寿期内中子通量、核素浓度和功率分布的轴向形状均保持恒定(Constant Axial shape of Neutron flux,nuclide densities and power shape During Life of Energy produced,CANDLE)是实现原位增殖-焚烧(Breed-and-Burn,B&B)模式的一...寿期内中子通量、核素浓度和功率分布的轴向形状均保持恒定(Constant Axial shape of Neutron flux,nuclide densities and power shape During Life of Energy produced,CANDLE)是实现原位增殖-焚烧(Breed-and-Burn,B&B)模式的一种燃耗策略。CANDLE堆经易裂变燃料或外中子源进行点火,启动后由增殖燃料的燃烧实现自稳运行。若要CANDLE堆自稳运行于k_(eff)=1,必须对堆芯几何及燃料体积分数进行配置优化。最优配置方案可通过蒙特卡罗方法模拟CANDLE堆芯,根据有效增殖因子筛选得出。但该方法需耗费大量的计算时间,若采用1D模型近似模拟,并结合中子平衡方法进行分析,便可大幅节约计算时间,获得具有指导性意义的结果。本文将论证该方法的可行性,并应用该方法估算钠冷贫铀CANDLE堆半径在100 400 cm、燃料体积分数在35%60%变化时的最优配置。展开更多
Analytical and numerical computed models are developed for reverse pulse cleaning system of candle ceramic filters. A standard turbulent model is demonstrated suitably to the designing computation of reverse pulse cle...Analytical and numerical computed models are developed for reverse pulse cleaning system of candle ceramic filters. A standard turbulent model is demonstrated suitably to the designing computation of reverse pulse cleaning system from the experimental and one dimensional computational result. The computed results can be used to guide the designing of reverse pulse cleaning system, which is optimum Venturi geometry. From the computed results, the general conclusions and the designing methods are obtained.展开更多
To fabricate an oil-water separation material that is rich in source,eco-friendly,and responsive,in this study,we successfully developed a collagen-based sponge for application to oil-water separation based on a green...To fabricate an oil-water separation material that is rich in source,eco-friendly,and responsive,in this study,we successfully developed a collagen-based sponge for application to oil-water separation based on a green and facile strategy.In this design,widely-available collagen(COL)was used as the substrate:it was immersed in polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)suspension with candle soot(CS)nanoparticles,followed by hot curing.The resultant sponge(CS/PDMS-COL)possessed good hydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 148.3°under a low PDMS concentration of 2%.The results from field emission scanning electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,X-ray photoelectron spectrometer,and X-ray diffractometry demonstrated the successful coating of CS and PDMS on the surface of COL substrate.The CS/PDMS-COL can adsorb eight oils,with the adsorption capacity for trichloromethane reaching 95 g/g.With benzene as the target adsorbent,the separation efficiency was maintained at no less than 95%even after recycling 20 times.CS/PDMS-COL was also used to separate oil-in-water emulsion.Moreover,the sponge killed bacteria effectively due to its excellent near-infrared photothermal responsiveness.This study provides new insight into the preparation of facile oil-water separation materials based on naturally occurring biomaterials effortlessly.展开更多
Ensuring a sufficient oxygen supply is pivotal for the success of bioprinting applications since it fosters tissue integration and natural regeneration.Variation in oxygen concentration among diverse tissues necessita...Ensuring a sufficient oxygen supply is pivotal for the success of bioprinting applications since it fosters tissue integration and natural regeneration.Variation in oxygen concentration among diverse tissues necessitates the precise recreation of tissue-specific oxygen levels in imprinted constructs to support the survival of targeted cells.Although oxygen-releasing biomaterials,such as oxygen-generating microparticles(OMPs),have shown promise for enhancing the oxygen supply of microenvironments in injured tissues,whether this approach is scalable for large tissues and whether tissue-specific bioinks with varying OMP concentrations remain printable remain unknown.This study addresses this critical gap by introducing an innovative class of engineered oxygenated bioinks that combine colloidal-based microgels with OMPs.We report that incorporating nanosized calcium peroxide(nCaO_(2))and manganese oxide nanosheets(nMnO_(2))into hydrophobic polymeric microparticles enables precise modulation of oxygen release while controlling hydrogen peroxide release.Moreover,the fabrication of oxygenating and cytocompatible colloidal gels is achieved using an aqueous two-phase system.This study thoroughly evaluates the fundamental characteristics of the resulting bioink,including its rheological behaviors,printability,shape fidelity,mechanical properties,and oxygen release properties.Moreover,this study demonstrates the macroscopic scalability and cytocompatibility of printed constructs produced via cell-laden oxygenating colloidal bioinks.By showcasing the effectiveness of extrusion-based bioprinting,this study underscores how it can be used to fabricate biomimetic tissues,indicating its potential for new applications.The findings presented here advance the bioprinting field by achieving scalability with both high cell viability and the possibility of mimicking specifically oxygenated tissues.This work thereby offers a promising avenue for the development of functional tissues with enhanced physiological relevance.展开更多
文摘寿期内中子通量、核素浓度和功率分布的轴向形状均保持恒定(Constant Axial shape of Neutron flux,nuclide densities and power shape During Life of Energy produced,CANDLE)是实现原位增殖-焚烧(Breed-and-Burn,B&B)模式的一种燃耗策略。CANDLE堆经易裂变燃料或外中子源进行点火,启动后由增殖燃料的燃烧实现自稳运行。若要CANDLE堆自稳运行于k_(eff)=1,必须对堆芯几何及燃料体积分数进行配置优化。最优配置方案可通过蒙特卡罗方法模拟CANDLE堆芯,根据有效增殖因子筛选得出。但该方法需耗费大量的计算时间,若采用1D模型近似模拟,并结合中子平衡方法进行分析,便可大幅节约计算时间,获得具有指导性意义的结果。本文将论证该方法的可行性,并应用该方法估算钠冷贫铀CANDLE堆半径在100 400 cm、燃料体积分数在35%60%变化时的最优配置。
基金TheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No .5 9776 0 2 5 )andtheHi TechResearchandDevelopmentProgramofChina (S 86 3No.2 0 0 1AA3330 40 ) )
文摘Analytical and numerical computed models are developed for reverse pulse cleaning system of candle ceramic filters. A standard turbulent model is demonstrated suitably to the designing computation of reverse pulse cleaning system from the experimental and one dimensional computational result. The computed results can be used to guide the designing of reverse pulse cleaning system, which is optimum Venturi geometry. From the computed results, the general conclusions and the designing methods are obtained.
基金the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 22178056 & 22078060)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (Grant Nos. 2020J01555 & 2020J01881)+1 种基金the Opening Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control (2019KF09)Special Fund for Science and Technology Innovation of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (Grant Nos. CXZX2019108S & CXZX2019116G)
文摘To fabricate an oil-water separation material that is rich in source,eco-friendly,and responsive,in this study,we successfully developed a collagen-based sponge for application to oil-water separation based on a green and facile strategy.In this design,widely-available collagen(COL)was used as the substrate:it was immersed in polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)suspension with candle soot(CS)nanoparticles,followed by hot curing.The resultant sponge(CS/PDMS-COL)possessed good hydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 148.3°under a low PDMS concentration of 2%.The results from field emission scanning electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,X-ray photoelectron spectrometer,and X-ray diffractometry demonstrated the successful coating of CS and PDMS on the surface of COL substrate.The CS/PDMS-COL can adsorb eight oils,with the adsorption capacity for trichloromethane reaching 95 g/g.With benzene as the target adsorbent,the separation efficiency was maintained at no less than 95%even after recycling 20 times.CS/PDMS-COL was also used to separate oil-in-water emulsion.Moreover,the sponge killed bacteria effectively due to its excellent near-infrared photothermal responsiveness.This study provides new insight into the preparation of facile oil-water separation materials based on naturally occurring biomaterials effortlessly.
基金funded by the National Insti-tutes of Health(No.R01 AR074234)AHA collaborative award(No.944227)the Gillian Reny Stepping Strong Center for Trauma Inno-vation at Brigham and Women's Hospital.
文摘Ensuring a sufficient oxygen supply is pivotal for the success of bioprinting applications since it fosters tissue integration and natural regeneration.Variation in oxygen concentration among diverse tissues necessitates the precise recreation of tissue-specific oxygen levels in imprinted constructs to support the survival of targeted cells.Although oxygen-releasing biomaterials,such as oxygen-generating microparticles(OMPs),have shown promise for enhancing the oxygen supply of microenvironments in injured tissues,whether this approach is scalable for large tissues and whether tissue-specific bioinks with varying OMP concentrations remain printable remain unknown.This study addresses this critical gap by introducing an innovative class of engineered oxygenated bioinks that combine colloidal-based microgels with OMPs.We report that incorporating nanosized calcium peroxide(nCaO_(2))and manganese oxide nanosheets(nMnO_(2))into hydrophobic polymeric microparticles enables precise modulation of oxygen release while controlling hydrogen peroxide release.Moreover,the fabrication of oxygenating and cytocompatible colloidal gels is achieved using an aqueous two-phase system.This study thoroughly evaluates the fundamental characteristics of the resulting bioink,including its rheological behaviors,printability,shape fidelity,mechanical properties,and oxygen release properties.Moreover,this study demonstrates the macroscopic scalability and cytocompatibility of printed constructs produced via cell-laden oxygenating colloidal bioinks.By showcasing the effectiveness of extrusion-based bioprinting,this study underscores how it can be used to fabricate biomimetic tissues,indicating its potential for new applications.The findings presented here advance the bioprinting field by achieving scalability with both high cell viability and the possibility of mimicking specifically oxygenated tissues.This work thereby offers a promising avenue for the development of functional tissues with enhanced physiological relevance.
