Numerous researchers and institutions have been developing in ovo sexing technologies to improve animal welfare by identifying male embryos in an early embryonic stage and disposing of them before pain perception.This...Numerous researchers and institutions have been developing in ovo sexing technologies to improve animal welfare by identifying male embryos in an early embryonic stage and disposing of them before pain perception.This review gives a complete overview of the technological approaches reported in papers and patents by performing a thorough search using Web of Science and Patstat/Espacenet databases for papers and patents,respectively.Based on a total of 49 papers and 115 patent families reported until May 2023 worldwide,11 technology categories were defined:6 non-optical and 5 optical techniques.Every category was described for its characteristics while assessing its potential for application.Next,the dynamics of the publications of in ovo sexing techniques in both paper and patent fields were described through growth curves,and the interest or actual status was visualized using the number of paper citations and the actual legal status of the patents.When comparing the reported technologies in papers to those in patents,scientific gaps were observed,as some of the patented technologies were not reported in the scientific literature,e.g.,ion mobility and mass spectrometry approaches.Generally,more diverse approaches in all categories were found in patents,although they do require more scientific evidence through papers or industrial adoption to prove their robustness.Moreover,although there is a recent trend for non-invasive techniques,invasive methods like analyzing DNA through PCR or hormones through immunosensing are still being reported(and might continue to be)in papers and patents.It was also observed that none of the technologies complies with all the industry requirements,although 5 companies already entered the market.On the one hand,more research and harmony between consumers,industry,and governments is necessary.On the other hand,close monitoring of the market performance of the currently available techniques will offer valuable insights into the potential and expectations of in ovo sexing techniques in the poultry industry.展开更多
Phosphatidylserine(PS)is the part of cell structure in the body and has many beneficial functions especially in brain-related aging diseases.Although daily foods can provide PS to human body,the amount is very limited...Phosphatidylserine(PS)is the part of cell structure in the body and has many beneficial functions especially in brain-related aging diseases.Although daily foods can provide PS to human body,the amount is very limited due to its poverty in most foods.To overcome the issue,numerous studies based on PS have been reported to develop PS-related supplements.In this review,PS was comprehensively and critically reviewed from the view of resources,functions,processing techniques,patents,and prospects.For resources,animal,plant,and microorganism origins were all covered with their differences in composition profiles.For functions,benefits regarding memory,cognitive enhancement,exercise performance,reducing Alzheimer’s disease,and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms were covered as well as the functional differences among animal-,plant-,and microorganism-based PS-related supplements.For processing techniques,traditional extracting methods from animal,plant,and microorganism tissues were comparatively discussed with enzymatic synthesis based on different reaction systems.Finally,patents of PS-related supplements were evaluated as well as their applications.This review could provide scientific and valuable support for PS industry.展开更多
Purpose: In this contribution we try to find new indicators to measure characteristics of a finn's patents and their influence on a company's profits. Design/methodology/approach: We realize that patentevaluation ...Purpose: In this contribution we try to find new indicators to measure characteristics of a finn's patents and their influence on a company's profits. Design/methodology/approach: We realize that patentevaluation and influence on a company's profits is a complicated issue requiring different perspectives. For this reason we design two types of structural h-indices, derived from the International Patent Classification (IPC). In a case study we apply not only basic statistics but also a nested case-control methodology. Findings: The resulting indicator values based on a large dataset (19,080 patents in total) from the pharmaceutical industry show that the new structural indices are significantly correlated with a firm's profits. Research limitations: The new structural index and the synthetic structural index have just been applied in one case study in the pharmaceutical industry. Practical implications: Our study suggests useful implications for patentometric studies and leads to suggestions for different sized firms to include a healthy research and development (R&D) policy management. The structural h-index can be used to gauge the profits resulting from the innovative performance of a firm's patent portfolio. Originality/value: Traditionally, the breadth and depth of patents of a firm and their citations are considered separately. This approach, however, does not provide an integrated insight in the major characteristics of a firm's patents. The Sh(Y) index, proposed in our investigation, can reflect a firm's innovation activities, its technological breadth, and its influence in an integrated way.展开更多
The present invention is related to a device for measuring fluidrty of molten metal,wherein the device comprises a runway for molten metal,and at least one surface of the runway comprises refractory fiber.Refractory f...The present invention is related to a device for measuring fluidrty of molten metal,wherein the device comprises a runway for molten metal,and at least one surface of the runway comprises refractory fiber.Refractory fiber has lower heat conductivity than sand thereby it is possible to achieve more accurate measurements since the molten metal wll be allow to flow a longer distance before solidrfying in a runway.展开更多
2019-01.Methods for forming components using a jacketed mold pattern Patent No.:US2018036792(A1)Date of Patent:2016-08-03 Inventor(s):James Albert Tallman Assignee:General Electric Company[US]A method of forming a com...2019-01.Methods for forming components using a jacketed mold pattern Patent No.:US2018036792(A1)Date of Patent:2016-08-03 Inventor(s):James Albert Tallman Assignee:General Electric Company[US]A method of forming a component includes coupling a jacket around at least a portion of a precursor component to form a jacketed precursor component.展开更多
2015-36.Binder based on polyurethane for producing cores and moulds using isocyanates containing a urethonimine and/or carbodiimide group Patent No.:KR20140001955(A)Date of Patent:2014-01-07Inventors:Cornelissen Carst...2015-36.Binder based on polyurethane for producing cores and moulds using isocyanates containing a urethonimine and/or carbodiimide group Patent No.:KR20140001955(A)Date of Patent:2014-01-07Inventors:Cornelissen Carsten,et al.Assignee:ASK Chemicals Gmbh[DE]The present invention relates to a polyurethane-based binder using isocyanates containing urethonimine and/or carbodiimide groups展开更多
2017-11.Semisolid casting and forging device and method,and cast and forged product Patemt No.:US2016228946(A1)Date of Patent:2014-10-09Inventors:Masayuki Itanura,et alAssignee:Tohoku University JP The present inventi...2017-11.Semisolid casting and forging device and method,and cast and forged product Patemt No.:US2016228946(A1)Date of Patent:2014-10-09Inventors:Masayuki Itanura,et alAssignee:Tohoku University JP The present invention relates to a semisolid casting and forging apparatus and method as well as a cast and forged product.An excellent cast and forged product that is superior in mechanical properties展开更多
ZTE Corporation announced on February 12, 2010 that by late 2009 it had applied for more than 1,700 LTE/SAE patents. ZTE is focused on advancing the LTE market with strong innovation that will benefit both consumers a...ZTE Corporation announced on February 12, 2010 that by late 2009 it had applied for more than 1,700 LTE/SAE patents. ZTE is focused on advancing the LTE market with strong innovation that will benefit both consumers and operators with 4G experience and functionality.展开更多
The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent (H.K.) Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and pub...The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent (H.K.) Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and published in Hong Kong for distribution in China and abroad.The main contents carried by China Patents & Trademarks are:guidelines,policies,laws and regula-tions relevant to intellectual property,economy and trade in China;matters related to the practical展开更多
The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent (H.K.) Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and pub...The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent (H.K.) Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and published in Hong Kong for distribution in China and abroad.The main contents carried by China Patents & Trademarks are:guidelines,policies,laws and regula-tions relevant to intellectual property,economy and trade in China;matters related to the practical workof patent application,trademark registration and copyright protection in China;concrete examples展开更多
The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent(H.K.)Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and publi...The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent(H.K.)Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and published in Hong Kong for distribution in China and abroad.The main contents carried by China Patents & Trademarks are:guidelines,policies,laws and regula-tions relevant to intellectual property,economy and trade in China;matters related to the practical展开更多
The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publication sponsored by ChinaPatent Agent(H.K.)Ltd. The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and has been edited and pub...The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publication sponsored by ChinaPatent Agent(H.K.)Ltd. The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and has been edited and published in HongKong for distribution in China and abroad.展开更多
Subscription Rates Hong Kong and Macao (for 1 year): HK$340.00 Rest of the World (for 1 year): US$60.00 (Surface Mail) US$82.00 (Air Mail) Advertisement Rates Full Colour Inside Front Cover US$ 3,000 Inside Back Cover...Subscription Rates Hong Kong and Macao (for 1 year): HK$340.00 Rest of the World (for 1 year): US$60.00 (Surface Mail) US$82.00 (Air Mail) Advertisement Rates Full Colour Inside Front Cover US$ 3,000 Inside Back Cover US$ 2,700 Back Cover US$ 3,200 Full Page US$ 2,600 Black&White Full Page US$1,800 1/2 Page US$1,000 1/4 Page US$展开更多
By thoroughly reviewing international studies on technology convergence and divergence, four kinds of hypothesis are proposed based on patent data Herfindhal index (HI) measurement. The main fmding is that technolog...By thoroughly reviewing international studies on technology convergence and divergence, four kinds of hypothesis are proposed based on patent data Herfindhal index (HI) measurement. The main fmding is that technology convergence does exist, based on patent technology records in China, primarily driven by overseas companies' strategic behavior, such as field intensiveness, competition during technology maturity session, and patent technology growth.展开更多
The provision of musculoskeletal services comes at a cost.This is,in part,due to the expense of patent-protected orthopaedic implants.However,patents have a finite lifespan.Patents of the most successful implants are ...The provision of musculoskeletal services comes at a cost.This is,in part,due to the expense of patent-protected orthopaedic implants.However,patents have a finite lifespan.Patents of the most successful implants are now beginning to expire.They will be exposed to competition from generic but equivalent implants.The net effect is potentially a dramatic diminution in cost.One company,Orthimo,has taken advantage of this and begun manufacturing generic implants with identical design specifications to the most bio-durable hip prostheses.This will ultimately have a radical impact upon musculoskeletal healthcare provision with regard to cost and accessibility.The expiration of drug patents,with the subsequent use of generic drugs saves£7.1 billion annually in the United Kingdom and$254 billion in the USA.Estimates suggest the introduction of equivalent implants could result in an annual cost saving to the United Kingdom National Health Service of£120 million.Intellectual property remains an enigmatic area of law.It encompasses anodyne principles that seek to protect innovation but are open to manipulation and exploitation.The last decade has seen the emergence of undesirable practices in the medical industry such as"patent trolling".Here we explore patents and their repercussions for musculoskeletal care.展开更多
2020-33.Compositions and methods for improving casting quality and mold sand additives Patent No.:US201615752411 Date of Patent:2016-08-11 Inventor(s):Victor Lafay Assignee:Imerys Minerals USA Inc.[US]This disclosure ...2020-33.Compositions and methods for improving casting quality and mold sand additives Patent No.:US201615752411 Date of Patent:2016-08-11 Inventor(s):Victor Lafay Assignee:Imerys Minerals USA Inc.[US]This disclosure relates generally to the field of sand cast molding and to improvements in the founding of metals.展开更多
This paper mainly analyzes the application data of patents concerning Hevea brasiliensis in the world and China from the perspectives of time,research field,and the geographical distribution of applicants. It also int...This paper mainly analyzes the application data of patents concerning Hevea brasiliensis in the world and China from the perspectives of time,research field,and the geographical distribution of applicants. It also interprets the patents for invention in China from time,research field,and types of applicants. Based on the study,it shows that although the patent applications fluctuate,the general trend is rising. And the patents are mostly concentrated in plant protection,and agricultural biotechnology. The Chinese applicants of patents for invention largely work in the research institutes,and most of these patents focus on the field of plant protection,agricultural biotechnology,and agro-processing.However,the foreign applicants mainly work in companies,and most of these patents only focus on plant protection. These findings will provide a reference for formulating development policies about natural rubber industry in China.展开更多
The outcome of patents on environmental(POET)technologies on the EF in the USA has not been com-prehensively explored.Therefore,to close this breach in the literature,the present study discovers how patents on ecologi...The outcome of patents on environmental(POET)technologies on the EF in the USA has not been com-prehensively explored.Therefore,to close this breach in the literature,the present study discovers how patents on ecological technologies affect ecological footprint(EF)in the USA while regulatory for GDP and EC using the Fourier-based approaches.The conclusions of the present study reveal that POET are an important predictor of EF in the USA and cause a reduction in ecological deprivation in the long run;as expected,economic growth negatively affects environmental sustainability.The outcomes suggest that it is possible to resolve conflicts between the economy and the environment by using technological inno-vation.The USA government must reconsider its policy focus,particularly on coal energy sourcing and industrial energy,while continuing with heavy investments in its ambitious renewable energy technol-ogy development plan.Moreover,the government should continue to promote investments in environ-mental technologies.展开更多
In order to reveal the hotspots and trends of biological water treatment from the perspectives of scientific and technological innovation, both of the bibliometric review and patents analysis were performed in this st...In order to reveal the hotspots and trends of biological water treatment from the perspectives of scientific and technological innovation, both of the bibliometric review and patents analysis were performed in this study. The Web of Science Core Collection database and Derwent Innovation Index database recorded 30023 SCI papers and 50326 patents, respectively were analyzed via information visualization technology. The results showed that China ranked the first in both papers and patents, while the United States and Japan had advantages in papers and patents, respectively. It was concluded through literature metrology analysis that microbial population characteristics, biodegradation mechanism,toxicity analysis, nitrogen and phosphorus removal and biological treatment of micropolluted wastewater were the research hotspots of SCI papers. Activated sludge process and anaerobic-aerobic combined process were the two mainstream technologies on the basis of patent technology classification analysis. Technology evolution path of biological water treatment was also elucidated in three stages based on the citation network analysis. Furthermore, the future directions including research on the law of interaction and regulation of biological phases and pollutants and the technology innovations towards the targeted biotransformation or selective biodegradation of pollutants and resource reuse of wastewater were prospected.展开更多
基金the Foundation for Food and Agricultural Research[EggTech-0000000028]the Research Foundation-Flanders[SB project 1SC7219N and SB project 1S54823N].
文摘Numerous researchers and institutions have been developing in ovo sexing technologies to improve animal welfare by identifying male embryos in an early embryonic stage and disposing of them before pain perception.This review gives a complete overview of the technological approaches reported in papers and patents by performing a thorough search using Web of Science and Patstat/Espacenet databases for papers and patents,respectively.Based on a total of 49 papers and 115 patent families reported until May 2023 worldwide,11 technology categories were defined:6 non-optical and 5 optical techniques.Every category was described for its characteristics while assessing its potential for application.Next,the dynamics of the publications of in ovo sexing techniques in both paper and patent fields were described through growth curves,and the interest or actual status was visualized using the number of paper citations and the actual legal status of the patents.When comparing the reported technologies in papers to those in patents,scientific gaps were observed,as some of the patented technologies were not reported in the scientific literature,e.g.,ion mobility and mass spectrometry approaches.Generally,more diverse approaches in all categories were found in patents,although they do require more scientific evidence through papers or industrial adoption to prove their robustness.Moreover,although there is a recent trend for non-invasive techniques,invasive methods like analyzing DNA through PCR or hormones through immunosensing are still being reported(and might continue to be)in papers and patents.It was also observed that none of the technologies complies with all the industry requirements,although 5 companies already entered the market.On the one hand,more research and harmony between consumers,industry,and governments is necessary.On the other hand,close monitoring of the market performance of the currently available techniques will offer valuable insights into the potential and expectations of in ovo sexing techniques in the poultry industry.
基金financially supported by the Innovative Funds Plan of Henan University of Technology(2020ZKCJ10)Cultivation Programme for Young Backbone Teachers in Henan University of Technology.
文摘Phosphatidylserine(PS)is the part of cell structure in the body and has many beneficial functions especially in brain-related aging diseases.Although daily foods can provide PS to human body,the amount is very limited due to its poverty in most foods.To overcome the issue,numerous studies based on PS have been reported to develop PS-related supplements.In this review,PS was comprehensively and critically reviewed from the view of resources,functions,processing techniques,patents,and prospects.For resources,animal,plant,and microorganism origins were all covered with their differences in composition profiles.For functions,benefits regarding memory,cognitive enhancement,exercise performance,reducing Alzheimer’s disease,and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms were covered as well as the functional differences among animal-,plant-,and microorganism-based PS-related supplements.For processing techniques,traditional extracting methods from animal,plant,and microorganism tissues were comparatively discussed with enzymatic synthesis based on different reaction systems.Finally,patents of PS-related supplements were evaluated as well as their applications.This review could provide scientific and valuable support for PS industry.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos:71173185 and 71573225)
文摘Purpose: In this contribution we try to find new indicators to measure characteristics of a finn's patents and their influence on a company's profits. Design/methodology/approach: We realize that patentevaluation and influence on a company's profits is a complicated issue requiring different perspectives. For this reason we design two types of structural h-indices, derived from the International Patent Classification (IPC). In a case study we apply not only basic statistics but also a nested case-control methodology. Findings: The resulting indicator values based on a large dataset (19,080 patents in total) from the pharmaceutical industry show that the new structural indices are significantly correlated with a firm's profits. Research limitations: The new structural index and the synthetic structural index have just been applied in one case study in the pharmaceutical industry. Practical implications: Our study suggests useful implications for patentometric studies and leads to suggestions for different sized firms to include a healthy research and development (R&D) policy management. The structural h-index can be used to gauge the profits resulting from the innovative performance of a firm's patent portfolio. Originality/value: Traditionally, the breadth and depth of patents of a firm and their citations are considered separately. This approach, however, does not provide an integrated insight in the major characteristics of a firm's patents. The Sh(Y) index, proposed in our investigation, can reflect a firm's innovation activities, its technological breadth, and its influence in an integrated way.
文摘The present invention is related to a device for measuring fluidrty of molten metal,wherein the device comprises a runway for molten metal,and at least one surface of the runway comprises refractory fiber.Refractory fiber has lower heat conductivity than sand thereby it is possible to achieve more accurate measurements since the molten metal wll be allow to flow a longer distance before solidrfying in a runway.
文摘2019-01.Methods for forming components using a jacketed mold pattern Patent No.:US2018036792(A1)Date of Patent:2016-08-03 Inventor(s):James Albert Tallman Assignee:General Electric Company[US]A method of forming a component includes coupling a jacket around at least a portion of a precursor component to form a jacketed precursor component.
文摘2015-36.Binder based on polyurethane for producing cores and moulds using isocyanates containing a urethonimine and/or carbodiimide group Patent No.:KR20140001955(A)Date of Patent:2014-01-07Inventors:Cornelissen Carsten,et al.Assignee:ASK Chemicals Gmbh[DE]The present invention relates to a polyurethane-based binder using isocyanates containing urethonimine and/or carbodiimide groups
文摘2017-11.Semisolid casting and forging device and method,and cast and forged product Patemt No.:US2016228946(A1)Date of Patent:2014-10-09Inventors:Masayuki Itanura,et alAssignee:Tohoku University JP The present invention relates to a semisolid casting and forging apparatus and method as well as a cast and forged product.An excellent cast and forged product that is superior in mechanical properties
文摘ZTE Corporation announced on February 12, 2010 that by late 2009 it had applied for more than 1,700 LTE/SAE patents. ZTE is focused on advancing the LTE market with strong innovation that will benefit both consumers and operators with 4G experience and functionality.
文摘The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent (H.K.) Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and published in Hong Kong for distribution in China and abroad.The main contents carried by China Patents & Trademarks are:guidelines,policies,laws and regula-tions relevant to intellectual property,economy and trade in China;matters related to the practical
文摘The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent (H.K.) Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and published in Hong Kong for distribution in China and abroad.The main contents carried by China Patents & Trademarks are:guidelines,policies,laws and regula-tions relevant to intellectual property,economy and trade in China;matters related to the practical workof patent application,trademark registration and copyright protection in China;concrete examples
文摘The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publicationsponsored by China Patent Agent(H.K.)Ltd.The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and hasbeen edited and published in Hong Kong for distribution in China and abroad.The main contents carried by China Patents & Trademarks are:guidelines,policies,laws and regula-tions relevant to intellectual property,economy and trade in China;matters related to the practical
文摘The Chinese/English bilingual quarterly China Patents & Trademarks is a professional publication sponsored by ChinaPatent Agent(H.K.)Ltd. The journal commenced publication in April 1985 and has been edited and published in HongKong for distribution in China and abroad.
文摘Subscription Rates Hong Kong and Macao (for 1 year): HK$340.00 Rest of the World (for 1 year): US$60.00 (Surface Mail) US$82.00 (Air Mail) Advertisement Rates Full Colour Inside Front Cover US$ 3,000 Inside Back Cover US$ 2,700 Back Cover US$ 3,200 Full Page US$ 2,600 Black&White Full Page US$1,800 1/2 Page US$1,000 1/4 Page US$
文摘By thoroughly reviewing international studies on technology convergence and divergence, four kinds of hypothesis are proposed based on patent data Herfindhal index (HI) measurement. The main fmding is that technology convergence does exist, based on patent technology records in China, primarily driven by overseas companies' strategic behavior, such as field intensiveness, competition during technology maturity session, and patent technology growth.
文摘The provision of musculoskeletal services comes at a cost.This is,in part,due to the expense of patent-protected orthopaedic implants.However,patents have a finite lifespan.Patents of the most successful implants are now beginning to expire.They will be exposed to competition from generic but equivalent implants.The net effect is potentially a dramatic diminution in cost.One company,Orthimo,has taken advantage of this and begun manufacturing generic implants with identical design specifications to the most bio-durable hip prostheses.This will ultimately have a radical impact upon musculoskeletal healthcare provision with regard to cost and accessibility.The expiration of drug patents,with the subsequent use of generic drugs saves£7.1 billion annually in the United Kingdom and$254 billion in the USA.Estimates suggest the introduction of equivalent implants could result in an annual cost saving to the United Kingdom National Health Service of£120 million.Intellectual property remains an enigmatic area of law.It encompasses anodyne principles that seek to protect innovation but are open to manipulation and exploitation.The last decade has seen the emergence of undesirable practices in the medical industry such as"patent trolling".Here we explore patents and their repercussions for musculoskeletal care.
文摘2020-33.Compositions and methods for improving casting quality and mold sand additives Patent No.:US201615752411 Date of Patent:2016-08-11 Inventor(s):Victor Lafay Assignee:Imerys Minerals USA Inc.[US]This disclosure relates generally to the field of sand cast molding and to improvements in the founding of metals.
基金Supported by Fundamental Research Fund Project of Rubber Research Institute,CATAS(16300220110261630012012023)
文摘This paper mainly analyzes the application data of patents concerning Hevea brasiliensis in the world and China from the perspectives of time,research field,and the geographical distribution of applicants. It also interprets the patents for invention in China from time,research field,and types of applicants. Based on the study,it shows that although the patent applications fluctuate,the general trend is rising. And the patents are mostly concentrated in plant protection,and agricultural biotechnology. The Chinese applicants of patents for invention largely work in the research institutes,and most of these patents focus on the field of plant protection,agricultural biotechnology,and agro-processing.However,the foreign applicants mainly work in companies,and most of these patents only focus on plant protection. These findings will provide a reference for formulating development policies about natural rubber industry in China.
文摘The outcome of patents on environmental(POET)technologies on the EF in the USA has not been com-prehensively explored.Therefore,to close this breach in the literature,the present study discovers how patents on ecological technologies affect ecological footprint(EF)in the USA while regulatory for GDP and EC using the Fourier-based approaches.The conclusions of the present study reveal that POET are an important predictor of EF in the USA and cause a reduction in ecological deprivation in the long run;as expected,economic growth negatively affects environmental sustainability.The outcomes suggest that it is possible to resolve conflicts between the economy and the environment by using technological inno-vation.The USA government must reconsider its policy focus,particularly on coal energy sourcing and industrial energy,while continuing with heavy investments in its ambitious renewable energy technol-ogy development plan.Moreover,the government should continue to promote investments in environ-mental technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51878336)the Outstanding Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (No. BK20200063)。
文摘In order to reveal the hotspots and trends of biological water treatment from the perspectives of scientific and technological innovation, both of the bibliometric review and patents analysis were performed in this study. The Web of Science Core Collection database and Derwent Innovation Index database recorded 30023 SCI papers and 50326 patents, respectively were analyzed via information visualization technology. The results showed that China ranked the first in both papers and patents, while the United States and Japan had advantages in papers and patents, respectively. It was concluded through literature metrology analysis that microbial population characteristics, biodegradation mechanism,toxicity analysis, nitrogen and phosphorus removal and biological treatment of micropolluted wastewater were the research hotspots of SCI papers. Activated sludge process and anaerobic-aerobic combined process were the two mainstream technologies on the basis of patent technology classification analysis. Technology evolution path of biological water treatment was also elucidated in three stages based on the citation network analysis. Furthermore, the future directions including research on the law of interaction and regulation of biological phases and pollutants and the technology innovations towards the targeted biotransformation or selective biodegradation of pollutants and resource reuse of wastewater were prospected.