Test and numerical investigations on static and dynamic characteristics of extra-wide concrete self-anchored suspension bridge under vehicle loads

The present work is aimed at studying the mechanic properties of the extra-wide concrete self-anchored suspension bridge under static and dynamic vehicle loads. Based on the field test using 12 heavy trucks and finite element simulations, the static deformations of different components, stress increments and distributions of the girder, as well as the vibration characteristics and damping ratio of the Hunan Road Bridge were analyzed, which is the widest self-anchored suspension bridge in China at present. The dynamic responses were calculated using the Newmark-β integration method assisted by the simulation models of bridge and vehicles, the influences on the dynamic impact coefficient(DIC) brought by the vehicle parameters, girder width, eccentricity travel and deck flatness were also researched. The spatial effect of the girder is obvious due to the extra width, which performs as the stress increments distribute unevenly along the transverse direction, and the girder deflections and stress increments of the upper plate change as a "V" and "M" shape respectively under the symmetrical vehicle loads affected by the shear lag effect, cross slope and local effect of the wheels, the maximum of stress increments are located in the junctions with the inner webs. The obvious girder torsional deformation and the apparent unevenness of the hanger forces between the two cable planes under the eccentric vehicle loads, together with the mode shapes such as the girder transverse bending and torsion which appear relatively earlier, all reflect the weakened torsional rigidity of the extra-wide girder. The transverse displacements of towers are more obvious than the longitudinal ones. As for the influences on the DIC, the static effect of the heavier vehicles plays a major role when pass through with a higher speed and the changes of vehicle suspension stiffness generate greater impacts than the suspension damp. The values of DIC in the vehicle-running side during the eccentric travel, affected by the restricts from the static effects of the eccentric moving trucks, are significantly smaller than the vehicle-free side, the increase in the road roughness is the most sensitive one among the above influential factors. The results could provide references for the design, static and dynamic response analysis of the similar extra-wide suspension bridges.

Seismic Behavior Analysis of Steel Tower of Self-anchored Suspension Bridge

Self-anchored suspension bridge is composed of tower and its foundation, stiffened beam, main cable, sling, side pier and its foundation, auxiliary pier and its foundation. The performance and importance of the components of the bridge are different. The main tower of self-anchored suspension bridge is a very important component. Once the injury and damage occur under earthquake, it is not only difficult to inspect and repair, let alone replace. This paper calculates the seismic performance of self-anchored suspen-sion bridge steel tower based on the application of Wuhan Gutian Bridge steel tower.

Calculation method on shape finding of self-anchored suspension bridge with spatial cables

Based on the spatial model,a reliable and accurate calculation method on the shape finding of self anchored suspension bridge with spatial cables was studiedin this paper.On the principle that the shape of the main cables between hangers is catenary,the iteration method of calculating the shapes of the spatial main cables under the load of hanger forces was deduced.The reasonable position of the saddle was determined according to the shape and the theoretical joint point of the main cables.The shapes of the main cables at completed cable stage werecalculated based on the unchanging principle of the zero-stress lengths of the main cables.By using a numerical method combining with the finite element method,one self-anchored suspension bridge with spatial cables was analyzed.The zero-stress length of the main cables,the position of the saddle,and the pre-offsetting of the saddle of the self-anchored suspension bridge were given.The reasonable shapes of the main cables at bridge completion stage and completed cable stage were presented.The results show that the shape-finding calculation method is effective and reliable.

Comprehensive Optimal Control on Seismic Response of a Single-Tower Self-Anchored Suspension Bridge

Earthquake may cause severe damage to all kinds of bridge such as the falling down of the girder; therefore,effective measures should be employed to control the seismic displacement. In this paper,the method of comprehensive optimal control,com-bined with analytic hierarchy process,is employed to investigate the seismic response control of the Nanjing Jiangxinzhou Bridge,which is a single-tower self-anchored suspension bridge （SSSB）. Also,3-dimensional nonlinear seismic response analyses are con-ducted. Three types of practical connection measures for seismic response control of SSSB are investigated,and the optimal pa-rameters of the connection devices are achieved by this method. Results show that both the elastic connection devices and the damp-ers with rational parameters can reduce the seismic displacement of the bridge effectively,but the elastic connection devices will in-crease the seismic force of the tower. When all factors are consid-ered,the optimal measure is by using the elastic connection devices and the dampers together. These results can provide references for seismic response control of SSSBs.

Optimization of Dead Load State in Earth-Anchored Cable-Stayed Bridges

In order to determine the reasonable completed dead load state in earth-anchored cable-stayed bridges,a practical method is proposed. The method is based on the rigidly supported continuous beam method and the feasible zone method,emphasizing on the mutual effect between the self-anchored structural parts and the earth-anchored ones. Three cable-stayed bridge models are designed with the main spans of 1 400 m,including a partially earth-anchored cable-stayed bridge,a cable-stayed-suspension bridge and a fully selfanchored cable-stayed bridge,in which the C50 concrete and Q345 steel are adopted. The partially earthanchored cable-stayed bridge and the cable-stayed-suspension bridge secure lower compressive force in the girder than the fully self-anchored cable-stayed bridge by 25 percent at least. The same is for the material consumption of the whole bridge. Furthermore,the anchor volume is more than 20% lower in the partially earthanchored cable-stayed bridge than that in the cable-stayed-suspension bridge. Consequently,the practical span of cable-stayed bridges can be accordingly extended.

部分地锚式悬索桥的基本结构性能

为了拓展自锚式悬索桥的适用范围,在传统地锚式和自锚式悬索桥的基础上,提出了一种新型的部分地锚式悬索桥,并对该结构体系的基本性能进行了研究。主要研究内容包括基于挠度理论的结构分析、静力性能和自振特性、锚碇设计方法等。研究结果表明,部分地锚式悬索桥结构的静力性能介于地锚式悬索桥和自锚式悬索桥之间,其重力刚度由成桥状态时的锚索拉力提供;活载作用下主缆的内力增量在锚索和主梁中按照刚度分配,体现了"部分地锚"的特点;该体系可以通过主动张拉锚索来调整结构受力状态,并且通过发挥被动土压力的有利作用可以减小重力式锚碇的体量。部分地锚式悬索桥特别适用于建设条件受限的特殊桥位,可张拉调整的锚索为设计和施工提供了新的方案,并具有一定的优势。

自锚式悬索桥吊索张拉方案分析

介绍庄河市建设大街东桥吊索张拉控制过程,研究混凝土自锚式悬索桥吊索张拉过程中的力学特性,优化吊索张拉过程。采用部分交替前进张拉法,通过对中跨吊索3轮张拉顺利实现了体系转换,使主缆的线形、加劲梁的线形、索鞍顶推量和吊索力都达到了设计要求。

Experimental research on the multilayer compartmental particle damper and its application methods on long-period bridge structures

Particle damping technology has attracted extensive research and engineering application interest in the field of vibration control due to its prominent advantages, including wide working frequency bands, ease of installation, longer durability and insensitivity to extreme temperatures. To introduce particle damping technology to long-period structure seismic control, a novel multilayer compartmental particle damper (MCPD) was proposed, and a 1/20 scale test model of a typical long-period self-anchored suspension bridge with a single tower was designed and fabricated. The model was subjected to a series of shaking table tests with and without the MCPD. The results showed that the seismic responses of the flexible or semi-flexible bridge towers of long-period bridges influence the seismic responses of the main beam. The MCPD can be conveniently installed on the main beam and bridge tower and can effectively reduce the longitudinal peak displacement and the root mean square acceleration of the main beam and tower. In addition, no particle accumulation was observed during the tests. A well-designed MCPD can achieve significant damping for long-period structures under seismic excitations of different intensities. These results indicate that the application of MCPDs for seismic control of single-tower self-anchored suspension bridges and other long-period structures is viable.

混凝土自锚式悬索桥主缆锚固区应力分析

混凝土自锚式悬索桥主梁通常采用预应力混凝土结构,在强大的索力和预应力、支反力的共同作用下,主缆锚固区的受力状况十分复杂。针对主缆锚固区的受力状况进行研究,对优化锚固区的细部构造和预应力钢束布置均有重要意义。该文以张家港镇山大桥为例,运用有限元方法对主缆锚固区进行空间应力分析,总结了此类桥梁主缆锚固区的受力特点。

浑河上的新型桥梁

对辽宁省浑河上近十年来建造的6座新型结构大桥进行了综合评述和介绍。

开封黄河公路二桥桥型方案研究

河南省境内黄河宽浅游荡,拟建的七朝古都开封黄河公路二桥正处于这样的位置,在桥型方案设计中突出桥梁创新、桥梁景观,从结构组合入手,达到桥面变化的目的;提出了部分斜拉桥、自锚悬索桥、连续梁桥、梁拱组合结构这几种100至200m中等跨径与大跨度之间的桥梁方案,推荐的七塔部分斜拉桥方案,不但满足了黄河河道的要求,在桥梁新技术上有所突破,并使得桥梁的经济、使用和景观三者的结合上达到了理想的效果。

悬索桥损伤识别概述

根据悬索桥的特点,提出了大跨度悬索桥结构损伤识别的实用方法,即整体识别和局部识别,对具体的损伤判断方法进行了论述,从而大大推动了悬索桥损伤识别的研究、应用,并指出从整体到局部对悬索桥进行损伤识别具有一定的实用性。

变截面连续梁与自锚式悬索组合体系桥设计

南昌市桃花路跨越南桃花河桥为两跨变截面预应力混凝土梁与自锚式悬索组合体系桥。桥的跨径布置为50 m+50 m。着重介绍桥梁的总体布置、结构设计及设计创新点。