Intestinal Parasitosis in Children among Internally Displaced Persons in the Hauts-Bassins Region of Burkina Faso

Introduction: The setting up of camps for internally displaced persons in Burkina Faso as a result of terrorism creates favorable conditions for the emergence of digestive parasitosis in these displaced populations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of digestive parasitosis in children of this population in the Hauts-Bassins region. Material and methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study from November to December 2020, in which stool samples were collected from internally displaced children from the Sinfra reception site in Banzon and from Poya in Karangasso Vigué. The stool samples were stored at room temperature, protected from dust and insects, in a cooler and then sent to the laboratory of the CHUSS in Bobo-Dioulasso where the parasitological analyses were performed. Results: The mean age was 5.8 ± 2.4 years. The most represented age group was 5 to 10 years (75.31%). The sex ratio is 1.61. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasite infection was 53.09%. The prevalence was statistically higher among those who consumed well water than those consuming tap water (p = 0.01). Monoparasitism by protozoa and helminths represented 74.42% and 6.68% respectively. The polyparasitism rate was 9.31%. The species identified in monoparasite patients were protozoa with Entamoeba coli (37.21%), Giardia lamblia (25.58%), Endolimax nanus (6.98%) and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (4.65%). Biparasitism was identified with combinations, such as E. coli + E. histolytica/dispar (11.63%). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of digestive parasitosis among IDPs in the Sinfra and Poya reception site. Educational sessions on hand washing before meals, use of drinking water, etc. should emphasize preventive measures in these IDP camps.

Small bowel parasitosis as cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding diagnosed by capsule endoscopy

Hookworm infection is a relatively common cause of anemia in endemic areas.However,it is rarely encountered in Europe.In this report we describe the case of a 24-year old patient originating from an endemic area who was admitted due to severe anemia,with an Hct of 15.6%and eosinophilia(Eosinophils:22.4%).While both esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy were non-diagnostic,capsule endoscopy revealed a large number of hookworms infesting his small bowel and withdrawing blood.The patient was successfully treated with Albendazole.Capsule endoscopy was proven an important tool in diagnosing intestinal parasitosis.

Delusional parasitosis as premotor symptom of parkinson's disease:A case report

BACKGROUND Delusional parasitosis is characterized by a false belief of being infested with parasites,insects,or worms.This illness is observed in patients with Parkinson’s disease and is usually related to dopaminergic treatment.To our knowledge,no cases of delusional parasitosis have been reported as a premotor symptom or nonmotor symptom of Parkinson’s disease.CASE SUMMARY A 75-year-old woman presented with a complaint of itching that she ascribed to the presence of insects in her skin,and she had erythematous plaques on her trunk,arms,buttocks,and face.These symptoms started two months before the visit to the hospital.She took medication,including antipsychotics,with a diagnosis of delusional parasitosis,and the delusion improved after three months.A year later,antipsychotics were discontinued,and anxiety and depression were controlled with medication.However,she complained of bradykinesia,masked face,hand tremor,and mild rigidity,and we performed fluorinated N-3-fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane positron emission tomography(PET),which showed mildly decreased DAT binding in the right anterior putamen and caudate nucleus.Parkinson’s disease was diagnosed on the basis of PET and clinical symptoms.CONCLUSION In conclusion,delusional parasitosis can be considered a non-motor sign of Parkinson’s disease along with depression,anxiety,and constipation.

The Case Against Delusional Parasitosis

The body of knowledge on delusional parasitosis incriminates ＂delusional patients＂ as having imaginary external and/or internal symptoms that feel like parasite movements, dismisses them as psychiatric cases, and confuses cause with effect. The author is critical of these arguments and believes that the symptoms of crawling and pin-pricking are genuine; just misinterpreted as parasite movements. Based on the author＇s research on over 1000 ＂delusional＂ patients since 1996 at the Parasitology Center, Inc. （PCI）, the author has established that the symptoms of crawling and pin-pricking are caused by toxicity from exposure to incompatible dental materials, implants, environmental toxins among others that alter the propagation of normal nerve impulses. The author has also observed that external parasites/organisms including springtails （Collembola）, other arthropods, bacteria, and fungi represent only opportunistic infections of skin sites compromised by the toxicity disorder involving the elimination of toxins through the skin. The author has described a new pathological disorder, Neuro-cutaneous Syndrome （NCS） primarily associated with dental toxicity to which ＂delusional parasitosis＂ and Morgellons disease cases could be assigned. The author has developed a protocol for the resolution of the symptoms of NCS cases. When followed to the letter, all symptoms of NCS, conventionally called delusional parasitosis, are invariably and irreversibly resolved; each individual＇s unique circumstances taken into account. The author is also presenting a detailed case history of an NCS patient that has recovered from her experiential personal perspective.

Parasitosis Diagnosed in the Infectious Diseases Department of the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital from 2010 to 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical and Evolutionary Aspects

Introduction: Parasitic diseases remain a public health problem in Burkina Faso, as they are in other developing countries. Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary characteristics of parasitosis diagnosed in the infectious diseases department of the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital. Patients and Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection during the period from January 1, 2010 to August 31, 2022. Results: From January 1, 2010 to August 31, 2022, a total of 2829 patients were admitted to the infectious diseases department of the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital in Ouagadougou. Among them, 624 patients suffered from parasitic pathologies, representing a hospital prevalence of 22%. The patients were predominantly male with a sex ratio of 1.1. The average age was 34 years ± 11. Most patients (74.7%) lived in the capital city of Ouagadougou. Ten percent (10%) of the patients with parasitosis were infected with HIV (PLHIV). Out of a total of 624 cases of parasitosis, protozoosis represented 97%, of which 80% were malaria cases. Clinical signs were dominated by neurological signs, digestive signs and dehydration. Comorbidities were dominated by HIV infection, tuberculosis and digestive candidiasis. Under treatment, the evolution was marked by a lethality of 10%. Conclusion: Protozoosis were the most frequently diagnosed. They were dominated by malaria and opportunistic parasitosis during AIDS. These results argue for a revitalization of voluntary HIV testing and careful management of PLHIV.

Parasitosis

970233 Detection of excreted circulating antigen(CCA)in urine of infected hosts by means of sandwichstrip-ELISA. LU Ping(陆萍), et al. Dept Parasitol,2nd Med Univ, Shanghai, 200025. Chin J Parasitol &Parasit Dis 1996; 14(4): 253-256. Objective: To set up a simple immunoassay for de-tection of the excreted antigens in host urine.Meth-

Parasitosis

950245 Research on the factors influencing thesporogonic multiplication of plasmodium vivax in themosquito vector.LIU Duo(刘多).et al.Dept Para-sitol,Hunan Med Univ,Changsha,410072.Chin J Par-asitol & Parasit Dis 1995;13(1):21—24.Volunteers with no previous malaria history infectedwith northern Guangdong isolate of Plasmodium vivaxand mosquito vector,Anopneles stephensi,were theobjects and materials used in the research.

Parasitosis

930450 Studies on the strain differences ofschistosoma Japonicum in the mainland of Chi-na.XII.DNA hybridization of five isolates.XIEMi(谢觅)et.al.Instit Parasitic Dis,Chin A-cad Prey Med,Shanghai,200025.Chin J Para-sitol & Parasit Dis 1993;11(1):6—7.The nonradioactive labelled probe pSM889 washybridized to Southern blots of genomic DNA oflive isolates of Schistosoma japonicum from An-hui,Hubei,Guangxi,Sichuan and Yunnan in themainland of China.The major bands of hy-bridization of DNA digested by restriction en-donucleases EcoRI and BamHI were same amongthe five isolates,but the minor bands of hy-bridization of DNA digested by EcoRI showedsome differences between 4.4—9.6 kb and be-

Parasitosis

2008246 Effect of paeoniflorin on hepatic immunopathogenesis in mice with Schistosoma japonicum infection. CHU Deyong(储德勇),et al.Dept Parasitol,Anhui Medical Univ,Hefei 230032.Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis 2008;26(1):10-15.Objective To investigate the mechanism of paeoniflorin in preventing hepatic granuloma formation and fibrosis in mice infected withSchistosoma japonicum.Methods Model of hepatic granuloma and fibrosis

Parasitosis

2005163 Vaccination of mice with recombinant nucleic acid vaccine encoding the integral membrane protein Sj23 and cytokine IL-12 elicits specific immune responses against Schistosoma japonica. GAN Yan(甘燕),et al. Dept Parasitol, Tongji Med Coll Huazhong Univ Sci Techno, Wuhan 430030. Natl Med J Chin, 2005i85(3) :193-197. Objective: To develop a Schistosoma japonica integral membrane protein Sm23 or Sj23 combined with murine IL-12 DNA-base vaccine against schistosomi-asis. Methods: Plasmids pVIVO2-Sj25 and pVIVO2-

Parasitosis

2008013 Cloning, expression of schistosoma japonicum elastase gene and its stage-specific transcription. HUANG Chengyu(黄成玉), et al. Biotechnol Sch, East China Sci & Technol Univ, Shanghai 200237. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis 2007;25(5):359-363. Objective To clone, express and purify Schistosorna japonicum elastase-2b gene(SjCE-2b),

Parasitosis

2009151 MR hydrography in the diagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis.WANG Jian(王俭),et al.Dept Imaging Center,1st Affili Hosp Xinjiang Med Univ,Urumqi 830054.Chin J Radiol,2009;43(4):402-405.

Parasitosis

2008383 Screening of infection of malaria parasite with atypical eosinophil distributions in the WBC scattergram and alarm in Sysmex XE-2100 hematology analyzer. DAI Yan(戴燕), et al.Dept Clin Lab, Affili Tongji Hosp, Tongji Univ, Shanghai 200065. Chin J Lab Med 2008;31(7):736-766. Objective To explore a quick and feasible method of screening malaria parasite by using a Sysmex XE-2100 hematology analyzer through alarm information on high eosinophil count and atypical eosinophil distributions in the WBC scattergram.

Parasitosis

2010293 Preoperative multi-slice spiral CT evaluation of involvement of vessels and biliary ducts in hepatic cystic echinococcosis. WANG Jian(王健),et al. Imaging Center,1st Affil Hosp,Xinjiang Med Univ,Urumuqi 830054. Chin J Radiol 2010;44(4):397-400. Objective To analyze the MSCT imaging of vascular and biliary ducts affected by hepatic

Human Toxocariasis Presenting with Fever and Colestatic Hepatitis: An Underestimated but Current Zoonosis

Human toxocariasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by ingestion of Toxocara canis or catis larvae or eggs. Parasitic diseases are uncommon in industrialized countries, yet this problem has not disappeared. Parasitic diseases can cause different syndrome (visceral larva migrans, ocular larva migrans) and the clinical features can be confusing. Severe organ involvement affecting the liver, lungs, nervous central system and eyes can lead to serious damage. We present a case of toxocariasis presenting with fever, desaturation and cholestatic hepatitis. Only the subsequent appearance of eosinophilia helped us to arrive at the correct diagnosis. Prompt diagnosis allowed specific therapy avoiding permanent complications.

Serum immunoglobulin E level of children infected with intestinal parasite in Okada, Nigeria

Children especially in rural areas of Okada have high rates of intestinal parasitosis with a prevalence of 50%. Stool and blood sample were collected of 334 children which comprised of 152 females and 185 males. Intestinal parasitosis was confirmed by direct smear technique and formol-ether concentration method. Serum IgE level was estimated by ELISA method. It was revealed that children between the ages of 11 - 15 years had the highest incidence of intestinal parasite in both sex (73.3% of the males and 62.5% of the females). About 2-fold elevation in serum IgE level was demonstrated. Intervention program including early introduction of health education to children is advocated and environmental sanitation should be encouraged.

The Major Psychocutaneous Disorders in Iraqi Patients

Background: Many skin diseases can be evoked by psychological problems. Dermatological conditions could also lead to psychological disorders;hence psychodermatology is an emerging subspecialty that focuses on the interface of psychiatry and dermatology. Objective: To assess the frequency of the major disorders of so-called psychocutaneous disorders which are commonly seen among Iraqi population. Patients and Methods: This case descriptive study had been done in Department of Dermatology-Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq during the period from March 2011 to October 2013. All cases were collected and categorized according to the disease problem. Patients were interviewed to search for the main triggering and precipitating factors involved in pathogenesis of these disorders. The clinical picture was well described in order to reach a final diagnosis. Psychological interview and analysis were performed for all patients to reach the specific emotional and psychiatric disease by consultant psychiatrist. Results: A total of 100 patients with major psychocutaneous disorders were seen and evaluated. Nineteen were males and 81 were females with female to male ratio: 4.26:1. Their ages ranged from 7 - 73 (26.5 ± 5.217) years. The frequency of these diseases was as follows: trichotillomania 53%, dermatitis artifacta 37%, delusion of parasitosis 6% and neurotic excoriation 4%. Conclusions: The major psychocutaneous diseases in Iraqi population were: trichotillomania, dermatitis artifacta and these are problems of mainly young females while delusion of parasitosis and neurotic excoriations were diseases of middle age females.

High helminthic co-infection in tuberculosis patients with undernutritional status in northeastern Ethiopia

Background:Tuberculosis and parasitosis are the widely distributed diseases in Ethiopia with the leading cause of mortality and morbidity,respectively.There has been no information on the status of co-infections of tuberculosis and parasitosis in Oromia Zone of Amhara Region and South Wollo,Ethiopia.Hence,this study primarily focuses on determining the status of tuberculosis and parasitosis co-infections and associated factors.Methods:The study was conducted in Oromia Special Zone of the Amhara Regional State and South Wollo Zone,northeastern Ethiopia from April 2015 to January 2017.Tuberculosis cases confirmed by health personnel at the health institutions were the source of the study sample.In a cross-sectional study 384 smear positive pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases were recruited.Faecal specimens provided by the study participants were examined for parasitic co-infections using direct saline microscopic test,Kato-Katz and concentration techniques.Nutritional status was determined using body mass index and mid-upper arm circumferences.Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods and Pearson chi-square.Results:Tuberculosis and parasitosis co-infection prevalence was 10.8%,and the proportion of intestinal helminths accounted for 9.7%while intestinal protozoa accounted for 1.9%.Cases with single parasitic infection was 89.3%among co-infected individuals.Co-infection of both disease was not significantly associated with gender and age(P>0.05).The prevalence of undernutrition was 58.6%as determined using body mass index and 73.0%as determined using mid-upper arm circumference with no significant association with gender.Among all forms of tuberculosis cases(384)screened for the study,the bacterial positivity was relatively more common in males(55.5%)than females(44.5%).Tuberculosis lymphadenitis was found to be the most prevalent(85.9%)form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis with cervical adenopathy(75.3%)being the commonly existing disease.Conclusions:The rate of helminthic co-infection is predominantly high than that of intestinal protozoa.Single parasitic co-infection was more common than double or multiple co-infections.Both body mass index and midupper arm circumference anthropometric parameters revealed greater risk of undernutrition in tuberculosis patients.Thus,screening and prompt treatment of parasites in tuberculosis patients and a support of nutritional supplementation for malnourished tuberculosis patients should be further studied which might enhance the disease treatment and minimize the risk of its complexity.