The objective-scientific conclusions obtained from the researches conducted in various fields of science prove that era and worldview are in unity and are phenomena that determine one another,and era and worldview are...The objective-scientific conclusions obtained from the researches conducted in various fields of science prove that era and worldview are in unity and are phenomena that determine one another,and era and worldview are the most important phenomena in the understanding of geniuses,historical events,including personalities who have left a mark on the history of politics,and every individual as a whole.And it is appropriate to briefly consider the problem in the context of human and personality factors.It is known that man has tried to understand natural phenomena since the beginning of time.Contact with the material world naturally affects his consciousness and even his subconscious as he solves problems that are important or useful for human life.During this understanding,the worldview changes and is formed.Thus,depending on the material and moral development of all spheres of life,the content and essence of the progress events,as the civilizations replaced each other in different periods,the event of periodization took place and became a system.If we take Europe,the people of the Ice Age of 300,000 years ago,who engaged in hunting to solve their hunger needs,in other words,the age of dinosaurs,have spread to many parts of the world from Africa,where they lived in order to survive and meet more of their daily needs.The extensive integration of agricultural Ice Age People into the Earth included farming,fishing,animal husbandry,hunting,as well as handicrafts,etc.,and has led to the revolutionary development of the fields.As economic activities led these first inhabitants of the planet from caves to less comfortable shelters,then to good houses,then to palaces,labor activities in various occupations,including crafts,developed rapidly.Thus,the fads of the era who differed from the crowd(later this class will be called personalities,geniuses...-Kh.G.)began to appear.If we approach the issue from the point of view of history,we witness that the world view determines the development in different periods.This idea can be expressed in such a way that each period can be considered to have developed or experienced a crisis according to the level of worldview.In this direction of our thoughts,the question arises:So,what is the phenomenon of worldview of this era-XXI century?Based on the general content of the current events,characterized as the globalization stage of the modern world,we can say that the outlook of the historical stage we live in is based on the achievements of the last stage of the industrial revolution.In this article,by analyzing the history of the artificial intelligence system during the world industrial revolutions,we will study both the concept of progress of the industrial revolutions and the progressive and at the same time regressive development of the artificial intelligence system.展开更多
Based on field visit and interview,the current situation of snow village in China is summarized from four aspects:core scenic spots in snow village,skiing industry in snow village,film and television industry in snow ...Based on field visit and interview,the current situation of snow village in China is summarized from four aspects:core scenic spots in snow village,skiing industry in snow village,film and television industry in snow village,and ice and snow agritainment.The investigation found that there are still significant problems in homogenization,scenic area infrastructure,and government regulation in snow village.Targeted solutions are proposed from four aspects:tapping internal advantages,strengthening top-level design and infrastructure construction,promoting tourism industry upgrading,and collaborating to innovate the ice and snow tourism supply chain,in order to further promote the economic development of snow village.展开更多
In this paper, we present a novel approach to model user request patterns in the World Wide Web. Instead of focusing on the user traffic for web pages, we capture the user interaction at the object level of the web pa...In this paper, we present a novel approach to model user request patterns in the World Wide Web. Instead of focusing on the user traffic for web pages, we capture the user interaction at the object level of the web pages. Our framework model consists of three sub-models: one for user file access, one for web pages, and one for storage servers. Web pages are assumed to consist of different types and sizes of objects, which are characterized using several categories: articles, media, and mosaics. The model is implemented with a discrete event simulation and then used to investigate the performance of our system over a variety of parameters in our model. Our performance measure of choice is mean response time and by varying the composition of web pages through our categories, we find that our framework model is able to capture a wide range of conditions that serve as a basis for generating a variety of user request patterns. In addition, we are able to establish a set of parameters that can be used as base cases. One of the goals of this research is for the framework model to be general enough that the parameters can be varied such that it can serve as input for investigating other distributed applications that require the generation of user request access patterns.展开更多
From the perspective of geological zone selection for coalbed methane(CBM) development, the evaluation parameters(covering geological conditions and production conditions) of geological sweetspot for CBM development a...From the perspective of geological zone selection for coalbed methane(CBM) development, the evaluation parameters(covering geological conditions and production conditions) of geological sweetspot for CBM development are determined, and the evaluation index system of geological sweetspot for CBM development is established. On this basis, the fuzzy pattern recognition(FPR) model of geological sweetspot for CBM development is built. The model is applied to evaluate four units of No.3 Coal Seam in the Fanzhuang Block, southern Qinshui Basin, China. The evaluation results are consistent with the actual development effect and the existing research results, which verifies the rationality and reliability of the FPR model. The research shows that the proposed FPR model of geological sweetspot for CBM development does not involve parameter weighting which leads to uncertainties in the results of the conventional models such as analytic hierarchy process and multi-level fuzzy synthesis judgment, and features a simple computation without the construction of multi-level judgment matrix. The FPR model provides reliable results to support the efficient development of CBM.展开更多
This study discusses the basic guarantee of the Charter of the United Nations to realize the right to development from the angle of Transforming Our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The concepts reg...This study discusses the basic guarantee of the Charter of the United Nations to realize the right to development from the angle of Transforming Our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The concepts regarding the people as the focal point, the dignity, the worth of the human being, as well as larger aspects of freedom, and other basic concepts within the Charter of the United Nations, guide the right direction of action for the realization of the right to development. The purpose and principles of the United Nations establishment in the Charter constitute the basic legal protection of the right to development. Values of peace, international dialogue, and international cooperation show the right path to the realization of the right to development.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to classify current forest cover types,and to investigate stand development patterns for natural forests in six areas in northern Baekdudaegan,South Korea.Twenty-eight independent forest ...The purpose of this study was to classify current forest cover types,and to investigate stand development patterns for natural forests in six areas in northern Baekdudaegan,South Korea.Twenty-eight independent forest communities were aggregated into eight forest cover types by species composition in the overstory of each forest community.The forest cover types were of mixed mesophytic,‘‘others’ ’ deciduous,Quercus mongolica dominant,Q.mongolica pure,Pinus densiflora–Q.mongolica,P.densiflora,Betula ermanii,and Q.mongolica–P.koraiensis.The ecological information was organized by importance value and species diversity for each forest type.Based on the correlation between species diversity index and the abundance of Q.mongolica plus P.densiflora for corresponding forest cover types,we compared the developmental process and approximate successional pathway between each cover type.The P.densiflora forest cover type changes into the P.densiflora–Q.mongolica cover type,followed by the Q.mongolica dominant cover type through continuous invasion of the oak trees.Furthermore,the Q.mongolica pure cover type would spread toward the Q.mongolica dominant cover type with a mixture of various deciduous tree species.The Q.mongolica dominant cover type progresses through the other deciduous cover types to the mixed mesophytic cover type with diversified composition and structure.On the mid to lower slopes,with loamy soils and good moisture conditions,various deciduous forest types should progress,by ecological succession,toward the mixed mesophytic cover type without any further disturbance.展开更多
This article summarizes a series of valuable accomplishments of China's government in promoting economic development, reducing poverty, maintaining social stability, and increasing people's prosperity since 19...This article summarizes a series of valuable accomplishments of China's government in promoting economic development, reducing poverty, maintaining social stability, and increasing people's prosperity since 1949. It summarizes the economic analysis framework of development governance in mainstream economics, and further analyzes the connotations and extensions of the conceptual framework. This paper also summarizes some of the core economic characteristics embodied in China's Reform and Development Governance since the reform, and further explores the necessity and direction of its future modernization and its impacts on different countries and regions in the world.展开更多
The year of 2000 is at the turn of the century as well as of the millennium. Themankind waves farewell to the 20th century as well as the second millenniumand welcomes the 21st century and the third millennium. At thi...The year of 2000 is at the turn of the century as well as of the millennium. Themankind waves farewell to the 20th century as well as the second millenniumand welcomes the 21st century and the third millennium. At this special juncture,looking closely at the future based on understanding which was obtained from re-viewing and summarizing the past and present world politics from historical andphilosophical standpoints, we can find that it has become an unavoidable subject onhow to regard the trend of the world pattern toward multi-polarization and respon-sibility adjustment arising from it.展开更多
The Northwest Electric Power Design Institute (NWEPDI) located in Xi’an City, Shaanxi Province, China, was established in 1956. There are now 1,742 staff, including 1,234 engineers in more than 30 specialities as fol...The Northwest Electric Power Design Institute (NWEPDI) located in Xi’an City, Shaanxi Province, China, was established in 1956. There are now 1,742 staff, including 1,234 engineers in more than 30 specialities as follows: thermo-mechanical, coal handling, ash handling, electrical (main and secondary circuits), auxiliary power supply, illumination, I & C, architecture, structure, heating & ventilation, plant general layout, HVAC, water supply & discharge, hydrostructure, chemical water treatment, waste water treatment, technical-economics, construction organization design, environmental impact assessment,展开更多
Focused on the lack of proper organization for patterns in the development of pattern based software, a POMSDP model with layered tree structure for organizing patterns during the process of development was put forwar...Focused on the lack of proper organization for patterns in the development of pattern based software, a POMSDP model with layered tree structure for organizing patterns during the process of development was put forward. The model and its interrelated concepts were strictly defined and introduced by applying the theory of set, symbolic logic and pattern, which ensures the correctness, maturity and expansibility of the model. The expansibility of the model was discussed mainly. The basic realization and the application in the automatic query system were presented. Based on the existing software development methods, the POMSDP model resolves the problem of chaos in the application of patterns, strengthens the controllability of the system, and facilitates the improvement, maintenance, expansion, and especially the reengineering of the software system.展开更多
The fourth industrial revolution of human society is also known as the“world’s new technological revolution,”which has brought human society into the information age and has had an extremely important impact on eco...The fourth industrial revolution of human society is also known as the“world’s new technological revolution,”which has brought human society into the information age and has had an extremely important impact on economic development and educational reform.In the information age,economic development and wealth creation are dominated by the acquisition,mastery,distribution,and utilization of information instead of capital.Therefore,the cultivation of talents is very important,and educational reform is imperative with the rise of the world’s new technological revolution.展开更多
In 2022,Yellow Sea green tide caused by Ulva prolifera reached a historic minimum and the coastal areas of Shandong Peninsula were less affected.However,the largest amount of seaweed biomass has been washed ashore on ...In 2022,Yellow Sea green tide caused by Ulva prolifera reached a historic minimum and the coastal areas of Shandong Peninsula were less affected.However,the largest amount of seaweed biomass has been washed ashore on Lianyungang and Rizhao coasts since 2015.We studied the development pattern of Yellow Sea green tide in 2022,and analyzed the key environmental factors on the growth and drifting,then discussed the possible reasons that resulted in the massive stranding of green tide biomass in Lianyungang and Rizhao.Results show under the combined influence of the east to southeast winds and currents with shoreward anomalies,green tide drifted to the coastal waters between Shandong and Jiangsu provinces and the distribution areas located westward compared with previous years(2008–2021).Floating U.prolifera rafts from the coastal waters of Binhai and Sheyang drifted continuously into the coastal waters of Lianyungang and Rizhao,providing important supplements for Yellow Sea green tide.Because green tide in 2022 distributed close to the coastal waters,the abundant nutrients might support their continuous high growth rate.In addition,the amount of rainfall around Shandong Peninsula from late June to early July were significantly higher than in previous years,which might promote the development of green tide to some extent.展开更多
The 12th Sino-German Human Rights Symposium opened today in Beijing. On behalf of the State Council Information Office, I would like to express my warmest con- gratulations on the opening of the forum, extend my welco...The 12th Sino-German Human Rights Symposium opened today in Beijing. On behalf of the State Council Information Office, I would like to express my warmest con- gratulations on the opening of the forum, extend my welcome to Ms. Herta Daeubler-Gmelin and other German friends and my gratitude to symposium organizers and all participants for your long-term contribution to communication and exchange in human rights between China and Germany.展开更多
Urban-rural integration (URI) is a global challenge that is highly related to inequalities, poverty, economic growth, and other Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Existing research has evaluated the extent of URI a...Urban-rural integration (URI) is a global challenge that is highly related to inequalities, poverty, economic growth, and other Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Existing research has evaluated the extent of URI and explored its influencing factors, but urban-rural linkages are seldom incorporated in evaluation systems, and geographical factors are rarely recognized as the influencing factors. We construct a URI framework including regional economy, rural development, urban-rural linkage, and urban-rural gap. Based on a dataset consisting of 1,669 counties in China in 2020, we reveal the spatial pattern of URI and find a high correlation between the spatial pattern of URI and the relief degree of land surface (RDLS). Using structural equation modeling, we discover that topography has direct ( − 0.18, p < 0.001) and indirect ( − 0.17, p < 0.001) effects on URI. The indirect negative effects are mediated through the infrastructure, and the combination of localized advantages and modern technical conditions could mitigate the negative impact of topography. Finally, we identify 742 counties as lagging regions in URI, which can be clustered into eight types. Our findings could facilitate policy designing for those countries striving for integrated and sustainable development of urban and rural areas.展开更多
"Three new developments"is the guiding ideology of Chinese-style high-quality development in the new era.Jujube(Zizyphus jujube Mill.)is a plant of Zizyphus of Rhamnaceae,which originated in China and has be..."Three new developments"is the guiding ideology of Chinese-style high-quality development in the new era.Jujube(Zizyphus jujube Mill.)is a plant of Zizyphus of Rhamnaceae,which originated in China and has been listed as one of the"five fruits"since ancient times.Xinjiang is the most important jujube producing area in China,and its yield has accounted for 50%of the national jujube yield.In the five prefectures and cities of southern Xinjiang,as well as the regimental farms of southern and eastern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,the jujube industry is an advantageous characteristic industry in agriculture.This paper studied Xinjiang jujube industry and its agricultural intellectual property resources,analyzed six major issues to be further implemented,such as the"three new developments"thinking and the strategy of building an intellectual property power,and puts forward eight strategies such as coordinating the two markets and two resources to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and dual circulation of jujube.展开更多
The classification of township development types is an urgent problem that requires solution to enable the township to choose an appropriate development path.Using a township development classification method,we deter...The classification of township development types is an urgent problem that requires solution to enable the township to choose an appropriate development path.Using a township development classification method,we determine the township development types and their spatial patterns in Liaoning Province,China.The results showed that the patterns of township development types based on their general advantages had significant spatial differentiations.The planting,and livestock and poultry breeding township development types based on general advantages were mainly distributed across the central plain of Liaoning Province,China,and also concentrated in Dandong City−Dalian City along Yellow Sea coast,and in the northwest of Chaoyang City.The business and tourism,industry and mining,and residence township development types based on general advantages were distributed mainly along the Shenyang–Dalian Economic Belt in the central and southern Liaoning Province.The ecology township development type based on general advantages was mainly distributed in the eastern and western Liaoning Province to maintain regional ecological security.Township development types based on non-advantages were sporadically distributed in the middle and western Liaoning Province.Based on the classification and spatial patterns,the differences between the distribution of twonship development types and the plan for the major functional areas of Liaoning Province were proposed which could provide the basis for the optimization of the major functional areas.展开更多
The issue of China's energy supply security is not only the key problem which af- fects China's rapid and sustainable development in the 21st century, but also the one which international attention focuses on. Based...The issue of China's energy supply security is not only the key problem which af- fects China's rapid and sustainable development in the 21st century, but also the one which international attention focuses on. Based on the notable characteristic of spatial imbalance between energy production and consumption in China, this paper takes the evolution of China's primary energy resources development(excluding hydropower) from 1949 to 2007 as the study object, with the aim to sum up the evolutive characteristics and laws of China's energy resources development in the past nearly 60 years. Then, based on comprehensive considerations of coal's, oil's and natural gas's basic reserves, qualities, geological conditions production status, and ecological service function of every province, this paper adopts development potential index (DP)to evaluate the development potential of every province's en- ergy resources, and divide them into different ranks. Conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) Generally speaking, China's gross energy production was increasing in waves from 1949 to 2007. From the viewpoint of spatial patterns, China's energy resources development has shown a characteristic of "concentrating to the north and central areas, and evolving from linear-shaped to "T-shaped" pattern gradually since 1949. (2) The structure evolution of China's energy resources development in general has shown a trend of "coal proportion is dominant but decreasing, while oil and gas proportions are increasing" since 1949. (3) At the provincial scale, China's energy resources development potential could be divided into large, sub-large, general and small ranks, four in all. In the future, the spatial pattern of China's energy production will evolve from "T-shaped" to "R-shaped pattern". These conclusions will help to clarify the temporal and spatial characteristics and laws of China's energy resources development, and will be beneficial for China to design scientific and rational energy development strategies and plans, coordinate spatial imbalance of energy production and consumption, ensure national energy supply, avoid energy resources waste and disorderly development, and promote regional sustainable development under the globalization back-ground with changeful international energy market.展开更多
With the rapid economic development during the last 30 years in China, more and more disparities have emerged among different regions. It has been one of the hot topics in the fields of physical geography and economic...With the rapid economic development during the last 30 years in China, more and more disparities have emerged among different regions. It has been one of the hot topics in the fields of physical geography and economic geography, and also has been the task for Chinese government to handle. Nevertheless, to quantitatively assess the impacts of physio-geographical patterns (PGP) on the regional development disparity has been ignored for a long time. In this paper, a quantitative method was adopted to assess the marginal effects of the PGP on spatio-temporal disparity using the partial determination coefficients. The paper described the construction of the evaluation model step by step following its key scientific thinking. Total GDP, per capita GDP, primary industrial output value and secondary industrial output value were employed in this study as the indicators to reflect the impacts of PGP on the regional development disparity. Based on the evaluation methods built by researchers, this study firstly analyzed the temporal impacts of the PGP on spatio-temporal disparity of the regional development in China during the past 50 years, and then explained the spatial differences at each development stage. The results show that the spatio-temporal disparity in China is highly related to the PGP, and that the marginal contribution rate could be employed as an effective way to quantitatively assess the impact of the PGP on spatio-temporal disparity of the regional development.展开更多
BACKGROUND As the malignant tumor,pancreatic cancer with a meager 5-years survival rate has been widely concerning.However,the molecular mechanisms that result in malignant transformation of pancreatic cells remain el...BACKGROUND As the malignant tumor,pancreatic cancer with a meager 5-years survival rate has been widely concerning.However,the molecular mechanisms that result in malignant transformation of pancreatic cells remain elusive.AIM To investigate the gene expression profiles in normal or malignant transformed pancreas development.METHODS MaSigPro and ANOVA were performed on two pancreas development datasets downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.Six pancreatic cancer datasets collected from TCGA database were used to establish differentially expressed genes related to pancreas development and pancreatic cancer.Moreover,gene clusters with highly similar interpretation patterns between pancreas development and pancreatic cancer progression were established by self-organizing map and singular value decomposition.Additionally,the hypergeometric test was performed to compare the corresponding interpretation patterns.Abnormal regions of metabolic pathway were analyzed using the Subpathway-GM method.RESULTS This study established the continuously upregulated and downregulated genes at different stages in pancreas development and progression of pancreatic cancer.Through analysis of the differentially expressed genes,we established the inverse and consistent direction development-cancer pattern associations.Based on the application of the Subpathway-GM analysis,we established 17 significant metabolic sub-pathways that were closely associated with pancreatic cancer.Of note,the most significant metabolites sub-pathway was related to glycerophospholipid metabolism.CONCLUSION The inverse and consistent direction development-cancer pattern associations were established.There was a significant correlation in the inverse patterns,but not consistent direction patterns.展开更多
文摘The objective-scientific conclusions obtained from the researches conducted in various fields of science prove that era and worldview are in unity and are phenomena that determine one another,and era and worldview are the most important phenomena in the understanding of geniuses,historical events,including personalities who have left a mark on the history of politics,and every individual as a whole.And it is appropriate to briefly consider the problem in the context of human and personality factors.It is known that man has tried to understand natural phenomena since the beginning of time.Contact with the material world naturally affects his consciousness and even his subconscious as he solves problems that are important or useful for human life.During this understanding,the worldview changes and is formed.Thus,depending on the material and moral development of all spheres of life,the content and essence of the progress events,as the civilizations replaced each other in different periods,the event of periodization took place and became a system.If we take Europe,the people of the Ice Age of 300,000 years ago,who engaged in hunting to solve their hunger needs,in other words,the age of dinosaurs,have spread to many parts of the world from Africa,where they lived in order to survive and meet more of their daily needs.The extensive integration of agricultural Ice Age People into the Earth included farming,fishing,animal husbandry,hunting,as well as handicrafts,etc.,and has led to the revolutionary development of the fields.As economic activities led these first inhabitants of the planet from caves to less comfortable shelters,then to good houses,then to palaces,labor activities in various occupations,including crafts,developed rapidly.Thus,the fads of the era who differed from the crowd(later this class will be called personalities,geniuses...-Kh.G.)began to appear.If we approach the issue from the point of view of history,we witness that the world view determines the development in different periods.This idea can be expressed in such a way that each period can be considered to have developed or experienced a crisis according to the level of worldview.In this direction of our thoughts,the question arises:So,what is the phenomenon of worldview of this era-XXI century?Based on the general content of the current events,characterized as the globalization stage of the modern world,we can say that the outlook of the historical stage we live in is based on the achievements of the last stage of the industrial revolution.In this article,by analyzing the history of the artificial intelligence system during the world industrial revolutions,we will study both the concept of progress of the industrial revolutions and the progressive and at the same time regressive development of the artificial intelligence system.
文摘Based on field visit and interview,the current situation of snow village in China is summarized from four aspects:core scenic spots in snow village,skiing industry in snow village,film and television industry in snow village,and ice and snow agritainment.The investigation found that there are still significant problems in homogenization,scenic area infrastructure,and government regulation in snow village.Targeted solutions are proposed from four aspects:tapping internal advantages,strengthening top-level design and infrastructure construction,promoting tourism industry upgrading,and collaborating to innovate the ice and snow tourism supply chain,in order to further promote the economic development of snow village.
文摘In this paper, we present a novel approach to model user request patterns in the World Wide Web. Instead of focusing on the user traffic for web pages, we capture the user interaction at the object level of the web pages. Our framework model consists of three sub-models: one for user file access, one for web pages, and one for storage servers. Web pages are assumed to consist of different types and sizes of objects, which are characterized using several categories: articles, media, and mosaics. The model is implemented with a discrete event simulation and then used to investigate the performance of our system over a variety of parameters in our model. Our performance measure of choice is mean response time and by varying the composition of web pages through our categories, we find that our framework model is able to capture a wide range of conditions that serve as a basis for generating a variety of user request patterns. In addition, we are able to establish a set of parameters that can be used as base cases. One of the goals of this research is for the framework model to be general enough that the parameters can be varied such that it can serve as input for investigating other distributed applications that require the generation of user request access patterns.
基金Key Project of China National Natural Science Foundation (42230814,52234002)Research Program Foundation of Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources (China University of Geosciences),Ministry of Education (TPR-2022-17)。
文摘From the perspective of geological zone selection for coalbed methane(CBM) development, the evaluation parameters(covering geological conditions and production conditions) of geological sweetspot for CBM development are determined, and the evaluation index system of geological sweetspot for CBM development is established. On this basis, the fuzzy pattern recognition(FPR) model of geological sweetspot for CBM development is built. The model is applied to evaluate four units of No.3 Coal Seam in the Fanzhuang Block, southern Qinshui Basin, China. The evaluation results are consistent with the actual development effect and the existing research results, which verifies the rationality and reliability of the FPR model. The research shows that the proposed FPR model of geological sweetspot for CBM development does not involve parameter weighting which leads to uncertainties in the results of the conventional models such as analytic hierarchy process and multi-level fuzzy synthesis judgment, and features a simple computation without the construction of multi-level judgment matrix. The FPR model provides reliable results to support the efficient development of CBM.
文摘This study discusses the basic guarantee of the Charter of the United Nations to realize the right to development from the angle of Transforming Our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The concepts regarding the people as the focal point, the dignity, the worth of the human being, as well as larger aspects of freedom, and other basic concepts within the Charter of the United Nations, guide the right direction of action for the realization of the right to development. The purpose and principles of the United Nations establishment in the Charter constitute the basic legal protection of the right to development. Values of peace, international dialogue, and international cooperation show the right path to the realization of the right to development.
基金support of ‘Forest Science&Technology Projects(Project No.S211012L030110)’ provided by Korea Forest Service
文摘The purpose of this study was to classify current forest cover types,and to investigate stand development patterns for natural forests in six areas in northern Baekdudaegan,South Korea.Twenty-eight independent forest communities were aggregated into eight forest cover types by species composition in the overstory of each forest community.The forest cover types were of mixed mesophytic,‘‘others’ ’ deciduous,Quercus mongolica dominant,Q.mongolica pure,Pinus densiflora–Q.mongolica,P.densiflora,Betula ermanii,and Q.mongolica–P.koraiensis.The ecological information was organized by importance value and species diversity for each forest type.Based on the correlation between species diversity index and the abundance of Q.mongolica plus P.densiflora for corresponding forest cover types,we compared the developmental process and approximate successional pathway between each cover type.The P.densiflora forest cover type changes into the P.densiflora–Q.mongolica cover type,followed by the Q.mongolica dominant cover type through continuous invasion of the oak trees.Furthermore,the Q.mongolica pure cover type would spread toward the Q.mongolica dominant cover type with a mixture of various deciduous tree species.The Q.mongolica dominant cover type progresses through the other deciduous cover types to the mixed mesophytic cover type with diversified composition and structure.On the mid to lower slopes,with loamy soils and good moisture conditions,various deciduous forest types should progress,by ecological succession,toward the mixed mesophytic cover type without any further disturbance.
基金"The Economic Contribution and World Influence of China's Development Governance over Four Decades since the Reform and Opening up"(18BJ1003),funded by the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSF),2018"China’s Long-term Economic Development:from the Perspective of Governmental Governance and Institutional Evolution"(14WJL008),a Chinese academic works translation project funded by the National Philosophy and Social Science Fund,2014+1 种基金"A Study on the Role of Governmental Governance in China’s Economic Miracle"(2017BHB016),a general project funded by the Shanghai Municipal Philosophy and Social Science Fund,2017"From Dual Control to Dual Delegation:The Political Economics of the Evolution of Chinese Urban-Rural Economic Relationship"(16SG06),a project funded by the"Dawn"Program of Shanghai Education Commission
文摘This article summarizes a series of valuable accomplishments of China's government in promoting economic development, reducing poverty, maintaining social stability, and increasing people's prosperity since 1949. It summarizes the economic analysis framework of development governance in mainstream economics, and further analyzes the connotations and extensions of the conceptual framework. This paper also summarizes some of the core economic characteristics embodied in China's Reform and Development Governance since the reform, and further explores the necessity and direction of its future modernization and its impacts on different countries and regions in the world.
文摘The year of 2000 is at the turn of the century as well as of the millennium. Themankind waves farewell to the 20th century as well as the second millenniumand welcomes the 21st century and the third millennium. At this special juncture,looking closely at the future based on understanding which was obtained from re-viewing and summarizing the past and present world politics from historical andphilosophical standpoints, we can find that it has become an unavoidable subject onhow to regard the trend of the world pattern toward multi-polarization and respon-sibility adjustment arising from it.
文摘The Northwest Electric Power Design Institute (NWEPDI) located in Xi’an City, Shaanxi Province, China, was established in 1956. There are now 1,742 staff, including 1,234 engineers in more than 30 specialities as follows: thermo-mechanical, coal handling, ash handling, electrical (main and secondary circuits), auxiliary power supply, illumination, I & C, architecture, structure, heating & ventilation, plant general layout, HVAC, water supply & discharge, hydrostructure, chemical water treatment, waste water treatment, technical-economics, construction organization design, environmental impact assessment,
文摘Focused on the lack of proper organization for patterns in the development of pattern based software, a POMSDP model with layered tree structure for organizing patterns during the process of development was put forward. The model and its interrelated concepts were strictly defined and introduced by applying the theory of set, symbolic logic and pattern, which ensures the correctness, maturity and expansibility of the model. The expansibility of the model was discussed mainly. The basic realization and the application in the automatic query system were presented. Based on the existing software development methods, the POMSDP model resolves the problem of chaos in the application of patterns, strengthens the controllability of the system, and facilitates the improvement, maintenance, expansion, and especially the reengineering of the software system.
文摘The fourth industrial revolution of human society is also known as the“world’s new technological revolution,”which has brought human society into the information age and has had an extremely important impact on economic development and educational reform.In the information age,economic development and wealth creation are dominated by the acquisition,mastery,distribution,and utilization of information instead of capital.Therefore,the cultivation of talents is very important,and educational reform is imperative with the rise of the world’s new technological revolution.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3106005)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2021MD122)+1 种基金the MNR Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science and Technology,China(No.MEEST-2023-04)the Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation(No.201708)。
文摘In 2022,Yellow Sea green tide caused by Ulva prolifera reached a historic minimum and the coastal areas of Shandong Peninsula were less affected.However,the largest amount of seaweed biomass has been washed ashore on Lianyungang and Rizhao coasts since 2015.We studied the development pattern of Yellow Sea green tide in 2022,and analyzed the key environmental factors on the growth and drifting,then discussed the possible reasons that resulted in the massive stranding of green tide biomass in Lianyungang and Rizhao.Results show under the combined influence of the east to southeast winds and currents with shoreward anomalies,green tide drifted to the coastal waters between Shandong and Jiangsu provinces and the distribution areas located westward compared with previous years(2008–2021).Floating U.prolifera rafts from the coastal waters of Binhai and Sheyang drifted continuously into the coastal waters of Lianyungang and Rizhao,providing important supplements for Yellow Sea green tide.Because green tide in 2022 distributed close to the coastal waters,the abundant nutrients might support their continuous high growth rate.In addition,the amount of rainfall around Shandong Peninsula from late June to early July were significantly higher than in previous years,which might promote the development of green tide to some extent.
文摘The 12th Sino-German Human Rights Symposium opened today in Beijing. On behalf of the State Council Information Office, I would like to express my warmest con- gratulations on the opening of the forum, extend my welcome to Ms. Herta Daeubler-Gmelin and other German friends and my gratitude to symposium organizers and all participants for your long-term contribution to communication and exchange in human rights between China and Germany.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.T2261129477 and 41971220)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA23070300).
文摘Urban-rural integration (URI) is a global challenge that is highly related to inequalities, poverty, economic growth, and other Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Existing research has evaluated the extent of URI and explored its influencing factors, but urban-rural linkages are seldom incorporated in evaluation systems, and geographical factors are rarely recognized as the influencing factors. We construct a URI framework including regional economy, rural development, urban-rural linkage, and urban-rural gap. Based on a dataset consisting of 1,669 counties in China in 2020, we reveal the spatial pattern of URI and find a high correlation between the spatial pattern of URI and the relief degree of land surface (RDLS). Using structural equation modeling, we discover that topography has direct ( − 0.18, p < 0.001) and indirect ( − 0.17, p < 0.001) effects on URI. The indirect negative effects are mediated through the infrastructure, and the combination of localized advantages and modern technical conditions could mitigate the negative impact of topography. Finally, we identify 742 counties as lagging regions in URI, which can be clustered into eight types. Our findings could facilitate policy designing for those countries striving for integrated and sustainable development of urban and rural areas.
基金Supported by Youth Project of National Social Science Fund of China(22CMZ015)。
文摘"Three new developments"is the guiding ideology of Chinese-style high-quality development in the new era.Jujube(Zizyphus jujube Mill.)is a plant of Zizyphus of Rhamnaceae,which originated in China and has been listed as one of the"five fruits"since ancient times.Xinjiang is the most important jujube producing area in China,and its yield has accounted for 50%of the national jujube yield.In the five prefectures and cities of southern Xinjiang,as well as the regimental farms of southern and eastern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,the jujube industry is an advantageous characteristic industry in agriculture.This paper studied Xinjiang jujube industry and its agricultural intellectual property resources,analyzed six major issues to be further implemented,such as the"three new developments"thinking and the strategy of building an intellectual property power,and puts forward eight strategies such as coordinating the two markets and two resources to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and dual circulation of jujube.
基金Under the auspices of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFD1100101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41771106,41171092)。
文摘The classification of township development types is an urgent problem that requires solution to enable the township to choose an appropriate development path.Using a township development classification method,we determine the township development types and their spatial patterns in Liaoning Province,China.The results showed that the patterns of township development types based on their general advantages had significant spatial differentiations.The planting,and livestock and poultry breeding township development types based on general advantages were mainly distributed across the central plain of Liaoning Province,China,and also concentrated in Dandong City−Dalian City along Yellow Sea coast,and in the northwest of Chaoyang City.The business and tourism,industry and mining,and residence township development types based on general advantages were distributed mainly along the Shenyang–Dalian Economic Belt in the central and southern Liaoning Province.The ecology township development type based on general advantages was mainly distributed in the eastern and western Liaoning Province to maintain regional ecological security.Township development types based on non-advantages were sporadically distributed in the middle and western Liaoning Province.Based on the classification and spatial patterns,the differences between the distribution of twonship development types and the plan for the major functional areas of Liaoning Province were proposed which could provide the basis for the optimization of the major functional areas.
基金Key Project of National Science and Technology Supporting Program, No.2006038053001 Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40535026 Environment Protection and Public Welfare Project of Ministry of Science and Technology, No.08L80370AJ
文摘The issue of China's energy supply security is not only the key problem which af- fects China's rapid and sustainable development in the 21st century, but also the one which international attention focuses on. Based on the notable characteristic of spatial imbalance between energy production and consumption in China, this paper takes the evolution of China's primary energy resources development(excluding hydropower) from 1949 to 2007 as the study object, with the aim to sum up the evolutive characteristics and laws of China's energy resources development in the past nearly 60 years. Then, based on comprehensive considerations of coal's, oil's and natural gas's basic reserves, qualities, geological conditions production status, and ecological service function of every province, this paper adopts development potential index (DP)to evaluate the development potential of every province's en- ergy resources, and divide them into different ranks. Conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) Generally speaking, China's gross energy production was increasing in waves from 1949 to 2007. From the viewpoint of spatial patterns, China's energy resources development has shown a characteristic of "concentrating to the north and central areas, and evolving from linear-shaped to "T-shaped" pattern gradually since 1949. (2) The structure evolution of China's energy resources development in general has shown a trend of "coal proportion is dominant but decreasing, while oil and gas proportions are increasing" since 1949. (3) At the provincial scale, China's energy resources development potential could be divided into large, sub-large, general and small ranks, four in all. In the future, the spatial pattern of China's energy production will evolve from "T-shaped" to "R-shaped pattern". These conclusions will help to clarify the temporal and spatial characteristics and laws of China's energy resources development, and will be beneficial for China to design scientific and rational energy development strategies and plans, coordinate spatial imbalance of energy production and consumption, ensure national energy supply, avoid energy resources waste and disorderly development, and promote regional sustainable development under the globalization back-ground with changeful international energy market.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40131010
文摘With the rapid economic development during the last 30 years in China, more and more disparities have emerged among different regions. It has been one of the hot topics in the fields of physical geography and economic geography, and also has been the task for Chinese government to handle. Nevertheless, to quantitatively assess the impacts of physio-geographical patterns (PGP) on the regional development disparity has been ignored for a long time. In this paper, a quantitative method was adopted to assess the marginal effects of the PGP on spatio-temporal disparity using the partial determination coefficients. The paper described the construction of the evaluation model step by step following its key scientific thinking. Total GDP, per capita GDP, primary industrial output value and secondary industrial output value were employed in this study as the indicators to reflect the impacts of PGP on the regional development disparity. Based on the evaluation methods built by researchers, this study firstly analyzed the temporal impacts of the PGP on spatio-temporal disparity of the regional development in China during the past 50 years, and then explained the spatial differences at each development stage. The results show that the spatio-temporal disparity in China is highly related to the PGP, and that the marginal contribution rate could be employed as an effective way to quantitatively assess the impact of the PGP on spatio-temporal disparity of the regional development.
文摘BACKGROUND As the malignant tumor,pancreatic cancer with a meager 5-years survival rate has been widely concerning.However,the molecular mechanisms that result in malignant transformation of pancreatic cells remain elusive.AIM To investigate the gene expression profiles in normal or malignant transformed pancreas development.METHODS MaSigPro and ANOVA were performed on two pancreas development datasets downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.Six pancreatic cancer datasets collected from TCGA database were used to establish differentially expressed genes related to pancreas development and pancreatic cancer.Moreover,gene clusters with highly similar interpretation patterns between pancreas development and pancreatic cancer progression were established by self-organizing map and singular value decomposition.Additionally,the hypergeometric test was performed to compare the corresponding interpretation patterns.Abnormal regions of metabolic pathway were analyzed using the Subpathway-GM method.RESULTS This study established the continuously upregulated and downregulated genes at different stages in pancreas development and progression of pancreatic cancer.Through analysis of the differentially expressed genes,we established the inverse and consistent direction development-cancer pattern associations.Based on the application of the Subpathway-GM analysis,we established 17 significant metabolic sub-pathways that were closely associated with pancreatic cancer.Of note,the most significant metabolites sub-pathway was related to glycerophospholipid metabolism.CONCLUSION The inverse and consistent direction development-cancer pattern associations were established.There was a significant correlation in the inverse patterns,but not consistent direction patterns.