Paired t-tests are widely used to compare differences in paired continuous outcomes. This test, however, does not apply to non-continuous outcomes. For binary outcomes,McNemar's test is the de facto method for com...Paired t-tests are widely used to compare differences in paired continuous outcomes. This test, however, does not apply to non-continuous outcomes. For binary outcomes,McNemar's test is the de facto method for comparing differences in paired binary variables. For count or frequency outcomes, there is not much discussion in the literature. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test is often used to assess differences in paired count outcomes. However, like the Mann-Whitney U test, or Wilcoxon rank-sum test for comparing two independent groups, the Wilcoxon signedrank test is generally not efficient(powerful). In this essay,we consider some alternative methods for comparing paired count outcomes and compare them with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test using Monte Carlo simulations.展开更多
[Objectives]To reduce suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior through initial screening of patients with suicidal tendencies and implementing suicide prevention interventions during their hospitalization.[Methods]The ...[Objectives]To reduce suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior through initial screening of patients with suicidal tendencies and implementing suicide prevention interventions during their hospitalization.[Methods]The Taihe Emotion-distress Index(THEI)was used to conduct pre-admission and post-discharge tests to explore the effects of suicide prevention measures during hospitalization on the alleviation of the disease and the reduction of suicidal behaviors.The study selected patients who were diagnosed with depression in the psychological outpatient department of Taihe Hospital from April 2019 to September 2019 and had to be hospitalized,including patients with moderate depressive episodes,severe depressive episodes with or without psychotic symptoms,and patients with suicidal thoughts and self-harming behaviors.[Results]The pre-admission and post-discharge test data of hospitalized patients were analyzed,and the non-parametric paired sample T test was carried out,and the result was P<0.05,showing that there are significant differences between the pre-admission and post-discharge test data.[Conclusions]The measures of suicide prevention intervention are effective to a certain extent.展开更多
Various compact difference schemes （both old and new, explicit and implicit, one-level and two-level）, which approximate the diffusion equation and SchrSdinger equation with periodical boundary conditions are constr...Various compact difference schemes （both old and new, explicit and implicit, one-level and two-level）, which approximate the diffusion equation and SchrSdinger equation with periodical boundary conditions are constructed by means of the general approach. The results of numerical experiments for various initial data and right hand side are presented. We evaluate the real order of their convergence, as well as their stability, effectiveness, and various kinds of monotony. The optimal Courant number depends on the number of grid knots and on the smoothness of solutions. The competition of various schemes should be organized for the fixed number of arithmetic operations, which are necessary for numerical integration of a given Cauchy problem. This approach to the construction of compact schemes can be developed for numerical solution of various problems of mathematical physics.展开更多
基金partially supported by the National Institutes of Health,Grant UL1TR001442 of CTSA funding
文摘Paired t-tests are widely used to compare differences in paired continuous outcomes. This test, however, does not apply to non-continuous outcomes. For binary outcomes,McNemar's test is the de facto method for comparing differences in paired binary variables. For count or frequency outcomes, there is not much discussion in the literature. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test is often used to assess differences in paired count outcomes. However, like the Mann-Whitney U test, or Wilcoxon rank-sum test for comparing two independent groups, the Wilcoxon signedrank test is generally not efficient(powerful). In this essay,we consider some alternative methods for comparing paired count outcomes and compare them with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test using Monte Carlo simulations.
文摘[Objectives]To reduce suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior through initial screening of patients with suicidal tendencies and implementing suicide prevention interventions during their hospitalization.[Methods]The Taihe Emotion-distress Index(THEI)was used to conduct pre-admission and post-discharge tests to explore the effects of suicide prevention measures during hospitalization on the alleviation of the disease and the reduction of suicidal behaviors.The study selected patients who were diagnosed with depression in the psychological outpatient department of Taihe Hospital from April 2019 to September 2019 and had to be hospitalized,including patients with moderate depressive episodes,severe depressive episodes with or without psychotic symptoms,and patients with suicidal thoughts and self-harming behaviors.[Results]The pre-admission and post-discharge test data of hospitalized patients were analyzed,and the non-parametric paired sample T test was carried out,and the result was P<0.05,showing that there are significant differences between the pre-admission and post-discharge test data.[Conclusions]The measures of suicide prevention intervention are effective to a certain extent.
文摘Various compact difference schemes （both old and new, explicit and implicit, one-level and two-level）, which approximate the diffusion equation and SchrSdinger equation with periodical boundary conditions are constructed by means of the general approach. The results of numerical experiments for various initial data and right hand side are presented. We evaluate the real order of their convergence, as well as their stability, effectiveness, and various kinds of monotony. The optimal Courant number depends on the number of grid knots and on the smoothness of solutions. The competition of various schemes should be organized for the fixed number of arithmetic operations, which are necessary for numerical integration of a given Cauchy problem. This approach to the construction of compact schemes can be developed for numerical solution of various problems of mathematical physics.
