerning the relationship between the Cu content of the matte and slag in the SKS process; the results are based on actual industrial production in the Dongying Fangyuan copper smelter. The results show that the matte grade strongly influences Cu losses in slag. The dissolved and entrained losses account for 10%–20% and 80%–90% of the total SKS industrial Cu losses in slag, respectively. With increasing matte grade, the dissolved and entrained Cu losses in the SKS slag both increase continuously. When the matte grade is greater than 68%, the content of Cu in the smelting slag increases much more dramatically. To obtain a high direct recovery of copper, the matte grade should be less than 75% in industrial SKS copper production.