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Adverse Effects of Exposure to Fine Particulate Matters and Ozone on Gestational Hypertension 被引量:7
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作者 Rong YANG Dan LUO +7 位作者 Yi-ming ZHANG Ke HU Zheng-min QIAN Li-qin HU Long-jiao SHEN Hong XIAN Juliet Iwelunmor Su-rong MEI 《Current Medical Science》 SCIE CAS 2019年第6期1019-1028,共10页
Gestational hypertension(GH)is a common complication during pregnancy.GH is regarded as a potential public health challenge for pregnant women and infants.Limited evidence has linked ambient air pollution to an increa... Gestational hypertension(GH)is a common complication during pregnancy.GH is regarded as a potential public health challenge for pregnant women and infants.Limited evidence has linked ambient air pollution to an increased GH risk.However,most of the studies were conducted in developed countries,with inconsistent results obtained.The present study was performed to explore whether exposure to particulate matters with an aerodynamic diameter≤2.5(PM2.5)and ozone(O3)was related to elevated odds of GH in a Chinese population.This population-based cohort study involved 38115 pregnant women in Wuhan,China.All information was collected from the Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Management Information System,using standardized quality control.The daily air pollutant data for PM2.5 and O3 were obtained from the 20 monitoring stations of the Wuhan Environmental Monitoring Center during 2014.The nearest monitor approach was applied to individual exposure assessment of PM2.5 and O3 for each participant.After adjusting for major confounders and other air pollutants,a 10μg/m^3 increase in PM25 and O3 concentrations was found to correlate to a 1.14-fold[95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.09,1.20]and a 1.05-fold(95%CI:1.02,1.07)increase in GH risk,respectively.Additionally,stronger relationships between GH risk and PM25 and O3 exposure were observed in women who conceived in winter and summer,respectively.These findings suggest that air pollutants may contribute to the development of GH. 展开更多
关键词 air pollution fine particulate matter OZONE hypertensive disorders of pregnancy gestational hypertension
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Distribution and its mechanism of suspended particulate matters in the southern Huanghai Sea and the East China Sea in summer 被引量:3
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作者 QIAO Lulu LIU Yong +3 位作者 CHEN Jiaojie MA Yanyan LI Guangxue SONG Jun 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第5期94-100,共7页
Water temperature,turbidity,chlorophyll-a and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) were investigated at 61 stations of eight sections in the southern Huanghai Sea (HS) and the East China Sea (ECS) during the s... Water temperature,turbidity,chlorophyll-a and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) were investigated at 61 stations of eight sections in the southern Huanghai Sea (HS) and the East China Sea (ECS) during the summer (28 June to 15 July) of 2006.The horizontal distribution of suspended parti culate matter (SPM) displayed a high concentration inshore and a low value offshore.The maximum value can reach 10.4 mg/dm 3,which can be found at the Changjiang River mouth.For the same site,the SSC was generally higher at the bottom than on the surface.In the vertical direction,distribution characteristics of turbidity can be divided into two types:in the southern HS high values at the bottom while low values on the surface,and in the ECS high values inshore with low values offshore.The thermocline in the HS and the Taiwan Warm Current in the ECS could be important factors preventing the SPM from diffusing upward and seaward.Even the typhoon Ewiniar was not able to work on the major sediment transport under the thermocline during the observation. 展开更多
关键词 TURBIDITY suspended particulate matter SUMMER THERMOCLINE warm current
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Study of Spectral Response Characteristics of Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus) to Particulate Matters Based on Hyper-Spectral Technique 被引量:2
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作者 Lijuan Kong Haiye Yu +4 位作者 Zhaojia Piao Meichen Chen Jingmin Dang Lei Zhang Yuanyuan Sui 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2021年第3期1015-1030,共16页
Haze is mainly caused by the suspended particulate matters in the air,of which the particulate matters pollution harms leaf vegetables.In this paper,oilseed rapes at four different growing periods were investigated in... Haze is mainly caused by the suspended particulate matters in the air,of which the particulate matters pollution harms leaf vegetables.In this paper,oilseed rapes at four different growing periods were investigated in a simulated particulate pollution environment.In combination of hyper-spectral technology and micro examination,the response of hyper-spectral characteristics of the leaf to particulate matters was investigated in-depth.The hyperspectral,chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of leaf were obtained.The deposition and adsorption of particulate matters on the leaf were observed by Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope(ESEM).Normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),modified red edge normalized(mNDVI705)and modified red edge simple ratio index(mSR705)were selected as characteristic parameters and the range of 510 nm~620 nm as the sensitive band.16 methods were used to establish the physiological information inversion model.The main results were as follows:Under the influence of particulate matters,the spectral reflectance decreased as a whole.With the increase of leaf age,the phenomenon of blue shift aggravated.The amplitude of yellow and blue edge decreased with overall decreasing vegetation indices.The furrows and irregular band protrusions in leaves were favorable for keeping particulate matters.With longer affecting time and more deposition of particle matters on the leaf,the stomatal opening became smaller.After comparing,principal component regression(PCR)+multiple scatter correction(MSC)+second derivative(SD)+Savitzky-Golay smooth(SG),and partial least square(PLS)+multiple scatter correction(MSC)+first derivative(FD)+Savitzky-Golay smooth(SG)were determined the best method to establish the inversion model of chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate respectively.This study may bring novel ideas for the diagnosis and analysis of the physiological response of leaf vegetables under particulate matters pollution using hyper-spectral technology. 展开更多
关键词 particulate matter hyper-spectral technique oilseed rape chlorophyll content net photosynthetic rate STOMATA inversion model
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Analysis of trace elements in air particulate matters by non-suppressed ion chromatography
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作者 Feng Yingsheng(Y.S.Fung) and Tan Weiming (W.M.Tam)Department of Chemistry,Hong Kong University,Hong Kong 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 1991年第1期29-39,共11页
The application of non-suppressed ion chromatography for monitoring of trace elements in air particulate matter was studied in the present investigation. The results indicate that the use of microwave acid digestion m... The application of non-suppressed ion chromatography for monitoring of trace elements in air particulate matter was studied in the present investigation. The results indicate that the use of microwave acid digestion method is superior in comparison with the conventional thermal acid digestion method as it leads to higher recovery, better reproducibility, lower volatility loss, better protection against environmental contamination and much less digestion time (5 minutes vs. 24 hours). The use of eluent as extractant is shown to reduce the water dip problem in the chro-matogram. The addition of chelating agent in the eluent coupled with UV detection is shown to provide satisfactory chromatographic separation and good sensitivity for the analysis of transition metals present in the air particulate matter. Using the U.S. National Bureau of Standards Reference Material 1648 Urban Particulate Matter as standard for checking, the analytical procedure is shown to give good recovery and reproducibility for the detection of the following cations and anions in air particulate matter: Fe2 Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn, Mg, Na, HN4+, Cl-, NO3- and SO42-. Field test was also performed to check the applicability of the method and the results obtained were discussed in the present paper. 展开更多
关键词 non-suppressed ion chromatography air particulate matter trace metals analysis anions analysis microwave digestion.
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Optimizing air purification for household particulate matters using sensor-based and time-based intervention strategies
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作者 Meng Wang Tianjun Lu Yang Li 《Particuology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第8期78-84,共7页
Filtration efficiency of portable air cleaner(PAC)is affected by resident perceptions and adherences to when and how to operate the PAC.Incorporating PAC with smart control and sensor technology holds the promise to e... Filtration efficiency of portable air cleaner(PAC)is affected by resident perceptions and adherences to when and how to operate the PAC.Incorporating PAC with smart control and sensor technology holds the promise to effectively reduce indoor air pollutants.This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of a PAC at removing indoor fine particulate matters(PM_(2.5))exposure under two automated operation settings:(1)a time-based mode in which the operation time is determined based on perceived time periods of indoor pollution by residents;(2)a sensor-based mode in which an air sensor monitor is used to determine the PAC based on the actual PM_(2.5) level against the indoor air quality guideline.The study was conducted in a residential room for 55 days with a rolling setting on PAC(no filtration,sensor-based,time-based fil-trations)and a continuous measurement of PM_(2.5).We found that the PAC operated with sensor-based mode removed PM_(2.5) concentrations by 47%and prolonged clean air(<35 μg/m^(3))period by 23%compared to the purifications with time-based mode which reduced PM_(2.5) by 29%and increased clean air period by 13%.The sensor-based filtration identified indoor pollution episodes that are hardly detected by personal perceptions.Our study findings support an automated sensor-based approach to optimize the use of PAC for effectively reducing indoor PM_(2.5) exposure. 展开更多
关键词 Aircleaner particulate matter Sensor-based filtration Time-based filtration Indoor pollution
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Multi-Pollutant Formation and Control in Pressurized Oxy-Combustion:SO_(x),NO_(x),Particulate Matter,and Mercury
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作者 Gaofeng Dai Jiaye Zhang +9 位作者 Zia ur Rahman Yufeng Zhang Yili Zhang Milan Vujanović Hrvoje Mikulčić Nebojsa Manic Aneta Magdziarz Houzhang Tan Richard L.Axelbaum Xuebin Wang 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第8期127-153,共27页
Oxy-combustion is a promising carbon-capture technology,but atmospheric-pressure oxy-combustion has a relatively low net efficiency,limiting its application in power plants.In pressurized oxycombustion(POC),the boiler... Oxy-combustion is a promising carbon-capture technology,but atmospheric-pressure oxy-combustion has a relatively low net efficiency,limiting its application in power plants.In pressurized oxycombustion(POC),the boiler,air separation unit,flue gas recirculation unit,and CO_(2)purification and compression unit are all operated at elevated pressure;this makes the process more efficient,with many advantages over atmospheric pressure,such as low NO_(x)emissions,a smaller boiler size,and more.POC is also more promising for industrial application and has attracted widespread research interest in recent years.It can produce high-pressure CO_(2)with a purity of approximately 95%,which can be used directly for enhanced oil recovery or geo-sequestration.However,the pollutant emissions must meet the standards for carbon capture,storage,and utilization.Because of the high oxygen and moisture concentrations in POC,the formation of acids via the oxidation and solution of SO_(x)and NO_(x)can be increased,causing the corrosion of pipelines and equipment.Furthermore,particulate matter(PM)and mercury emissions can harm the environment and human health.The main distinction between pressurized and atmospheric-pressure oxy-combustion is the former’s elevated pressure;thus,the effect of this pressure on the pollutants emitted from POC—including SO_(x),NO_(x),PM,and mercury—must be understood,and effective control methodologies must be incorporated to control the formation of these pollutants.This paper reviews recent advances in research on SO_(x),NO_(x),PM,and mercury formation and control in POC systems that can aid in pollutant control in such systems. 展开更多
关键词 Pressurized oxy-combustion Sulfur oxides Nitrogen oxides particulate matter MERCURY Direct contact cooler Carbon capture and sequestration
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Changes on Stroke Burden Attributable to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter in China
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作者 Jingyu Wang Yan Wang +5 位作者 Xiaohua Liang Keyong Huang Fangchao Liu Shufeng Chen Xiangfeng Lu Jianxin Li 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第8期823-833,共11页
Objective In recent decades,China has implemented a series of policies to address air pollution.We aimed to assess the health effects of these policies on stroke burden attributable to ambient fine particulate matter(... Objective In recent decades,China has implemented a series of policies to address air pollution.We aimed to assess the health effects of these policies on stroke burden attributable to ambient fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)).Methods Joinpoint regression was applied to explore the temporal tendency of stroke burden based on data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study.Results The age-standardized rates of disability-adjusted life year(DALY)for stroke attributable to ambient PM2.5 in China,increased dramatically during 1990-2012,subsequently decreased at an annual percentage change(APC)of-1.98[95% confidence interval(CI):-2.26,-1.71]during 2012-2019.For ischemic stroke(IS),the age-standardized DALY rates doubled from 1990 to 2014,and decreased at an APC of-0.83(95%CI:-1.33,-0.33)during 2014-2019.Intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)showed a substantial increase in age-standardized DALY rates from 1990 to 2003,followed by declining trends,with APCs of-1.46(95%CI:-2.74,-0.16)during 2003-2007 and-3.33(95%CI:-3.61,-3.06)during 2011-2019,respectively.Conversely,the age-standardized DALY rates for subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)generally declined during 1990-2019.Conclusion Our results clarified the dynamic changes of the ambient PM_(2.5)-attributable stroke burden in China during 1990-2019,highlighting the health effects of air quality improvement policies. 展开更多
关键词 Ambient fine particulate matter STROKE Disease burden Temporal trend POLICY
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Ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract attenuates particulate matter-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in keratinocytes and zebrafish
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作者 Wook Chul Kim Ji-Won Park +3 位作者 Bohyun Yun WonWoo Lee Kyung-Min Choi Seung-Hong Lee 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》 SCIE CAS 2024年第4期137-146,共10页
Objective:To evaluate the effect of the ethyl acetate fraction derived from Sargassum pallidum extract against particulate matter(PM)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in HaCaT cells and zebrafish.Methods:HaCa... Objective:To evaluate the effect of the ethyl acetate fraction derived from Sargassum pallidum extract against particulate matter(PM)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in HaCaT cells and zebrafish.Methods:HaCaT cells and zebrafish were used to evaluate the protective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract against PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation.The production of nitric oxide(NO),intracellular ROS,prostaglandin E_(2)(PGE_(2)),and pro-inflammatory cytokines,and the expression levels of COX-2,iNOS,and NF-κB were evaluated in PM-induced HaCaT cells.Furthermore,the levels of ROS,NO,and lipid peroxidation were assessed in the PM-exposed zebrafish model.Results:The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract significantly decreased the production of NO,intracellular ROS,and PGE_(2) in PM-induced HaCaT cells.In addition,the fraction markedly suppressed the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited the expression levels of COX-2,iNOS,and NF-κB.Furthermore,it displayed remarkable protective effects against PM-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress,represented by the reduction of NO,ROS,and lipid peroxidation in zebrafish.Conclusions:The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract exhibits a protective effect against PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation both in vitro and in vivo and has the potential as a candidate for the development of pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical products. 展开更多
关键词 particulate matter INFLAMMATION Oxidative stress Sargassum pallidum Ethyl acetate fraction ZEBRAFISH
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Characteristics and fate behavior of environmentally persistent free radicals in atmospheric particulate matter
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作者 WANG Xueying CUI Long +2 位作者 XUE Yonggang HO Kinfai HUANG Yu 《地球环境学报》 CSCD 2024年第4期596-611,共16页
Background,aim,and scope Environmentally persistent free radicals(EPFRs)have received significant attention due to their longer lifetime and stable existence in various environments.The strong environmental migration ... Background,aim,and scope Environmentally persistent free radicals(EPFRs)have received significant attention due to their longer lifetime and stable existence in various environments.The strong environmental migration ability of particulate matter allows EPFRs to migrate over long-distance transport,thereby impacting the quality of the local atmospheric environment.Additionally,EPFRs can also adhere to atmospheric particles and interact with typical gaseous pollutants to affect atmospheric chemical reactions.EPFRs can produce some reactive organic species,promoting oxidative stress in the human body,damaging biological macromolecules and ultimately affecting the organism health.EPFRs are considered as a novel type of pollutant that affects human health.Despite their significance,there are few literatures available on the characteristics and fate behaviors of EPFRs up to date.Therefore,supplemental reviews are crucial for providing comprehensive understanding of EPFRs.Materials and methods This review summarizes the characteristics of EPFRs in particulate matter,outlines the generation mechanism and influencing factors of EPFRs,and the impacts of EPFRs on environmental quality and organism health.Results The content of EPFRs in particulate matter ranges from 1017 to 1020 spins∙g−1.Due to the strong mobility of atmospheric particulate matter,the long-term exposure to high levels of EPFRs may aggravate the impact of particulate matter on human health.The interaction between EPFRs and typical gaseous pollutants can alter their fate and influence atmospheric chemical reactions.EPFRs are mainly produced by transition metal elements and substituted aromatic hydrocarbons through electron transfer.Additionally,the chemical bond rupture of organic substances through heat treatment or ultraviolet radiation can also produce EPFRs,and heterogeneous reactions are capable producing them as well.The production of EPFRs is not only influenced by transition metal elements and precursors,but also by various environmental factors such as oxygen,temperature,light radiation,and relative humidity.Discussion EPFRs in atmospheric particulates matters are usually rich in fine particulates with obvious seasonal and regional variations.They can easily enter the human respiratory tract and lungs with inhalable particulates,thereby increasing the risk of exposure.Additionally,EPFRs in atmospheric particulates can interact with some typical gaseous pollutants,impacting the life and fate of EPFRs in the atmosphere,and alter atmospheric chemical reactions.Traditionally,EPFRs are generated by transition metal elements and substituted aromatic hydrocarbons undergoing electron transfer in the post-flame and cool-zone regions of combustion systems and other thermal processes to remove HCl,H2O or CO groups,ultimately produce semiquinones,phenoxyls,and cyclopentadienyls.Recent studies have indicated that EPFRs can also be generated under the conditions of without transition metal elemental.Organics can also produce EPFRs through chemical bond rupture during heat treatment or light radiation conditions,as well as through some heterogeneous reactions and photochemical secondary generation of EPFRs.The presence or absence of oxygen has different effects on the type and yield of EPFRs.The concentration,type,and crystal type of transition metal elements will affect the type,content,and atmospheric lifetime of EPFRs.It is generally believed that the impact of transition metal element types on EPFRs is related to the oxidation-reduction potential.The combustion temperature or heat treatment process significantly affects the type and amount of EPFRs.Factors such as precursor loading content,pH conditions,light radiation and relative humidity also influence the generation of EPFRs.EPFRs can interact with pollutants in the environment during their migration and transformation process in environmental medium.This process accelerates the degradation of pollutants and plays a crucial role in the migration and transformation of organic pollutants in environmental media.The reaction process of EPFRs may lead to the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)such as∙OH,which can induce oxidative stress,inflammation and immune response to biological lung cells and tissues,leading to chronic respiratory and cardiopulmonary dysfunction,cardiovascular damage and neurotoxic effects,ultimately impacting the health of organisms.Conclusions The interaction mechanism between EPFRs in particulate matter and gaseous pollutants remains unclear.Furthermore,research on the generation mechanism of EPFRs without the participation of transition metals is not comprehensive,and the detection of EPFRs is limited to simple qualitative categories and lack accurate qualitative analysis.Recommendations and perspectives Further research should be conducted on the generation mechanism,measurement techniques,migration pathways,and transformation process of EPFRs.It is also important to explore the interaction between EPFRs in atmospheric particulate matter and typical gaseous pollutants. 展开更多
关键词 particulate matter(PM) environmentally persistent free radicals(EPFRs) formation mechanism influencing factors
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Modeling and Characterization of Fine Particulate Matter Dynamics in Bujumbura Using Low-Cost Sensors
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作者 Egide Ndamuzi Rachel Akimana +1 位作者 Paterne Gahungu Elie Bimenyimana 《Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics》 2024年第1期256-267,共12页
Air pollution is a result of multiple sources including both natural and anthropogenic activities. The rapid urbanization of the cities such as Bujumbura, economic capital of Burundi, is one of these factors. The very... Air pollution is a result of multiple sources including both natural and anthropogenic activities. The rapid urbanization of the cities such as Bujumbura, economic capital of Burundi, is one of these factors. The very first characterization of the spatio-temporal variability of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in Bujumbura and the forecasting of PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration have been conducted in this paper using data collected during a year, from August 2022 to August 2023, by low-cost sensors installed in Bujumbura city. For each commune, an hourly, daily and seasonal analysis was carried out and the results showed that the mass concentrations of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in the three municipalities differ from one commune to another. The average hourly and annual PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations exceed the World Health Organization standards. The range is between 28.3 and 35.0 μg/m<sup>3</sup>. In order to make a prediction of PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration, an investigation of Recurrent Neural Networks with Long Short-Term Memory has been undertaken. 展开更多
关键词 particulate Matter Recurrent Neural Networks CALIBRATION
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Distribution of heavy metals in the water column,suspended particulate matters and the sediment under hydrodynamic conditions using an annular flume 被引量:12
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作者 Jianzhi Huang Xiaopeng Ge Dongsheng Wang 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2012年第12期2051-2059,共9页
Sediment resuspension plays an important role in the transport and fate of heavy metals in the aquatic environment. In the present study, the release and binding forms of Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb under hydrodynamic conditions w... Sediment resuspension plays an important role in the transport and fate of heavy metals in the aquatic environment. In the present study, the release and binding forms of Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb under hydrodynamic conditions were investigated using an annular flume. Two sediments located at YLZ and GBD from Liangshui River, Beijing were resuspended for 10 hr at 0.159 and 0.267 m/see, respectively. The concentrations of suspended particulate matters of YLZ were higher than those of GBD during resuspension, indicating that the former sediment is more sensitive to the velocity. Cr in the dissolved phase stayed nearly constant at about 2.25 and 1.84 I^g/L for YLZ and GBD, respectively, due to the high percentage of its stable binding fractions in both sediments, while Cu, Zn, and Pb showed a fast release in the initial period of time. However, their concentrations in SPM generally decreased with time and were higher at the lower velocity of 0.159 m/see, which resulted from the entrainment and depressing effect of larger size particles with lower heavy metal content, commonly referred to as the "particle concentration effect". In addition, the binding form and heavy metal fractions were also found to vary during the resuspension event. A decrease in the sulphide/organic matters bounded form in GBD sediment was observed, whereas no visible changes were perceived in YLZ site samples. This phenomenon is due to the oxidation of heavy metal-sulphide binding forms, which originated from its high acid volatile sulphide content in GBD sediment. 展开更多
关键词 heavy metals sediment resuspension suspended particulate matters annular flume
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Transport of airborne particulate matters originating from Mentougou, Beijing, China 被引量:2
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作者 Duoxing Yang Yongwei Han +1 位作者 Jixi Gao Jesse Thé 《China Particuology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2007年第6期408-413,共6页
In this study, a coupled regional air quality modeling system is applied to investigate the time spatial variations in airborne particulate matters (PM10), originating from Mentougou to Beijing municipal area in the... In this study, a coupled regional air quality modeling system is applied to investigate the time spatial variations in airborne particulate matters (PM10), originating from Mentougou to Beijing municipal area in the period of April 1-7, 2004, and the influences of complex terrain and meteorological conditions upon boundary layer structure and PM10 concentration distributions. An intercomparison of the performance with CALPUFF against the observed data is presented and an examination of scatter plots is provided. The statistics show that the correlation coefficient and STD between the modeled and observed data are 0.86 and 0.03, respectively. Analysis of model results illustrates that the pollutants emitted from Mentougou can be transported to Beijing municipal area along certain transport pathways, and PM10 concentration distributions show heterogeneity characteristics. Contributions of the Mentougou sources to the PM10 concentrations in Beijing municipal area are up to 0.1-15 μg/m^3. 展开更多
关键词 Airborne particulate matters CALPUFF PM10 SMOKE Emission inventory
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Distribution and chemical speciation of arsenic in different sized atmospheric particulate matters 被引量:2
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作者 Jin Xie Xiao-Dong Niu +5 位作者 Jiao-Jiao Xie Kai-Qiang He Meng-Dan Shi Su-Juan Yu Chun-Gang Yuan Jing-Fu Liu 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第10期1-7,共7页
The distribution and chemical speciation of arsenic(As)in different sized atmospheric particulate matters(PMs),including total suspended particles(TSP),PM_(10),and PM_(2.5),collected from Baoding,China were analyzed.T... The distribution and chemical speciation of arsenic(As)in different sized atmospheric particulate matters(PMs),including total suspended particles(TSP),PM_(10),and PM_(2.5),collected from Baoding,China were analyzed.The average total mass concentrations of As in TSP,PM_(10),and PM_(2.5)were 31.5,35.3,and 54.1μg/g,respectively,with an order of PM_(2.5)>PM_(10)>TSP,revealing that As is prone to accumulate on fine particles.Due to the divergent toxicities of different As species,speciation analysis of As in PMs is further conducted.Most of previous studies mainly focused on inorganic arsenite(iAs^(Ⅲ)),inorganic arsenate(iAs^(Ⅴ)),monomethylarsonate(MMA),and dimethylarsinate(DMA)in PMs,while the identification and sensitive quantification of trimethylarsine oxide(TMAO)were rarely reported.In this study,a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry system was optimized for As speciation including TMAO in PMs.An anion exchange column was used to separate MMA,DMA and iAs^(Ⅴ),while a cation exchange column to separate TMAO and iAs^(Ⅲ).Results showed that iAs^(Ⅴ) was the dominate component in all the samples,corresponding to a portion of 79.2%±9.3%of the total extractable species,while iAs^(Ⅲ),TMAO and DMA made up the remaining 21%.Our study demonstrated that iAs^(Ⅲ) accounted for about 14.4%±11.4%of the total extracted species,with an average concentration of 1.7±1.6 ng/m^(3).It is worth noting that TMAO was widely present in the samples(84 out of 97 samples),which supported the assumption that TMAO was ubiquitous in atmospheric particles. 展开更多
关键词 ARSENIC particulate matters SPECIATION Size distribution
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Mass spectral chemical fingerprints reveal the molecular dependence of exhaust particulate matters on engine speeds
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作者 Yi Li Hua Zhang +5 位作者 Zongshan Zhao Yong Tian Kun Liu Feifan Jie Liang Zhu Huanwen Chen 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2018年第5期287-293,共7页
Particulate matters(PMs) emitted by automobile exhaust contribute to a significant fraction of the global PMs. Extractive atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry(EAPCI-MS) was developed to explo... Particulate matters(PMs) emitted by automobile exhaust contribute to a significant fraction of the global PMs. Extractive atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry(EAPCI-MS) was developed to explore the molecular dependence of PMs collected from exhaust gases produced at different vehicle engine speeds. The mass spectral fingerprints of the organic compounds embedded in differentially sized PMs(e.g., 0.22–0.45, 0.45–1.00, 1.00–2.00, 2.00–3.00, 3.00–5.00, and 5.00–10.00 μm) generated at different engine speeds(e.g., 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 r/min) were chemically profiled in the mass range of mass to charge ratio(m/z) 50–800. Organic compounds,including alcohols, aldehydes, and esters, were detected in all the PMs tested, with varied concentration levels for each individual PM sample. At relatively low engine speeds(≤ 1500 r/min), the total amount of organic species embedded in PMs of 0.22–1.00 μm was greater than in PMs of other sizes, while more organic species were found in PMs of5.00–10.00 μm at high engine speeds(≥ 3000 r/min), indicating that the organic compounds distributed in different sizes of PMs strongly correlated with the engine speed. The experimental data showed that the EAPCI-MS technique enables molecular characterization of PMs in exhaust, revealing the chemical dependence of PMs on the engine speeds(i.e., the combustion conditions) of automobiles. 展开更多
关键词 Exhaust particulate matters Engine speeds Mass spectral Chemical fingerprints
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Pollution characteristics of particulate matters emitted from outdoor barbecue cooking in urban Jinan in eastern China
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作者 Yifei Song Lei Sun +6 位作者 Xinfeng Wang Yating Zhang Hui Wang Rui Li Likun Xue Jianmin Chen Wenxing Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2018年第2期139-146,共8页
To understand the pollution characteristics of particulate matter emitted from outdoor barbecue conking in eastern China, measurements of the PM2.5 mass concentration, the number concentration of particles with a diam... To understand the pollution characteristics of particulate matter emitted from outdoor barbecue conking in eastern China, measurements of the PM2.5 mass concentration, the number concentration of particles with a diameter of 0.01 to 1.0 pm, and the particle size distribution from 0.3 to 25 μm were carried out at seven barbecue restaurants in urban Jinan. The average PM2.5 mass concentration and sub-micron particle number concentrations at a distance of 1 m from the grills were 250 to 1083μtg/m-3 and 0.90 × 105 to 2.23 × 105 cm 3 respectively, which were much higher than those in the ambient air of the urban area. Compared to the ambient atmosphere, barbecue cooking emitted very high levels of particles with a larger increase in the concentrations of super-micron particles than that of sub-micron particles. The super-micron particle number concentrations at the barbecue restaurants were 10 to I O0 times higher than those observed in the ambient urban atmosphere. The barbecue smoke had a significant effect on the particle concentrations in the surrctindng region.. Both mass and number concentrations of particles exhibited maximum values immediately-near the barbecue grills and often reached a peak at a distance of 10 to 15 m. The removal efficiency of a range hood for the cooking particles was tested in an indoor kitchen. The range hood effectively cleaned the particulate matter pollution caused by cooking with a removal efficiency larger than 80%, Therefore, the use of a range hood is recommended for outdoor barbecue restaurants coupled with a smoke purifier to clean the emitted high concentrations of particles. 展开更多
关键词 Barbecue smoke particulate matters Pollution characteristicsEmissionsRemoval
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Human Health Risks from Exposure to Heavy Metals of Suspended Particulate Matter around the Tongon Gold Mine, Côte d’Ivoire
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作者 Kagbagnan Kone Adjoumani Rodrigue Kouakou +4 位作者 Julien Bahino Horo Kone Kouakou Eric Adou Ehouman Ahissan Donatien Kopoin Adouby 《Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment》 CAS 2023年第2期171-187,共17页
The Tongon mine, the largest gold mine in C?te d’Ivoire, has been in operation since April 2010. However, to our knowledge to date, no study has been conducted on metallic contamination in suspended particulate matte... The Tongon mine, the largest gold mine in C?te d’Ivoire, has been in operation since April 2010. However, to our knowledge to date, no study has been conducted on metallic contamination in suspended particulate matter (PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub>) where there is a lack of information on the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk to human health associated with the exposure of populations in the Tongon area to these pollutants. The general objective of this study is to evaluate the level of contamination of PM<sub>10</sub>;PM<sub>2.5</sub> by heavy metals and their impact on the health of populations exposed to these pollutants in the Tongon gold mine area. The sampling and measurement of suspended particulate matter (PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub>) were done using a MiniVol TAS passive air sampler. Heavy metal concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (Nex ION 2000 ICP-MS, USA). The results indicate that the average concentrations of suspended particles (PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>) obtained are all above the recommended exposure limits. In addition, among the heavy metals contained in the suspended particles, the concentrations of arsenic and nickel are high and all above the standard limit values. The assessment of the health risks related to the inhalation of PM<sub>10</sub> particles reveals that their inhalation over a long period could cause a carcinogenic risk. 展开更多
关键词 particulate matters (PM10 and PM2.5) West Africa Tongon Heavy Metals INHALATION Carcinogenic Risk Metallic Contamination
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Source profiles of particulate organic matters emitted from cereal straw burnings 被引量:89
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作者 ZHANG Yuan-xun SHAO Min +5 位作者 ZHANG Yuan-hang ZENG Li-min HE Ling-yan ZHU Bin WEI Yong-jie ZHU Xian-lei 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2007年第2期167-175,共9页
Cereal straw is one of the most abundant biomass burned in China but its contribution to fine particulates is not adequately understood. In this study, three main kinds of cereal straws were collected from five grain ... Cereal straw is one of the most abundant biomass burned in China but its contribution to fine particulates is not adequately understood. In this study, three main kinds of cereal straws were collected from five grain producing areas in China. Fine particulate matters (PMzs) from the cereal straws subjected to control burnings, both under smoldering and flaming status, were sampled by using a custom made dilution chamber and sampling system in the laboratory. Element carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) was analyzed. 141 compounds of organic matters were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrum (GC-MS). Source profiles of particulate organic matters emitted from cereal straw burnings were obtained. The results indicated that organic matters contribute a large fraction in fine particulate matters. Levoglucosan had the highest contributions with averagely 4.5% in mass of fine particulates and can be considered as the tracer of biomass burnings. Methyloxylated phenols from lignin degradation also had high concentrations in PM2.5, and contained approximately equal amounts of guaiacyl and syringyl compounds. 13-Sitostrol also made up relatively a large fraction of PMz5 compared with the other sterols (0.18%-0.63% of the total fine particle mass). Normal alkanes, PAHs, fatty acids, as well as normal alkanols had relatively lower concentrations compared with the compounds mentioned above. Carbon preference index (CPI) of normal alkanes and alkanoic acids showed characteristics of biogenic fuel burnings. Burning status significantly influenced the formations of EC and PAHs. The differences between the emission profiles of straw and wood combustions were displayed by the fingerprint compounds, which may be used to identify the contributions between wood and straw burnings in source apportionment researches. 展开更多
关键词 biomass burning cereal straw particulate organic matter source profile
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Particulate matters collected from ceramic factories in Lampang Province affecting rat lungs 被引量:1
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作者 Duriya FONGMOON Surathat PONGNIKORN +1 位作者 Aphiruk CHAISENA Sitthichai IAMSAARD 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第1期75-83,共9页
Background: Lung cancer ranks as the fifth largest of all cancer cases in Thailand. However, it is the first leading cancer in the northern part of Thailand (data from 2003-2007). There are several predisposing cau... Background: Lung cancer ranks as the fifth largest of all cancer cases in Thailand. However, it is the first leading cancer in the northern part of Thailand (data from 2003-2007). There are several predisposing causes that lead to lung cancer and one important inducement is particulate matters (PMs). Lampang Province in Thailand is famous for the ceramic industry, where there are over 200 ceramic industrial factories. PMs are produced during the ceramic manufacturing process and spread throughout all of the working areas. It is very possible that workers could directly inhale PM-contaminated air during working hours. Objective: This study focuses on the toxic effects of PMs collected from ceramic factories on genes and lungs of rats. Methods: PMs collected from six ceramic factories in Lampang Province were extracted using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The inductively coupled plasma mass spec- trometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) were used to analyze the chemical elements at lower and higher concentrations, respectively. Then, the toxicity of PMs on the genes was ex- amined by the Ames test, and subsequently, the effect of PMs on DNA was examined by quantifying the amount of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Finally, the toxicity of the PMs on rat's lungs was examined by histology. Results: As chemical elements of lower concentrations, cadmium, chromium, nickel, copper, and lead were detected by ICP-MS. As chemical elements of higher concentrations, manganese, magnesium, zinc, iron, potassium, calcium, and sodium were detected by ICP-OES. No mutagenicity in Salmone/la typhimurium was found in the PM extracts from all six factories by utilizing the Ames test. In the histological study, the reduction in spaces of alveolar ducts and sacs, and terminal bronchioles, the thickening of interstitial connective tissues were noted by PM extracts in high amounts (100 and 350 pg). Female rats were more sensitive to PM extracts than males in terms of their pulmonary damages. Conclusions: PMs were not mutagenic to S. typhimurium but can damage the lung tissue of rats. 展开更多
关键词 particulate matter (PM) Ceramic factory Lampang Province Rat lung
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Quantifying the characteristics of particulate matters captured by urban plants using an automatic approach 被引量:3
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作者 Jingli Yan Lin Lin +2 位作者 Weiqi Zhou Lijian Han Keming Ma 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第1期259-267,共9页
It is widely accepted that urban plant leaves can capture airborne particles. Previous studies on the particle capture capacity of plant leaves have mostly focused on particle mass and/or size distribution. Fewer stud... It is widely accepted that urban plant leaves can capture airborne particles. Previous studies on the particle capture capacity of plant leaves have mostly focused on particle mass and/or size distribution. Fewer studies, however, have examined the particle density, and the size and shape characteristics of particles, which may have important implications for evaluating the particle capture efficiency of plants, and identifying the particle sources. In addition, the role of different vegetation types is as yet unclear. Here, we chose three species of different vegetation types, and firstly applied an object-based classification approach to automatically identify the particles from scanning electron microscope(SEM)micrographs. We then quantified the particle capture efficiency, and the major sources of particles were identified. We found(1) Rosa xanthina Lindl(shrub species) had greater retention efficiency than Broussonetia papyrifera(broadleaf species) and Pinus bungeana Zucc.(coniferous species), in terms of particle number and particle area cover.(2) 97.9% of the identified particles had diameter ≤10 μm, and 67.1% of them had diameter ≤2.5 μm. 89.8% of the particles had smooth boundaries, with 23.4% of them being nearly spherical.(3) 32.4%–74.1% of the particles were generated from bare soil and construction activities, and 15.5%–23.0% were mainly from vehicle exhaust and cooking fumes. 展开更多
关键词 particulate matter retention Urban vegetation Object-based classification Size and shape characteristics Source identification
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Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Blood Pressure:Evidence from a Large Chinese Multiple Follow-Up Study 被引量:1
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作者 JIANGTULU Bahabaike LAN Chang Xin +3 位作者 CHEN Jun Xi CHEN Xi WANG Bin XUE Tao 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第1期38-49,共12页
Objective This study aimed to investigate the association of ambient PM_(2.5)exposure with blood pressure(BP)at the population level in China.Methods A total of 14,080 participants who had at least two valid blood pre... Objective This study aimed to investigate the association of ambient PM_(2.5)exposure with blood pressure(BP)at the population level in China.Methods A total of 14,080 participants who had at least two valid blood pressure records were selected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey during 2011–2015.Their long-term PM_(2.5)exposure was assessed at the geographical level,on the basis of a regular 0.1°×0.1°grid over China.A mixed-effects regression model was used to assess associations.Results Each decrease of 10μg/m^(3)in the 1 year-mean PM_(2.5)concentration(FPM1Y)was associated with a decrease of 1.24[95%confidence interval(CI):0.84–1.64]mmHg systolic BP(SBP)and 0.50(95%CI:0.25–0.75)mmHg diastolic BP(DBP),respectively.A robust association was observed between the long-term decrease in PM_(2.5)and decreased BP in the middle-aged and older population.Using a generalized additive mixed model,we further found that SBP increased nonlinearly overall with FPM1Y but in an approximately linear range when the FPM1Y concentration was<70μg/m^(3);In contrast,DBP increased approximately linearly without a clear threshold.Conclusion Efficient control of PM_(2.5)air pollution may promote vascular health in China.Our study provides robust scientific support for making the related air pollution control policies. 展开更多
关键词 Fine particulate matter PM_(2.5) Blood pressure Risk assessment Preventive medicine
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