Determining Potential Passive Islanding Detection Indicators for Single-point Single Inverter,Single-point Multi-inverter and Multi-point Multi-inverter Scenarios

Distributed Generation(DG)sources,predominantly renewable energy-based,such as solar photovoltaic and wind energy sources,have significantly penetrated into power system networks.This high penetration of DG sources may lead to the formation of unintentional islands,which is hazardous to both the equipment and personnel,if sustained.In this paper,46 passive parameters are considered to find out which candidate(s)are promising for detecting sustained unintentional islands and avoid false DG trips.These 46 parameters are derived from point of common coupling(PCC)voltage,DG output current,frequency,power factor angle,active and reactive powers.All these parameters are tested on standard IEEE 13 and 34 bus distribution networks,integrated with inverter-interfaced DGs at different locations for different penetration levels in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.The parameters are tested for different islanding events(comprising of various local loads,such as conventional parallel RLC resonant load,R,RC,and RL loads)and for different non-islanding events.The parameters are then ranked accordingly by a suitable averaging approach based performance ranking technique.From this analysis,the best candidates are obtained for detecting inverter DG islands at single-point(or single PCC)locations and multi-point(or multiple PCCs)locations.Multiple best passive candidates are obtained for different island scenarios from which a set of promising islanding detection indicators are proposed.