Introduction: Fostering is a widespread practice in West Africa. It played an essential role in the circulation of children. The failure of its community regulation, not compensated by a legal framework, has made its ...Introduction: Fostering is a widespread practice in West Africa. It played an essential role in the circulation of children. The failure of its community regulation, not compensated by a legal framework, has made its practice precarious. Observation: A case study was conducted on Dior, who was hospitalised in a psychiatric ward for a delusional disorder of filiation. Dior was entrusted to her maternal grandmother and aunt at ages 2 and 9. During these fosterings, the place of the symbolic father was not substituted, causing a void that challenged her imagination. The outcome was an inscription in a genealogy where she had found herself with prestigious parents. Discussion: Fostering has strongly disrupted the family dynamics in Dior’s case. One of her options was to assume the paternal function, the use of which was perceived as a defiance or even a transgression. This same function would be a starting point of a psychosis whose filial character would only be an attempt at rectification where reality and imagination collide. Conclusion: Our study reveals the importance of stable parental figures at stake in fostering contexts, which constitute a risk factor for the development of a subsequent psychosis.展开更多
Neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders are one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and affect the health of billions of people.Nitric oxide(NO),a free gas with multitudinous bioactivities,is mainly prod...Neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders are one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and affect the health of billions of people.Nitric oxide(NO),a free gas with multitudinous bioactivities,is mainly produced from the oxidation of L-arginine by neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS)in the brain.Inhibiting nNOS benefits a variety of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders,including stroke,depression and anxiety disorders,posttraumatic stress disorder,Parkinson’s disease,Alzheimer’s disease,chronic pain,and drug addiction.Due to critical roles of nNOS in learning and memory and synaptic plasticity,direct inhibition of nNOS may cause severe side effects.Importantly,interactions of several proteins,including post-synaptic density 95(PSD-95),carboxyterminal PDZ ligand of nNOS(CAPON)and serotonin transporter(SERT),with the PSD/Disc-large/ZO-1 homologous(PDZ)domain of nNOS have been demonstrated to influence the subcellular distribution and activity of the enzyme in the brain.Therefore,it will be a preferable means to interfere with nNOS-mediated proteinprotein interactions(PPIs),which do not lead to undesirable effects.Herein,we summarize the current literatures on nNOS-mediated PPIs involved in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders,and the discovery of drugs targeting the PPIs,which is expected to provide potential targets for developing novel drugs and new strategy for the treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.展开更多
We theoretically and numerically investigate the coherence of disordered bosonic gas with effective two- and three-body interactions within a two-site Bose-Hubbard model. By properly adjusting the two- and three-body ...We theoretically and numerically investigate the coherence of disordered bosonic gas with effective two- and three-body interactions within a two-site Bose-Hubbard model. By properly adjusting the two- and three-body interactions and the disorder, the coherence of the system exhibits new and interesting phenomena, including the resonance character of coherence against the disorder in the purely two- or three-body interactions system. More interestingly, the disorder and three-body interactions together can suppress the coherence of the purely three-body interactions system, which is different from the case in which the disorder and two-body interactions together can enhance the coherence in certain values of two.body interaction. Furthermore, when two- or three- body interactions are attractive or repulsive, the phase coherence exhibits completely different phenomena. In particular, if two- or three-body interactions are attractive, the coherence of the system can be significantly enhanced in certain regions. Correspondingly, the phase coherence of the system is strongly related to the effective interaction energy. The results provide a possible way for studying the coherence of bosonic gas with multi-atoms' interactions in the presence of the disorder.展开更多
The interaction theory is generalized to the case of anisotropic disordered electronic systems. The interaction correction to the density of states near Fermi surface in a disordered metallic film is calculated in the...The interaction theory is generalized to the case of anisotropic disordered electronic systems. The interaction correction to the density of states near Fermi surface in a disordered metallic film is calculated in the weakly localized regime, and the dime展开更多
Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a multifactorial disorder,where multiple susceptibility genes interact with environmental factors,predisposing individuals to the development of the illness.In this article,we reviewed...Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a multifactorial disorder,where multiple susceptibility genes interact with environmental factors,predisposing individuals to the development of the illness.In this article,we reviewed different gene×environment interaction(G×E)studies shifting from a candidate gene to a genome-wide approach.Among environmental factors,childhood adversities and stressful life events have been suggested to exert crucial impacts on MDD.Importantly,the diathesis-stress conceptualization of G×E has been challenged by the differential susceptibility theory.Finally,we summarized several limitations of G×E studies and suggested how future G×E studies might reveal complex interactions between genes and environments in MDD.展开更多
From the perspective of the design of parent-child interaction landscapes,this paper took Wuhan Overseas Chinese Town (OCT) Park for example,explored children’s physiology,psychology and emotions as well as external ...From the perspective of the design of parent-child interaction landscapes,this paper took Wuhan Overseas Chinese Town (OCT) Park for example,explored children’s physiology,psychology and emotions as well as external factors,translated them into building landscape spaces,children’s emotion spaces,children’s exploration spaces,children’s social spaces,so as to facilitate parent-child interactions in these spaces,thereby to enhance the family-care education and parent-child emotional exchanges,and provide references for the construction of parent-child interaction spaces.展开更多
Order–disorder phase transitions for CH3NH3PbCl3 are studied with density functional theory. Our calculations show that the disorder is manifested in two aspects in the cubic phase, namely, the disorder of orientatio...Order–disorder phase transitions for CH3NH3PbCl3 are studied with density functional theory. Our calculations show that the disorder is manifested in two aspects in the cubic phase, namely, the disorder of orientation and rotation of organic groups. Organic groups of [CH3] and [NH3] in cubic crystals can easily rotate around its C3 axis. At the same time,[CH3NH3]^+ organic groups can also orient to different spatial directions due to the weak interactions between organic group and inorganic frame. Our results show that its possible phase transition path starts from the deviation of organic groups from the crystal c-axis. Its structural transition changes from disordered cubic phase to hydrogen-only disordered tetragonal structure in the process of decreasing symmetry. The disordered high temperature cubic phase can be expressed as a statistical average of substructures we rebuilt. The electrostatic repulsive force between adjacent organic groups triggers out the formation of low temperature phase on cooling.展开更多
Abnormal brain-gut interaction is considered the core pathological mechanism behind the disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBI),in which the intestinal microbiota plays an important role.Microglia are the“sentinels...Abnormal brain-gut interaction is considered the core pathological mechanism behind the disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBI),in which the intestinal microbiota plays an important role.Microglia are the“sentinels”of the central nervous system(CNS),which participate in tissue damage caused by traumatic brain injury,resist central infection and participate in neurogenesis,and are involved in the occurrence of various neurological diseases.With in-depth research on DGBI,we could find an interaction between the intestinal microbiota and microglia and that they are jointly involved in the occurrence of DGBI,especially in individuals with comorbidities of mental disorders,such as irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).This bidirectional regulation of microbiota and microglia provides a new direction for the treatment of DGBI.In this review,we focus on the role and underlying mechanism of the interaction between gut microbiota and microglia in DGBI,especially IBS,and the corresponding clinical application prospects and highlight its potential to treat DGBI in individuals with psychiatric comorbidities.展开更多
A psychobiological model of the etiopathology of bipolar disorder is proposed. Based on genetic-epigenetic and chronobiological factors a hyperintentional personality structure, if faced with non-feasible intentional ...A psychobiological model of the etiopathology of bipolar disorder is proposed. Based on genetic-epigenetic and chronobiological factors a hyperintentional personality structure, if faced with non-feasible intentional programs in the environment, suffers from inner and outer stress. This stress situation leads to imbalances in information processing in glial-neuronal synaptic units, called tripartite synapses. In depression the overexpression of astrocytic receptors and of gap junctions in the astroglial network causes a prolonged information processing which affects the behavior generating systems in the brainstem reticular formation. Because the activation of the behavior generating systems is protracted, they are unable to select an appropriate mode of behavior (e.g. communicating, eating, working, sleeping, etc.) from sensory information in real time. Inversely, in mania astrocytic receptors and gap junctions are underexpressed causing a shortened synaptic information processing with rapid changes in behavior. Switching may represent a coping-attempt with depression by mania and vice versa. Towards a comprehensive model of the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder the role of microglia and their devastating effects on glial-neuronal interactions are outlined. Finally, the testing of the model is discussed.展开更多
The gastrointestinal tract is the key interface between the ingesta and the human body.There is wide recognition that the gastrointestinal response to nutrients or bioactive compounds,particularly the secretion of num...The gastrointestinal tract is the key interface between the ingesta and the human body.There is wide recognition that the gastrointestinal response to nutrients or bioactive compounds,particularly the secretion of numerous hormones,is critical to the regulation of appetite,body weight and blood glucose.This concept has led to an increasing focus on“gut-based”strategies for the management of metabolic disorders,including type 2 diabetes and obesity.Understanding the underlying mechanisms and downstream effects of nutrient-gut interactions is fundamental to effective translation of this knowledge to clinical practice.To this end,an array of research tools and platforms have been developed to better understand the mechanisms of gut hormone secretion from enteroendocrine cells.This review discusses the evolution of in vitro and in vivo models and the integration of innovative techniques that will ultimately enable the development of novel therapies for metabolic diseases.展开更多
Background: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder found in individuals afflicted by a traumatic event including the natural disaster. “Tsunami” occurred in Andaman coast of Thailand on Decem...Background: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder found in individuals afflicted by a traumatic event including the natural disaster. “Tsunami” occurred in Andaman coast of Thailand on December 26, 2004, in which 33.6% of survivors were diagnosed as PTSD. This study aimed to explore the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). rs267943 genotype is located on chromosome 5 in the intron of the death-associated protein 1 (DAP1) gene and psychosocial factors for PTSD. Methods: Participants (N = 1970) were recruited from volunteers who have complete data both of DAP1 gene and psychosocial factor. Results: Using a binary logistic regression model, significant gene-environment interactions were found for the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs267943 and psychosocial factors including depression (adj. OR = 6.0, 95% CI = 4.29 - 8.39), neurotic personality (adj. OR = 2.73, 95% CI = 2.18 - 3.42), planning (adj. OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.20 - 1.93), use of emotional support (adj. OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.21 - 1.94) with statistical significant p Conclusion: This study demonstrated that GxE studies can be utilized to shed light on the origins of PTSD.展开更多
Typical antipsychotics, potent D2 dopamine receptor antagonists, are the most commonly used drugs in the treatment of bipolar disorders. In the central nervous system, the discovery of antagonistic interactions betwee...Typical antipsychotics, potent D2 dopamine receptor antagonists, are the most commonly used drugs in the treatment of bipolar disorders. In the central nervous system, the discovery of antagonistic interactions between A2A adenosine receptors and D2 dopamine receptors suggests that the adenosine system may be involved in the pathogenesis of different psychiatric disorders and in the therapeutic effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs. Previously, we have demonstrated an increase in A2A receptor expression and agonist affinity in platelets from psychotic patients treated with haloperidol. This result suggests that there is also a structural and functional interaction between A2A and D2 receptors in peripheral cells. In this work, we investigated the effect of different doses of typical drugs on A2A adenosine receptor binding and correlated these parameters with the severity of symptoms. We demonstrated, for the first time, that there was a strong correlation between A2A receptor affinity constant values (Kd) and drug doses in psychotic patients with a moderate severity of illness and moderate psychotic symptoms. The correlation was completely lost in patients with severe illness and severe psychotic symptoms. These results demonstrated that in platelets of patients affected by psychosis, typical antipsychotics modulated A2A receptor binding parameters;this regulation is dependent on the degree of D2 receptor occupancy in relation to the severity of psychotic symptoms, suggesting A2A receptors are a peripheral marker for individual therapy effectiveness.展开更多
Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) is a disorder characterized by behavioral symptoms including hyperactivity/impulsivity among children,adolescents,and adults.These ADHD related symptoms are influen...Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) is a disorder characterized by behavioral symptoms including hyperactivity/impulsivity among children,adolescents,and adults.These ADHD related symptoms are influenced by the complex interaction of brain networks which were under explored.We explored age-related brain network differences between ADHD patients and typically developing(TD) subjects using resting state f MRI(rs-f MRI) for three age groups of children,adolescents,and adults.We collected rs-f MRI data from 184 individuals(27 ADHD children and 31 TD children;32 ADHD adolescents and 32 TD adolescents;and 31 ADHD adults and 31 TD adults).The Brainnetome Atlas was used to define nodes in the network analysis.We compared three age groups of ADHD and TD subjects to identify the distinct regions that could explain age-related brain network differences based on degree centrality,a well-known measure of nodal centrality.The left middle temporal gyrus showed significant interaction effects between disease status(i.e.,ADHD or TD) and age(i.e.,child,adolescent,or adult)(P 0.001).Additional regions were identified at a relaxed threshold(P 0.05).Many of the identified regions(the left inferior frontal gyrus,the left middle temporal gyrus,and the left insular gyrus) were related to cognitive function.The results of our study suggest that aberrant development in cognitive brain regions might be associated with age-related brain network changes in ADHD patients.These findings contribute to better understand how brain function influences the symptoms of ADHD.展开更多
Using mean-field theory, we have studied the effect of quantum transverse anisotropies with RKKY interaction on the multi-layer transition and magnetic properties of the spin-1 Blume-Capel model of a system formed by ...Using mean-field theory, we have studied the effect of quantum transverse anisotropies with RKKY interaction on the multi-layer transition and magnetic properties of the spin-1 Blume-Capel model of a system formed by two magnetic multi-layer materials, of different thicknesses, separated by a non-magnetic spacer of thickness M. It is found that the multilayer magnetic order-disorder transition temperature depends strongly on the value of the transverse anisotropy. The multilayer transition temperature decreases when increasing the transverse anisotropy. Furthermore, there exists a critical quantum transverse anisotropy △xL beyond which the separate transitions occur in the two magnetic layers. The critical transverse anisotropy AxL decreases (increases) on increasing the non-magnetic spacer of thickness M (on increasing the crystal field), and AxL undergoes oscillations as a function of the Fermi level.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Fostering is a widespread practice in West Africa. It played an essential role in the circulation of children. The failure of its community regulation, not compensated by a legal framework, has made its practice precarious. Observation: A case study was conducted on Dior, who was hospitalised in a psychiatric ward for a delusional disorder of filiation. Dior was entrusted to her maternal grandmother and aunt at ages 2 and 9. During these fosterings, the place of the symbolic father was not substituted, causing a void that challenged her imagination. The outcome was an inscription in a genealogy where she had found herself with prestigious parents. Discussion: Fostering has strongly disrupted the family dynamics in Dior’s case. One of her options was to assume the paternal function, the use of which was perceived as a defiance or even a transgression. This same function would be a starting point of a psychosis whose filial character would only be an attempt at rectification where reality and imagination collide. Conclusion: Our study reveals the importance of stable parental figures at stake in fostering contexts, which constitute a risk factor for the development of a subsequent psychosis.
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (82090042, 31530091,81870912)National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1306703)。
文摘Neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders are one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and affect the health of billions of people.Nitric oxide(NO),a free gas with multitudinous bioactivities,is mainly produced from the oxidation of L-arginine by neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS)in the brain.Inhibiting nNOS benefits a variety of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders,including stroke,depression and anxiety disorders,posttraumatic stress disorder,Parkinson’s disease,Alzheimer’s disease,chronic pain,and drug addiction.Due to critical roles of nNOS in learning and memory and synaptic plasticity,direct inhibition of nNOS may cause severe side effects.Importantly,interactions of several proteins,including post-synaptic density 95(PSD-95),carboxyterminal PDZ ligand of nNOS(CAPON)and serotonin transporter(SERT),with the PSD/Disc-large/ZO-1 homologous(PDZ)domain of nNOS have been demonstrated to influence the subcellular distribution and activity of the enzyme in the brain.Therefore,it will be a preferable means to interfere with nNOS-mediated proteinprotein interactions(PPIs),which do not lead to undesirable effects.Herein,we summarize the current literatures on nNOS-mediated PPIs involved in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders,and the discovery of drugs targeting the PPIs,which is expected to provide potential targets for developing novel drugs and new strategy for the treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11475027,11274255 and 11305132the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Grand No 20136203110001+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province under Grant No 1506RJYA131the Creation of Science and Technology of Northwest Normal University under Grant Nos NWNU-KJCXGC-03-48 and NWNU-LKQN-12-12
文摘We theoretically and numerically investigate the coherence of disordered bosonic gas with effective two- and three-body interactions within a two-site Bose-Hubbard model. By properly adjusting the two- and three-body interactions and the disorder, the coherence of the system exhibits new and interesting phenomena, including the resonance character of coherence against the disorder in the purely two- or three-body interactions system. More interestingly, the disorder and three-body interactions together can suppress the coherence of the purely three-body interactions system, which is different from the case in which the disorder and two-body interactions together can enhance the coherence in certain values of two.body interaction. Furthermore, when two- or three- body interactions are attractive or repulsive, the phase coherence exhibits completely different phenomena. In particular, if two- or three-body interactions are attractive, the coherence of the system can be significantly enhanced in certain regions. Correspondingly, the phase coherence of the system is strongly related to the effective interaction energy. The results provide a possible way for studying the coherence of bosonic gas with multi-atoms' interactions in the presence of the disorder.
文摘The interaction theory is generalized to the case of anisotropic disordered electronic systems. The interaction correction to the density of states near Fermi surface in a disordered metallic film is calculated in the weakly localized regime, and the dime
文摘Major depressive disorder(MDD)is a multifactorial disorder,where multiple susceptibility genes interact with environmental factors,predisposing individuals to the development of the illness.In this article,we reviewed different gene×environment interaction(G×E)studies shifting from a candidate gene to a genome-wide approach.Among environmental factors,childhood adversities and stressful life events have been suggested to exert crucial impacts on MDD.Importantly,the diathesis-stress conceptualization of G×E has been challenged by the differential susceptibility theory.Finally,we summarized several limitations of G×E studies and suggested how future G×E studies might reveal complex interactions between genes and environments in MDD.
基金Philosophical and Social Sciences Program of Hubei Provincial Department of Education (21Y063)。
文摘From the perspective of the design of parent-child interaction landscapes,this paper took Wuhan Overseas Chinese Town (OCT) Park for example,explored children’s physiology,psychology and emotions as well as external factors,translated them into building landscape spaces,children’s emotion spaces,children’s exploration spaces,children’s social spaces,so as to facilitate parent-child interactions in these spaces,thereby to enhance the family-care education and parent-child emotional exchanges,and provide references for the construction of parent-child interaction spaces.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51572219,51872227,11204239,and 11447030)the Project of Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China(Grant Nos.2015JM1018,2013JQ1018,15JK1759,and 15JK1714)the Science Foundation of Northwest University of China(Grant No.12NW06)
文摘Order–disorder phase transitions for CH3NH3PbCl3 are studied with density functional theory. Our calculations show that the disorder is manifested in two aspects in the cubic phase, namely, the disorder of orientation and rotation of organic groups. Organic groups of [CH3] and [NH3] in cubic crystals can easily rotate around its C3 axis. At the same time,[CH3NH3]^+ organic groups can also orient to different spatial directions due to the weak interactions between organic group and inorganic frame. Our results show that its possible phase transition path starts from the deviation of organic groups from the crystal c-axis. Its structural transition changes from disordered cubic phase to hydrogen-only disordered tetragonal structure in the process of decreasing symmetry. The disordered high temperature cubic phase can be expressed as a statistical average of substructures we rebuilt. The electrostatic repulsive force between adjacent organic groups triggers out the formation of low temperature phase on cooling.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1301300,2019YFA0905600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82170557,81670491,82000510).
文摘Abnormal brain-gut interaction is considered the core pathological mechanism behind the disorders of gut-brain interaction(DGBI),in which the intestinal microbiota plays an important role.Microglia are the“sentinels”of the central nervous system(CNS),which participate in tissue damage caused by traumatic brain injury,resist central infection and participate in neurogenesis,and are involved in the occurrence of various neurological diseases.With in-depth research on DGBI,we could find an interaction between the intestinal microbiota and microglia and that they are jointly involved in the occurrence of DGBI,especially in individuals with comorbidities of mental disorders,such as irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).This bidirectional regulation of microbiota and microglia provides a new direction for the treatment of DGBI.In this review,we focus on the role and underlying mechanism of the interaction between gut microbiota and microglia in DGBI,especially IBS,and the corresponding clinical application prospects and highlight its potential to treat DGBI in individuals with psychiatric comorbidities.
文摘A psychobiological model of the etiopathology of bipolar disorder is proposed. Based on genetic-epigenetic and chronobiological factors a hyperintentional personality structure, if faced with non-feasible intentional programs in the environment, suffers from inner and outer stress. This stress situation leads to imbalances in information processing in glial-neuronal synaptic units, called tripartite synapses. In depression the overexpression of astrocytic receptors and of gap junctions in the astroglial network causes a prolonged information processing which affects the behavior generating systems in the brainstem reticular formation. Because the activation of the behavior generating systems is protracted, they are unable to select an appropriate mode of behavior (e.g. communicating, eating, working, sleeping, etc.) from sensory information in real time. Inversely, in mania astrocytic receptors and gap junctions are underexpressed causing a shortened synaptic information processing with rapid changes in behavior. Switching may represent a coping-attempt with depression by mania and vice versa. Towards a comprehensive model of the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder the role of microglia and their devastating effects on glial-neuronal interactions are outlined. Finally, the testing of the model is discussed.
基金Supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council(NHMRC)of Australia,No.APP1147333the National Nature Science Foundation of China,No.81870561+1 种基金the Hospital Research Foundation of Australiathe Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics,No.CE140100003.
文摘The gastrointestinal tract is the key interface between the ingesta and the human body.There is wide recognition that the gastrointestinal response to nutrients or bioactive compounds,particularly the secretion of numerous hormones,is critical to the regulation of appetite,body weight and blood glucose.This concept has led to an increasing focus on“gut-based”strategies for the management of metabolic disorders,including type 2 diabetes and obesity.Understanding the underlying mechanisms and downstream effects of nutrient-gut interactions is fundamental to effective translation of this knowledge to clinical practice.To this end,an array of research tools and platforms have been developed to better understand the mechanisms of gut hormone secretion from enteroendocrine cells.This review discusses the evolution of in vitro and in vivo models and the integration of innovative techniques that will ultimately enable the development of novel therapies for metabolic diseases.
文摘Background: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder found in individuals afflicted by a traumatic event including the natural disaster. “Tsunami” occurred in Andaman coast of Thailand on December 26, 2004, in which 33.6% of survivors were diagnosed as PTSD. This study aimed to explore the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). rs267943 genotype is located on chromosome 5 in the intron of the death-associated protein 1 (DAP1) gene and psychosocial factors for PTSD. Methods: Participants (N = 1970) were recruited from volunteers who have complete data both of DAP1 gene and psychosocial factor. Results: Using a binary logistic regression model, significant gene-environment interactions were found for the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs267943 and psychosocial factors including depression (adj. OR = 6.0, 95% CI = 4.29 - 8.39), neurotic personality (adj. OR = 2.73, 95% CI = 2.18 - 3.42), planning (adj. OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.20 - 1.93), use of emotional support (adj. OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.21 - 1.94) with statistical significant p Conclusion: This study demonstrated that GxE studies can be utilized to shed light on the origins of PTSD.
文摘Typical antipsychotics, potent D2 dopamine receptor antagonists, are the most commonly used drugs in the treatment of bipolar disorders. In the central nervous system, the discovery of antagonistic interactions between A2A adenosine receptors and D2 dopamine receptors suggests that the adenosine system may be involved in the pathogenesis of different psychiatric disorders and in the therapeutic effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs. Previously, we have demonstrated an increase in A2A receptor expression and agonist affinity in platelets from psychotic patients treated with haloperidol. This result suggests that there is also a structural and functional interaction between A2A and D2 receptors in peripheral cells. In this work, we investigated the effect of different doses of typical drugs on A2A adenosine receptor binding and correlated these parameters with the severity of symptoms. We demonstrated, for the first time, that there was a strong correlation between A2A receptor affinity constant values (Kd) and drug doses in psychotic patients with a moderate severity of illness and moderate psychotic symptoms. The correlation was completely lost in patients with severe illness and severe psychotic symptoms. These results demonstrated that in platelets of patients affected by psychosis, typical antipsychotics modulated A2A receptor binding parameters;this regulation is dependent on the degree of D2 receptor occupancy in relation to the severity of psychotic symptoms, suggesting A2A receptors are a peripheral marker for individual therapy effectiveness.
基金supported by the Institute for Basic Science[grant No.IBS-R015-D1]the National Research Foundation of Korea(grant No.NRF-2016R1A2B4008545)
文摘Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) is a disorder characterized by behavioral symptoms including hyperactivity/impulsivity among children,adolescents,and adults.These ADHD related symptoms are influenced by the complex interaction of brain networks which were under explored.We explored age-related brain network differences between ADHD patients and typically developing(TD) subjects using resting state f MRI(rs-f MRI) for three age groups of children,adolescents,and adults.We collected rs-f MRI data from 184 individuals(27 ADHD children and 31 TD children;32 ADHD adolescents and 32 TD adolescents;and 31 ADHD adults and 31 TD adults).The Brainnetome Atlas was used to define nodes in the network analysis.We compared three age groups of ADHD and TD subjects to identify the distinct regions that could explain age-related brain network differences based on degree centrality,a well-known measure of nodal centrality.The left middle temporal gyrus showed significant interaction effects between disease status(i.e.,ADHD or TD) and age(i.e.,child,adolescent,or adult)(P 0.001).Additional regions were identified at a relaxed threshold(P 0.05).Many of the identified regions(the left inferior frontal gyrus,the left middle temporal gyrus,and the left insular gyrus) were related to cognitive function.The results of our study suggest that aberrant development in cognitive brain regions might be associated with age-related brain network changes in ADHD patients.These findings contribute to better understand how brain function influences the symptoms of ADHD.
文摘Using mean-field theory, we have studied the effect of quantum transverse anisotropies with RKKY interaction on the multi-layer transition and magnetic properties of the spin-1 Blume-Capel model of a system formed by two magnetic multi-layer materials, of different thicknesses, separated by a non-magnetic spacer of thickness M. It is found that the multilayer magnetic order-disorder transition temperature depends strongly on the value of the transverse anisotropy. The multilayer transition temperature decreases when increasing the transverse anisotropy. Furthermore, there exists a critical quantum transverse anisotropy △xL beyond which the separate transitions occur in the two magnetic layers. The critical transverse anisotropy AxL decreases (increases) on increasing the non-magnetic spacer of thickness M (on increasing the crystal field), and AxL undergoes oscillations as a function of the Fermi level.
文摘目的 观察治疗性聆听对孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童在社会交往功能方面的影响。方法 2022年1月至2023年1月,北京博爱医院ASD儿童40例随机分为A组(n=20)和B组(n=20),两组均接受基础康复治疗和常规作业治疗,B组在常规作业治疗的同时进行治疗性聆听训练,共8周。治疗前后采用残疾儿童功能评定量表(PEDI)、儿童孤独症评定量表(CARS)、孤独症行为量表(ABC)、Peabody运动发育量表第2版(PDMS-2)和加拿大作业活动行为评估(COPM)进行评定。结果 治疗后,两组各项指标均明显改善(|t|> 3.194, P <0.01),除ABC评分外,B组各项指标均优于A组(|t|>2.122, P <0.05)。结论 在常规作业治疗的基础上进行治疗性聆听训练,可以更有效地改善ASD儿童的感觉处理障碍和社会交往功能。