Rhizoma paridis saponins protected against liver injury in diethylnitrosamine-induced mice

Background:Diethylnitrosamine,one of food additives,possessed a strong carcinogenic effect in human.Rhizoma paridis saponins,as the main active components of Paris polyphylla,have a good anti-cancer effect in our previous research.To verify their inhibitory effect on diethylnitrosamine-induced liver cancer,we carried out this study.Methods:We established diethylnitrosamine-induced mouse hepatocarcinoma models to evaluate antitumor of Rhizoma paridis saponins.Subsequently,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied to analyze the metabolites in the urine and serum samples.Results:Rhizoma paridis saponins alleviated diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis.On the one hand,Rhizoma paridis saponins down-regulated the levels of liver function markers,such as alanine aminotransferase,aspartate transaminase and alpha fetoprotein.On the other hand,Rhizoma paridis saponins reduced metabolic disorders by increasing fructose and mannose metabolism,and decreasing pentose and glucuronate interconversion,inositol phosphate metabolism,and the process of saturated fatty acids transforming to unsaturated fatty acids,which based on the regulating mRNA expression of glucose transporter type 4,lactate dehydrogenase A,fatty acid synthetas,acetyl-CoA carboxylase and apolipoprotein A-I.Conclusion:Rhizoma paridis saponins has the potential application to inhibit chemical-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in the future.

Untiring Researches for Alternative Resources of Rhizoma Paridis

Rhizoma Paridis(RP,M®),a traditional Chinese medicine,is the rhizoma of Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis(PPY)or P.polyphylla var.chinensis which are widely used as important raw materials for several Chinese patent drugs.However,the wild resources of these herbs have become less and less due to their slow-growing characteristics and previously excessive excavation.This review covers untiring investigations on alternative resources of RP by our research group over the past decades,including non-medicinal parts of PPY as well as other plants of Liliaceae and Liliflorae families.The arial parts of PPY and the whole plants of Trillium kamtschaticum might be alternative resources for RP based on the fact that they shared the same or similar saponins and bioactivities.

Phytochemistry,Pharmacology,Toxicology,and Structure-Cytotoxicity Relationship of Paridis Rhizome Saponin

The rhizomes of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis and P. polyphylla var. chinensis are used as traditional herbal medicines in many parts of China. The Paridis Rhizome saponin (PRS),as the active ingredient,has played an important role in hemostasis,antibacterial action,and inflammation counteraction,bearing some analogy to Gongxuening and Yunnanbaiyao in efficacy. Modern pharmacological experiments have proved that PRS possesses two main sapogenins: diosgenin and pennogenin,which could provide a lot of clinical treatment effects (anti-oxidation,anti-inflammation,anti-apoptosis,anti-metastasis,and immunostimulant,etc.). In the past,several main steroid saponins have been studied in a number of randomized controlled trials for their effects and mechanisms mainly on antitumor performance. The extensive results have demonstrated that PRS was an effective group of active components to antitumor clinical trials. In this article,we reviewed the reported phytochemical,pharmacological,and toxicological properties of PRS and compared the structure-cytotoxicity relationship of PRS in antitumor effects.

A Review of the Pharmacology, Application, Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, Quality Control, Processing, Toxicology, and Pharmacokinetics of Paridis Rhizoma

Paridis Rhizoma(PR) is also known as the flower with seven leaves and one branch, PR with golden thread, etc. It tastes bitter, numb, and slightly cold and has little poison. It is often used for the treatment of external skin infection, sore throat, snake bite, fall pain, frightening convulsion, and other diseases. PR has analgesic, sedative, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, and renal and liver protective effects;inhibition of angiogenesis;immune regulation;and antioxidant and cardiovascular effects, and antifertility and anti-early pregnancy sperm killing effects. Steroidal saponins, β-ecdysone, polysaccharides, microelements, flavonoid glycosides, and amino acids were isolated from PR. In this paper, its pharmacology, application, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, quality control, toxicology, and pharmacokinetics were reviewed. This information suggests that we should focus on the development of new drugs related to PR, including specific ingredients, so as to make PR play a greater therapeutic potential. At the same time, attention should be paid to the rational use of PR resources to avoid excessive using, resulting in resource shortage. Therefore, we can carry out the research on the substitutes of PR, a large-scale planting of(Paridis Rhizoma) PR, and develop the same genus of PR and other resources. So far, great progress has been made in pharmacology and phytochemistry, especially in antitumor research, and many traditional uses have been confirmed and clarified by modern pharmacological research. However, there are few studies on the mechanism of its pharmacological action and few studies on processing. To develop new drugs in the future, more studies and experiments are still needed to prove the effect of PR and explore more new effects.

不同产地重楼的HPLC指纹图谱研究

采用Sepax Gp-C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-0.05%磷酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速1.0 m L/min,柱温30℃,检测波长210 nm,以此测试条件分别测定了云南、四川、贵州、甘肃省出产的10批重楼(Rhizoma Paridis)药材样品HPLC色谱图,以重楼HPLC 7号色谱峰为参照物,按照重楼HPLC指纹图谱共有模式,建立了来自4个不同省产地10批重楼的HPLC指纹图谱。通过相似度分析、聚类分析和主成分分析方法,对不同产地重楼进行鉴别研究。结果表明,10批重楼可以分为两大类,甘肃省的重楼单独为一类,其他3个省产地的重楼聚为另一类。同时该HPLC指纹图谱检测方法简便快捷、重现性好,可用于重楼质量控制,能够实现对重楼产地的初步鉴别。

长药隔重楼分离化合物抗肿瘤活性研究

[目的]研究中药重楼分离化合物的抗肿瘤活性。[方法]采用提取及萃取过程制备长药隔重楼分离化合物,选取昆明种小白鼠为动物模型,通过体外作用,测定其对小鼠黑色素瘤的抑制作用。[结果]从长药隔重楼中所提取出的7种甾体皂苷类成分,均表现出较强的癌细胞抑制活性。[结论]中药重楼分离化合物是一种安全有效的抗肿瘤活性物质。

Technical Regulations for Under-forest Cultivation of Paris polyphylla Smith in Hunan Province

In this paper,the seedling raising,cultivation,field management,pest and disease control,harvesting and processing of Paris polyphylla Smith under the forest in Hunan Province were scientifically standardized,to provide technical support for standardized cultivation and sustainable development of Paris polyphylla Smith industry in Hunan Province.