In order to determine the effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of pancuronium, twenty four patients undergoing elective plastic surgery were studied. The patients were divided into three groups by their ages∶ Group...In order to determine the effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of pancuronium, twenty four patients undergoing elective plastic surgery were studied. The patients were divided into three groups by their ages∶ Group 1 infants, 0.75 to 2.95 years (n=5); Group 2 children, 4 to 14 years (n=13); and Group 3 adults, 16 to 27 years (n=6). After administered a bolus of pancuronium 100 μg/kg, an improved fluorimetric assay was used to measure the plasma concentrations of pancuronium. The pharmacokinetics of pancuronium may be best described mathematically by a two compartment open model in all patients. The younger the patients, the larger the distribution volumes, the higher the Cl, and the lower the plasma concentrations of pancuronium. There were significant differences among the three groups regarding V 1, V 2, V dss , Cl, AUC. T 1/2β , MRT in Group 1 were longer than those in Groups 2 and 3. T 1/2α and K 21 were not significantly different among the three groups.展开更多
Anesthesia is widely used in several medical settings and accepted as safe. However, there is some evidence that anesthetic agents can induce genomic changes leading to neural degeneration or apoptosis. Although chrom...Anesthesia is widely used in several medical settings and accepted as safe. However, there is some evidence that anesthetic agents can induce genomic changes leading to neural degeneration or apoptosis. Although chromosomal changes have not been observed in vivo, this is most likely due to DNA repair mechanisms, apoptosis, or cellular senescence. Potential chromosomal alterations after exposure to common anesthetic agents may be relevant in patients with genomic instability syndromes or with aggressive treatment of malignancies. In this study, the P388 murine B cells were cultured in vitro, and spectral karyotyping （SKY） was utilized to uncover genomewide changes. Clinically relevant doses of cisatracurium and propofol increased structural and numerical chromosomal instability. These results may be relevant in patients with underlying chromosomal instability syndromes or concurrently being exposed to chemotherapeutic agents. Future studies may include utilization of stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes to further confirm the significance of these results.展开更多
文摘In order to determine the effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of pancuronium, twenty four patients undergoing elective plastic surgery were studied. The patients were divided into three groups by their ages∶ Group 1 infants, 0.75 to 2.95 years (n=5); Group 2 children, 4 to 14 years (n=13); and Group 3 adults, 16 to 27 years (n=6). After administered a bolus of pancuronium 100 μg/kg, an improved fluorimetric assay was used to measure the plasma concentrations of pancuronium. The pharmacokinetics of pancuronium may be best described mathematically by a two compartment open model in all patients. The younger the patients, the larger the distribution volumes, the higher the Cl, and the lower the plasma concentrations of pancuronium. There were significant differences among the three groups regarding V 1, V 2, V dss , Cl, AUC. T 1/2β , MRT in Group 1 were longer than those in Groups 2 and 3. T 1/2α and K 21 were not significantly different among the three groups.
基金supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH,the National Cancer Institute and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
文摘Anesthesia is widely used in several medical settings and accepted as safe. However, there is some evidence that anesthetic agents can induce genomic changes leading to neural degeneration or apoptosis. Although chromosomal changes have not been observed in vivo, this is most likely due to DNA repair mechanisms, apoptosis, or cellular senescence. Potential chromosomal alterations after exposure to common anesthetic agents may be relevant in patients with genomic instability syndromes or with aggressive treatment of malignancies. In this study, the P388 murine B cells were cultured in vitro, and spectral karyotyping （SKY） was utilized to uncover genomewide changes. Clinically relevant doses of cisatracurium and propofol increased structural and numerical chromosomal instability. These results may be relevant in patients with underlying chromosomal instability syndromes or concurrently being exposed to chemotherapeutic agents. Future studies may include utilization of stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes to further confirm the significance of these results.
