Impact of increasing one-carbon metabolites on traumatic brain injury outcome using pre-clinical models

Traumatic brain injury is a major cause of death and disability worldwide,affecting over 69 million individuals yearly.One-carbon metabolism has been shown to have beneficial effects after brain damage,such as ischemic stroke.However,whether increasing one-carbon metabolite vitamins impacts traumatic brain injury outcomes in patients requires more investigation.The aim of this review is to evaluate how one-carbon metabolites impact outcomes after the onset of traumatic brain injury.PubMed,Web of Science,and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies that examined the impact of B-vitamin supplementation on traumatic brain injury outcomes.The search terms included combinations of the following words:traumatic brain injury,dietary supplementation,one-carbon metabolism,and B-vitamins.The focus of each literature search was basic science data.The year of publication in the literature searches was not limited.Our analysis of the literature has shown that dietary supplementation of B-vitamins has significantly improved the functional and behavioral recove ry of animals with traumatic brain injury compared to controls.Howeve r,this improvement is dosage-dependent and is contingent upon the onset of supplementation and whether there is a sustained or continuous delive ry of vitamin supplementation post-traumatic brain injury.The details of supplementation post-traumatic brain injury need to be further investigated.Overall,we conclude that B-vitamin supplementation improves behavioral outcomes and reduces cognitive impairment post-traumatic brain injury in animal model systems.Further investigation in a clinical setting should be stro ngly considered in co njunction with current medical treatments for traumatic brain injury-affected individuals.

HBV C基因型有关的HBsAg阴性HBV DNA阳性患者S区突变对HBsAg的影响

目的通过构建HBV C基因型突变质粒研究HBsAg阴性HBV DNA阳性患者HBV S区突变对HBsAg水平的影响。方法收集2022年8月至2023年4月首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院107例HBsAg-/HBV DNA+患者血液样本,对成功提取扩增的HBV DNA S区进行测序,通过构建HBV C基因型突变质粒对HBV S区突变位点进行细胞功能验证,探讨OBI可能发生的分子机制。结果对成功提取扩增的68例患者进行测序,发现HBV S区存在大量突变,包括免疫逃逸突变(如sG145R、sK122R、sS114T、sT131P等)和跨膜结构域(transmembrane domain,TMD)突变(如sT5A、sG10D、sF20S等)。通过构建HBV C基因型突变质粒,进行细胞转染和细胞免疫荧光实验发现sG145R突变会明显降低HBsAg的表达,但是sK122R、sI26N、sQ29N、sR169H、sS114T、sT131P这6个突变位点并未影响细胞内外HBsAg的表达。结论通过测序发现HBsAg-/HBV DNA+患者HBV S区存在大量突变位点,通过构建sG145R、sK122R、sI26N、sQ29N、sS114T和ST131P等突变质粒发现sG145R突变会明显降低细胞内外HBsAg的表达,但是sK122R、sI26N、sQ29N、sR169H、sS114T、sT131P并未明显降低细胞内外HBsAg的表达。

Link Budget and Enhanced Communication Distance for Ambient Internet of Things

Backscatter communications will play an important role in connecting everything for beyond 5G(B5G)and 6G systems.One open challenge for backscatter communications is that the signals suffer a round-trip path loss so that the communication distance is short.In this paper,we first calculate the communication distance upper bounds for both uplink and downlink by measuring the tag sensitivity and reflection coefficient.It is found that the activation voltage of the envelope detection diode of the downlink tag is the main factor limiting the back-scatter communication distance.Based on this analysis,we then propose to implement a low-noise amplifier(LNA)module before the envelope detection at the tag to enhance the incident signal strength.Our experimental results on the hardware platform show that our method can increase the downlink communication range by nearly 20 m.

Blautia producta displays potential probiotic properties against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice

Blautia has attracted attention because of its potential efficacy in ameliorating host energy metabolism and inflammation.This study aims to investigate the influences of Blautia producta D4 on colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)and to reveal the underlying mechanisms.Results showed that B.producta D4 intervention significantly relieved body weight loss,and suppressed the elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines(including interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukin-1β(IL-1β))and excessive oxidative stress(myeloperoxidease(MPO)activity,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity,and malondialdehyde(MDA)level)in colitis mice.Moreover,the concentrations of tight junction proteins(occludin,claudin-1,and ZO-1)related to the intestinal barrier were obviously elevated,and colitis-related TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation was remarkably inhibited after B.producta D4 intervention.The intestinal microbial disorder was evidently ameliorated by increasing the relative abundance of Clostridium sensu stricto 1,Bifidobacterium,GCA-900066225,Enterorhabdus,and reducing the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group.In conclusion,oral administration of B.producta D4 could ameliorate DSS-induced colitis by suppressing inflammatory responses,maintaining the intestinal barrier,inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway,and regulating intestinal microbiota balance.These results are conducive to accelerate the development of B.producta D4 as a functional probiotic for colitis.

Quantitative hepatitis B core antibody and quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen:Novel viral biomarkers for chronic hepatitis B management

The management of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection now involves regular and appropriate monitoring of viral activity,disease progression,and treatment response.Traditional HBV infection biomarkers are limited in their ability to predict clinical outcomes or therapeutic effectiveness.Quantitation of HBV core antibodies(qAnti-HBc)is a novel non-invasive biomarker that may help with a variety of diagnostic issues.It was shown to correlate strongly with infection stages,hepatic inflammation and fibrosis,chronic infection exacerbations,and the presence of occult infection.Furthermore,qAnti-HBc levels were shown to be predictive of spontaneous or treatment-induced HBeAg and HBsAg seroclearance,relapse after medication termination,re-infection following liver transplantation,and viral reactivation in the presence of immunosuppression.qAnti-HBc,on the other hand,cannot be relied on as a single diagnostic test to address all problems,and its diagnostic and prognostic potential may be greatly increased when paired with qHBsAg.Commercial qAnti-HBc diagnostic kits are currently not widely available.Because many methodologies are only semi-quantitative,comparing data from various studies and defining universal cut-off values remains difficult.This review focuses on the clinical utility of qAnti-HBc and qHBsAg in chronic hepatitis B management.

Chronic hepatitis B and occult infection in chemotherapy patients-evaluation in oncology and hemato-oncology settings:The CHOICE study

BACKGROUND Reactivation of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is a well-known risk that can occur spontaneously or following immunosuppressive therapies,including cancer chemotherapy.HBV reactivation can cause significant morbidity and even mortality,which are preventable if at-risk individuals are identified through screening and started on antiviral prophylaxis.AIM To determine the prevalence of chronic HBV(CHB)and occult HBV infection(OBI)among oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing chemo-therapy.METHODS In this observational study,the prevalence of CHB and OBI was assessed among patients receiving chemotherapy.Serological markers of HBV infection[hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)/anti-hepatitis B core antigen(HBc)]were evaluated for all patients.HBV DNA levels were assessed in those who tested negative for HBsAg but positive for total anti-HBc.RESULTS The prevalence of CHB in the study cohort was determined to be 2.3%[95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.0-4.2].Additionally,the prevalence of OBI among the study participants was found to be 0.8%(95%CI:0.2-2.3).CONCLUSION The findings of this study highlight the importance of screening for hepatitis B infection in oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy.Identifying individuals with CHB and OBI is crucial for implementing appropriate antiviral prophylaxis to prevent the reactivation of HBV infection,which can lead to increased morbidity and mortality.

CK19、HBME-1、CD56、BRAF V600E、FAM210B在甲状腺乳头状结构诊断中的应用

目的探讨CK19、HBME-1、CD56、BRAF V600E和FAM210B蛋白表达在甲状腺乳头状结构诊断中的作用及FAM210B和BRAF V600E与甲状腺乳头状癌临床病理特征的关系。方法连续收集2017年1月—2020年9月××省第二人民医院PTC患者的病理标本279例,甲状腺乳头状增生标本85例。用免疫组化SP法检测甲状腺乳头状癌(papillary thyroid carcinoma,PTC)和甲状腺乳头状增生中CK19、HBME-1、CD56、BRAF V600E和FAM210B的表达情况,分析FAM210B和BRAF V600E在不同临床病理特征的PTC组织中的表达情况。结果CD56在PTC组织中表达率为10.03%,在甲状腺乳头状增生中表达率为94.12%;CK19、HBME-1、BRAF V600E、FAM210B在PTC组织中的阳性率均高于甲状腺乳头状增生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);FAM210B表达与年龄、肿块大小和淋巴结转移情况具有相关性,BRAF V600E表达与性别、年龄、肿块大小和淋巴结转移情况具有相关性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论CK19、HBME-1、FAM210B、BRAF V600E联合CD56标记有助于PTC的诊断和鉴别诊断;检测FAM210B和BRAF V600E有助于评估肿瘤的生物学行为及预后,对指导治疗和提高疗效有重要意义。

黄芪阳和汤调控PI3K/AKT/NF-κB信号通路促进糖尿病足溃疡大鼠创面愈合

目的基于磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(AKT)/核因子-κB(NF-κB)信号通路探究黄芪阳和汤对糖尿病足溃疡(DFU)大鼠创面愈合的影响。方法构建DFU大鼠模型,将建模成功的48只大鼠随机分为模型组,黄芪阳和汤低(8.5 g/kg)、高(17 g/kg)剂量组,黄芪阳和汤高剂量(17 g/kg)+LY294002(PI3K/AKT通路抑制剂,0.3 mg/kg)组;每组12只;另取12只大鼠为对照组。各组大鼠给予对应药物干预,连续4周。第14、28天给药后,观察大鼠一般状态及创面变化,计算创面愈合率,检测大鼠空腹血糖(FBG)水平和大鼠创面周围组织经皮氧分压(TcpO2);酶联免疫吸附试验检测大鼠血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素(IL)-6水平;苏木素-伊红染色观察大鼠创面组织病理学变化;免疫组织化学染色测定大鼠创面组织微血管密度;蛋白免疫印迹法检测大鼠创面组织中PI3K、磷酸化PI3K(p-PI3K)、AKT、磷酸化AKT(p-AKT)、NF-κB p65、磷酸化NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)、NF-κB抑制蛋白α(IκB-α)蛋白表达。结果对照组大鼠毛色光滑,饮食、饮水、排泄均正常,较活跃,创面愈合快,创面组织炎症反应较轻,新生血管较多,肉芽组织中成纤维细胞及胶原基质丰富;模型组大鼠毛色暗淡无光泽,活动减少,且出现多饮、多食、多尿症状,创面颜色较深,且周围组织出现水肿、溃疡,创面组织可见大量炎性细胞浸润,伴组织坏死、渗出,新生血管及成纤维细胞较少,创面愈合率、创面周围组织TcpO2、血清VEGF、HIF-1α、创面组织微血管密度、p-PI3K、p-AKT、IκB-α蛋白表达水平降低,FBG、血清CRP、IL-6、创面组织p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达升高(P<0.05);与模型组相比,黄芪阳和汤低、高剂量组大鼠状态逐渐改善,创面组织病变程度依次减轻,创面愈合率、创面周围组织TcpO2、血清VEGF、HIF-1α、创面组织微血管密度、p-PI3K、p-AKT、IκB-α蛋白表达水平依次升高,FBG、血清CRP、IL-6、创面组织p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达依次降低(P<0.05);LY294002能部分逆转高剂量黄芪阳和汤对DFU大鼠的治疗作用(P<0.05)。结论黄芪阳和汤能调控PI3K/AKT/NF-κB信号通路,抑制DFU大鼠炎症反应,促进血管新生,从而促进创面愈合。

儿童CD19 CAR-T细胞治疗相关B细胞再生障碍的临床意义和对策

急性B系淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)患儿在CD 19 CAR-T细胞治疗后普遍发生B细胞再生障碍(BCA),BCA持续的时间长短对患者的免疫状态及预后会产生影响。对BCA的充分认识有助于临床医师科学、规范、合理地选择治疗策略,减少CAR-T治疗后白血病患儿的感染机会,提高生活质量,改善预后。

七次广义Ball曲线的两种扩展

构造了两组含形状参数的多项式基函数:第一组基既是七次Wang-Ball基的扩展,又是七次Said-Ball基的扩展;第二组基既是七次Said-Ball基的扩展,又是七次Bernstein基的扩展。并由此定义了两种新的七次广义Ball曲线:前者不仅包括了七次Wang-Ball和Said-Ball曲线,还涵盖了无数条处于这两种曲线之间的曲线;后者不仅包括了七次Said-Ball和Bézier曲线,还涵盖了无数条处于这两种曲线之间的曲线。依次分析了两种新的广义Ball曲线与七次Bézier曲线之间的关系后明确了每个形状参数的几何意义,并给出了其几何作图法。

整合分析中国献血者人细小病毒B19 DNA的流行特征

目的:评估我国献血者B19 DNA的阳性率,并明确我国献血者B19分子流行特征,为国内各地区核酸筛查提供初步参考依据。方法:计算机检索PubMed、CNKI和万方数据库,两名研究者独立检索,时限为2000年1月至2022年12月,以中国献血者“人细小病毒B19 DNA”为检索词,使用Stata14.0软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入了16个研究,包括了32622名献血者,B19 DNA合并阳性率为1.4%(95%CI[0.8%~2.2%])。西南地区献血者B19 DNA合并阳性率最低,为0.4%(95%CI[0~1.3%]),华东地区和中南地区献血者B19 DNA阳性率最高,分别为2.4%(95%CI[0.3%~6.6%])和2.3%(95%CI[0.9%~4.3%]),东北地区献血者B19 DNA阳性率尚无相关调查研究文献。系统进化树分析显示,中国内地献血者的B19主要是基因型1。结论:中国献血者B19 DNA的合并阳性率>1%,存在输血传染B19的风险,建议重点对中国华东和中南地区献血者的血液进行筛查,并明确这两个地区基因型,以降低B19经输血传播的风险。

自拟平衡针灸通过调控PI3K-AKT信号通路及血清GABA水平对老年失眠的治疗作用

目的探讨自拟平衡针灸通过调控磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)-蛋白激酶B(AKT)信号通路及血清氨基丁酸(GABA)水平对老年失眠的治疗作用。方法以老年失眠患者120例作为研究对象,按照随机分组原则分为研究组及对照组,各60例。两组均采取阿普唑仑进行治疗,研究组在此基础上联合采取自拟平衡针灸进行治疗,两组均治疗4 w。比较两组治疗效果、临床改善指标、PI3K-AKT信号通路及GABA、多导睡眠监测仪指标、睡眠质量之间的差异。结果研究组治疗总有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组睡眠潜伏期、睡眠总时间及觉醒次数均显著改善,且研究组睡眠潜伏期、觉醒次数显著低于对照组(P<0.05),睡眠总时间显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组PI3K、AKT及GABA均显著改善,且研究组PI3K、AKT显著低于对照组,GABA显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组总睡眠时间(TST)、睡眠效率(SE),第一(TS1)、二(TS2)、三(TS3)及四期(TS4)睡眠、快速眼动睡眠时间(REM)、觉醒期时间(WASO)、睡眠潜伏期时间(SL)均显著改善,且研究组以上指标改善均显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组日间功能障碍、睡眠质量、睡眠时间、睡眠障碍及入睡时间均显著改善,且研究组日间功能障碍、睡眠质量、睡眠时间、睡眠障碍及入睡时间显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论自拟平衡针灸通过调控PI3K-AKT信号通路及血清GABA水平,有效降低局部炎性反应,优化神经系统的递质传递,有效改善患者的治疗效果。

血清SIRT1、Fibulin-5、Bcl-2/Bax与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂所致脑梗死的关系及联合检测价值

目的 探讨血清沉默信息调节蛋白1 (SIRT1)、衰老关键蛋白抗原-5 (Fibulin-5)、B淋巴细胞瘤基因-2(Bcl-2)/B淋巴细胞瘤基因-2相关X蛋白(Bax)与颈动脉粥样硬化(CAS)斑块破裂所致脑梗死(ACI)的关系及联合检测价值。方法 选取新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院2021年1月至2023年2月CAS斑块破裂所致ACI患者98例作为研究组,另选取同期CAS斑块未破裂患者98例作为对照组,比较两组血清SIRT1、Fibulin-5、Bcl-2、Bax水平,分析各血清指标对CAS斑块破裂所致ACI风险的影响及与病情的关系,并评价各血清学指标单独及联合预测CAS斑块破裂所致ACI的价值。结果 研究组血清SIRT1、Bcl-2水平低于对照组,Fibulin-5、Bax水平高于对照组(P<0.05);大面积梗死(MCI)患者血清SIRT1、Bcl-2水平<小面积梗死患者<腔隙性梗死(LI)患者,Fibulin-5、Bax水平>小面积梗死患者> LI患者(P<0.05);重度神经功能缺损患者血清SIRT1、Bcl-2水平<中度神经功能缺损患者<轻度神经功能缺损患者,Fibulin-5、Bax水平>中度神经功能缺损患者>轻度神经功能缺损患者(P<0.05);血清SIRT1、Bcl-2低水平患者CAS斑块破裂所致ACI风险是高水平患者的2.311倍、2.921倍,Fibulin-5、Bax高水平患者CAS斑块破裂所致ACI风险是低水平患者的3.470倍、3.184倍(P<0.05);血清SIRT1、Bcl-2与梗死面积、神经功能缺损程度呈负相关,Fibulin-5、Bax与梗死面积、神经功能缺损程度呈正相关(P<0.05);血清SIRT1、Fibulin-5、Bcl-2、Bax预测CAS斑块破裂所致ACI的AUC分别为0.716 (95%CI:0.648~0.778)、0.796 (95%CI:0.733~0.850)、0.728 (95%CI:0.660~0.789)、0.763 (95%CI:0.698~0.821),联合预测CAS斑块破裂所致ACI的AUC为0.909 (95%CI:0.860~0.945),优于各血清指标单独预测。结论 血清SIRT1、Fibulin-5、Bcl-2/Bax与CAS斑块破裂所致ACI及其病情程度密切相关,联合预测价值可靠,对临床开展防治工作具有指导意义。

EB病毒DNA、LDH、铁蛋白联合检测在诊断弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤中的意义

目的 观察分析EB病毒DNA、LDH、铁蛋白联合检测在诊断弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤中的意义。方法选取2020年12月—2022年12月本院收治的淋巴瘤患者50例和淋巴结炎患者50例为研究对象,分为淋巴瘤组与对照组。对两组进行EB病毒DNA、LDH、铁蛋白联合检测,测定血液中EB病毒DNA的阳性检出率、LDH水平和铁蛋白水平的区别。结果 淋巴瘤组DNA的阳性检出率要明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血清的对比中淋巴瘤组中的LDH和铁蛋白要明显高于对照组,LDH和铁蛋白高代表确诊恶性肿瘤的概率就越大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 EB病毒DNA、LDH、铁蛋白联合检测对诊断弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤具有重大意义,检测效果非常显著。

脱氧胆酸通过ROS/NF-κB通路对Barrett食管细胞氧化应激的影响

目的 探讨脱氧胆酸(DCA)对人BAR-T细胞氧化应激的影响及机制。方法 体外培养人Barrett上皮细胞株BAR-T,采用不同浓度的DCA(100、200、300μmol/L)和不同作用时间(30 min、60 min、3 h、6 h)干预BAR-T细胞。采用Real-time PCR法和Western blotting法检测环氧酶-2(COX-2)的mRNA和蛋白表达;采用显微镜观察和流式细胞仪检测细胞内活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)含量,并与200μmol/L DCA+5 mmol/L ROS清除剂N-乙酰半胱胺酸(NAC)组进行比较;采用细胞免疫荧光法检测细胞p65蛋白入核情况,并与200μmol/L DCA+100μmol/L NF-κB通路抑制剂吡咯烷二硫代甲酸铵(PDTC)组进行比较。结果 与对照组相比,DCA可以显著升高BAR-T细胞中ROS的含量,呈剂量依赖性,5 mmol/L NAC明显抑制DCA诱导的ROS释放。与对照组相比,相同干预时间下,DCA(200、300μmol/L组)均可以显著升高COX-2 mRNA表达。与1 h组相比,200、300μmol/L DCA 6 h组均可以显著升高COX-2 mRNA表达。与对照组比较,200μmol/L DCA可以显著升高COX-2蛋白表达。同时,200μmol/L DCA可以促进p65蛋白的入核,PDTC可以抑制DCA的作用。结论 DCA可能通过升高细胞内ROS水平,促进p65蛋白入核以激活NF-κB信号通路,进而上调COX-2的表达。

Chronic Hepatitis B in Indian Americans: Lack of Screening and Poor Linkage to Care

Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality in the United States (US) and globally. CHB disproportionately affects Asian Americans and many other immigrant minority populations, primarily owing to the high prevalence of CHB in their countries of origin. India is a country with a medium-to-high prevalence of hepatitis B (HB) (>2%) and has over 40 million people infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), with more than 115,000 deaths annually from HBV-related complications. Indian Americans are one of the largest immigrant populations in the US but remain underdiagnosed and poorly linked to clinical care. We, therefore, assessed the HBV prevalence and evaluated the linkage-to-care (LTC) among Indian Americans to develop strategic plans to reduce the impact of HBV in the US. Methods: Between April 2022 and January 2024, serologic screening and surveys were provided to 328 Indian American adults (age 20 - 80) in New York City. All participants were tested for a triple panel consisting of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs), and hepatitis B core IgG antibody (anti-HBc). A survey was conducted on the subjects chronically infected with HBV regarding their histories of infection. Self-administered questionnaires were employed to evaluate demographic and epidemiologic characteristics. Results: Of 328 screened and evaluated (246 males and 82 females), 10 (3.0%) were HBV-infected, 222 (67.7%) were susceptible to HBV, and 96 (29.3%) were immune. The prevalence of chronic HBV varied between the age groups: 4.6% (age 20 - 40), 3.4% (age 41 - 60), and 1.7% (age 61 - 80). Of 10 chronically infected, only two subjects had been previously diagnosed but were not engaged in care. Conclusion: HBV disproportionately affects Asian Americans, primarily owing to immigration from parts of the world where the disease is endemic. Indian Americans belong to an intermediate-risk group, with an HBV prevalence of >2%, but remain underdiagnosed and poorly linked to care. Our pilot study on Indian American populations, the first of its kind, demonstrates a 3% prevalence of CHB, none of whom are linked to care. In addition, this population has a high percentage of unimmune subjects, creating a large reservoir for future infection. With the growing population of Indian Americans, our findings can be used to develop community-based strategies for HBV screenings and LTC that target high-risk groups.

Ywhab通过靶向Hsp90aa1抑制小鼠B细胞淋巴瘤38B9细胞生长

目的:研究Ywhab在小鼠B细胞淋巴瘤发生发展中的作用,并探讨其可能的分子机制。方法:使用生物信息学分析Ywhab与弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)的相关性。在小鼠B细胞淋巴瘤38B9细胞中感染逆转录病毒构建Ywhab基因过表达细胞系,并采用RT-qPCR和Western blot验证Ywhab的mRNA及蛋白(14-3-3β)水平;通过细胞计数法、CCK-8法和小鼠皮下成瘤实验检测Ywhab过表达对38B9细胞在体内外生长的影响;RT-qPCR和Western blot检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白的表达;应用蛋白质免疫共沉淀联合蛋白质谱(CoIP-MS)筛选与14-3-3β特异性结合的蛋白并采用Western blot及分子对接分析进行验证。结果:Ywhab基因在DLBCL中低表达,其低表达预示DLBCL患者的临床预后较差。与正常小鼠骨髓B细胞相比,Ywhab在38B9细胞中低表达。Ywhab过表达能在体内外诱导38B9细胞凋亡,促进凋亡蛋白Puma、Noxa和Bax的mRNA及蛋白表达,抑制抗凋亡蛋白Bcl2的mRNA及蛋白表达(P<0.05)。14-3-3β蛋白能特异性结合Hsp90aa1蛋白并抑制其表达,从而促进38B9细胞凋亡。结论:Ywhab能够显著诱导小鼠B细胞淋巴瘤38B9细胞凋亡,其机制可能是通过靶向抑制Hsp90aa1蛋白表达来实现的。

Prevention of hepatitis B reactivation in patients with hematologic malignancies treated with novel systemic therapies:Who and Why?

The risk of reactivation in patients with chronic or past/resolved hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection receiving chemotherapy or immunosuppressive drugs is a wellknown possibility.The indication of antiviral prophylaxis with nucleo(t)side analogue is given according to the risk of HBV reactivation of the prescribed therapy.Though the advent of new drugs is occurring in all the field of medicine,in the setting of hematologic malignancies the last few years have been characterized by several drug classes and innovative cellular treatment.As novel therapies,there are few data about the rate of HBV reactivation and the decision of starting or not an antiviral prophylaxis could be challenging.Moreover,patients are often treated with a combination of different drugs,so evaluating the actual role of these new therapies in increasing the risk of HBV reactivation is difficult.First results are now available,but further studies are still needed.Patients with chronic HBV infection[hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)positive]are reasonably all treated.Past/resolved HBV patients(HBsAg negative)are the actual area of uncertainty where it could be difficult choosing between prophylaxis and pre-emptive strategy.

Coupling of BiOCl Ultrathin Nanosheets with Carbon Quantum Dots for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance

Over the past few decades,photocatalysis technology has received extensive attention because of its potential to mitigate or solve energy and environmental pollution problems.Designing novel materials with outstanding photocatalytic activities has become a research hotspot in this field.In this study,we prepared a series of photocatalysts in which BiOCl nanosheets were modified with carbon quantum dots(CQDs)to form CQDs/BiOCl composites by using a simple solvothermal method.The photocatalytic performance of the resulting CQDs/BiOCl composite photocatalysts was assessed by rhodamine B and tetracycline degradation under visible-light irradiation.Compared with bare BiOCl,the photocatalytic activity of the CQDs/BiOCl composites was significantly enhanced,and the 5 wt%CQDs/BiOCl composite exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity with a degradation efficiency of 94.5%after 30 min of irradiation.Moreover,photocatalytic N_(2)reduction performance was significantly improved after introducing CQDs.The 5 wt%CQDs/BiOCl composite displayed the highest photocatalytic N_(2)reduction performance to yield NH_3(346.25μmol/(g h)),which is significantly higher than those of 3 wt%CQDs/BiOCl(256.04μmol/(g h)),7 wt%CQDs/BiOCl(254.07μmol/(g h)),and bare BiOCl(240.19μmol/(g h)).Our systematic characterizations revealed that the key role of CQDs in improving photocatalytic performance is due to their increased light harvesting capacity,remarkable electron transfer ability,and higher photocatalytic activity sites.

LAG3分子对泡球蚴感染小鼠肝脏B淋巴细胞亚群及其功能的影响

目的 探究淋巴细胞活化基因-3(Lymphocyte activation gene-3,LAG3)分子对泡球蚴感染小鼠肝脏B淋巴细胞亚群及其功能的影响。方法 将野生型(C57-wild-type, WT)和LAG3基因敲除(LAG3-knockout, LAG3-KO)小鼠经肝门静脉注射泡球蚴原头节,感染12周免疫组织化学染色观察小鼠肝脏CD19和α-SMA表达及定位,流式细胞术检测小鼠肝脏B细胞及其各亚群和表面CD80、CD86、MHC-Ⅱ分子的表达情况。结果 泡球蚴感染12周小鼠肝脏LAG3-KO组CD19阳性区及面积占比略高于WT组,但差异均无统计学意义。α-SMA在LAG3-KO组阳性区及面积占比显著高于WT组(t=-3.224、-3.227,P均<0.05)。LAG3-KO组肝脏B细胞表达CD80和MHC-Ⅱ分子的比例显著上调,差异具有统计学意义(t=-2.379、-3.321,P均<0.05)。LAG3-KO组B2细胞占比显著高于WT组,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.695,P<0.05)。LAG3-KO组B1b细胞表达CD80比例亦显著上调,差异具有统计学意义(t=-5.315,P<0.001),而B2细胞表达CD80比例显著低于WT组,且差异具统计学意义(t=2.806,P<0.05)。LAG3-KO组B2细胞表达MHC-Ⅱ分子显著上调,且具统计学差异(t=-4.227,P<0.01)。结论 泡球蚴感染中期12周,LAG3分子影响小鼠肝脏B细胞亚群及功能,并以B2型淋巴细胞尤为显著,LAG3对B细胞的活化以及MHC-Ⅱ类分子表达产生抑制作用,提示其可能参与泡球蚴感染下的B细胞耗竭。