World-Universe Model—Alternative to Big Bang Model

This manuscript provides a comparison of the Hypersphere World-Universe Model (WUM) with the prevailing Big Bang Model (BBM) of the Standard Cosmology. The performed analysis of BBM shows that the Four Pillars of the Standard Cosmology are model-dependent and not strong enough to support the model. The angular momentum problem is one of the most critical problems in BBM. Standard Cosmology cannot explain how Galaxies and Extra Solar systems obtained their substantial orbital and rotational angular momenta, and why the orbital momentum of Jupiter is considerably larger than the rotational momentum of the Sun. WUM is the only cosmological model in existence that is consistent with the Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum. To be consistent with this Fundamental Law, WUM discusses in detail the Beginning of the World. The Model introduces Dark Epoch (spanning from the Beginning of the World for 0.4 billion years) when only Dark Matter Particles (DMPs) existed, and Luminous Epoch (ever since for 13.8 billion years). Big Bang discussed in Standard Cosmology is, in our view, transition from Dark Epoch to Luminous Epoch due to Rotational Fission of Overspinning Dark Matter (DM) Supercluster’s Cores. WUM envisions Matter carried from the Universe into the World from the fourth spatial dimension by DMPs. Ordinary Matter is a byproduct of DM annihilation. WUM solves a number of physical problems in contemporary Cosmology and Astrophysics through DMPs and their interactions: Angular Momentum problem in birth and subsequent evolution of Galaxies and Extrasolar systems—how do they obtain it;Fermi Bubbles—two large structures in gamma-rays and X-rays above and below Galactic center;Diversity of Gravitationally-Rounded Objects in Solar system;some problems in Solar and Geophysics [1]. WUM reveals Inter-Connectivity of Primary Cosmological Parameters and calculates their values, which are in good agreement with the latest results of their measurements.

Semantic model and optimization of creative processes at mathematical knowledge formation

The aim of this work is mathematical education through the knowledge system and mathematical modeling. A net model of formation of mathematical knowledge as a deductive theory is suggested here. Within this model the formation of deductive theory is represented as the development of a certain informational space, the elements of which are structured in the form of the orientated semantic net. This net is properly metrized and characterized by a certain system of coverings. It allows injecting net optimization parameters, regulating qualitative aspects of knowledge system under consideration. To regulate the creative processes of the formation and realization of mathematical know- edge, stochastic model of formation deductive theory is suggested here in the form of branching Markovian process, which is realized in the corresponding informational space as a semantic net. According to this stochastic model we can get correct foundation of criterion of optimization creative processes that leads to “great main points” strategy (GMP-strategy) in the process of realization of the effective control in the research work in the sphere of mathematics and its applications.

The assessment of time dependent flow of Williamson fluid with radiative blood flow against a wedge

The present pagination reports both Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis aspects subject to magneto hydrodynamic Williamson fluid model.Assuming the flow is unsteady and blood is treated as Williamson fluid over a wedge with radiation.The governing equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations by using similarity variables.The analytical solutions of the transformed governing equations are obtained by using the RK 4th order method along with shooting technique solver.The effects of various physical parameters such as Hartmann number,local Weissenberg number,radiation parameter,unsteadiness parameter,Prandtl number,Lewis number,Brownian diffusion,thermophoresis,wedge angle parameter,moving wedge parameter,on velocity,temperature,concentration,skin friction,heat transfer rate and mass transfer rate have been discussed in detail.The velocity and temperature profile deprives for larger We and an opposite trend is observed for concentration.The radiation parameter is propositional to temperature and a counter behaviour is observed for Pr.

Fermi Energy-Incorporated Generalized BCS Equations for the Temperature-Dependent Critical Current Density and the Related Parameters of a Superconductor for All <i>T</i>≤ <i>Tc</i>and Their Application to Aluminium Strips

Presented here are the Generalized BCS Equations incorporating Fermi Energy for the study of the {Δ, Tc, jc(T)} values of both elemental and composite superconductors (SCs) for all T ≤ Tc, where Δ, Tc and jc(T) denote, respectively, one of the gap values, the critical temperature and the T-dependent critical current density. This framework, which extends our earlier study that dealt with the {Δ0, Tc, jc(0)} values of an SC, is also shown to lead to T-dependent values of several other related parameters such as the effective mass of electrons, their number density, critical velocity, Fermi velocity (VF), coherence length and the London penetration depth. The extended framework is applied to the jc(T) data reported by Romijn et al. for superconducting Aluminium strips and is shown not only to provide an alternative to the explanation given by them, but also to some novel features such as the role of the Sommerfeld coefficient γ(T) in the context of jc(T) and the role of VF(T) in the context of a recent finding by Plumb et al. about the superconductivity of Bi-2212.

Effects of Single Administered Bofutsushosan-Composed Crude Drugs on Diabetic Serum Parameters in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

The 18 crude drugs in Bofutsushosan (BOF: Pulvis ledebouriellae compositae: 防風通聖散) are separated into 6 groups such as diaphoretic, cathartic, antidote, antipyretic, neutralizer and diuretic groups. The effects of single administered BOF and composed crude drugs in 6 groups were investigated on the levels of diabetic parameters (serum glucose, insulin, triglyceride and cholesterol) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The anti-hyperglycemic action of BOF was depended on Ephedrae Herba, Saposhnikoviae Radix and Schizonepetae Spica in diaphoretic group, Forsythiae Fructus, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Schizonepetae Spica and Cnidii Rhizoma in antidote group, Scutellariae Radix, Gardeniae Fructus and Gypsum Fibrosum in antipyretic group and Paeoniae Radix in neutralizer group. In these crude drugs, Ephedrae Herba, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Schizonepetae Spica, Forsythiae Fructus, Scutellariae Radix, Gypsum Fibrosum and Paeoniae Radix increased serum insulin level, but Cnidii Rhizoma and Gardeniae Fructus did not affect serum insulin level. From these results, it suggested that anti-hyperglycemic action of BOF was through insulin-dependent and insulin independent manners. The lowering effect of BOF on serum triglyceride level was dependent on actions of Platycodi Radix in antidote and diuretic groups and Gardeniae Fructus in antipyretic group. The lowering effect of Gardeniae Fructus was parallel with its anti-hyperglycemic action. The lowering effect of BOF on high serum triglyceride level also included both direct action and indirect action. The reducing effect of BOF on serum cholesterol level was observed together with the actions of Ephedrae Herba and Zingiberis Rhizoma in diaphoretic group, Schizonepetae Spica in diaphoretic and antidote groups and Paeoniae Radix in neutralizer group. The lowering effects of Ephedrae Herba, Schizonepetae Spica and Paeoniae Radix on serum cholesterol level were parallel with their anti-hyperglycemic actions. Zingiberis Rhizoma in diaphoretic group might be direct reducing effect on serum cholesterol level but no serum glucose level. The Ephedrae Herba in diaphoretic group, Schizonepetae Spica in diaphoretic and antidote groups and Paeoniae Radix in neutralizer group might have reduced serum cholesterol level by reducing blood glucose level. From these results, composed crude drugs in 6 groups show various mechanisms in the action of BOF.

A New Inversion Method of Sedimentary Strata For Deriving Double Parameters and Its Applications

The inverse problem of wave equation is the importance of study not only in seismic prospecting but also in applied mathematics. With the development of the research, the inverse methods of 1 - D wave equations have been trending towards the multiple parameters inversion . We have obtained an inverse method with double -parameter, in which medium density and wave velocity can be derived simultaneously. In this paper, to increase the inverse accuracy, the method is improved as follows. Firstly, the formula in which the Green Function is omitted are derived and used. Secondly, the regularizing method is reasonable used by choosing the stable function. With the new method, we may derive elastic parameter and medium density or medium density and wave velocity. Thus, lithology parameters for seismic prospecting may be obtained.After comparing the derived values from the new method with that from previous method, we obtain the new method through which substantially improve the derived accuracy . The new method has been applied to real depths inversion for sedimentary strata and volcanic rock strata in Chaoyanggou Terrace of Songliao Basin in eastern China. According to the inverse results,the gas - bearing beds are determlned.

Effect of the Design Parameters on the Performance of Inner-Recycling Continuous Sand Filter

A novel integrated water treatment facility, inner-recycling continuous sand filter, is discussed. The theory of micro-flocculation is applied in the sand-washing circulation system with continuous filtration and backwashing. The design and operation parameters, which affect the performance of the filter, are discussed. The key design parameters are provided as follows: diameter of filter material is 0.7 to 1.0 mm, depth of filter bed is 0.6 m, filtration velocity is less than 12 m/h, ratio of gas to water is 9:11 and sand recycling rate is 2 to 4 mm/min.

World-Universe Model Predictions

In 2013, World-Universe Model (WUM) proposed a principally different way to solve the problem of Newtonian Constant of Gravitation measurement precision. WUM revealed a self-consistent set of time-varying values of Primary Cosmological parameters of the World: Gravitation parameter, Hubble’s parameter, Age of the World, Temperature of the Microwave Background Radiation, and the concentration of Intergalactic plasma. Based on the inter-connectivity of these parameters, WUM solved the Missing Baryon problem and predicted the values of the following Cosmological parameters: gravitation G, concentration of Intergalactic plasma, relative energy density of protons in the Medium, and the minimum energy of photons, which were experimentally confirmed in 2015-2018. Between 2013 and 2018, the relative standard uncertainty of G measurements decreased x6. The set of values obtained by WUM was recommended for consideration in CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants 2014.

Determining the Optimal Parameters of an Advanced Linter Machine

In this article, research was conducted to improve Linter machines that remove short fibers remaining in ginned cotton seeds at cotton ginneries. The study examined the effect of changing the dimensions of the brush drum, guide and mesh surface in the cleaning device proposed for the linting machine on the movement of the peg and the cleaning efficiency, and the highest level of efficiency in separating impurities from the peg was determined. During the study, the main factors influencing the effective operation of the improved linting machine were identified, the limits of their values were determined, and studies were carried out using the mathematical modeling method. As a result, at the values of the given coefficients, efficient operation of the improved linting machine was observed, that is, the lint cleaning efficiency reached 55.1%.

Zero-voltage switching converter absorbing parasitic parameters for super high frequency induction heating

This paper presents a novel mega-Hz-level super high frequency zero-voltage soft-switching converter for induction heating power supplies. The prominent advantage of this topology is that it can absorb both inductive and capacitive parasitic components in the converter. The switch devices operate in a zero-voltage soft-switching mode. Consequently, the high voltage and high current spikes caused by parasitic inductors or capacitors oscillation do not occur in this circuit, and the high power loss caused by high frequency switching can be greatly reduced. A large value inductor is adopted between the input capacitor and the switches, thus, this novel converter shares the benefits of both voltage-type and current-type circuits simultaneously, and there are no needs of dead time between two switches. The working principles in different modes are introduced. Results of simulation and experiments operated at around 1 MHz frequency verify the validity of parasitic components absorption and show that this converter is competent for super high frequency applications.

Parasitic Effects on the Performance of DC-DC SEPIC in Photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Tracking Applications

This paper presents an analysis of the effect of parasitic resistances on the performance of DC-DC Single Ended Pri- mary Inductor Converter (SEPIC) in photovoltaic maximum power point tracking (MPPT) applications. The energy storage elements incorporated in the SEPIC converter possess parasitic resistances. Although ideal components significantly simplifies model development, but neglecting the parasitic effects in models may sometimes lead to failure in predicting first scale stability and actual performance. Therefore, the effects of parasitics have been taken into consideration for improving the model accuracy, stability, robustness and dynamic performance analysis of the converter. Detail mathematical model of SEPIC converter including inductive parasitic has been developed. The performance of the converter in tracking MPP at different irradiance levels has been analyzed for variation in parasitic resistance. The converter efficiency has been found above 83% for insolation level of 600 W/m2 when the parasitic resistance in the energy storage element has been ignored. However, as the parasitic resistance of both of the inductor has increased to 1 ohm, a fraction of the power managed by the converter has dissipated;as a result the efficiency of the converter has reduced to 78% for the same insolation profile. Although the increasing value of the parasitic has assisted the converter to converge quickly to reach the maximum power point. Furthermore it has also been observed that the peak to peak load current ripple is reduced. The obtained simulation results have validated the competent of the MPPT converter model.

Optimization of chemistry and process parameters for control of intermetallic formation in Mg sludges

Intermetallic formation in sludge during magnesium(Mg)melting,holding and high pressure die casting practices is a very important issue.But,very often it is overlooked by academia,original equipment manufacturers(OEM),metal ingot producers and even die casters.The aim of this study was to minimize the intermetallic formation in Mg sludge via the optimization of the chemistry and process parameters.The Al8Mn5 intermetallic particles were identified by the microstructure analysis based on the Al and Mn ratio.The design of experiment(DOE)technique,Taguchi method,was employed to minimize the intermetallic formation in the sludge of Mg alloys with various chemical compositions of Al,Mn,Fe,and different process parameters,holding temperature and holding time.The sludge yield(SY)and intermetallic size(IS)was selected as two responses.The optimum combination of the levels in terms of minimizing the intermetallic formation were 9 wt.%Al,0.15 wt.%Mn,0.001 wt.%(10 ppm)Fe,690℃ for the holding temperature and holding at 30 mins for the holding time,respectively.The best combination for smallest intermetallic size were 9 wt.%Al,0.15 wt.%Mn,0.001 wt.%(10 ppm)Fe,630℃ for the holding temperature and holding at 60 mins for the holding time,respectively.Three groups of sludge factors,Chemical Sludge(CSF),Physical Sludge(PSF)and Comprehensive Sludge Factors(and CPSF)were established for prediction of sludge yields and intermetallic sizes in Al-containing Mg alloys.The CPSF with five independent variables including both chemical elements and process parameters gave high accuracy in prediction,as the prediction of the PSF with only the two processing parameters of the melt holding temperature and time showed a relatively large deviation from the experimental data.The Chemical Sludge Factor was primarily designed for small ingot producers and die casters with a limited melting and holding capacity,of which process parameters could be fixed easily.The Physical Sludge Factor could be used for mass production with a single type of Mg alloy,in which the chemistry fluctuation might be negligible.In large Mg casting suppliers with multiple melting and holding furnaces and a number of Mg alloys in production,the Comprehensive Sludge Factor should be implemented to diminish the sludge formation.

Analysis of the Quality of Physical and Chemical Parameters of Groundwater in Three Localities in the Sub-Prefecture of Zanzra (Ivory Coast)

The availability of groundwater of acceptable quality has become a difficult challenge to meet in many countries, particularly Côte d’Ivoire. The State of Côte d’Ivoire and rural populations are building hydraulic infrastructure for this purpose. However, the quality of water coming from these infrastructures remains to be determined. This study therefore aims to analyze certain physicochemical parameters of the groundwater of Gloazra, Kouezra and Trahonfla. These are temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, TDS, salinity level, hardness, alkalinity, chloride content and bicarbonate. To determine the pH, electrical conductivity, temperature, TDS, and salinity rate, an electrochemical analysis was carried out. The titrimetric analysis made it possible to determine the chloride and bicarbonate content, alkalinity, and hardness. The results indicate that the studied groundwater is soft and acidic with good mineralization. This water does not present a health hazard to consumers but can affect hydraulic equipment and household containers.

Numerical Study of the Dynamic, Thermodynamic and Microstructural Parameters of Convective Clouds

On the basis of a three-dimensional non stationary model of a convective cloud with detailed description of dynamic, thermodynamic and microphysical processes, numerical experiments were conducted to study the formation of parameters of convective clouds under unstable stratification of the atmosphere. Numerical experiments have been carried out to study the formation of convective processes in the atmosphere. The thermo hydrodynamic parameters in the zone of a thunderstorm cloud are determined, and regions with a vortex motion of air are identified. The main flows feeding the convective cloud in the mature stage are determined. Due to the means of visualization, the areas of formation and growth of precipitation particles are identified. In a three-dimensional form, the interaction of dynamic and thermodynamic processes is analyzed. The interaction of fields is manifested in the form of deformation of fields of thermodynamic parameters under the influence of dynamic processes. Trajectories of air streams around a cloud and the trajectories of drops in a cloud are determined. The results of numerical experiments confirm that dynamic processes significantly influence the formation of fields of thermodynamic parameters in the cloud, which also determine the course of microphysical processes and the nature of the growth of precipitation particles.

Study of Optimal Parameters of Improved 1RX Regenerator

In this article, researches on improvement of 1RX regenerator used in cleaning processes of cotton ginning enterprises were carried out. The effect of changing the parameters of the new working body—rubber-plate drum and machine inlet on the efficiency of cotton separation was studied in the research, and the maximum level of efficiency of separation was determined. In this paper work, the main factors affecting the efficient operation of the regenerator were identified, their value limits were determined, and research was conducted using the mathematical planning method. As a result, effective operation of the improved 1RX cotton regenerator was observed at the value of the given factors, that is, the separation efficiency was 99.5%, the cleaning efficiency was higher than 88.7%, and the amount of seed cotton in the waste was reduced lower than 2.5%.

Numerical investigation on detonation cell evolution in a channel with area-changing cross section

The two-dimensional cellular detonation propagating in a channel with area-changing cross section was numerically simulated with the dispersion-controlled dissipative scheme and a detailed chemical reaction model. Effects of the flow ex-pansion and compression on the cellular detonation cell were investigated to illus-trate the mechanism of the transverse wave development and the cellular detona-tion cell evolution. By examining gas composition variations behind the leading shock,the chemical reaction rate,the reaction zone length,and thermodynamic parameters,two kinds of the abnormal detonation waves were identified. To explore their development mechanism,chemical reactions,reflected shocks and rarefac-tion waves were discussed,which interact with each other and affect the cellular detonation in different ways.

Effects of gravel on the water absorption characteristics and hydraulic parameters of stony soil

The eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains in China are a typical mountainous region of soil and gravel,where gravel could affect the water movement process in the soil.This study focused on the effects of different gravel contents on the water absorption characteristics and hydraulic parameters of stony soil.The stony soil samples were collected from the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains in April 2023 and used as the experimental materials to conduct a one-dimensional horizontal soil column absorption experiment.Six experimental groups with gravel contents of 0%,10%,20%,30%,40%,and 50%were established to determine the saturated hydraulic conductivity(K_(s)),saturated water content(θ_(s)),initial water content(θ_(i)),and retention water content(θ_(r)),and explore the changes in the wetting front depth and cumulative absorption volume during the absorption experiment.The Philip model was used to fit the soil absorption process and determine the soil water absorption rate.Then the length of the characteristic wetting front depth,shape coefficient,empirical parameter,inverse intake suction and soil water suction were derived from the van Genuchten model.Finally,the hydraulic parameters mentioned above were used to fit the soil water characteristic curves,unsaturated hydraulic conductivity(K_(θ))and specific water capacity(C(h)).The results showed that the wetting front depth and cumulative absorption volume of each treatment gradually decreased with increasing gravel content.Compared with control check treatment with gravel content of 0%,soil water absorption rates in the treatments with gravel contents of 10%,20%,30%,40%,and 50%decreased by 11.47%,17.97%,25.24%,29.83%,and 42.45%,respectively.As the gravel content increased,inverse intake suction gradually increased,and shape coefficient,K_(s),θ_(s),andθ_(r)gradually decreased.For the same soil water content,soil water suction and K_(θ)gradually decreased with increasing gravel content.At the same soil water suction,C(h)decreased with increasing gravel content,and the water use efficiency worsened.Overall,the water holding capacity,hydraulic conductivity,and water use efficiency of stony soil in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains decreased with increasing gravel content.This study could provide data support for improving soil water use efficiency in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains and other similar rocky mountainous areas.

Effectiveness of Apricots (<i>Prunus armeniaca</i>), Pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i>) Juice and Lactic Acid Fermented Sobya on Plasma Levels of Lipid Profile Parameters and Total Homocysteine among Egyptian Adults

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of dietary intervention with apricots, pomegranate juice or lactic acid fermented sobya on improving the plasma levels of lipid profile parameters and total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) among healthy adults. Design of the study: Thirty-five men and women (28.9 ± 3.0 years) with mean body mass index of 23.5 ± 1.2 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to a dietary intervention study. During the pre-feeding study records of 24-hour food intake, anthropometric measurements and blood sampling were collected for biochemical investigations. Thereafter the volunteers were divided into five groups: a control group (C);the other four groups received daily one of the following supplements: 200 g of deep yellow apricots (Prunus armeniaca) (AF);250 g pomegranate (Punica granatum) juice (PJ);mixture of 100 g (PJ) and 150 g of fermented sobya (FS), (PJ-FS) or 165 g (FS). After completing the three-week dietary intervention, blood samples were collected and blood indices were again evaluated. Biochemical analysis of total lipids (TL), total glycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and tHcy were completed. The low density lipoprotein-cholesterol level and three indices of risk factors were calculated using the appropriate equations. Results: Three-week dietary intervention improved the levels of lipid profile parameters TG, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C as compared to the respective baseline levels and the response of the control group that did not receive any supplement. Consuming (PJ-FS) had a synergistic beneficially added value on some of the above mentioned lipid profile parameters. The mean plasma tHcy concentrations;a marker for occlusive vascular disease was reduced significantly following the three week consumption of (PJ) or (FS), compared with the respective pre-feeding levels. Conclusion: Pomegranate juice (PJ) or lactic acid fermented sobya (FS) or mixture of both are potential natural agents in lowering the plasma levels of lipid profile parameters and tHcy among apparently healthy young women and men, without dyslipidemic symptoms.

Taxonomic Study of Five Parasitic Polypores of the Hymenochaetaceae Family of TIN Vegetation in Western Burkina Faso

The aim of this work is to inventory and study the lignicolous parasitic macrofungi of the Tin plant formation. The mycological outings from July to September 2018 and 2019, collected forty-four (44) basidiomes through a random sampling device over an area of 40,000 m2 including 1000 m long by 40 m2 wide. The standard methods and techniques used in mycology for taxonomic studies were used to describe and classify the carpophores collected in three families: Hymenochaetaceae, Ganodermataceae and Polyporaceae, into eight genera: Onnia (4.55%), Amauroderma (4.55%), Ganoderma (20.45%), Phellinus (52.27%), Inonotus (4.55%), Phellinopsis (6.82%), Grammothele (2.27%) and Trametes (4.55%). The genera Phellinus and Ganoderma were the most abundant. Finally, eight species were identified: Inonotus cf. ochroporus, Inonotus cf. pachyphloeus, Phellinus cf. cryptarum, Phellinus cf. hartigii, Phellinus cf. hippophaecola;Phellinus cf. robustus, Phellinus cf. igniarius, et Amauroderma cf. fasciculatum. Seven fungal species belong to the family Hymenochaetaceae and only the species Amauroderma cf. fasciculatum is a Ganodermataceae. However, all these fungal species are shown to be parasites of trunks and/or branches of the following woody: Parkia biglobosa (50%), Anogeissus leiocarpus (25%), Annona senegalensis (12.5%) and Mangifera indica (12.5%). Authors attest that the presence of phytoparasitic polypores in a plant formation is an indicator of aging hence the urgency to put in place the appropriate measures to safeguard and restore Tin’s plant formation.

Clinical Efficacy of Modified Erchen Decoction on Cervical Spondylotic Vertebral Arteriopathy with Stagnation and Blockade of Phlegm-dampness Syndrome and Effects on Cerebral Blood Flow Parameters

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Modified Erchen Decoction on cervical spondylotic vertebral arteriopathy with stagnation and blockade of phlegm-dampness syndrome and effects on cerebral blood flow parameters. METHODS: A total of 80 cervical spondylotic vertebral arteriopathy(CSA) patients with stagnation and blockade of phlegmdampness syndrome admitted to our hospital from October 2016 to April 2017 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 40 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with Modified Erchen Decoction and the control group was given conventional treatment with Western medicine. After 4 weeks of treatment, the main clinical symptoms and signs(vertigo, neck and shoulder pain, headache, psychological and social adjustment, daily life and work) and cerebral blood flow parameters [the peak values of intracranial vertebral-basal artery diastolic blood flow velocity(Vd) and systolic blood flow velocity(Vp)] were compared between the 2 groups. The total clinical effective rate and adverse reactions during treatment were also compared. RESULTS: After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 90.0%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group(77.5%). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05). After treatment, The scores of vertigo, neck and shoulder pain, headache, psychology and society adaptation, daily life and work were significantly increased(P < 0.05), and the above scores of the observation group were increased more obviously. The difference between the groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of Vd and Vp were significantly increased(P < 0.05), and the increase of the above indexes was more obvious in the observation group. The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05). There were no significant abnormalities in blood routine, urine routine, liver function and renal function. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the 2 groups.(P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The treatment of vertebral artery type cervical spondylopathy with stagnation and blockade of phlegm-dampness syndrome by Modified Erchen Decoction can effectively relieve the main clinical symptoms and signs, improve cerebral blood flow parameters, and improve the peak values of vertebral-basal artery diastolic blood flow velocity(Vd) and systolic blood flow velocity(Vp), which is safe and effective, and helps to promote the recovery of cervical function.