Bibliometric analysis of olaparib and pancreatic cancer from 2009 to 2022:A global perspective

BACKGROUND Genetic screening for breast cancer gene 1(BRCA)1/2 mutations can inform breast/ovarian/pancreatic cancer patients of suitable therapeutic interventions.Four to seven percent of pancreatic cancer patients have germline BRCA mutations.BRCA genes aid in DNA repair,especially homologous recombination,which impacts genomic stability and cancer cell growth.BRCA1 regulates the cell cycle,ubiquitination,and chromatin remodeling,whereas BRCA2 stimulates the immune response.They predict the efficacy of platinum chemotherapy or polymerase(PARP)inhibitors such as olaparib.AIM To determine the trends and future directions in the use of olaparib for pancreatic cancer treatment.METHODS To evaluate the trends in how olaparib works in pancreatic cancer,we performed a bibliometric analysis.One hundred and ninety-six related publications were accessed from the Web of Science Core Collection and were published between 2009 and 2022.The analytic parameters included publications,related citations,productive countries and institutes,influential authors,and keyword development.RESULTS This study visualizes and discusses the current research,including the present global trends and future directions in olaparib and pancreatic cancer.Overall,this study sheds light on optimizing the use of olaparib in pancreatic cancer treatment,Feng X et al.The use of olaparib in pancreatic cancer WJGO https://www.wjgnet.com 4490 November 15,2024 Volume 16 Issue 11 offering valuable guidance for researchers in this field.CONCLUSION Our findings identified trends in olaparib and pancreatic cancer,with China and the USA leading and with global cooperation tightening.O'Reilly EM's team and Memorial Sloan-Kettering had the highest output.The Journal of Clinical Oncology was the most cited journal.More PARP inhibitors are emerging,and combination therapy is suggested for future therapeutic trends.

The prognostic and immunological impacts of DCX expression:a pan-cancer analysis

Background:Doublecortin(DCX),a microtubule-associated protein,is best known for its critical role in neuronal migration during neural development,where it stabilizes microtubules and guides neurons to their proper positions.Recently,DCX has been implicated in various cancer processes,suggesting it may influence tumor progression and the tumor microenvironment.Emerging evidence indicates that DCX can modulate cell migration,invasion,and interaction with immune cells,making it a potential player in oncogenesis.However,the role of DCX across different cancer types and its potential as a prognostic biomarker remain underexplored,necessitating a comprehensive analysis.Methods:We utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas to extract data on DCX expression in tumor and adjacent normal tissues across diverse cancer types.Differential expression analysis was conducted using differential expression sequencing 2.Survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards models.Correlations between DCX expression and tumor mutational burden,microsatellite instability,and immune infiltration were examined using Spearman’s correlation.Results:DCX showed variable expression across cancer types,with significant overexpression in certain tumors such as liver and lung cancer and downexpression in others like breast cancer.High DCX expression was correlated with poor prognosis in adrenocortical carcinoma but with better outcomes in low-grade glioma.Additionally,DCX expression was significantly associated with various immune markers and chemokines,suggesting a role in modulating the immune microenvironment.Conclusion:Our findings highlight the complex role of DCX in cancer,underlining its potential as a prognostic marker and its involvement in immune-related pathways.Targeting DCX could represent a novel approach to modulating tumor behavior and enhancing immune response in cancer therapy.

Unraveling links between aging,circadian rhythm and cancer:Insights from evidence-based analysis

Aging and circadian rhythms have been connected for decades,but their molecular interaction has remained unknown,especially for cancers.In this situation,we summarized the current research actuality and problems in this field using the bibliometric analysis.Publications in the PubMed and Web of Science databases were retrieved.Overall,there is a rising trend in the publication volume regarding aging and circadian rhythms in the field of cancer.Researchers from USA,Germany,Italy,China and England have greater studies than others.Top three publication institutions are University of California System,UDICE-French Research Universities and University of Texas System.Current research hotspots include oxidative stress,breast cancer,melatonin,cell cycle,calorie restriction,prostate cancer and NF-κB.In conclusion,results generated by bibliometric analysis indicate that many approaches involve in the complex interactions between aging and circadian rhythm in cancer.These established and emerging research directions guide our exploration of the regulatory mechanisms of aging and circadian rhythms in cancer and provide a reference for developing new research avenues.

Depression weights in patients with gastric cancer:Bibliometric analysis as a weapon to chart the future of research

Bibliometric analyses are increasing in the field of gastric cancer.This letter discusses a recently published analysis that focused on the bidirectional relationship between depression and gastric cancer and evaluated the types of papers published in this field and the changes in the direction of research.There is an increasing need for new,clinically relevant studies of this association.

Action of circulating and infiltrating B cells in the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer by single-cell sequencing analysis

BACKGROUND The complexity of the immune microenvironment has an impact on the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC),one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide.In this study,multi-omics and single-cell sequencing techniques were used to investigate the mechanism of action of circulating and infiltrating B cells in CRC.By revealing the heterogeneity and functional differences of B cells in cancer immunity,we aim to deepen our understanding of immune regulation and provide a scientific basis for the development of more effective cancer treatment strategies.AIM To explore the role of circulating and infiltrating B cell subsets in the immune microenvironment of CRC,explore the potential driving mechanism of B cell development,analyze the interaction between B cells and other immune cells in the immune microenvironment and the functions of communication molecules,and search for possible regulatory pathways to promote the anti-tumor effects of B cells.METHODS A total of 69 paracancer(normal),tumor and peripheral blood samples were collected from 23 patients with CRC from The Cancer Genome Atlas database(https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/).After the immune cells were sorted by multicolor flow cytometry,the single cell transcriptome and B cell receptor group library were sequenced using the 10X Genomics platform,and the data were analyzed using bioinformatics tools such as Seurat.The differences in the number and function of B cell infiltration between tumor and normal tissue,the interaction between B cell subsets and T cells and myeloid cell subsets,and the transcription factor regulatory network of B cell subsets were explored and analyzed.RESULTS Compared with normal tissue,the infiltrating number of CD20+B cell subsets in tumor tissue increased significantly.Among them,germinal center B cells(GCB)played the most prominent role,with positive clone expansion and heavy chain mutation level increasing,and the trend of differentiation into memory B cells increased.However,the number of plasma cells in the tumor microenvironment decreased significantly,and the plasma cells secreting IgA antibodies decreased most obviously.In addition,compared with the immune microenvironment of normal tissues,GCB cells in tumor tissues became more closely connected with other immune cells such as T cells,and communication molecules that positively regulate immune function were significantly enriched.CONCLUSION The role of GCB in CRC tumor microenvironment is greatly enhanced,and its affinity to tumor antigen is enhanced by its significantly increased heavy chain mutation level.Meanwhile,GCB has enhanced its association with immune cells in the microenvironment,which plays a positive anti-tumor effect.

Whole-volume histogram analysis of spectral-computed tomography iodine maps characterizes HER2 expression in gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Although surgery remains the primary treatment for gastric cancer(GC),the identification of effective alternative treatments for individuals for whom surgery is unsuitable holds significance.HER2 overexpression occurs in approximately 15%-20%of advanced GC cases,directly affecting treatment-related decisions.Spectral-computed tomography(sCT)enables the quantification of material compositions,and sCT iodine concentration parameters have been demonstrated to be useful for the diagnosis of GC and prediction of its invasion depth,angioge-nesis,and response to systemic chemotherapy.No existing report describes the prediction of GC HER2 status through histogram analysis based on sCT iodine maps(IMs).AIM To investigate whether whole-volume histogram analysis of sCT IMs enables the prediction of the GC HER2 status.METHODS This study was performed with data from 101 patients with pathologically confirmed GC who underwent preoperative sCT examinations.Nineteen parameters were extracted via sCT IM histogram analysis:The minimum,maximum,mean,standard deviation,variance,coefficient of variation,skewness,kurtosis,entropy,percentiles(1st,5th,10th,25th,50th,75th,90th,95th,and 99th),and lesion volume.Spearman correlations of the parameters with the HER2 status and clinicopathological parameters were assessed.Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the parameters’diagnostic performance.RESULTS Values for the histogram parameters of the maximum,mean,standard deviation,variance,entropy,and percentiles were significantly lower in the HER2+group than in the HER2–group(all P<0.05).The GC differentiation and Lauren classification correlated significantly with the HER2 status of tumor tissue(P=0.001 and 0.023,respectively).The 99th percentile had the largest area under the curve for GC HER2 status identification(0.740),with 76.2%,sensitivity,65.0%specificity,and 67.3%accuracy.All sCT IM histogram parameters correlated positively with the GC HER2 status(r=0.237-0.337,P=0.001-0.017).CONCLUSION Whole-lesion histogram parameters derived from sCT IM analysis,and especially the 99th percentile,can serve as imaging biomarkers of HER2 overexpression in GC.

Identification and Validation of SLC9A2 as A Potential Tumor Suppressor in Colorectal Cancer:Integrating Bioinformatics Analysis with Experimental Confirmation

Objective To uncover the mechanisms underlying the development of colorectal cancer(CRC),we applied bioinformatic analyses to identify key genes and experimentally validated their possible roles in CRC onset and progression.Methods We performed Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis on differentially expressed genes(DEGs),constructed a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network to find the top 10 hub genes,and analyzed their expression in colon adenocarcinoma(COAD)and rectum adenocarcinoma(READ).We also studied the correlation between these genes and immune cell infiltration and prognosis and validated the expression of SLC9A2 in CRC tissues and cell lines using qRT-PCR and Western blotting.Functional experiments were conducted in vitro to investigate the effects of SLC9A2 on tumor growth and metastasis.Results We found 130 DEGs,with 45 up-regulated and 85 down-regulated in CRC.GO analysis indicated that these DEGs were primarily enriched in functions related to the regulation of cellular pH,zymogen granules,and transmembrane transporter activity.KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs played pivotal roles in pancreatic secretion,rheumatoid arthritis,and the IL-17 signaling pathway.We identified 10 hub genes:CXCL1,SLC26A3,CXCL2,MMP7,MMP1,SLC9A2,SLC4A4,CLCA1,CLCA4,and ZG16.GO enrichment analysis showed that these hub genes were predominantly involved in the positive regulation of transcription.Gene expression analysis revealed that CXCL1,CXCL2,MMP1,and MMP7 were highly expressed in CRC,whereas CLCA1,CLCA4,SLC4A4,SLC9A2,SLC26A3,and ZG16 were expressed at lower levels.Survival analysis revealed that 5 key genes were significantly associated with the prognosis of CRC.Both mRNA and protein expression levels of SLC9A2 were markedly reduced in CRC tissues and cell lines.Importantly,SLC9A2 overexpression in SW480 cells led to a notable inhibition of cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.Western blotting analysis revealed that the expression levels of phosphorylated ERK(p-ERK)and phosphorylated JNK(p-JNK)proteins were significantly increased,whereas there were no significant changes in the expression levels of ERK and JNK following SLC9A2 overexpression.Correlation analysis indicated a potential link between SLC9A2 expression and the MAPK signaling pathway.Conclusion Our study suggests that SLC9A2 acts as a tumor suppressor through the MAPK pathway and could be a potential target for CRC diagnosis and therapy.

Prognostic analysis of related factors of adverse reactions to immunotherapy in advanced gastric cancer and establishment of a nomogram model

BACKGROUND Immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer has attracted widespread attention in recent years.However,the adverse reactions of immunotherapy and its relationship with patient prognosis still need further study.In order to determine the association between adverse reaction factors and prognosis,the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic prognostic analysis.By comprehensively evaluating the clinical data of patients with advanced gastric cancer treated by immunotherapy,a nomogram model will be established to predict the survival status of patients more accurately.AIM To explore the characteristics and predictors of immune-related adverse reactions(irAEs)in advanced gastric cancer patients receiving immunotherapy with programmed death protein-1(PD-1)inhibitors and to analyze the correlation between irAEs and patient prognosis.METHODS A total of 140 patients with advanced gastric cancer who were treated with PD-1 inhibitors in our hospital from June 2021 to October 2023 were selected.Patients were divided into the irAEs group and the non-irAEs group according to whether or not irAEs occurred.Clinical features,manifestations,and prognosis of irAEs in the two groups were collected and analyzed.A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors affecting the occurrence of irAEs,and the prediction model of irAEs was established.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the ability of different indicators to predict irAEs.A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the correlation between irAEs and prognosis.The Cox proportional risk model was used to analyze the related factors affecting the prognosis of patients.RESULTS A total of 132 patients were followed up,of whom 63(47.7%)developed irAEs.We looked at the two groups’clinical features and found that the two groups were statistically different in age≥65 years,Ki-67 index,white blood cell count,neutrophil count,and regulatory T cell(Treg)count(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Treg count was a protective factor affecting irAEs occurrence(P=0.030).The ROC curve indicated that Treg+Ki-67+age(≥65 years)combined could predict irAEs well(area under the curve=0.753,95%confidence interval:0.623-0.848,P=0.001).Results of the Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that progressionfree survival(PFS)was longer in the irAEs group than in the non-irAEs group(P=0.001).Cox proportional hazard regression analysis suggested that the occurrence of irAEs was an independent factor for PFS(P=0.006).CONCLUSION The number of Treg cells is a separate factor that affects irAEs in advanced gastric cancer patients receiving PD-1 inhibitor immunotherapy.irAEs can affect the patients’PFS and result in longer PFS.Treg+Ki-67+age(≥65 years old)combined can better predict the occurrence of adverse reactions.

Clinical and molecular significance of homologous recombination deficiency positive non-small cell lung cancer in Chinese population:An integrated genomic and transcriptional analysis

Objective:The clinical significance of homologous recombination deficiency(HRD)in breast cancer,ovarian cancer,and prostate cancer has been established,but the value of HRD in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)has not been fully investigated.This study aimed to systematically analyze the HRD status of untreated NSCLC and its relationship with patient prognosis to further guide clinical care.Methods:A total of 355 treatment-naïve NSCLC patients were retrospectively enrolled.HRD status was assessed using the AmoyDx Genomic Scar Score(GSS),with a score of≥50 considered HRD-positive.Genomic,transcriptomic,tumor microenvironmental characteristics and prognosis between HRD-positive and HRDnegative patients were analyzed.Results:Of the patients,25.1%(89/355)were HRD-positive.Compared to HRD-negative patients,HRDpositive patients had more somatic pathogenic homologous recombination repair(HRR)mutations,higher tumor mutation burden(TMB)(P<0.001),and fewer driver gene mutations(P<0.001).Furthermore,HRD-positive NSCLC had more amplifications in PI3K pathway and cell cycle genes,MET and MYC in epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)/anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)mutant NSCLC,and more PIK3CA and AURKA in EGFR/ALK wild-type NSCLC.HRD-positive NSCLC displayed higher tumor proliferation and immunosuppression activity.HRD-negative NSCLC showed activated signatures of major histocompatibility complex(MHC)-II,interferon(IFN)-γand effector memory CD8+T cells.HRD-positive patients had a worse prognosis and shorter progressionfree survival(PFS)to targeted therapy(first-and third-generation EGFR-TKIs)(P=0.042).Additionally,HRDpositive,EGFR/ALK wild-type patients showed a numerically lower response to platinum-free immunotherapy regimens.Conclusions:Unique genomic and transcriptional characteristics were found in HRD-positive NSCLC.Poor prognosis and poor response to EGFR-TKIs and immunotherapy were observed in HRD-positive NSCLC.This study highlights potential actionable alterations in HRD-positive NSCLC,suggesting possible combinational therapeutic strategies for these patients.

Research status and hotspots of tight junctions and colorectal cancer:A bibliometric and visualization analysis

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related death.Over the past two decades,numerous researchers have provided important evidence regarding the role of tight junction(TJ)proteins in the occurrence and progression of CRC.The causal relationship between the presence of specific TJ proteins and the development of CRC has also been confirmed.Despite the large number of publications in this field,a bibliometric study to review the current state of research and highlight the research trends and hotspots in this field has not yet been performed.AIM To analyze research on TJs and CRC,summarize the field’s history and current status,and predict future research directions.METHODS We searched the Science Citation Index Expanded database for all literature on CRC and TJs from 2001-2023.We used bibliometrics to analyze the data of these papers,such as the authors,countries,institutions,and references.Co-authorship,co-citation,and co-occurrence analyses were the main methods of analysis.CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to visualize the results.RESULTS A total of 205 studies were ultimately identified.The number of publications on this topic has steadily increased since 2007.China and the United States have made the largest contributions to this field.Anticancer Research was the most prolific journal,publishing 8 articles,while the journal Oncogene had the highest average citation rate(68.33).Professor Dhawan P was the most prolific and cited author in this field.Co-occurrence analysis of keywords revealed that“tight junction protein expression”,“colorectal cancer”,“intestinal microbiota”,and“inflammatory bowel disease”had the highest frequency of occurrence,revealing the research hotspots and trends in this field.CONCLUSION This bibliometric analysis evaluated the scope and trends of TJ proteins in CRC,providing valuable research perspectives and future directions for studying the connection between the two.It is recommended to focus on emerging research hotspots,such as the correlations among intestinal microbiota,inflammatory bowel disease,TJ protein expression,and CRC.

Assessment and Visualization of Ki67 Heterogeneity in Breast Cancers through Digital Image Analysis

The Ki67 index (KI) is a standard clinical marker for tumor proliferation;however, its application is hindered by intratumoral heterogeneity. In this study, we used digital image analysis to comprehensively analyze Ki67 heterogeneity and distribution patterns in breast carcinoma. Using Smart Pathology software, we digitized and analyzed 42 excised breast carcinoma Ki67 slides. Boxplots, histograms, and heat maps were generated to illustrate the KI distribution. We found that 30% of cases (13/42) exhibited discrepancies between global and hotspot KI when using a 14% KI threshold for classification. Patients with higher global or hotspot KI values displayed greater heterogenicity. Ki67 distribution patterns were categorized as randomly distributed (52%, 22/42), peripheral (43%, 18/42), and centered (5%, 2/42). Our sampling simulator indicated analyzing more than 10 high-power fields was typically required to accurately estimate global KI, with sampling size being correlated with heterogeneity. In conclusion, using digital image analysis in whole-slide images allows for comprehensive Ki67 profile assessment, shedding light on heterogeneity and distribution patterns. This spatial information can facilitate KI surveys of breast cancer and other malignancies.

Comprehensive analysis of gene mutations and mismatch repair in Chinese colorectal cancer patients

BACKGROUND RAS,BRAF,and mismatch repair(MMR)/microsatellite instability(MSI)are crucial biomarkers recommended by clinical practice guidelines for colorectal cancer(CRC).However,their characteristics and influencing factors in Chinese patients have not been thoroughly described.AIM To analyze the clinicopathological features of KRAS,NRAS,BRAF,and PIK3CA mutations and the DNA MMR status in CRC.METHODS We enrolled 2271 Chinese CRC patients at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital.MMR proteins were tested using immunohistochemical analysis,and the KRAS/NRAS/BRAF/PIK3CA mutations were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Microsatellite status was determined using an MSI detection kit.Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software and logistic regression.RESULTS The KRAS,NRAS,BRAF,and PIK3CA mutations were detected in 44.6%,3.4%,3.7%,and 3.9% of CRC patients,respectively.KRAS mutations were more likely to occur in patients with moderate-to-high differentiation.BRAF mutations were more likely to occur in patients with right-sided CRC,poorly differentiated,or no perineural invasion.Deficient MMR(dMMR)was detected in 7.9% of all patients and 16.8% of those with mucinous adenocarcinomas.KRAS,NRAS,BRAF,and PIK3CA mutations were detected in 29.6%,1.1%,8.1%,and 22.3% of patients with dMMR,respectively.The dMMR was more likely to occur in patients with a family history of CRC,aged<50 years,right-sided CRC,poorly differentiated histology,no perineural invasion,and with carcinoma in situ,stage I,or stage II tumors.CONCLUSION This study analyzed the molecular profiles of KRAS,NRAS,BRAF,PIK3CA,and MMR/MSI in CRC,identifying key influencing factors,with implications for clinical management of CRC.

Tongue image feature correlation analysis in benign lung nodules and lung cancer

Objective To analyze the differences in the correlation of tongue image indicators among patients with benign lung nodules and lung cancer.Methods From July 1;2020 to March 31;2022;clinical information of lung cancer patients and benign lung nodules patients was collected at the Oncology Department of Longhua Hos-pital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Physical Ex-amination Center of Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chi-nese Medicine;respectively.We obtained tongue images from patients with benign lung nod-ules and lung cancer using the TFDA-1 digital tongue diagnosis instrument;and analyzed these images with the TDAS V2.0 software.The extracted indicators included color space pa-rameters in the Lab system for both the tongue body(TB)and tongue coating(TC)(TB/TC-L;TB/TC-a;and TB/TC-b);textural parameters[TB/TC-contrast(CON);TB/TC-angular second moment(ASM);TB/TC-entropy(ENT);and TB/TC-MEAN];as well as TC parameters(perAll and perPart).The bivariate correlation of TB and TC features was analyzed using Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation analysis;and the overall correlation was analyzed using canonical correlation analysis(CCA).Results Samples from 307 patients with benign lung nodules and 276 lung cancer patients were included after excluding outliers and extreme values.Simple correlation analysis indi-cated that the correlation of TB-L with TC-L;TB-b with TC-b;and TB-b with perAll in lung cancer group was higher than that in benign nodules group.Moreover;the correlation of TB-a with TC-a;TB-a with perAll;and the texture parameters of the TB(TB-CON;TB-ASM;TB-ENT;and TB-MEAN)with the texture parameters of the TC(TC-CON;TC-ASM;TC-ENT;and TC-MEAN)in benign nodules group was higher than lung cancer group.CCA further demon-strated a strong correlation between the TB and TC parameters in lung cancer group;with the first and second pairs of typical variables in benign nodules and lung cancer groups indicat-ing correlation coefficients of 0.918 and 0.817(P<0.05);and 0.940 and 0.822(P<0.05);re-spectively.Conclusion Benign lung nodules and lung cancer patients exhibited differences in correla-tion in the L;a;and b values of the TB and TC;as well as the perAll value of the TC;and the texture parameters(TB/TC-CON;TB/TC-ASM;TB/TC-ENT;and TB/TC-MEAN)between the TB and TC.Additionally;there were differences in the overall correlation of the TB and TC be-tween the two groups.Objective tongue diagnosis indicators can effectively assist in the diag-nosis of benign lung nodules and lung cancer;thereby providing a scientific basis for the ear-ly detection;diagnosis;and treatment of lung cancer.

Current and future research directions in cellular metabolism of colorectal cancer:A bibliometric analysis

The primary aim of this study was to analyze the evolving trends and key focal points in research on cellular metabolism of colorectal cancer(CRC).Relevant publications on cellular metabolism in CRC were sourced from the Science Citation Index Expanded within the Web of Science Core Collection database.Bibliometric analysis and visualization were conducted using VOSviewer(version 1.6.18)software and CiteSpace 6.1.R6(64-bit)Basic.A comprehensive compilation of 4722 English-language publications,covering the period from January 1,1991 to December 31,2022,was carefully identified and included in the analysis.Among the authors,“Ogino,Shuji”contributed the most publications in this field,while“Giovannucci,E”garnered the highest number of citations.The journal“Cancer Research”ranked first in both publication volume and citations.Institutionally,“Shanghai Jiao Tong University”emerged as the top contributor in terms of published articles,while“Harvard University”led in citation impact.In country-based analysis,the United States held the top position in both publication output and citations,closely followed by China.The increasing recognition of the significance of cellular metabolism in CRC underscores its potential for novel therapeutic approaches aimed at improving CRC management and prognosis.

Transglutaminase 2 serves as a pathogenic hub gene of KRAS mutant colon cancer based on integrated analysis

BACKGROUND Colon cancer is acknowledged as one of the most common malignancies worldwide,ranking third in United States regarding incidence and mortality.Notably,approximately 40%of colon cancer cases harbor oncogenic KRAS mutations,resulting in the continuous activation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling.AIM To investigate the key pathogenic genes in KRAS mutant colon cancer holds considerable importance.METHODS Weighted gene co-expression network analysis,in combination with additional bioinformatics analysis,were conducted to screen the key factors driving the progression of KRAS mutant colon cancer.Meanwhile,various in vitro experiments were also conducted to explore the biological function of transglutaminase 2(TGM2).RESULTS Integrated analysis demonstrated that TGM2 acted as an independent prognostic factor for progression-free survival.Immunohistochemical analysis on tissue microarrays revealed that TGM2 was associated with an elevated probability of perineural invasion in patients with KRAS mutant colon cancer.Additionally,biological roles of the key gene TGM2 was also assessed,suggesting that the downregulation of TGM2 attenuated the proliferation,invasion,and migration of the KRAS mutant colon cancer cell line.CONCLUSION This study underscores the potential significance of TGM2 in the progression of KRAS mutant colon cancer.This insight not only offers a theoretical foundation for therapeutic approaches but also highlights the need for additional clinical trials and fundamental research to support our preliminary findings.

Bibliometric analysis of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 expression in breast cancer and its distinct upregulation in triple-negative breast cancer

BACKGROUND Phosphoglycerate kinase 1(PGK1)has been identified as a possible biomarker for breast cancer(BC)and may play a role in the development and advancement of triple-negative BC(TNBC).AIM To explore the PGK1 and BC research status and PGK1 expression and mecha-nism differences among TNBC,non-TNBC,and normal breast tissue.METHODS PGK1 and BC related literature was downloaded from Web of Science Core Co-llection Core Collection.Publication counts,key-word frequency,cooperation networks,and theme trends were analyzed.Normal breast,TNBC,and non-TNBC mRNA data were gathered,and differentially expressed genes obtained.Area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curves,sensitivity and specificity of PGK1 expression were determined.Kaplan Meier revealed PGK1’s prognostic implication.PGK1 co-expressed genes were explored,and Gene Onto-logy,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,and Disease Ontology applied.Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed.Hub genes identified.RESULTS PGK1 and BC related publications have surged since 2020,with China leading the way.The most frequent keyword was“Expression”.Collaborative networks were found among co-citations,countries,institutions,and authors.PGK1 expression and BC progression were research hotspots,and PGK1 expression and BC survival were research frontiers.In 16 TNBC vs non-cancerous breast and 15 TNBC vs non-TNBC datasets,PGK1 mRNA levels were higher in 1159 TNBC than 1205 non-cancerous breast cases[standardized mean differences(SMD):0.85,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.54-1.16,I²=86%,P<0.001].PGK1 expression was higher in 1520 TNBC than 7072 non-TNBC cases(SMD:0.25,95%CI:0.03-0.47,I²=91%,P=0.02).Recurrence free survival was lower in PGK1-high-expression than PGK1-low-expression group(hazard ratio:1.282,P=0.023).PGK1 co-expressed genes were concentrated in ATP metabolic process,HIF-1 signaling,and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways.CONCLUSION PGK1 expression is a research hotspot and frontier direction in the BC field.PGK1 may play a strong role in promoting cancer in TNBC by mediating metabolism and HIF-1 signaling pathways.

Investigating the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin in advanced cancer patients: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Psilocybin,a naturally occurring psychedelic compound found in certain species of mushrooms,is known for its effects on anxiety and depression.It has recently gained increasing interest for its potential therapeutic effects,particularly in patients with advanced cancer.This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effects of psilocybin on adult patients with advanced cancer.AIM To investigate the therapeutic effect of psilocybin in patients with advanced cancer.METHODS A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted in PubMed,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and Google Scholar for articles published up to February 2023.The reference lists of the included studies were also searched to retrieve possible additional studies.RESULTS A total of 7 studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review,comprising 132 participants.The results revealed significant improvements in quality of life,pain control,and anxiety relief following psilocybin-assisted therapy,specifically results on anxiety relief.Pooled effect sizes indicated statistically significant reductions in symptoms of anxiety at both 4 to 4.5 months[35.15(95%CI:32.28-38.01)]and 6 to 6.5 months[33.06(95%CI:28.73-37.40)].Post-administration compared to baseline assessments(P<0.05).Additionally,patients reported sustained improvements in psychological well-being and existential distress fo-llowing psilocybin therapy.CONCLUSION The findings provided compelling evidence for the potential benefits of psilocybin-assisted therapy in improving quality of life,pain control,and anxiety relief in patients with advanced cancer.

Efficacy evaluation and survival analysis of the combination of oxaliplatin plus Teysuno (SOX) with immune checkpoint inhibitors in the conversion therapy of locally advanced gastric cancer

Background:The efficacy of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)with chemotherapy in neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced gastric cancer has been explored.However,limited research exists on its effectiveness in conversion therapy,and its superiority over standalone chemotherapy remains to be elucidated.This study aims to investigate the efficacy and survival outcomes of patients treated with ICIs in combination with conversion therapy for locally advanced gastric cancer.Methods:Retrospective data from patients with locally advanced gastric cancer treated with either oxaliplatin+S-1(SOX)alone or in combination with ICIs in conversion therapywere collected.Clinical andpathological characteristics,disease-free survival,andefficacy assessments in nonoperable patients were compared between the 2 treatment groups.Efficacy was further evaluated through dynamic changes in serum markers,and patients’quality of life was assessed using the QLQ-STO22(Gastric Cancer–Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire)quality-of-life measurement scale.Results:A total of 140 patients underwent conversion therapy:80 in the SOX alone group and 60 in the SOX combined with the ICIs group.There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the 2 groups.Compared with the SOX alone group,the SOX combined with ICIs group exhibited a higher conversion rate(83.3%vs 75%,P=0.23),R0 resection rate(90.0%vs 83.3%,P=0.31),pathological complete response(pCR)rate(18%vs 5%,P=0.02),median disease-free survival(21.4 vs 16.9 months,P=0.007),the objective response rate in nonoperable patients(60%vs 40%,P=0.301),and median progression-free survival time(7.9 vs 5.7 months,P=0.009).The QLQ-STO22 quality-of-life assessment revealed statistically significant improvements in pain,swallowing difficulties,and dietary restrictions in the combination therapy group compared with those in the monotherapy group.The enhanced efficacy of immune combination with SOX is evident,as demonstrated by the significantly prolonged surgical duration in operated patients(206.6±26.6 min vs 197.8±19.8 min,P=0.35)and intraoperative blood loss(158.9±21.2 mL vs 148.9±25.1 mL,P=0.59).No significant differences were observed in postoperative complications.Conclusions:Compared with the SOX conversion therapy regimen,SOX combined with ICIs demonstrated higher conversion rates,R0 resection rates,pathological response rates,and disease-free survival without increasing surgical difficulty or complications.Nonoperable patients also experienced longer progression-free survival and objective response rates.

Traditional Chinese Medicine in colorectal cancer treatment:a bibliometrics study and visualization analysis via CiteSpace

Objective:To evaluate the current state of research and areas of interest for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in the field of colorectal cancer treatment.Methods:Related papers published between January 1,2012,and November 27,2021,were found using the Web of Science Core Collection Science Citation Index Expanded.Using CiteSpace's network map generation capability,we then determined the top writers,organizations,countries,keywords,co-cited writers,journals,references,and research trends.Results:This investigation yielded a total of 336 relevant papers.China is the most productive country.Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine is the leading institution.The journal with the most popularity and publishing volume is Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.The author with the most citations and centrality is Lin JM.The terms"epithelial-mesenchymal transition,""cell cycle arrest,""apoptosis,"and"autophagy"are highly frequent and have a high betweenness centrality.Conclusion:According to the results,research on natural products,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)extracts,and the molecular mechanisms of TCM chemical constituents constitutes the primary focus within TCM cancer treatment investigations.In recent years,there has been a surge of interest in exploring the role of gut microbiota in TCM chemical constituents research,particularly in its ability to induce apoptosis and autophagy in tumor cells,thereby suppressing tumor cell proliferation,metastasis,and invasion.However,due to the intricate composition of TCM and existing technical limitations,the underlying principles guiding TCM's efficacy in treating colorectal cancer remain unclear and warrant further investigation.

Family resilience of cancer patients:a concept analysis

Objective:The concept of family resilience of cancer patients was discussed through literature review,which provided reference for nursing of cancer patients.Methods:China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,SinoMed,PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase were systematically searched,and the concept analysis method proposed by Walker and Avant was adopted.Results:In this study,we defined the concept of family resilience,identified attributes,and analyzed the antecedents and consequences.The proposed operational definition of family resilience was:After a family member is diagnosed with cancer,the whole family can actively explore its own unique internal and external resources and advantages,strengthen self-regulation,jointly cope with the crisis by establishing close family relationships,providing mutual support to family members,and interacting with the outside world.Conclusions:The definition of family resilience of cancer patients is conducive to the development of measurement tools and the improvement of family outcomes of adult cancer patients by intervening family resilience factors.