Circulating circRNA expression profile and its potential role in late recurrence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation post catheter ablation

BACKGROUND Catheter-based pulmonary vein isolation(PVI) is an effective and well-established intervention for symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF). Nevertheless, late recurrences of atrial fibrillation(LRAF) occurring during 3 to 12months are common, and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Circular RNAs(circ RNAs) in atrial tissue have been linked to the pathophysiological mechanisms and progression of PAF in a few studies. However, their expression patterns in peripheral blood and regulatory function in LRAF are not clear.METHODS In the present study, the expression profile of circulating circ RNAs in three paired nonvalvular PAF patients with or without LRAF was investigated by high-throughput sequencing and validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q RT-PCR). Bioinformatics analyses, including Gene Ontology(GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analysis, and circ RNA/mi RNA regulatory network, were performed to predict the functions and potential regulatory roles of differentially expressed(DE) circ RNAs.RESULTS A total of 12,834 circ RNAs, comprising 5,491 down-regulated and 7,343 up-regulated circ RNAs, were found to be DE in blood smaples from the two groups in peripheral blood between LRAF and non-recurrence control individuals. The most enriched GO categories in terms of molecular function, biological process, and cellular component features were catalytic activity,cellular metabolic process, and intracellular part, respectively. The KEGG enrichment study revealed that the most important metabolic process controlled by DE circ RNAs is endocytosis. In the circ RNA/micro RNAs interaction network, four up-regulated circ RNAs(hsa_circ_0002665, hsa_circ_0001953, hsa_circ_0003831, and hsa_circ_0040533) and one down-regulated circ RNA(hsa_circ_0041103) were predicted to play potential regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of LRAF.CONCLUSIONS This investigation discovered the expression pattern of circulating circ RNAs that is indicative of PAF late recurrence, which may serve as risk markers or therapeutic targets for LRAF after PVI.

Relationship between abnormal vagus nerve tension and basal ganglia cerebral infarction induced paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Objective: To investigate the relationship between basal ganglia cerebral infarction and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF) caused by abnormal vagus nerve tension.Methods: A total of 1 483 cases of elder patients with cerebral infarction who received head CT or MRI examination during the period were enrolled, including 830 male and613 female, with the average age as 78 years. These cases were divided into basal infarction ganglia group(n = 1 045) and non-basal ganglia infarction group(n = 438)according to the anatomic site of cerebral infarction. The differences of the incidence of PAF, left atrial diameter and heart rate variability were compared between the two groups.Results: In basal ganglia infarction group, the incidence rate of PAF was significantly higher than that of non-basal ganglia infarction group(P < 0.05). The incidence trend of cerebral infarction in basal ganglia was age-related, in the >79 years basal ganglia cerebral infarction group, the incidence of PAF was significantly higher than that of nonbasal ganglia infarction group(P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the left atrial diameter between the basal ganglia infarction group and non-basal ganglia infarction group. Basal ganglia cerebral infarction patients with high PAF had higher heart rate variability than non-basal ganglia infarction group.Conclusion: Elderly patients with basal ganglia infarction have high incidence of PAF.Sympathetic nerve damage in cerebral basal ganglia, increased vagal tension and cardiac vagal tension are the direct causes of PAF. The results indicates that the increased central vagal nerve tension mediated PAF probably is an indication of supplying sympathetic neurotransmitter or cardiac vagal denervation treatment.

Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in cryoballoon ablation outcomes for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

BACKGROUND Cryoballoon ablation(CBA)is recommended for patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(AF)refractory to antiarrhythmic drugs.However,only 80%of patients benefit from initial CBA.There is growing evidence that pretreatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors(ACEIs)and angiotensin receptor blockers(ARBs)decreases the recurrence of AF postablation,particularly in nonparoxysmal AF undergoing radiofrequency ablation.The role of ACEIs and ARBs in patients with paroxysmal AF in CBA remains unknown.We decided to investigate the role of ACEIs and ARBs in preventing the recurrence of atrial arrhythmia(AA)following CBA for paroxysmal AF.AIM To investigate the role of ACEIs and ARBs in preventing recurrence of AA following CBA for paroxysmal AF.METHODS We followed 103 patients(age 60.6±9.1 years,29%women)with paroxysmal AF undergoing CBA 1-year post procedure.Recurrence was assessed by documented AA on electrocardiogram or any form of long-term cardiac rhythm monitoring.A multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess if ACEI or ARB treatment predicted the risk of AA recurrence.RESULTS After a 1-year follow-up,19(18.4%)participants developed recurrence of AA.Use of ACEI or ARB therapy was noted in the study population.Patients on ACEI/ARB had a greater prevalence of hypertension and coronary artery disease.On a multivariate model adjusted for baseline demographics and risk factors for AF,ACEI or ARB therapy did not prevent recurrence of AA following CBA(P=0.72).Similarly,on Kaplan–Meier analysis pretreatment with ACEI/ARB did not predict the time to first recurrence of AA(P=0.2173).CONCLUSION In our study population,preablation treatment with an ACEI or ARB had no influence on the recurrence of AA following CBA for paroxysmal AF.

Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing protocols for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation(AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmia worldwide, is associated with a higher risk of mortality and morbidity, in which paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF) approximately accounts for 25%-60% of AF. Anti-arrhythmic drugs(AAD) have been used to treat different indications of AF for a long time, but its use is limited due to potential proarrhythmic cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular toxicity as well as the modest impact on the maintenance of sinus rhythm. Recently, Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) exhibits an excellent effect on PAF. This article primarily investigated the key points of common syndromes, TCM nursing methods and healthy guidance of PAF, aiming at maintaining and developing the strengths of TCM, improving its efficacy and standardizing its behavior.

Ultrasound ablation of pulmonary veins for treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Objective : to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound ablation of pulmonary veins for treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods : The study population consisted of 9 patients with 5 males and 4 females enrolled consecutively who had idiopathic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(AF) . The ultrasound balloon was positioned through a special sheath to the orifice of the target vein by a transseptal procedure. The balloon was inflated with contrast-mixed saline (contrast: saline = 1:4) whose volume was decided by the diameter of the target pulmonary vein. The ablation energy was usually set up at 35 to 40 watts with temperature controlled at 60℃ . The duration of each ablation was about 120 seconds which was repeated not over 10 times. Results: The average duration of the total procedure was 132± 68 min for our patients. The average fluoroscopy time was 33 ±17 min. With a mean follow-up of 16 ±8 months after the procedure, AF was completely eliminated in 4 patients without antiarrhythmic drugs. The episodes of atrial fibrillation were eliminated in 2 patients with low dosage of oral amiodarone (0.1, once daily) which was ineffective before the procedure. The frequency of episodes was similar to that before the procedure in 3 patients. There were no complications such as hemopericardium, air embolism and stenosis of the pulmonary veins by angiography, related to the procedure. Conclusion : Ultrasound ablation of the pulmonary veins is a new approach to treat paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Before we determined its value, we need to do more researches with bigger sample, randomization and comparison design.

Study on the mechanism of Renshen Gansong herb in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation based on network pharmacology

Objective:To explore the target gene and mechanism of effective components of Renshen-Gansong in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation based on network pharmacology.Methods:The chemical constituents of Renshen-Gansong drug pairs were searched by TCMSP traditional Chinese medicine database.The potentially effective components were screened under the conditions of bioavailability(OB)≥30%and drug-like(DL)≥0.18,and the potential targets were predicted by TCMSP database.The human gene name corresponding to the potential target was found by Uniprot database,and the disease target of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation was searched by Genecards database,the intersection target was mapped with the potential target of drug pair,the Wayne diagram was drawn,and the disease-drug-component-target network map was constructed by Cytoscape3.7.2.The PPI protein interaction network map was constructed by STRING database to select the core targets,and finally GO analysis and KEGG analysis were carried out.Results:A total of 28 active components and 45 effective targets were obtained.GO enrichment analysis showed that the main pathways were neurotransmitter receptor activity,ion gated channel activity,passive transmembrane transporter activity,G protein coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity and so on.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the main pathways were IL-17 signal pathway,calcium signal pathway,TNF signal pathway and so on.Conclusion:Renshen-Gansong has a synergistic effect on the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation through multi-targets,multi-pathways and multiple signal pathways,which provides a basis for further study of drug mechanism and clinical guidance.

Application Effect Evaluation of Telmisartan combined with Spironolactone after Catheter Ablation of Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Objective:To evaluate the application effect of telmisartan combined with spironolactone after catheter ablation of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.Methods:80 cases of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation who received radiofrequency catheter ablation treatment from March 2013 to March 2016 in our hospital were randomly selected,these patients were divided into two groups according to the treatment methods,namely,the telmisartan with Spironolactone treatment group(combined treatment group,n=40)and the conventional therapy group(n=40).The hs-CRP,NT-proBNP,LAD and recurrence of the two groups were analyzed.Results:The hs-CRP,NT-proBNP levels after 3 months of the combined treatment group were significantly lower(P<0.05),the recurrence rate 10.0%(4/40)was significantly lower than the conventional therapy group 27.5%(11/40)(P<0.05),the time to recurrence was significantly longer than the conventional therapy group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application effects of telmisartan combined with spironolactone after catheter ablation in the treatment of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation are better than conventional therapy.

Modified Maze lines plus pulmonary vein isolation created by radiofrequency catheter ablation on the atrial wall to treat atrial fibrillation in elderly

Objective To evaluate the effect of modified Maze lines plus pulmonary vein (PV) isolation created by radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) on atrial wall guided by a novel geometry mapping system in the treatment of elderly patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). Methods After regular electrophysiological study, transseptal punctures were achieved twice with Swartz L1 and R1 sheaths. PV angiographies were conducted to evaluate their orifices and branches. A balloon electrode array catheter with 64 electrodes was put in the middle of the left atrium. Atrium geometry was constructed using Ensite 3000 Navx system. Two RFCA lesion loops and three lines (modified Maze) were created on left and right atrial walls. Each lesion point was ablated for 30 seconds with preset temperature 50 (ae) and energy 30W. The disappearance or 80% decrease of the amplitude of target atrial potential and 10 to 20(|), decrease of ablation impedance were used as an index of effective ablation. Results A total of 11 patients (7 male and 4 female, mean age, 68.7±5.1 years) were enrolled. PAF history was 7.9±4.5 years. PAF could not be prevented by mean 3.1±1.6 antiarrhythmic agents in 6.3±3.4 years. None of the patients had complications with structural heart disease or stroke. Left atrial diameter was 41.3±3.6 mm and LVEF was 59.2±3.7% on echocardiography. Two loops and three lines were completed with 67.8±13.1 (73-167) lesion points. Altogether 76-168 (89.4±15.3) lesion points were created in each patient. PAF could not be provoked by rapid burst pacing up to 600 beat per minute delivered from paroxysmal coronary sinus electrode pair.Complete PV electrical isolation was confirmed by three-dimensional activation mapping. Mean procedure time was 2.7±0.6 hours and fluoroscopy time was 17.8±9.4 minutes. Patients were discharged with oral aspirin and without antiarrhythmic agents. During follow up of 6.5±1.8 months, seven patients were PAF symptom free (63.6%). PAF attacks were decreased more than 70% in two patients (18.2%). PAF frequency did not change in another two patients (18.2%). Conclusions Ensite 3000 Navx guided modified Maze lines plus PV isolation on the atrial wall is safe and feasible in the elderly patients. It has the advantages of exact procedural endpoint, shorter X-ray exposure, fewer complications and satisfied long-term effect PAF control.

CHANGES OF PLASMA ENDOTHELIN AND ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE DURING THE ONSET AND AFTER TERMINATION OF PAROXYSMAL SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA

Radioimmunoassays were used to measure the concentration changes of plasma endothelin(ET) and atrial natriuretic peptide(ANP) during the onset and after termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(SVT). 30 cases were reviewed and compansons with 42 normal subjects were made. There are very significant differences(P<0.0001) in the concentration changes of both plasma ET and ANP during the onset and 30 minutes after the termination of SVT. During the onset period of SVT. the plasma ET and ANP were markedly elevated and 30 minutes after its termination they were lowered significantly, but their concentrations were still 2-fold higher than ihose of the control group. As the biological effects of ANP and ET are antagonistic to each other. their parallel elevation and lowering of plasma concentrations during and.after the termination of SVT reveal that these 2 hormones parucipate in the pathophysiological process of SVT. This phenomenon is possibly one of the homeostatic regulatory functions in the organism.

Atrial Fibrillation Ablation:Indications,New Advances,and Complications

Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most common cardiac arrhythmia affecting millions of people worldwide with increasing incidence and prevalence.Radiofrequency catheter ablation has evolved as the treatment of choice for both paroxysmal and persistent AF.Several studies have been reported on catheter ablation as the first-line treatment for paroxysmal AF and different strategies for persistent AF.New technologies such as contact-force sensing catheters and cryoballoon have been recently used and the procedure carries the risk of complications like hematoma,arteriovenous fistula,cardiac tamponade,pulmonary vein stenosis,atrio-esophageal fistula and death.

Frailty and Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients Aged 65 Years or Older with Atrial Fibrillation

Background:Elderly adults with atrial fi brillation(AF)are at increased risk of frailty and thromboembolic complications.However,studies on the prevalence of frailty in AF patients and data on the relationship between frailty and the use of anticoagulants are limited.Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 500 participants.Patients aged 65 years or older were consecutively selected from the Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry study.The patient’s frailty status was assessed with use of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging Clinical Frailty Scale.We assessed the prevalence of and factors associated with frailty,and how frailty affects anticoagulant therapy.Results:In 500 elderly adults with AF(age 75.2±6.7 years;51.6%female),201 patients(40.2%)were frail.The prevalence of frailty was higher in females(P=0.002)and increased with age and CHA 2 DS 2-VASc score(P for trend less than 0.001 for both).The factors associated with frailty were a history of heart failure(odds ratio[OR]2.40,95%confi dence interval[CI]1.39–4.14),female sex(OR 2.09,95%CI 1.27–3.43),and advanced age(OR 1.13,95%CI 1.09–1.17).Frail patients were signifi cantly less likely to have ever been prescribed anticoagulants compared with nonfrail patients(81.7 vs.54.9%,P<0.001).Conclusions:Frailty is prevalent in elderly adults with AF,especially in females,those of advanced age,and those with heart failure.Frailty status has a signifi cant impact on prescription of anticoagulants for high-risk AF patients.

参松养心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦治疗阵发性心房颤动合并慢性心力衰竭对hs-CRP、BNP、AngⅡ及心功能的影响

目的 探讨参松养心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦治疗阵发性心房颤动合并慢性心力衰竭对高敏C反应蛋白(High sensitivity C-reactive protein, hs-CRP)、脑钠肽(Brain natriuretic peptide, BNP)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngiotensinⅡ,AngⅡ)及心功能的影响。方法 选取100例阵发性心房颤动合并慢性心力衰竭患者,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组50例,对照组在常规治疗基础上给予沙库巴曲缬沙坦口服,观察组在常规治疗基础上给予参松养心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦口服治疗,疗程6个月。观察血清hs-CRP、BNP、AngⅡ、左心室射血分数(Left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF)、左室收缩末期内径(Left ventricular end systolic diameter, LVESD)、左室舒张末期内径(Left ventricular end diastolic diameter, LVEDD)变化。结果 两组治疗前血清hs-CRP、BNP、AngⅡ比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后下降(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗前LVEF、LVESD、LVEDD比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后LVEF升高(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05),治疗后LVESD、LVEDD下降(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗前阵发性心房颤动发作次数、阵发性心房颤动持续时间、心室率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后下降(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);对照组转为持续性心房颤动、心力衰竭恶化、缺血心源性死亡率分别为20.00%、22.00%、4.00%,观察组分别为4.00%、6.00%、0.00%,转为持续性心房颤动、心力衰竭恶化发生率对照组高于观察组(P<0.05);观察组治疗疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 参松养心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦治疗阵发性心房颤动合并慢性心力衰竭有助于促进hs-CRP、BNP、AngⅡ下降,改善患者心功能,改善预后。

基于心率变异性的阵发性心房颤动预测方法

基于心率变异性(HRV)的特征分析,提出一种患者阵发性房颤(PAF)发作的预测系统方法。首先,基于一种新的自适应滤波技术逐次平滑滤波并粗粒化HRV后,采用熵量化HRV在多个自适应尺度的复杂性特征;其次,特征经MinMax归一化和序列前向选择特征子集,输入支持向量机识别HRV类型,预测PAF发作。经50例时长5 min HRV序列集的五折交叉验证,得到最优预测结果为:准确率98%,敏感性100%,特异性96%,性能表现优越。另外,实验表明远离和紧随PAF时的HRV复杂性特征值在不同频率段内,分别具有不同的显著变化(P<0.05),反映受试者神经系统调节心脏节律改变,以及调控机体、应激等适应外界环境变化能力的下降。

心电图P波参数联合体质量指数在阵发性房颤患者消融术后复发预测中的应用价值

目的探讨心电图P波参数联合体质量指数(BMI)在阵发性房颤(PAF)患者射频消融术后复发预测中的应用价值。方法回顾性选取2021年3月—2022年12月新疆医科大学第一附属医院心脏中心收治PAF消融术后患者109例为研究对象,根据术后1年内复发情况分为复发组(n=24)和未复发组(n=85)。109例PAF患者均于术前及术后24 h内行12导联心电图检测。收集患者术前BMI、左心房内径(LAD)等临床资料并采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析PAF患者术后复发的影响因素;采用ROC曲线分析P波参数联合BMI对PAF患者术后复发的预测价值。结果109例PAF患者中术后1年内复发24例,复发率22.02%。复发组房颤病程、高血压占比、LAD、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞计数比值(NLR)以及BMI均高于未复发组(t/χ^(2)/P=2.559/0.012、5.827/0.016、4.557/<0.001、5.254/<0.001、4.436/<0.001)。复发组术前P波时限(PWD)、最大PWD(Pmax)及P波离散度(Pd)均较未复发组显著升高(t=5.617、4.005、9.078,P均<0.001)。多因素Logistic分析显示,BMI、LAD、NLR、高血压、PWD、Pmax及Pd均为PAF患者术后复发的危险因素[OR(95%CI)=1.163(1.008~1.342)、1.256(1.024~1.540)、1.458(1.106~1.922)、1.435(1.045~1.971)、1.509(1.136~2.005)、1.157(1.005~1.332)、1.714(1.308~2.246)]。四者联合预测PAF患者术后复发的AUC优于PWD、Pmax、BMI各自单独预测效能(Z/P=2.017/0.044、2.476/0.013、2.788/0.005),而与Pd单独预测的AUC比较,差异无统计学意义(Z/P=1.946/0.052)。结论BMI、LAD、NLR、高血压、PWD、Pmax及Pd是PAF患者术后复发的影响因素,术前PWD、Pmax和Pd联合BMI对PAF患者术后复发具有较高预测价值。

A randomized prospective comparison of CartoMerge and CartoXP to guide circumferential pulmonary vein isolation for the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Background CartoXP and CartoMerge have been used to treat atrial fibrillation （AF） for several years. Our randomized prospective study compared clinical outcomes of these two versions of three dimensional electroanatomic mapping system in guiding catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation （PAF）. Methods Eighty-one patients with symptomatic, drug refractory PAF were randomly assigned to CartoMerge group （n=-42, mean age （54.5 ＋ 13.1） years, history of AF = 3.2 years） or CartoXP group （n=39, mean age （59.8 ± 15.6） years, history of AF = 2.9 years）. All patients underwent 64-slice computed tomography （MSCT） 1 to 3 days prior to ablation procedure. Using CartoMergeTM Image Integration Module, 3D anatomical images of the left atrium （LA） and pulmonary veins （PVS） derived from MSCT of CartoMerge group were established and merged with the electroanatomical map. The integrated images were used to guide the procedure of circumferential pulmonary vein isolation （CPVl）. In the other group, CPVl was guided just by CartoXP. The endpoint of CPVl in both groups was abolition or dissociation of pulmonary vein potentials （PVPs）. Results Mapping points to establish the electroanatomical model of the LA/PVs were 48.7＋13.4 in CartoMerge group and 62.5±15.7 in CartoXP group （P〈0.001）. Mean distance between mapping points and the MSCT surfaces in CartoMerge group was （1.59±0.33） mm. Accomplishment of abolition or dissociation of PVPs was achieved 95.2% in CartoMerge group and 92.3% in CartoXP group. Durations of procedure and exposure to X-ray were （156±25） minutes, （179±21） minutes （P〈0.001） and （19.6±7.5） minutes, （28.5±12.8） minutes （P 〈0.001）, respectively. After a follow-up with duration of （11.9＋3.1） months vs （12.4±3.6） months post the first ablation procedure, patients free of AF were 33 （78.6%） in CartoMerge group and 29 （74.4%） in CartoXP group （P〉0.50）. No patient suffered pulmonary vein stenosis, atenoesophageal fistula, stroke or death. Conclusion Compared to CartoXP, CartoMerge shortened the catheter ablation procedure and exposure to X-ray, without affecting the clinical outcomes of circumferential pulmonary vein isolation for the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in experienced centres.

非瓣膜病心房颤动患者并发缺血性脑卒中的危险因素分析

目的分析非瓣膜病心房颤动(NVAF)患者并发缺血性脑卒中(IS)的危险因素。方法选取2020年3月至2022年3月四川省凉山彝族自治州第一人民医院收治的239例NVAF患者为研究对象,根据是否并发IS将研究对象分为IS组(并发IS,92例)和非IS组(未并发IS,147例)。采用单因素分析及多因素logistic回归方法分析NVAF患者并发IS的独立影响因素。结果239例NVAF患者中,92例(38.49%)患者并发IS。IS组患者年龄≥75岁比例、合并糖尿病比例、合并高血压比例、总胆固醇(TC)、红细胞分布宽度(RDW)、左心房直径(LAD)均高于非IS组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥75岁、合并糖尿病、合并高血压、TC、RDW、LAD是NVAF患者并发IS的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论高龄、合并糖尿病或高血压以及TC、RDW、LAD水平升高是NVAF患者并发IS的危险因素。

nterventional Therapy for Bilateral Acute Renal Artery Embolism Caused by Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Clinically persistent atrial fibrillation （AF） occurring with systemic embolism is not uncommon. In contrast, the incidence of embolism due to paroxysmal AF is far lower than that of persistent AF. Cerebral arteries are the most common sites of emboli caused by AF, followed by the mesenteric artery, splenic artery, lower extremity arteries, and renal arteries. However, the occurrence of concurrent bilateral renal artery emboli is extremely rare in paroxysmal AF patients. Within the scope of the information, we have collected, only three similar cases have been reported.

参松养心胶囊治疗阵发性心房颤动的效果分析

目的:分析参松养心胶囊治疗阵发性房颤的效果。方法:选取2021年10月—2022年10月天水市中医医院收治的阵发性房颤患者74例作为研究对象,应用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,各37例。对照组行常规疗法,观察组在对照组基础上给予参松养心胶囊。比较两组治疗效果。结果:治疗后,两组左心室射血分数高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,两组左心房内径低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组P波离散度、P波最大时限短于治疗前,且观察组短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血细胞比容、全血低切黏度低于治疗前,但观察组高于对照组,两组纤维蛋白原、血浆黏度、全血高切黏度低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.013)。结论:参松养心胶囊治疗阵发性房颤的效果显著,能够改善Pwd,强化心功能,调节血流动力学参数。

阵发性心房颤动发作风险的人工智能预测模型

目的建立一种基于24 h心电图数据开发的集成模型,从而对房颤高危人群发生房颤的风险,及实时预测阵发性房颤患者房颤的发作。方法连续回顾性收集2018年1月1日至2021年12月31日在暨南大学第一附属医院心电报告诊断为阵发性心房颤动的患者共310例,经筛选后共有124例患者作为心房颤动组纳入本研究。同时以1∶4的比例随机选择496例心电图报告正常的患者作为非心房颤动组。两组患者最终一起被随机分配,得到训练集(n=434)、验证集(n=62)和测试集(n=124),比例为7∶1∶2,以进行心电模型训练。建立心电神经网络模型和心率神经网络模型,最后使用逻辑回归将心电神经网络模型和心率神经网络模型结合得到集成模型。结果经过训练、验证和测试,人工智能集成算法的曲线下面积为0.94(95%CI 0.75~0.94),其敏感度、特异度、准确度、精确度和F1分数分别为56.0%、98.0%、90.0%、93.0%和0.70。与临床风险模型和现有的房颤预测模型HARMS2-AF评分相比,AI算法的性能更好(P<0.01)。结论人工智能集成算法可能是预测房颤风险,实时预测房颤发作的有效方法,可以作为一种早期预警工具。这对房颤的筛查,个体化抗凝方案的制定具有重要的临床意义。

左心耳血栓持续存在患者行左心耳封堵术的可行性:系统性分析

目的 回顾性分析心房颤动合并左心耳血栓持续存在患者行左心耳封堵术的可行性。方法 计算机检索2000年1月1日至2023年6月1日,PubMed、EBSCO、知网、万方等电子数据库中所有关于左心耳血栓患者行左心耳封堵术的摘要或全文。收集了所有患者基线的临床特点、手术相关资料和围术期并发症、随访时的临床结局,对数据汇总进行分析。结果 回顾性纳入了心房颤动合并左心耳血栓持续存在的278例患者,平均年龄为73.2岁,男性占58.6%,平均CHA2DS2-VASc和HAS-BLED评分分别为(4.62±1.23)分和(3.28±0.94)分,既往发生脑卒中的患者中,缺血性脑卒中/短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的患者占74.8%,绝大部分左心耳血栓位于左心耳远端(72.7%)。所有患者均成功置入了左心耳封堵器,Amulet是最常用的左心耳封堵器类型(65%)。术中有118例(42.4%)患者使用了脑保护装置。大多数左心耳封堵术在标准左心耳封堵术的基础上进行了改良。术后1例患者发生TIA,3例(1.08%)患者出现了少量心包积液,但无需引流,主要出血事件3例,其中2例需要输血。纳入研究平均随访时间(6.2±7.1)个月,随访238例,随访期间全因死亡率为1.68%(4/238),发生4例缺血性脑卒中,器械相关血栓12例(12/238,5.04%)。结论 由经验丰富的术者,结合左心耳内血栓位置,采用改良的手术技术和合适的封堵器类型,左心耳血栓持续存在患者行左心耳封堵术是可行的。