The element partitioning in a Pb-Bi concentrate oxygen-rich bath smelting process was studied using thermodynamic equilibrium simulation method. Effects of oxygen to feed ratio(OFR) and sulfur dioxide partial pressure...The element partitioning in a Pb-Bi concentrate oxygen-rich bath smelting process was studied using thermodynamic equilibrium simulation method. Effects of oxygen to feed ratio(OFR) and sulfur dioxide partial pressure(pSO2) on the partitionings of Bi, Pb, As, Sb, Cu and Ag were analyzed and compared with industrial data. The results suggested that the optimal OFR was between 6.3 and 6.8 kmol/t to maximize Bi, Pb, Cu and Ag partitioning in the metal phase. Further increase of OFR led to the drop of metal partitioning and increase of slag liquidus temperature. High pSO2 led to high deportment of Bi and Pb in the gas phase mainly in the form of sulfides, suggesting that a low pSO2 was conducive for reducing the dust ratio.展开更多
The molten slag in smelting reduction with iron bath has peculiar behaviour for its high FeO concentration. Slag foaming is effected by the concentration and reduction rate of FeO, basicity of slag and temperature. Ad...The molten slag in smelting reduction with iron bath has peculiar behaviour for its high FeO concentration. Slag foaming is effected by the concentration and reduction rate of FeO, basicity of slag and temperature. Addition of granulated coke can greatly decrease slag foaming extent in the process of smelting reduction with iron bath. The anti-foaming capacity of granulated coke is the best when the ratio of coke used for coke layer to total coke used in smelting reduction is controlled at about 20%.展开更多
A new bath smelting process was proposed to recover iron for solid wastes reduction.99.79%of iron metallization,99.61%of iron recovery,pig iron with93.58%Fe,0.021%S,0.11%P,1.38%C,0.22%Si,0.01%Pb and0.031%Zn were achie...A new bath smelting process was proposed to recover iron for solid wastes reduction.99.79%of iron metallization,99.61%of iron recovery,pig iron with93.58%Fe,0.021%S,0.11%P,1.38%C,0.22%Si,0.01%Pb and0.031%Zn were achievedafter the wastes were smelted at1575°C for20min under C/Fe molar ratio of1.6and basicity of1.2.The produced pig iron could beused in steel-making.This study provides a way for recycling iron from smelting slag and hydrometallurgical residue.展开更多
The process parameters for bath autogenous smelting of copper were selected based on dynamic analysis of the experimental data and calculation of the mathematical model. Selecting the slag composition of SiO<sub>...The process parameters for bath autogenous smelting of copper were selected based on dynamic analysis of the experimental data and calculation of the mathematical model. Selecting the slag composition of SiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe=0.80 and CaO%=16. desulphur ratio less than 80 wt.-% in system. and the copper content of matte less than 60 wt.-%, it is able to limit Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> formation and obtain a high desulphurization. The critical oxygen content of the blast increased with decrease of the sulphur content of the concentrate and increase of copper contents of the matte. If the copper contents of the concentrate are respectively of 30 and 35 wt.-%, the critical oxygen contents of the blast will be 48 and 69 wt.-% respectively. The smelling rate increases linearly with the blast intensity. When the sulphur content of the concentrate is 30 wt.-%, the oxygen content of the blast 70 vol.-% and the copper content of the matte 60 wt.-%, a blast intensityy of 700 Nm<sup>3</sup>/m<sup>2</sup>·h results in a smeling rate of 48.81 t/m<sup>2</sup>·d.展开更多
Effects of FeO content (0, 5%, 10%, and 15% in mass, respectively ) in lab-synthesized smelting redttc- tion slag with iron bath and test temperature (1 450, 1 500, 1550, anti 1 600 ℃ ) on corrosion am,amount and...Effects of FeO content (0, 5%, 10%, and 15% in mass, respectively ) in lab-synthesized smelting redttc- tion slag with iron bath and test temperature (1 450, 1 500, 1550, anti 1 600 ℃ ) on corrosion am,amount and microstructure of fused rebonded magnesia - chrome brick with 26.02 massqc of Cr2O3 were researched by rotary cylinder method. The results show that : ( 1 ) the corro- sion amolult of magnesia -chrome brick by slag without FeO is higher than that by the slag with 5% FeO, and the vorrosion amount increases when FeO content increa- ses from 5% to 15% ; (2) the test temperature is one of the important factors affecting the slag corrosion resist- ance of magnesia - chrome brick, and the corrosion of smelting reduction slag to brick increases with the temperature rising.展开更多
model based on the bath-smelting process for the production of quality steels has been developed considering non-stoichiometric system. The thermodynamic function of slag has been used to calculat the activities a(i) ...model based on the bath-smelting process for the production of quality steels has been developed considering non-stoichiometric system. The thermodynamic function of slag has been used to calculat the activities a(i) of components present in the slag and metal.To determine the valency of the elements in bath slag and metal phase, an experimental method has been suggested.展开更多
The reduction of carbon-bearing manganese briquettes in a slag bath was experimentally investigated at temperatures ranging from 1550 to 1650 ℃. Both the internal temperature and the microstructure evolution of the b...The reduction of carbon-bearing manganese briquettes in a slag bath was experimentally investigated at temperatures ranging from 1550 to 1650 ℃. Both the internal temperature and the microstructure evolution of the briquettes were analyzed by differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectrum analysis, and the smelting reduction mechanism of the carbon-bearing manganese briquettes in the slag bath was further elaborated. The results indicated that the smelting reduction of the briquettes in the slag bath could be divided into three stages, and the aggregation and growth of the metallic particles during the reduction were significantly affected by the slag temperature. Under the experimental conditions, the reduction speed at the initial stage of the carbon-bearing manganese briquettes smelting reduction was controlled by the chemical reaction, whereas the reaction speeds at both the middle and following stages were limited by gaseous diffusion.展开更多
基金financial supports from the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1901604)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China (2018JJ3662)+1 种基金the China Scholarship Council (201706375005)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M632988)。
文摘The element partitioning in a Pb-Bi concentrate oxygen-rich bath smelting process was studied using thermodynamic equilibrium simulation method. Effects of oxygen to feed ratio(OFR) and sulfur dioxide partial pressure(pSO2) on the partitionings of Bi, Pb, As, Sb, Cu and Ag were analyzed and compared with industrial data. The results suggested that the optimal OFR was between 6.3 and 6.8 kmol/t to maximize Bi, Pb, Cu and Ag partitioning in the metal phase. Further increase of OFR led to the drop of metal partitioning and increase of slag liquidus temperature. High pSO2 led to high deportment of Bi and Pb in the gas phase mainly in the form of sulfides, suggesting that a low pSO2 was conducive for reducing the dust ratio.
文摘The molten slag in smelting reduction with iron bath has peculiar behaviour for its high FeO concentration. Slag foaming is effected by the concentration and reduction rate of FeO, basicity of slag and temperature. Addition of granulated coke can greatly decrease slag foaming extent in the process of smelting reduction with iron bath. The anti-foaming capacity of granulated coke is the best when the ratio of coke used for coke layer to total coke used in smelting reduction is controlled at about 20%.
基金Project(51574295) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2014FJ1011) supported by the Key Project of Science and Technology of Hunan Province,China+1 种基金Project(2012GS430201) supported by the Science and Technology Program for Public Wellbeing,ChinaProject supported by the Co-Innovation Center for Clean and Efficient Utilization of Strategic Metal Mineral Resources,China
文摘A new bath smelting process was proposed to recover iron for solid wastes reduction.99.79%of iron metallization,99.61%of iron recovery,pig iron with93.58%Fe,0.021%S,0.11%P,1.38%C,0.22%Si,0.01%Pb and0.031%Zn were achievedafter the wastes were smelted at1575°C for20min under C/Fe molar ratio of1.6and basicity of1.2.The produced pig iron could beused in steel-making.This study provides a way for recycling iron from smelting slag and hydrometallurgical residue.
文摘The process parameters for bath autogenous smelting of copper were selected based on dynamic analysis of the experimental data and calculation of the mathematical model. Selecting the slag composition of SiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe=0.80 and CaO%=16. desulphur ratio less than 80 wt.-% in system. and the copper content of matte less than 60 wt.-%, it is able to limit Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> formation and obtain a high desulphurization. The critical oxygen content of the blast increased with decrease of the sulphur content of the concentrate and increase of copper contents of the matte. If the copper contents of the concentrate are respectively of 30 and 35 wt.-%, the critical oxygen contents of the blast will be 48 and 69 wt.-% respectively. The smelling rate increases linearly with the blast intensity. When the sulphur content of the concentrate is 30 wt.-%, the oxygen content of the blast 70 vol.-% and the copper content of the matte 60 wt.-%, a blast intensityy of 700 Nm<sup>3</sup>/m<sup>2</sup>·h results in a smeling rate of 48.81 t/m<sup>2</sup>·d.
文摘Effects of FeO content (0, 5%, 10%, and 15% in mass, respectively ) in lab-synthesized smelting redttc- tion slag with iron bath and test temperature (1 450, 1 500, 1550, anti 1 600 ℃ ) on corrosion am,amount and microstructure of fused rebonded magnesia - chrome brick with 26.02 massqc of Cr2O3 were researched by rotary cylinder method. The results show that : ( 1 ) the corro- sion amolult of magnesia -chrome brick by slag without FeO is higher than that by the slag with 5% FeO, and the vorrosion amount increases when FeO content increa- ses from 5% to 15% ; (2) the test temperature is one of the important factors affecting the slag corrosion resist- ance of magnesia - chrome brick, and the corrosion of smelting reduction slag to brick increases with the temperature rising.
文摘model based on the bath-smelting process for the production of quality steels has been developed considering non-stoichiometric system. The thermodynamic function of slag has been used to calculat the activities a(i) of components present in the slag and metal.To determine the valency of the elements in bath slag and metal phase, an experimental method has been suggested.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this work from the Specialized Research Fund for the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51504090), the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metal- lurgy in the Wuhan University of Science and Technology (No.G201603) and the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (No. 20134219110004).
文摘The reduction of carbon-bearing manganese briquettes in a slag bath was experimentally investigated at temperatures ranging from 1550 to 1650 ℃. Both the internal temperature and the microstructure evolution of the briquettes were analyzed by differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectrum analysis, and the smelting reduction mechanism of the carbon-bearing manganese briquettes in the slag bath was further elaborated. The results indicated that the smelting reduction of the briquettes in the slag bath could be divided into three stages, and the aggregation and growth of the metallic particles during the reduction were significantly affected by the slag temperature. Under the experimental conditions, the reduction speed at the initial stage of the carbon-bearing manganese briquettes smelting reduction was controlled by the chemical reaction, whereas the reaction speeds at both the middle and following stages were limited by gaseous diffusion.
基金Project(2020YFC1909203) supported by the National Key R&D Project of ChinaProject(51874356) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2018TP1002) supported by the Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficiency Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources, China。