Intergeneric chromosome-specific painting reveals differential chromosomal transmission from Tripidium arundinaceum in sugarcane progeny

Sugarcane has recently attracted increasing attention for its potential as a source of sugar and bioethanol,so increasing its yield is essential to ensure the sugar security and bioenergy production.Intergeneric hybridization is a highly efficient method to produce new genetic variants of crop plants,particularly those species with high ploidy such as sugarcane(Saccharum spp.).Tripidium arundinaceum exhibits many desirable agronomic traits,and has been widely studied to produce hybrids with improved stress tolerance and other characteristics in sugarcane breeding.However,the genetic relationship between T.arundinaceum and Saccharum species,and the individual T.arundinaceum chromosomal compositions in sugarcane hybrids are still elusive.Here we used whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)to ascertain the phylogenetic relationships between these species and found that T.arundinaceum is more closely related to Saccharum than Sorghum,in contrast to the previous narrow genetic analyses using chloroplast DNA.Additionally,oligonucleotide(oligo)-based chromosome-specific painting derived from Saccharum officinarum was able to distinctly identify the chromosomes of T.arundinaceum.We developed the oligo-genomic in situ hybridization(GISH)system for the first time,to unveil the novel chromosome translocations and the transmission of individual T.arundinaceum chromosomes in sugarcane progeny.Notably,we discovered that the chromosomal transmission of T.arundinaceum exhibited several different inheritance modes,including n,2n,and over 2n in the BC1 progenies.Such inheritance patterns may have resulted from first division restitution(FDR)or FDR+nondisjunction of a chromosome with the sister chromatids in the second meiosis division/second division restitution(FDR+NSC/SDR)model during meiosis.These results will be of substantial benefit for the further selection of T.arundinaceum chromosomes for sugarcane genetic improvement.

Investigation of the Film Formation in Dynamic Air Spray Painting

To accurately predict the film thickness distribution during dynamic spraying performed with air guns and support accordingly the development of intelligent spray painting,the spray problem was analyzed numerically.In particular,the Eulerian-Eulerian approach was employed to calculate the paint atomization and film deposition process.Different spray heights,spray angles,spray gun movement speeds,spray trajectory curvature radii,and air pressure values were considered.Numerical simulation results indicate that the angle of spray painting significantly affects the velocity of droplets near the spray surface.With an increase in the spraying angle,spraying height and spray gun movement speed,the maximum film thickness decreases to varying degrees,and the uniformity of the film thickness also continuously worsens.When the spray gun moves along an arc trajectory,at smaller arc radii,the film thickness on the inside of the arc is slightly greater than that on the outside,but the impact on the maximum film thickness is minimal.Increasing air pressure expands the coating coverage area,results in finer atomization of paint droplets,and leads to a thinner and a more uniform paint film.However,if the pressure is too high,it can cause paint splattering.Using the orthogonal experimental method,multiple sets of simulation calculations were conducted,and the combined effects of spraying height,spray angle,and spray gun movement speed on the film thickness distribution were comprehensively analyzed to determine optimal configurations.Finally,the reliability of the numerical simulations was validated through dynamic spray painting experiments.

Description of the Cover Picture

The cover picture is taken from the article “Improved scatter search algorithm for multi-skilled personnel scheduling of ship block painting ”. Ship painting operation has very strict processing time requirements,which play a very important role in shipbuilding. Focuses on the optimization method for multi-skilled painting personnel scheduling,the budget working time analysis is carried out considering the influence of operating area,difficulty of spraying area,multi-skilled workers.

Improved Scatter Search Algorithm for Multi-skilled Personnel Scheduling of Ship Block Painting

This paper focuses on the optimization method for multi-skilled painting personnel scheduling.The budget working time analysis is carried out considering the influence of operating area,difficulty of spraying area,multi-skilled workers,and worker’s efficiency,then a mathematical model is established to minimize the completion time. The constraints of task priority,paint preparation,pump management,and neighbor avoidance in the ship block painting production are considered. Based on this model,an improved scatter search(ISS)algorithm is designed,and the hybrid approximate dynamic programming(ADP)algorithm is used to improve search efficiency. In addition,the two solution combination methods of path-relinking and task sequence combination are used to enhance the search breadth and depth. The numerical experimental results show that ISS has a significant advantage in solving efficiency compared with the solver in small scale instances;Compared with the scatter search algorithm and genetic algorithm,ISS can stably improve the solution quality. Verified by the production example,ISS effectively shortens the total completion time of the production,which is suitable for scheduling problems in the actual painting production of the shipyard.

Chinese Documentaries

Living with a Masterpiece.Director:Chu Tianshu.Length:Four Episodes.Producer:The Palace Museum.Broadcasting Platform:bilibili.The famous traditional Chinese painting Qingming Festival at the Riverside captures the urban landscape and life in Bianliang,the capital of Northern Song Dynasty(960-1127).The four episodes of this film tell the story of this painting and its way into the collection of the Forbidden City,not only the hardships and turn of events which people experienced during the process of collecting it for today’s Palace Museum,but also generations of staff working in the fields of copying,restoration,digitization,and research.

Beauty in the Gathering:Exhibition of Precious Collection from Art Museums Around China

"Beauty in the Gathering:Exhibition of Precious Collection from Art Museums around China"opens at the National Art Museum of China(NAMOC)on February 1 and lasts until April 1.The exhibition provides a glimpse of the great variety of art collected by 15 museums,and distinctive features that vary from region to region,which has witnessed the further prosperity and development of the art museum industry since the new era.The exhibition showcases over 500 pieces of traditional Chinese painting,oil painting,printmaking,watercolor painting,lacquer painting,sculpture,folk art,mixed media art,calligraphy and other collections provided by these museums.

The Study of “Imitation” Aesthetics in Ancient Painting Theory-Taking the Chinese and Western Sources as an Example

The theory of“imitation”in painting occupies a leading position in western art,which originated from the theory of“imitation”in ancient Greece,and has become one of the art theories affecting the world through the continuous development of later generations.Through the exploration of the source of“imitation”in China and the West,there are some comments on the meaning of“imitation”in Chinese classical painting theory,such as“transfer model writing”and“image form”,which is obvious differences from the west.Traditional Chinese painting is a combination of careful observation of natural things and subjective emotions to express their own aesthetic feelings,and ultimately form a vivid artistic conception.Modern imitation is borrowed from Western imitation.In fact,imitation in traditional painting has its own meaning,which contains Chinese aesthetic thought.“Imitation”aesthetics is unique in traditional Chinese painting and is the most important form of painting art.

The Art of The Ages

Ethiopian artist presents the 64 characters of the ancient Chinese classic divination text the I Ching in a series of unique paintings Dawit Muluneh,50,found his calling for painting and sculpture at an early age.Born and raised in Ethiopia’s capital Addis Ababa,he abandoned the playground and became obsessed with watching his uncle paint.

绘画知识

1. Sketch素描.Sketching is a monochrome drawing that uses lines to depict the light and shade of objects with materials such as charcoal, pencils, or pens. Monochrome watercolor and monochrome oil paintings can also be considered sketches;traditional Chinese fineline paintings and ink wash paintings can also be called sketches. Usually, sketching refers to pencil and charcoal drawings.

Exploration of the Expression of Color Emotion in Oil Painting Sketch Creation

This paper deeply analyzes the expression of color emotion in oil painting sketch creation.Starting with the three basic attributes of color theory(hue,lightness,and purity),this paper discusses its emotional symbolic significance and the relationship between contrast and harmony.By interpreting the works of artists such as Van Gogh’s Sunflower,Monet’s Rouen Cathedral,and Cézanne’s Mont Sainte-Victoire,this paper shows the unique charm of different colors in conveying emotions,creating atmosphere,and expressing themes.At the same time,it is expounded that in the creation of an oil painting sketch,the effective expression of color emotion can be realized by observing nature,using subjective colors,and reasonable composition and layout of colors,so as to enhance the artistic value of the works.

Analysis of Color and Artistic Conception in Painting Art

The charm of painting,as a bright pearl in the treasure house of culture,lies in its visual language constructed through colors and lines,which conveys the artist’s unique perception of life and profound emotions.Color,as the most intuitive and expressive language in painting,is not only a simple reproduction of material colors but also a projection of the artist’s inner world.Artistic conception,as a core concept in traditional Chinese painting theory,refers to the emotional atmosphere and spiritual mood embedded in paintings.The purpose of this paper is to discuss the interaction between color and mood in painting art,to analyze the techniques of using color in different painting styles and their influence on the creation of mood,and to provide new perspectives and methods for the creation of paintings.

Color Expression and Mood Creation in Imagery Oil Painting

Oil painting is a traditional Western painting form.With the introduction of China and the influence of China’s traditional painting and aesthetics,the painting style became more distinctive,expanding a new development direction of oil painting,and thus imagery oil painting came into being.Color,as the most important element in imagery oil painting,mainly plays the role of mood creation and emotional expression.Many creators are good at injecting their thoughts and emotions into the paintings through color matching,so as to enhance the artistic expression of the paintings.This paper analyzes the color expression characteristics of imagery oil painting and explores the color expression techniques in imagery oil painting and mood creation of imagery oil painting from several aspects.

Karyotypic evolution in family Hipposideridae (Chiroptera, Mammalia) revealed by comparative chromosome painting, G- and C-banding

Comparing to its sister-family （Rhinolophidae）, Hipposideridae was less studied by cytogenetic approaches. Only a few high-resolution G-banded karyotypes have been reported so far, and most of the conclusions on the karyotypic evolution in Hipposideridae were based on conventional Giemsa-staining. In this study, we applied comparative chromosome painting, a method of choice for genome-wide comparison at the molecular level, and G- and C-banding to establish comparative map between five hipposiderid species from China, using a whole set of chromosome-specific painting probes from one of them （Aselliscus stoliczkanus）. G-band and C-band comparisons between homologous segments defined by chromosome painting revealed that Robertsonian translocations, paracentric inversions and heterochromatin addition could be the main mechanism of chromosome evolution in Hipposideridae. Comparative analysis of the conserved chromosomal segments among five hipposiderid species and outgroup species suggests that bi-armed chromosomes should be included into the ancestral karyotype of Hipposideridae, which was previously believed to be exclusively composed of acrocentric chromosomes.

MULTI-PHASE ACTIVE CONTOUR MODEL FOR IMAGE SEGMENTATION BASED ON LEVEL SETS

A new multi-phase active contour model is proposed for the image segmentation. It is a generalization of the C-V model with the following characteristics： （1） A key technique, called the technique of painting background （TPBG）, is developed to remove the information of the background, which blocks the detection of weak boundaries in the object; （2） The two-phase level set is applied multiple times for getting the multi-phase segmentation model （n-1 times for the n-phase model, n〉1）; （3） A scaling-based method is introduced to improve the basic model. Experimental results show that the proposed model is effective for detecting weak boundaries.

PYRAMIDAL MULTIPHASE LEVEL SET FRAMEWORK FOR BRAIN TUMOR DETECTION USING GENERALIZED TECHNIQUE OF PAINTING BACKGROUND

The pyramidal multiphase level set framework （PMLSF） based on the technique of painting background （TPBG） and the Chan-Vese model can detect multiple objects on a given image. However, the boundaries of the sub-object obtained by PMLSF-TPBG are not variable since a specialcolor parameter is used in TPBG. To solve the problem, a new technique utilizing a varying parameter is proposed to ensure that PMLSF is effective for the detection of the desired boundaries of the sub-object. The interval of the variable color parameter is proved and the effects of the parameter are also discussed. Experimental results for the brain tumor detection show that different boundaries of the brain tumors can be detected with different color parameters. It is especially useful for clinical diagnoses.

视觉空间的诗学探索——观邓国源装置作品《诺亚花园》有感

2014年11月3日,邓国源的大型装置艺术作品《诺亚花园》在天津美术学院美术馆序厅面向公众展出。作品通过镜面的无穷折射制造出了一个亦真亦幻的视觉空间,同时用一种富于传统"诗情画意"的视觉意象,缔造出了一个贴近传统感官文化,却又远不啻于传统的艺术世界。今天的当代装置艺术创作,则正在重建一个完全不同的世界。《诺亚花园》这样的作品具有当代诗学意义,因为它不仅在艺术家自身的装置艺术探索当中具有某种标志意义,同时也为当代诸多正在进行的新艺术探索提供了一个良好的经验范例:怎样的新媒体艺术作品,才能成为经得起"推敲"的作品?《诺亚花园》,在艺术家邓国源近十余年的艺术探索历程中,形成了一个特殊的聚焦点,它在颠覆视觉惯性的同时重建着一个开放性的空间;更多的可能性,不仅在目光的折射当中,更在诗意心灵的彼此对话当中。

The influence of modern painting on Faulkner in Go Down, Moses

Challenging traditional Western painting rules, modem paintings depict one object from multi-angles and advocate the autonomy of art. Seldom do people know that Faulkner loved painting when he was young and modem paintings exert a subtle influence on him. In his Yoknapatawpha, William Faulkner breaks the time and space order and the consistency of plot in traditional novels, which demonstrates aesthetic effect of modem painting and embodies the allegation of modern painting that art is autonomous. This paper will analyze the deep influence of modern painting on Faulkner＇s writing techniques and language characteristics, providing a new perspective to aonreciate the art of Faulkner＇s Yoknapatawpha.

Building Landscape Art with Study of Buddhism in Poetry and Drawing

Many aspects have very important effects on garden art,such as landscape poetry,landscape painting,or related poetic theory,painting theory.Among them,the characteristics of the Buddhism of poetry and painting provide a basis on creating Zen State in garden.The ideal state of poetry constitutes the aesthetic realm of garden and its gardening techniques.

《儿女情长》创作心得

陈治、武欣两位青年画家因画结缘,早年同为天津美术学院的同班同学,且都师从于工笔人物大家何家英先生。毕业后,陈治留母校任教,现为天津美术学院副教授;而武欣则成为了天津画院的专职画家,现为国家二级美术师。他们始终对于家庭生活题材有着浓厚的兴趣及表现欲望,并以此为视角,寻求最符合自我的表达方式来表现真实的生活及自身对生活的感悟。自二人合作以来,不论是获得了第十一届全国美展银奖的作品《零点》,还是此次获得第十二届全国美展金奖的作品《儿女情长》(该作品在我刊今年第一期,介绍本届全国美展中国画展的文章中已有先期报道),都以个人的独特视角来表现淳朴的家庭生活,展示了当下社会中普通人的生活状态,激发观者从情感上产生共鸣。当我们面对《儿女情长》这样一幅作品时,有必要进一步了解作品背后的创作缘由、创作过程,并探求由此生发的更为深层的创作意义。

基于寡核苷酸探针套painting的小麦“中国春”非整倍体高清核型及应用

基于寡核苷酸探针套painting的染色体鉴定技术简单、经济和高效,可以促进小麦品种及亲缘物种染色体识别和变异体鉴定,提高染色体工程效率。我们前期开发了寡核苷酸探针套,包含p As1-1、p As1-3、AFA-4、(GAA)10和p Sc119.2-1共5个探针。本研究通过一次荧光原位杂交(FISH),对源于17个非整倍体的18份材料分析发现,其中14个染色体组成正确,可以清晰识别相应的缺体、四体和端体。还构建了基于寡核苷酸探针套涂染的、能准确识别3个基因组和7个部分同源群染色体的高清核型,发现4个非整倍体发生变异,其中从N5BT5D中鉴定出一个可能的小片段相互易位系T6AS·6AL-6DL和T6DS·6DL-6AL。进一步对7个地方品种、10个栽培品种(系)和1个人工合成小麦分析,发现15条染色体存在多态性,涉及6条B组(除4B)、5条A组(除1A和3A)和4条D组(1D、2D、4D和7D)染色体,可以清晰识别我国小麦生产上广泛应用的3种易位类型(T1RS·1BL、T6VS·6AL及相互易位T1RS·7DL和T7DS·1BL),省去了基因组原位杂交(GISH)程序。另外,对5个亲缘物种分析发现,该探针套可以识别栽培一粒小麦、硬粒小麦Langdon、荆州黑麦、长穗偃麦草(2n=2x=14)全部和中间偃麦草30条染色体,并构建了这5个物种的核型。本研究结果证实该寡核苷酸探针套可以有效用于小麦及亲缘物种染色体鉴定,高清晰的中国春非整倍体核型为小麦染色体工程提供了参考标准。