Leaf,spike,stem,and root morphologies are key factors that determine crop growth,development,and productivity.Multiple genes that control these morphological traits have been identified in Arabidopsis,rice,maize,and o...Leaf,spike,stem,and root morphologies are key factors that determine crop growth,development,and productivity.Multiple genes that control these morphological traits have been identified in Arabidopsis,rice,maize,and other plant species.However,little is known about the genomic regions and genes associated with morphological traits in wheat.Here,we identified the ethyl methanesulfonate-derived mutant wheat line M133 that displays multiple morphological changes that include upward-curled leaves,paired spikelets,dwarfism,and delayed heading.Using bulked segregant RNA sequencing(BSR-seq)and a high-resolution genetic map,we identified TraesCS1D02G155200(HBD2)as a potential candidate gene.HB-D2 encodes a class III homeodomain-leucine zipper(HD-ZIP III)transcription factor,and the mutation was located in the miRNA165/166 complementary site,resulting in a resistant allele designated rHb-D2.The relative expression of rHb2 in the mutant plants was significantly higher(P<0.01)than in plants homozygous for the WT allele.Independent resistant mutations that disrupt the miRNA165/166 complementary sites in the A-(rHb-A2)and B-genome(rHb-B2)homoeologs showed similar phenotypic alterations,but the relative intensity of the effects was different.Transgenic plants expressing rHb-D2 gene driven by the maize UBIQUITIN(UBI)promoter showed similar phenotypes to the rHb-D2 mutant.These results confirmed that HB-D2 is the causal gene responsible for the mutant phenotypes.Finally,a survey of 1397 wheat accessions showed that the complementary sites for miRNA165/166 in all three HB2 homoeologs are highly conserved.Our results suggest that HB2 plays an important role in regulating growth and development in wheat.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)165a,VEGF165b,and VEGF receptor(VEGFR)in the development of bovine follicles.Methods:We cultured follicular cells that were collected from s...Objective:To investigate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)165a,VEGF165b,and VEGF receptor(VEGFR)in the development of bovine follicles.Methods:We cultured follicular cells that were collected from small,medium,and large sized bovine follicles with estrogen and measured the expression of VEGF,VEGFR2 and VEGF165b by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence.Results:The expression of VEGF165 increased in all follicle sizes and the expression of VEGF165b was increased in the small and large follicles after culturing in an estrogen containing medium.The expression of VEGFR2 was increased in the medium and large follicles after culturing with estrogen for 96 h.VEGF165 was activated at 100 ng/mL estrogen in the large follicles for 96 h.In addition,VEGFR2 was upregulated in the medium and large follicles after treated with 100 ng/mL estrogen for 96 h.Conclusions:This evidence suggests that the expression of VEGF165 and VEGFR is associated with estrogen stimulation during the development of bovine follicles and in an autocrine or paracrine manner.This reveals an advantage during oocyte maturation in vitro.展开更多
目的:本实验探讨血管内皮生长因子165(VEGF165)对体外培养的胃癌细胞株BGC-823凋亡的影响和机制.方法:将BGC-823细胞分为对照组、感染复数(MOI=20)病毒Ad-GFP的Ad-GFP组,重组腺病毒Ad-VEGF165转染的Ad-VEGF165组.应用流式细胞仪检测细...目的:本实验探讨血管内皮生长因子165(VEGF165)对体外培养的胃癌细胞株BGC-823凋亡的影响和机制.方法:将BGC-823细胞分为对照组、感染复数(MOI=20)病毒Ad-GFP的Ad-GFP组,重组腺病毒Ad-VEGF165转染的Ad-VEGF165组.应用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡的百分率,RT-PCR方法检测凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2mRNA的表达,免疫细胞化学方法检测Bcl-2蛋白的表达情况.结果:流式细胞仪测定显示Ad-VEGF165组的细胞凋亡率明显低于Ad-GFP组和对照组(4.6%±0.31% vs 8.37%±1.06%.7.73%±0.86%,P<0.01);RT-PCR和细胞免疫化学结果显示VEGF165转染BGC-823细胞后促进了细胞Bcl-2mRNA和蛋白的表达.Ad-VEGF165组Bcl-2mRNA和蛋白均高于对照组和Ad-GFP组(Bcl-2mRNA:0.761±0.05 vs 0.363±0.12.0.356±0.08;Bcl-2蛋白:1.010±0.08 vs 0.865±0.07,0.901±0.05;P<0.01).结论:VEGF165通过上调凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2及其蛋白的表达,来抑制血浆饥饿诱导的胃癌细胞的凋亡.展开更多
目的观察5肽类似物165对老年性痴呆(Alzhei mer disease,AD)模型大鼠学习记忆能力及突触后致密区蛋白95(postsynaptic density95,PSD95)和骨架蛋白Shank1表达的影响。方法将45只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组和5肽类似物165治疗组,模...目的观察5肽类似物165对老年性痴呆(Alzhei mer disease,AD)模型大鼠学习记忆能力及突触后致密区蛋白95(postsynaptic density95,PSD95)和骨架蛋白Shank1表达的影响。方法将45只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组和5肽类似物165治疗组,模型组和治疗组大鼠按体重3mg/kg行双侧侧脑室链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)注射,第3天重复注射建立AD模型,对照组以人工脑脊液代替STZ。术后21d治疗组按体重0.34mg/(kg.d)给予APP5肽类似物165灌胃干预,其余两组以蒸馏水代替。3周后应用Morris水迷宫、免疫组织化学和Western blotting方法检测大鼠的学习记忆能力及PSD95和Shank1的表达。结果5肽类似物165治疗组大鼠的平均游泳时间较模型组明显缩短(P<0.01),且海马PSD95和Shank1阳性神经细胞数及PSD95和Shank1蛋白表达较模型组明显增加(P<0.05)。结论5肽类似物165可显著提高大鼠学习记忆能力,增加大鼠海马PSD95和Shank1表达,表明其对突触功能和可塑性具改善作用。展开更多
基金supported by the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Shandong(ZR2021MC056 and ZR2021ZD30)the Open Project Funding of the State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvementfunded by Competitive Grant 202268013-36439(WheatCAP)from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture。
文摘Leaf,spike,stem,and root morphologies are key factors that determine crop growth,development,and productivity.Multiple genes that control these morphological traits have been identified in Arabidopsis,rice,maize,and other plant species.However,little is known about the genomic regions and genes associated with morphological traits in wheat.Here,we identified the ethyl methanesulfonate-derived mutant wheat line M133 that displays multiple morphological changes that include upward-curled leaves,paired spikelets,dwarfism,and delayed heading.Using bulked segregant RNA sequencing(BSR-seq)and a high-resolution genetic map,we identified TraesCS1D02G155200(HBD2)as a potential candidate gene.HB-D2 encodes a class III homeodomain-leucine zipper(HD-ZIP III)transcription factor,and the mutation was located in the miRNA165/166 complementary site,resulting in a resistant allele designated rHb-D2.The relative expression of rHb2 in the mutant plants was significantly higher(P<0.01)than in plants homozygous for the WT allele.Independent resistant mutations that disrupt the miRNA165/166 complementary sites in the A-(rHb-A2)and B-genome(rHb-B2)homoeologs showed similar phenotypic alterations,but the relative intensity of the effects was different.Transgenic plants expressing rHb-D2 gene driven by the maize UBIQUITIN(UBI)promoter showed similar phenotypes to the rHb-D2 mutant.These results confirmed that HB-D2 is the causal gene responsible for the mutant phenotypes.Finally,a survey of 1397 wheat accessions showed that the complementary sites for miRNA165/166 in all three HB2 homoeologs are highly conserved.Our results suggest that HB2 plays an important role in regulating growth and development in wheat.
文摘Objective:To investigate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)165a,VEGF165b,and VEGF receptor(VEGFR)in the development of bovine follicles.Methods:We cultured follicular cells that were collected from small,medium,and large sized bovine follicles with estrogen and measured the expression of VEGF,VEGFR2 and VEGF165b by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence.Results:The expression of VEGF165 increased in all follicle sizes and the expression of VEGF165b was increased in the small and large follicles after culturing in an estrogen containing medium.The expression of VEGFR2 was increased in the medium and large follicles after culturing with estrogen for 96 h.VEGF165 was activated at 100 ng/mL estrogen in the large follicles for 96 h.In addition,VEGFR2 was upregulated in the medium and large follicles after treated with 100 ng/mL estrogen for 96 h.Conclusions:This evidence suggests that the expression of VEGF165 and VEGFR is associated with estrogen stimulation during the development of bovine follicles and in an autocrine or paracrine manner.This reveals an advantage during oocyte maturation in vitro.
文摘目的:本实验探讨血管内皮生长因子165(VEGF165)对体外培养的胃癌细胞株BGC-823凋亡的影响和机制.方法:将BGC-823细胞分为对照组、感染复数(MOI=20)病毒Ad-GFP的Ad-GFP组,重组腺病毒Ad-VEGF165转染的Ad-VEGF165组.应用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡的百分率,RT-PCR方法检测凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2mRNA的表达,免疫细胞化学方法检测Bcl-2蛋白的表达情况.结果:流式细胞仪测定显示Ad-VEGF165组的细胞凋亡率明显低于Ad-GFP组和对照组(4.6%±0.31% vs 8.37%±1.06%.7.73%±0.86%,P<0.01);RT-PCR和细胞免疫化学结果显示VEGF165转染BGC-823细胞后促进了细胞Bcl-2mRNA和蛋白的表达.Ad-VEGF165组Bcl-2mRNA和蛋白均高于对照组和Ad-GFP组(Bcl-2mRNA:0.761±0.05 vs 0.363±0.12.0.356±0.08;Bcl-2蛋白:1.010±0.08 vs 0.865±0.07,0.901±0.05;P<0.01).结论:VEGF165通过上调凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2及其蛋白的表达,来抑制血浆饥饿诱导的胃癌细胞的凋亡.
文摘目的观察5肽类似物165对老年性痴呆(Alzhei mer disease,AD)模型大鼠学习记忆能力及突触后致密区蛋白95(postsynaptic density95,PSD95)和骨架蛋白Shank1表达的影响。方法将45只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组和5肽类似物165治疗组,模型组和治疗组大鼠按体重3mg/kg行双侧侧脑室链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ)注射,第3天重复注射建立AD模型,对照组以人工脑脊液代替STZ。术后21d治疗组按体重0.34mg/(kg.d)给予APP5肽类似物165灌胃干预,其余两组以蒸馏水代替。3周后应用Morris水迷宫、免疫组织化学和Western blotting方法检测大鼠的学习记忆能力及PSD95和Shank1的表达。结果5肽类似物165治疗组大鼠的平均游泳时间较模型组明显缩短(P<0.01),且海马PSD95和Shank1阳性神经细胞数及PSD95和Shank1蛋白表达较模型组明显增加(P<0.05)。结论5肽类似物165可显著提高大鼠学习记忆能力,增加大鼠海马PSD95和Shank1表达,表明其对突触功能和可塑性具改善作用。
