Objective:To exploit- the effects of gentiana scabra bage on the expression of hepatic collagen proteins in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with liver fibrosis.Methods:Immunohistochemical technique was used to observe the ...Objective:To exploit- the effects of gentiana scabra bage on the expression of hepatic collagen proteins in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with liver fibrosis.Methods:Immunohistochemical technique was used to observe the changes of content of hepatic type Ⅰ,Ⅲ collagen proteins in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with Liver fibrosis before and after the gentiana scabra bage treatmeat.Results:Comparing with the model group,changes of hepatic tvpe Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen proteins in gentiana scabra bage treated group were significantly weakened.Conclusions:Gentiana scabra bage treatment can reduce the content of hepatic type Ⅲ and type Ⅰ collagen protein significantly in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with liver fibrosis,thereby,playing the role against hepatic fibrosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Paragonimiasis is a food-borne parasitic infection caused by lung flukes of the genus Paragonimus. Although the most common site of infection is the pleuropulmonary area, the parasite can also reach other p...BACKGROUND Paragonimiasis is a food-borne parasitic infection caused by lung flukes of the genus Paragonimus. Although the most common site of infection is the pleuropulmonary area, the parasite can also reach other parts of the body on its journey from the intestines to the lungs, ending up in locations such as the brain,abdomen, skin, and subcutaneous tissues. Ectopic paragonimiasis is difficult to diagnose due to the rarity of this disease.CASE SUMMARY Here, we report a rare case of simultaneous breast and pulmonary paragonimiasis in a woman presenting painless breast mass and lung nodule with a history of eating raw trout. To confirm the diagnosis, serologic testing and tissue confirmation of the breast mass were performed. The patient was treated with surgical resection of the mass and praziquantel medication.CONCLUSION Ectopic paragonimiasis is difficult to diagnose due to the rarity of this disease.Thus, thorough history-taking and clinical suspicion of parasitic infection are important.展开更多
Objectives.To determine the natural crustacean host,the Paragonimus species,and to investigate the potential host-parasite relationship between Manipur Paragonimus and some of the laboratory animals.Methods. The labor...Objectives.To determine the natural crustacean host,the Paragonimus species,and to investigate the potential host-parasite relationship between Manipur Paragonimus and some of the laboratory animals.Methods. The laboratory animals such as puppies,albino rats and Swiss mice were infected orally with metacercariae isolated from the fresh water crabs,Potamiscus manipurensis. The fecal specimens of the experimentally infected animals were examined microscopically for Paragonimus eggs at regular intervals. The animals were autopsied on days 35～328 after infection and the isolated worms were flattened between glass slides and fixed in 70% alcohol. The worms were stained with carmine and mounted with Canada balsam for morphological studies. The eggs were collected in 5% formol saline solution for microscopy. The flukes were classified into 4 developmental stages.Results. A total of 11 worms,5 mature,5 immature and 1 pre-adult were recovered. The morphological features of the metacercariae,worms and eggs were similar to those of Paragonimus heterotremus.Conclusion. Manipur is one of the rare areas in the world where Paragonimus heterotremus is prevalent and the puppies are ideal experimental animal host. This species may be one of the important causes of paragonimiasis in animals and humans in Manipur.展开更多
Restriction enzyme digestion of total genomic DNA of two chro-mosome type Paragonimus westermani showed the presence of homologus highlyrepeated DNA in diploid and triploid forms. Southern blot analysis providedfurthe...Restriction enzyme digestion of total genomic DNA of two chro-mosome type Paragonimus westermani showed the presence of homologus highlyrepeated DNA in diploid and triploid forms. Southern blot analysis providedfurther evidence that the distribution of restriction enzyme sites (with 3enzymes) on repeated DNA of both was similar. But with Pst Ⅰ、Dde Ⅰ、Hae Ⅲand Hpa Ⅱ. They revealed polymorphism which also occured individually ineach form tested separatedly with hybridization technique. Mutation of recog-nize sites by enzymes, which is resulted from the alternation of gene sequance,has occured during evolution. Additionally, it is probably possible, based on PstⅠand Dde Ⅰdigest pattern to distinguish between diploid and triploid Parag-onimus westermani and group the Paragonimus simply and rapidly.展开更多
Objective:To reobserve and research the specimen of Paragonimus worm found in the left lung of a New Guinea native in 1926,which was previously identified as Paragonimus westermani Kerbert or Paragonimus ringeri Cobbo...Objective:To reobserve and research the specimen of Paragonimus worm found in the left lung of a New Guinea native in 1926,which was previously identified as Paragonimus westermani Kerbert or Paragonimus ringeri Cobbold.Methods:Using reconstructive software and microscopy to observe some organs of the worm,and compared with other species of paragonimus.Results:The three dimensional(3D) views of ovary and two testes of New Guinea specimen showed that the ovary was clearly divided into six lobes.These two testes were situated oppositely in the body.One teste was divided into four branches,while another was divided into five.The cuticular spines were arranged in groups over the entire skin covered in a slide, each group was consisted of two to four single spine.Conclusions:Based on 3D views and measurements,we reclassified it as Paragonimus siamensis.This was also the first report of human case infected by Paragonimus siamensis.展开更多
Background To study differences among Paragonimus skrjabini (P. skrjabini) populations from five provinces in China ( Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan, Hubei, and Sichuan) and Paragonimus szechuanensis.Methods DMA sequences ...Background To study differences among Paragonimus skrjabini (P. skrjabini) populations from five provinces in China ( Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan, Hubei, and Sichuan) and Paragonimus szechuanensis.Methods DMA sequences were obtained from the ITS2 and CO1 genes and phylogenetic trees were constructed from the results. Sequences were also obtained from several other species of Paragonimus for comparative purposes.Results Although differences existed in the DMA sequence among P. skrjabini populations from five provinces, the differences were very small. There was also some resemblance between P. miyazakii from Japan and Fujian strains of P. skrjabini.Conclusion All studied populations can be regarded as different strains of P. skrjabini; P. szechuanensis is not a separate species but may be a geographical strain of P. skrjabini. We also found that P. miyazakii may be synonymous with P. skrjabini.展开更多
Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of triclabendazole in the treatment of dogs with Paragonimiasis westermani. Methods Six dogs were experimentally infected, each with 100 metacercariae of Paragonimus...Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of triclabendazole in the treatment of dogs with Paragonimiasis westermani. Methods Six dogs were experimentally infected, each with 100 metacercariae of Paragonimus westermani intraperitoneally and divided into untreated and treated groups, 3 dogs were treated orally with triclabendazole 100 mg/kg·d 1 for 2 consecutive days on day 170 after infection. Stool egg count was done by Stoll method. All dogs were killed on day 38 after treatment and the number of worm cysts and worms in the lungs were examined by naked eye and microscopically. Results Stool eggs became negative from day 7 to day 14 after starting chemotherapy in treated dogs. The numbers of worm cysts in the lungs of untreated dogs were 18, 24 and 24 on necropsy,while those in the treated dogs were 10, 7 and 4, respectively. The numbers of adult worms in the untreated dogs were 38, 51 and 42, while in the treated dogs only 2 small adult worms were found in one dog and no worm was found in the other two dogs. The mean worm reduction rate was 98.5%. Conclusion Triclabendazole is highly effective against Paragonimus westermani in experimentally infected dogs.展开更多
BACKGROUND Paragonimiasis is a parasitic disease that has multiple symptoms,with pulmonary types being common.According to our clinical practices,the pleural effusion of our patients is full of fibrous contents.Draina...BACKGROUND Paragonimiasis is a parasitic disease that has multiple symptoms,with pulmonary types being common.According to our clinical practices,the pleural effusion of our patients is full of fibrous contents.Drainage,praziquantel,and triclabendazole are recommended for the treatment,but when fibrous contents are contained in pleural effusion,surgical interventions are necessary.However,no related reports have been noted.Herein,we present a case of pulmonary paragonimiasis treated by thoracoscopy.CASE SUMMARY A 12-year-old girl presented to our outpatient clinic complaining of shortness of breath after exercise for several days.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed positivity for antibodies against Paragonimus westermani,serological test showed eosinophilia,and moderate left pleural effusion and calcification were detected on computed tomography(CT).She was diagnosed with paragonimiasis,and praziquantel was prescribed.However,radiography showed an egg-sized nodule in the left pleural cavity during follow-up.She was then admitted to our hospital again.The serological results were normal except slight eosinophilia.CT scan displayed a cystic-like node in the lower left pleural cavity.The patient underwent a thoracoscopic mass resection.A mass with a size of 6 cm×4 cm×3 cm adhered to the pleura was resected.The pathological examination showed that the mass was composed of non-structured necrotic tissue,indicating a granuloma.The patient remainded asymptomatic and follow-up X-ray showed complete removal of the mass.CONCLUSION This case highlights that thoracoscopic intervention is necessary when fibrous contents are present on CT scan or chest roentgenogram to avoid later fibrous lump formation in patients with pulmonary paragonimiasis.展开更多
BACKGROUND The most common site of paragonimiasis is in the lungs.The migratory route passes through the duodenal wall,peritoneum,and diaphragm to the lungs;thus,the thoracic cavity and central nervous system,as well ...BACKGROUND The most common site of paragonimiasis is in the lungs.The migratory route passes through the duodenal wall,peritoneum,and diaphragm to the lungs;thus,the thoracic cavity and central nervous system,as well as the liver,intestine,and abdominal cavity may be involved.Here,we present a case of intraperitoneal paragonimiasis without other organ involvement,mimicking tuberculous peritonitis.CASE SUMMARY A 57-year-old man presented with recurrent abdominal pain for 4 wk.Physical examination revealed tenderness in the right lower quadrant.Laboratory findings showed complete blood counts within the normal range without eosinophilia.Multiple reactive lymph nodes and diffuse peritoneal infiltration were noted on abdominal computed tomography(CT).There were no abnormalities on chest CT or colonoscopy.Intraoperative findings of diagnostic laparoscopy for the differential diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis included multiple small whitish nodules and an abscess in the peritoneum.Pathological reports confirmed the presence of numerous eggs of Paragonimus westermani(P.westermani).A postoperative serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed P.westermani positivity.Persistent and repetitive history-taking led him to retrospectively recall the consumption of freshwater crab.After 3 d of treatment with praziquantel(1800 mg;25 mg/kg),he recovered from all symptoms.CONCLUSION In patients who require diagnostic laparoscopy for the differential diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis,repetitive history-taking and preoperative serologic antibody tests against Paragonimus may be helpful in diagnosing intraperitoneal paragonimiasis without other organ involvement.展开更多
Objective To observe triclabendazole effect on Paragonimus skrjabini in experimentally infected rats, and to develop a new drug for treating paragonimiasis.Methods Metacercariae of Paragonimus skrjabini were isolated ...Objective To observe triclabendazole effect on Paragonimus skrjabini in experimentally infected rats, and to develop a new drug for treating paragonimiasis.Methods Metacercariae of Paragonimus skrjabini were isolated from crabs (Sinopotamon) collected from endemic area. Wistar rats were infected intraperitoneally. One and two months after infection, they were treated with triclabendazole at the dosage of 300 mg · kg -1 · 2d-1, 450 mg ·kg -1 · 3d -1 and 600 mg · kg-1 · 3d-1 respectively. Five patients with Paragonimus skrjabini were treated, with Triclabendazole dosage of 10 mg/kg bid x3 days.Results The worm reduction rates were 50. 3%, 80. 8% and 86. 7% respectively one month after completion of treatment. Dead worms of sesame size recovered from muscles, liver, abdominal cavity, chest cavity and lung were greatly diminished in size and weight in comparison with that of the control group. Many large (about 1 cm) black-colored distended worm cysts were found in the lungs of the control rats. Usually there were two adult worms pairs with numerous eggs in each worm cyst. Most worm cysts in the treated groups of rats were changed into hemorrhagic-necrotic patches. All five patients were cured.Conclusion Triclabendazole was highly active against Paragonimus skrjabini in rats experimentally infected and patients.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81360252:81360128)Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(No.2012FB025)
文摘Objective:To exploit- the effects of gentiana scabra bage on the expression of hepatic collagen proteins in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with liver fibrosis.Methods:Immunohistochemical technique was used to observe the changes of content of hepatic type Ⅰ,Ⅲ collagen proteins in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with Liver fibrosis before and after the gentiana scabra bage treatmeat.Results:Comparing with the model group,changes of hepatic tvpe Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen proteins in gentiana scabra bage treated group were significantly weakened.Conclusions:Gentiana scabra bage treatment can reduce the content of hepatic type Ⅲ and type Ⅰ collagen protein significantly in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with liver fibrosis,thereby,playing the role against hepatic fibrosis.
文摘BACKGROUND Paragonimiasis is a food-borne parasitic infection caused by lung flukes of the genus Paragonimus. Although the most common site of infection is the pleuropulmonary area, the parasite can also reach other parts of the body on its journey from the intestines to the lungs, ending up in locations such as the brain,abdomen, skin, and subcutaneous tissues. Ectopic paragonimiasis is difficult to diagnose due to the rarity of this disease.CASE SUMMARY Here, we report a rare case of simultaneous breast and pulmonary paragonimiasis in a woman presenting painless breast mass and lung nodule with a history of eating raw trout. To confirm the diagnosis, serologic testing and tissue confirmation of the breast mass were performed. The patient was treated with surgical resection of the mass and praziquantel medication.CONCLUSION Ectopic paragonimiasis is difficult to diagnose due to the rarity of this disease.Thus, thorough history-taking and clinical suspicion of parasitic infection are important.
基金This study was supported by the grants from the Indian Council of Medical Research.
文摘Objectives.To determine the natural crustacean host,the Paragonimus species,and to investigate the potential host-parasite relationship between Manipur Paragonimus and some of the laboratory animals.Methods. The laboratory animals such as puppies,albino rats and Swiss mice were infected orally with metacercariae isolated from the fresh water crabs,Potamiscus manipurensis. The fecal specimens of the experimentally infected animals were examined microscopically for Paragonimus eggs at regular intervals. The animals were autopsied on days 35～328 after infection and the isolated worms were flattened between glass slides and fixed in 70% alcohol. The worms were stained with carmine and mounted with Canada balsam for morphological studies. The eggs were collected in 5% formol saline solution for microscopy. The flukes were classified into 4 developmental stages.Results. A total of 11 worms,5 mature,5 immature and 1 pre-adult were recovered. The morphological features of the metacercariae,worms and eggs were similar to those of Paragonimus heterotremus.Conclusion. Manipur is one of the rare areas in the world where Paragonimus heterotremus is prevalent and the puppies are ideal experimental animal host. This species may be one of the important causes of paragonimiasis in animals and humans in Manipur.
文摘Restriction enzyme digestion of total genomic DNA of two chro-mosome type Paragonimus westermani showed the presence of homologus highlyrepeated DNA in diploid and triploid forms. Southern blot analysis providedfurther evidence that the distribution of restriction enzyme sites (with 3enzymes) on repeated DNA of both was similar. But with Pst Ⅰ、Dde Ⅰ、Hae Ⅲand Hpa Ⅱ. They revealed polymorphism which also occured individually ineach form tested separatedly with hybridization technique. Mutation of recog-nize sites by enzymes, which is resulted from the alternation of gene sequance,has occured during evolution. Additionally, it is probably possible, based on PstⅠand Dde Ⅰdigest pattern to distinguish between diploid and triploid Parag-onimus westermani and group the Paragonimus simply and rapidly.
基金partially supported by the funds of the China Scholarship Councilthe funds for Scientific Research from the Department of Education of Yunnan Province, China(No.0111437,No.06Y044c)
文摘Objective:To reobserve and research the specimen of Paragonimus worm found in the left lung of a New Guinea native in 1926,which was previously identified as Paragonimus westermani Kerbert or Paragonimus ringeri Cobbold.Methods:Using reconstructive software and microscopy to observe some organs of the worm,and compared with other species of paragonimus.Results:The three dimensional(3D) views of ovary and two testes of New Guinea specimen showed that the ovary was clearly divided into six lobes.These two testes were situated oppositely in the body.One teste was divided into four branches,while another was divided into five.The cuticular spines were arranged in groups over the entire skin covered in a slide, each group was consisted of two to four single spine.Conclusions:Based on 3D views and measurements,we reclassified it as Paragonimus siamensis.This was also the first report of human case infected by Paragonimus siamensis.
基金This study was supported by a NIH/NIAID grant ( No. P50 A139461), USA.
文摘Background To study differences among Paragonimus skrjabini (P. skrjabini) populations from five provinces in China ( Guangdong, Fujian, Yunnan, Hubei, and Sichuan) and Paragonimus szechuanensis.Methods DMA sequences were obtained from the ITS2 and CO1 genes and phylogenetic trees were constructed from the results. Sequences were also obtained from several other species of Paragonimus for comparative purposes.Results Although differences existed in the DMA sequence among P. skrjabini populations from five provinces, the differences were very small. There was also some resemblance between P. miyazakii from Japan and Fujian strains of P. skrjabini.Conclusion All studied populations can be regarded as different strains of P. skrjabini; P. szechuanensis is not a separate species but may be a geographical strain of P. skrjabini. We also found that P. miyazakii may be synonymous with P. skrjabini.
文摘Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of triclabendazole in the treatment of dogs with Paragonimiasis westermani. Methods Six dogs were experimentally infected, each with 100 metacercariae of Paragonimus westermani intraperitoneally and divided into untreated and treated groups, 3 dogs were treated orally with triclabendazole 100 mg/kg·d 1 for 2 consecutive days on day 170 after infection. Stool egg count was done by Stoll method. All dogs were killed on day 38 after treatment and the number of worm cysts and worms in the lungs were examined by naked eye and microscopically. Results Stool eggs became negative from day 7 to day 14 after starting chemotherapy in treated dogs. The numbers of worm cysts in the lungs of untreated dogs were 18, 24 and 24 on necropsy,while those in the treated dogs were 10, 7 and 4, respectively. The numbers of adult worms in the untreated dogs were 38, 51 and 42, while in the treated dogs only 2 small adult worms were found in one dog and no worm was found in the other two dogs. The mean worm reduction rate was 98.5%. Conclusion Triclabendazole is highly effective against Paragonimus westermani in experimentally infected dogs.
文摘BACKGROUND Paragonimiasis is a parasitic disease that has multiple symptoms,with pulmonary types being common.According to our clinical practices,the pleural effusion of our patients is full of fibrous contents.Drainage,praziquantel,and triclabendazole are recommended for the treatment,but when fibrous contents are contained in pleural effusion,surgical interventions are necessary.However,no related reports have been noted.Herein,we present a case of pulmonary paragonimiasis treated by thoracoscopy.CASE SUMMARY A 12-year-old girl presented to our outpatient clinic complaining of shortness of breath after exercise for several days.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed positivity for antibodies against Paragonimus westermani,serological test showed eosinophilia,and moderate left pleural effusion and calcification were detected on computed tomography(CT).She was diagnosed with paragonimiasis,and praziquantel was prescribed.However,radiography showed an egg-sized nodule in the left pleural cavity during follow-up.She was then admitted to our hospital again.The serological results were normal except slight eosinophilia.CT scan displayed a cystic-like node in the lower left pleural cavity.The patient underwent a thoracoscopic mass resection.A mass with a size of 6 cm×4 cm×3 cm adhered to the pleura was resected.The pathological examination showed that the mass was composed of non-structured necrotic tissue,indicating a granuloma.The patient remainded asymptomatic and follow-up X-ray showed complete removal of the mass.CONCLUSION This case highlights that thoracoscopic intervention is necessary when fibrous contents are present on CT scan or chest roentgenogram to avoid later fibrous lump formation in patients with pulmonary paragonimiasis.
文摘BACKGROUND The most common site of paragonimiasis is in the lungs.The migratory route passes through the duodenal wall,peritoneum,and diaphragm to the lungs;thus,the thoracic cavity and central nervous system,as well as the liver,intestine,and abdominal cavity may be involved.Here,we present a case of intraperitoneal paragonimiasis without other organ involvement,mimicking tuberculous peritonitis.CASE SUMMARY A 57-year-old man presented with recurrent abdominal pain for 4 wk.Physical examination revealed tenderness in the right lower quadrant.Laboratory findings showed complete blood counts within the normal range without eosinophilia.Multiple reactive lymph nodes and diffuse peritoneal infiltration were noted on abdominal computed tomography(CT).There were no abnormalities on chest CT or colonoscopy.Intraoperative findings of diagnostic laparoscopy for the differential diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis included multiple small whitish nodules and an abscess in the peritoneum.Pathological reports confirmed the presence of numerous eggs of Paragonimus westermani(P.westermani).A postoperative serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed P.westermani positivity.Persistent and repetitive history-taking led him to retrospectively recall the consumption of freshwater crab.After 3 d of treatment with praziquantel(1800 mg;25 mg/kg),he recovered from all symptoms.CONCLUSION In patients who require diagnostic laparoscopy for the differential diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis,repetitive history-taking and preoperative serologic antibody tests against Paragonimus may be helpful in diagnosing intraperitoneal paragonimiasis without other organ involvement.
文摘Objective To observe triclabendazole effect on Paragonimus skrjabini in experimentally infected rats, and to develop a new drug for treating paragonimiasis.Methods Metacercariae of Paragonimus skrjabini were isolated from crabs (Sinopotamon) collected from endemic area. Wistar rats were infected intraperitoneally. One and two months after infection, they were treated with triclabendazole at the dosage of 300 mg · kg -1 · 2d-1, 450 mg ·kg -1 · 3d -1 and 600 mg · kg-1 · 3d-1 respectively. Five patients with Paragonimus skrjabini were treated, with Triclabendazole dosage of 10 mg/kg bid x3 days.Results The worm reduction rates were 50. 3%, 80. 8% and 86. 7% respectively one month after completion of treatment. Dead worms of sesame size recovered from muscles, liver, abdominal cavity, chest cavity and lung were greatly diminished in size and weight in comparison with that of the control group. Many large (about 1 cm) black-colored distended worm cysts were found in the lungs of the control rats. Usually there were two adult worms pairs with numerous eggs in each worm cyst. Most worm cysts in the treated groups of rats were changed into hemorrhagic-necrotic patches. All five patients were cured.Conclusion Triclabendazole was highly active against Paragonimus skrjabini in rats experimentally infected and patients.
