BACKGROUND Many human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infected patients suffer from depression,but a little focus is given to detecting and treating depression in primary health care.Detection of depression can be improved...BACKGROUND Many human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infected patients suffer from depression,but a little focus is given to detecting and treating depression in primary health care.Detection of depression can be improved by introducing short,reliable,and valid screening instruments.AIM To determine the psychometric properties of the patient health questionnaire-2(PHQ-2)and patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)for depression screening and diagnosis,and the sensitivity and specificity of the PHQ-2 in HIV infected patients.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 158 HIV-infected patients aged 18 years and above in Lahore,Pakistan.PHQ-2 was implemented to screen depression.PHQ-9 was implemented to diagnose major depressive disorder as a reference standard.Reliability,Validity tests and receiver operating characteristic curve were computed.RESULTS The Cronbach's alpha of PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 were 0.732 and 0.759,respectively.The study results showed that the score of 2 on PHQ-2 indicates the highest Youden's index of 0.924,with both sensitivity and specificity of 0.96,and the area under the curve for PHQ-2 was 0.98(95%CI:0.953-0.998).CONCLUSION Good psychometric properties for the PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 indicated their significant potential as tools for depression screening and diagnosis in the HIV-infected population.展开更多
目的评测病人健康问卷-9(patient health questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)在我国脑卒中人群中的信度和效度。方法由经过培训的4名调查员对156例脑卒中患者分别进行Beck抑郁自评量表(Beck depression inventory,BDI)和PHQ-9、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Ha...目的评测病人健康问卷-9(patient health questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)在我国脑卒中人群中的信度和效度。方法由经过培训的4名调查员对156例脑卒中患者分别进行Beck抑郁自评量表(Beck depression inventory,BDI)和PHQ-9、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression rating scale,HAMD)和世界卫生组织复合性国际诊断访谈表3.0(World Health Organization composite international diagnostic interview,WHO-CIDI3.0)的评测,分析PHQ-9应用于脑卒中患者的信度、效度。结果克朗巴赫α系数为0.8383,提示该量表内部一致性较好;条目与总分的相关系数为0.533～0.777(P<0.05),各条目间的相关系数为0.183～0.599,提示该量表内部一致性较好;PHQ-9的效标效度为0.599(P<0.01),提示该量表效标效度良好;PHQ-9与BDI的相关系数为0.803(P<0.01),与HAMD的相关系数为0.835(P<0.01),提示该量表结构效度良好。结论 PHQ-9具有良好的信度和效度,基本符合心理测量学标准,是评价卒中后抑郁的可靠、有效工具。展开更多
BACKGROUND Individuals with diabetes mellitus are more likely to experience depression,although most patients remain undiagnosed.The relation between total bilirubin and depression has been increasingly discussed,but ...BACKGROUND Individuals with diabetes mellitus are more likely to experience depression,although most patients remain undiagnosed.The relation between total bilirubin and depression has been increasingly discussed,but limited studies have examined the association of total bilirubin with depression risk in adults with diabetes,which warrants attention.AIM To investigate the association between total bilirubin levels and the risk of depression in adults with diabetes.METHODS The study included adults with diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018.Depression was determined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.Multivariable logistic regression,propensity scorematched analysis and restricted cubic spline models were utilized to investigate the association between total bilirubin levels and depression risk in adults with diabetes.RESULTS The study included 4758 adults with diabetes,of whom 602(12.7%)were diagnosed with depression.After adjusting for covariates,we found that diabetic adults with lower total bilirubin levels had a higher risk of depression(OR=1.230,95%CI:1.006-1.503,P=0.043).This association was further confirmed after propensity score matching(OR=1.303,95%CI:1.034-1.641,P=0.025).Subgroup analyses showed no significant dependence of age,body mass index,sex,race or hypertension on this association.Restricted cubic spline models displayed an inverted U-shaped association of total bilirubin levels with depression risk within the lower range of total bilirubin levels.The depression risk heightened with the increasing levels of total bilirubin,reaching the highest risk at 6.81μmol/L and decreasing thereafter.CONCLUSION In adults with diabetes,those with lower levels of total bilirubin were more likely to have depressive symptoms.Serum total bilirubin levels may be used as an additional indicator to assess depression risk in adults with diabetes.展开更多
The extent of viral spread and strategies in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic have been different in each country.There are overall increased mental health concerns in many countries but it is unclear what the gener...The extent of viral spread and strategies in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic have been different in each country.There are overall increased mental health concerns in many countries but it is unclear what the general public individuals who do not have heighten vulnerability to stressors for existing mental diseases or significant physical illnesses were experiencing during the pandemic.We evaluated the stressors and mental health of general public in South Korea that has a relatively low confirmed cases and deaths.Responses on the on-line survey questions were used to assess the mental and physical symptoms in association with individuals’reported stressors.Individuals with the symptoms of the generalized anxiety disorder(GAD)were reported in 58.9%,and major depression(MD)in 23.2%,mostly in minimal to mild degrees,cut-off scores of 5 and 10,respectively by the validated screening tools,GAD-7 and PHQ-9.Both GAD and MD symptoms were in 21.5%of the respondents.The total number of stress had significant association with the scores of GAD-7,PHQ-9,physical symptoms,sleep difficulties and resilience(p<0.01).GAD scores were also associated with sleep difficulties(p<0.01)and raising young children(p<0.05).MD scores were associated with sleep difficulties,job-dissatisfaction,and educational level(p<0.05).The limitations of the study include small sample size,usage of smartphone or email,potential under-reporting by stigma in the socio-cultural context and evolving nature of pandemic.We conclude that keeping careful watch for mental symptoms,stressors,sleep difficulties and other physical symptoms are important even for the individuals without previous mental illnesses during the pandemic era.展开更多
目的检验中文版患者健康问卷（patient health questionnaire,PHQ）中抑郁症状群量表（PHQ-9）在综合性医院普通门诊患者中的信度、效度和检出率。方法600例综合性医院普通门诊患者完成中文版PHQ-9和医院焦虑抑郁量表（hospital anxiety...目的检验中文版患者健康问卷（patient health questionnaire,PHQ）中抑郁症状群量表（PHQ-9）在综合性医院普通门诊患者中的信度、效度和检出率。方法600例综合性医院普通门诊患者完成中文版PHQ-9和医院焦虑抑郁量表（hospital anxiety and depression scale,HADS）自评,并接受汉密顿抑郁量表（hamilton depression scale,HAMD）的评定,抽取44名患者在完成初次评定后7-14 d内接受PHQ-9重测;抽取96例患者,在完成初次评定后2周内,接受专业研究人员的定式临床精神检查（structured clinical interview for DSM-IV,SCID）。结果PHQ-9内部一致性系数为0.857,条目间的相关系数为0.236-0.718,各条目与量表总分的相关系数为0.588-0.784,先后两次测定总分的相关系数为0.947,PHQ-9总分与HADS总分及抑郁分量表分值和HAMD总分的相关系数范围0.792-0.811,PHQ-9的灵敏度为91%,特异度为97%,Kappa=0.884。检出抑郁症状群98例,占总样本量的16.3%（95%CI：13.4%-19.3%）。结论中文版本PHQ-9在综合性医院普通门诊患者应用中具有良好的信度和效度。展开更多
目的调查陆军某部1324例救援人员抑郁水平和相关影响因素,提供该部人员早期预警模型和循证依据。方法于2018年11月采取整群抽样方式,对某部全体救援人员进行健康问卷抑郁量表(Patient Health Questionnaire 9,PHQ9)的横断面调查,运用log...目的调查陆军某部1324例救援人员抑郁水平和相关影响因素,提供该部人员早期预警模型和循证依据。方法于2018年11月采取整群抽样方式,对某部全体救援人员进行健康问卷抑郁量表(Patient Health Questionnaire 9,PHQ9)的横断面调查,运用logistic回归分析抑郁自评阳性的相关因素。结果该部救援人员均为男性,平均年龄20.54±1.86岁,PHQ9自评抑郁阳性率为10.3%(137/1324),logistic回归分析结果显示:吸烟年数(OR=1.261;95%CI:1.006~1.582)、家族史(OR=4.263;95%CI:1.567~11.600)、失眠(OR=5.154;95%CI:1.470~18.072)是抑郁自评阳性的影响因素(P均<0.05)。结论该部救援人员抑郁自评阳性可能与吸烟年数、家族史和失眠有关,应针对这些因素进行早期预防和管理,避免因抑郁状态造成的非战斗减员。展开更多
目的了解患者健康问卷抑郁量表(Patient Health Questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)与汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton Depression Scale,HAMD)测评结果的一致性,为患者健康问卷抑郁量表的临床护理应用推广提供理论依据。方法选择30名抑郁症和(或)焦虑...目的了解患者健康问卷抑郁量表(Patient Health Questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)与汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton Depression Scale,HAMD)测评结果的一致性,为患者健康问卷抑郁量表的临床护理应用推广提供理论依据。方法选择30名抑郁症和(或)焦虑症的患者为研究对象,使用一般情况调查表、患者健康问卷抑郁量表和汉密尔顿抑郁量表,比较患者健康问卷抑郁量表与汉密尔顿抑郁量表的测评结果。结果 PHQ-9量表总分为(19.57±7.035)分,HAMD量表总分均值为(20.07±7.597)分;两个量表对抑郁程度的测评结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论健康问卷抑郁量表的测评结果与汉密尔顿抑郁量表的测评结果相关,值得在临床护理工作中推广应用。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Many human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infected patients suffer from depression,but a little focus is given to detecting and treating depression in primary health care.Detection of depression can be improved by introducing short,reliable,and valid screening instruments.AIM To determine the psychometric properties of the patient health questionnaire-2(PHQ-2)and patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)for depression screening and diagnosis,and the sensitivity and specificity of the PHQ-2 in HIV infected patients.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 158 HIV-infected patients aged 18 years and above in Lahore,Pakistan.PHQ-2 was implemented to screen depression.PHQ-9 was implemented to diagnose major depressive disorder as a reference standard.Reliability,Validity tests and receiver operating characteristic curve were computed.RESULTS The Cronbach's alpha of PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 were 0.732 and 0.759,respectively.The study results showed that the score of 2 on PHQ-2 indicates the highest Youden's index of 0.924,with both sensitivity and specificity of 0.96,and the area under the curve for PHQ-2 was 0.98(95%CI:0.953-0.998).CONCLUSION Good psychometric properties for the PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 indicated their significant potential as tools for depression screening and diagnosis in the HIV-infected population.
文摘目的评测病人健康问卷-9(patient health questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)在我国脑卒中人群中的信度和效度。方法由经过培训的4名调查员对156例脑卒中患者分别进行Beck抑郁自评量表(Beck depression inventory,BDI)和PHQ-9、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression rating scale,HAMD)和世界卫生组织复合性国际诊断访谈表3.0(World Health Organization composite international diagnostic interview,WHO-CIDI3.0)的评测,分析PHQ-9应用于脑卒中患者的信度、效度。结果克朗巴赫α系数为0.8383,提示该量表内部一致性较好;条目与总分的相关系数为0.533～0.777(P<0.05),各条目间的相关系数为0.183～0.599,提示该量表内部一致性较好;PHQ-9的效标效度为0.599(P<0.01),提示该量表效标效度良好;PHQ-9与BDI的相关系数为0.803(P<0.01),与HAMD的相关系数为0.835(P<0.01),提示该量表结构效度良好。结论 PHQ-9具有良好的信度和效度,基本符合心理测量学标准,是评价卒中后抑郁的可靠、有效工具。
文摘BACKGROUND Individuals with diabetes mellitus are more likely to experience depression,although most patients remain undiagnosed.The relation between total bilirubin and depression has been increasingly discussed,but limited studies have examined the association of total bilirubin with depression risk in adults with diabetes,which warrants attention.AIM To investigate the association between total bilirubin levels and the risk of depression in adults with diabetes.METHODS The study included adults with diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018.Depression was determined using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.Multivariable logistic regression,propensity scorematched analysis and restricted cubic spline models were utilized to investigate the association between total bilirubin levels and depression risk in adults with diabetes.RESULTS The study included 4758 adults with diabetes,of whom 602(12.7%)were diagnosed with depression.After adjusting for covariates,we found that diabetic adults with lower total bilirubin levels had a higher risk of depression(OR=1.230,95%CI:1.006-1.503,P=0.043).This association was further confirmed after propensity score matching(OR=1.303,95%CI:1.034-1.641,P=0.025).Subgroup analyses showed no significant dependence of age,body mass index,sex,race or hypertension on this association.Restricted cubic spline models displayed an inverted U-shaped association of total bilirubin levels with depression risk within the lower range of total bilirubin levels.The depression risk heightened with the increasing levels of total bilirubin,reaching the highest risk at 6.81μmol/L and decreasing thereafter.CONCLUSION In adults with diabetes,those with lower levels of total bilirubin were more likely to have depressive symptoms.Serum total bilirubin levels may be used as an additional indicator to assess depression risk in adults with diabetes.
文摘The extent of viral spread and strategies in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic have been different in each country.There are overall increased mental health concerns in many countries but it is unclear what the general public individuals who do not have heighten vulnerability to stressors for existing mental diseases or significant physical illnesses were experiencing during the pandemic.We evaluated the stressors and mental health of general public in South Korea that has a relatively low confirmed cases and deaths.Responses on the on-line survey questions were used to assess the mental and physical symptoms in association with individuals’reported stressors.Individuals with the symptoms of the generalized anxiety disorder(GAD)were reported in 58.9%,and major depression(MD)in 23.2%,mostly in minimal to mild degrees,cut-off scores of 5 and 10,respectively by the validated screening tools,GAD-7 and PHQ-9.Both GAD and MD symptoms were in 21.5%of the respondents.The total number of stress had significant association with the scores of GAD-7,PHQ-9,physical symptoms,sleep difficulties and resilience(p<0.01).GAD scores were also associated with sleep difficulties(p<0.01)and raising young children(p<0.05).MD scores were associated with sleep difficulties,job-dissatisfaction,and educational level(p<0.05).The limitations of the study include small sample size,usage of smartphone or email,potential under-reporting by stigma in the socio-cultural context and evolving nature of pandemic.We conclude that keeping careful watch for mental symptoms,stressors,sleep difficulties and other physical symptoms are important even for the individuals without previous mental illnesses during the pandemic era.
文摘目的检验中文版患者健康问卷（patient health questionnaire,PHQ）中抑郁症状群量表（PHQ-9）在综合性医院普通门诊患者中的信度、效度和检出率。方法600例综合性医院普通门诊患者完成中文版PHQ-9和医院焦虑抑郁量表（hospital anxiety and depression scale,HADS）自评,并接受汉密顿抑郁量表（hamilton depression scale,HAMD）的评定,抽取44名患者在完成初次评定后7-14 d内接受PHQ-9重测;抽取96例患者,在完成初次评定后2周内,接受专业研究人员的定式临床精神检查（structured clinical interview for DSM-IV,SCID）。结果PHQ-9内部一致性系数为0.857,条目间的相关系数为0.236-0.718,各条目与量表总分的相关系数为0.588-0.784,先后两次测定总分的相关系数为0.947,PHQ-9总分与HADS总分及抑郁分量表分值和HAMD总分的相关系数范围0.792-0.811,PHQ-9的灵敏度为91%,特异度为97%,Kappa=0.884。检出抑郁症状群98例,占总样本量的16.3%（95%CI：13.4%-19.3%）。结论中文版本PHQ-9在综合性医院普通门诊患者应用中具有良好的信度和效度。
文摘目的调查陆军某部1324例救援人员抑郁水平和相关影响因素,提供该部人员早期预警模型和循证依据。方法于2018年11月采取整群抽样方式,对某部全体救援人员进行健康问卷抑郁量表(Patient Health Questionnaire 9,PHQ9)的横断面调查,运用logistic回归分析抑郁自评阳性的相关因素。结果该部救援人员均为男性,平均年龄20.54±1.86岁,PHQ9自评抑郁阳性率为10.3%(137/1324),logistic回归分析结果显示:吸烟年数(OR=1.261;95%CI:1.006~1.582)、家族史(OR=4.263;95%CI:1.567~11.600)、失眠(OR=5.154;95%CI:1.470~18.072)是抑郁自评阳性的影响因素(P均<0.05)。结论该部救援人员抑郁自评阳性可能与吸烟年数、家族史和失眠有关,应针对这些因素进行早期预防和管理,避免因抑郁状态造成的非战斗减员。
