Modeling of ancillary services market can be described as institutional arrangements for establishing ancillary services management in deregulated electricity market. Models of the national ancillary services markets ...Modeling of ancillary services market can be described as institutional arrangements for establishing ancillary services management in deregulated electricity market. Models of the national ancillary services markets are market models which offer transmission system operator efficient procurement of ancillary services, reducing the system management risk, more competitive electricity market, better utilization of production facilities and complete deregulation of electricity markets. This paper deals with current mode of ancillary services market and potential market development in Croatia. Described models are used for establishing market of ancillary services which should occur in parallel with the electricity market.展开更多
Increasing penetration of distributed energy resources in the distribution network(DN)is threatening safe operation of the DN,which necessitates setup of the ancillary service market in the DN.In the ancillary service...Increasing penetration of distributed energy resources in the distribution network(DN)is threatening safe operation of the DN,which necessitates setup of the ancillary service market in the DN.In the ancillary service market,distribution system operator(DSO)is responsible for safety of the DN by procuring available capacities of aggregators.Unlike existing studies,this paper proposes a novel market mechanism composed of two parts:choice rule and payment rule.The proposed choice rule simultaneously considers social welfare and fairness,encouraging risk-averse aggregators to participate in the ancillary service market.It is then formulated as a linear programming problem,and a distributed solution using the multi-cut Benders decomposition is presented.Moreover,successful implementation of the choice rule depends on each aggregator’s truthful adoption of private parameters.Therefore,a payment rule is also designed,which is proved to possess two properties:incentive compatibility and individual rationality.Simulation results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed choice rule on improving fairness and verify properties of the payment rule.展开更多
In a deregulated Var market, market power issue is more serious than in an energy market since reactive power cannot be transmitted over long distances. This letter designs a multi-timescale Var market framework, wher...In a deregulated Var market, market power issue is more serious than in an energy market since reactive power cannot be transmitted over long distances. This letter designs a multi-timescale Var market framework, where market power that may arise in the hourly-ahead Var support service market due to system configuration deficiency and market structure flaws can be eliminated by day-ahead contract-based Var reserve service market. Settlement of day-ahead Var reserve contract is formulated as a two-stage robust optimization (TSRO) model considering worst case of uncertainty realization and potential market power that may arise in hourly-ahead market. TSRO with integer recourses is then solved by a new column and constraint generation algorithm. Results show a robust Var reserve contract can fully eliminate market power, and prevent suppliers from manipulating market prices.展开更多
经逆变器接入配电网的分布式电源提供有功与无功辅助服务是确保配电网安全经济运行的重要手段。该文同时计及了储能系统、可投切电容电抗器、有载调压变压器分接头、静止无功补偿器调节能力,以储能与网络损耗及弃风弃光最小为目标函数,...经逆变器接入配电网的分布式电源提供有功与无功辅助服务是确保配电网安全经济运行的重要手段。该文同时计及了储能系统、可投切电容电抗器、有载调压变压器分接头、静止无功补偿器调节能力,以储能与网络损耗及弃风弃光最小为目标函数,计及运行约束,基于支路潮流方程构建了部分分布式电源提供辅助服务的多时段二阶段混合整数二阶锥鲁棒优化模型,提出了一种新颖的基于割平面的主、次问题二阶段直接交替迭代求解方法。不同于现有列与约束生成(columns and constraints generation,CCG)算法,该方法求解主问题时无需增加新的变量与约束条件,求解次问题时,只需针对每个时段进行求解,因此极大降低了求解复杂度与计算机内存。若求解结果不满足二阶锥精确凸松弛条件,则构建二阶段混合整数序列二阶锥鲁棒优化模型,依然能够快速求解,且可恢复出原问题的精确解。最后,采用2个仿真实例验证了所提出方法的性能。IEEE 123节点配电网的仿真结果表明,该方法计算速度是CCG算法的12~22倍。该方法可为含高比例间歇性分布式电源配电网鲁棒优化运行提供实时快速分析与求解工具,提高新能源就地消纳能力。展开更多
The high penetration of distributed renewable energy raises a higher concern for the safe and economic operation of the smart grid. Distributed batteries equipped in demand-side can not only contribute to the reliabil...The high penetration of distributed renewable energy raises a higher concern for the safe and economic operation of the smart grid. Distributed batteries equipped in demand-side can not only contribute to the reliability and security of the grid, but also make profits by participating in the electricity market, especially when distributed batteries are combined and operated by an aggregator.Considering the well-operated mechanism of performance based regulation(PBR) in the U.S. electricity market, it becomes increasingly lucrative for batteries to participate not only in energy markets for energy arbitrage, but also in ancillary service markets to provide regulation and peakload shaving services. In this study, distributed batteries are operated and coordinated by the aggregator, which simultaneously submits offers to the energy and the ancillary service markets as an individual entity. An optimaldecision model is formulated for the aggregator to determine the operation and bidding strategy for the distributed batteries by considering the characteristics of batteries,including the terms of capacity, efficiency and degradation cost. Finally, a numerical case is conducted to evaluate the benefits of the decision model.展开更多
文摘Modeling of ancillary services market can be described as institutional arrangements for establishing ancillary services management in deregulated electricity market. Models of the national ancillary services markets are market models which offer transmission system operator efficient procurement of ancillary services, reducing the system management risk, more competitive electricity market, better utilization of production facilities and complete deregulation of electricity markets. This paper deals with current mode of ancillary services market and potential market development in Croatia. Described models are used for establishing market of ancillary services which should occur in parallel with the electricity market.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52177077).
文摘Increasing penetration of distributed energy resources in the distribution network(DN)is threatening safe operation of the DN,which necessitates setup of the ancillary service market in the DN.In the ancillary service market,distribution system operator(DSO)is responsible for safety of the DN by procuring available capacities of aggregators.Unlike existing studies,this paper proposes a novel market mechanism composed of two parts:choice rule and payment rule.The proposed choice rule simultaneously considers social welfare and fairness,encouraging risk-averse aggregators to participate in the ancillary service market.It is then formulated as a linear programming problem,and a distributed solution using the multi-cut Benders decomposition is presented.Moreover,successful implementation of the choice rule depends on each aggregator’s truthful adoption of private parameters.Therefore,a payment rule is also designed,which is proved to possess two properties:incentive compatibility and individual rationality.Simulation results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed choice rule on improving fairness and verify properties of the payment rule.
文摘In a deregulated Var market, market power issue is more serious than in an energy market since reactive power cannot be transmitted over long distances. This letter designs a multi-timescale Var market framework, where market power that may arise in the hourly-ahead Var support service market due to system configuration deficiency and market structure flaws can be eliminated by day-ahead contract-based Var reserve service market. Settlement of day-ahead Var reserve contract is formulated as a two-stage robust optimization (TSRO) model considering worst case of uncertainty realization and potential market power that may arise in hourly-ahead market. TSRO with integer recourses is then solved by a new column and constraint generation algorithm. Results show a robust Var reserve contract can fully eliminate market power, and prevent suppliers from manipulating market prices.
文摘经逆变器接入配电网的分布式电源提供有功与无功辅助服务是确保配电网安全经济运行的重要手段。该文同时计及了储能系统、可投切电容电抗器、有载调压变压器分接头、静止无功补偿器调节能力,以储能与网络损耗及弃风弃光最小为目标函数,计及运行约束,基于支路潮流方程构建了部分分布式电源提供辅助服务的多时段二阶段混合整数二阶锥鲁棒优化模型,提出了一种新颖的基于割平面的主、次问题二阶段直接交替迭代求解方法。不同于现有列与约束生成(columns and constraints generation,CCG)算法,该方法求解主问题时无需增加新的变量与约束条件,求解次问题时,只需针对每个时段进行求解,因此极大降低了求解复杂度与计算机内存。若求解结果不满足二阶锥精确凸松弛条件,则构建二阶段混合整数序列二阶锥鲁棒优化模型,依然能够快速求解,且可恢复出原问题的精确解。最后,采用2个仿真实例验证了所提出方法的性能。IEEE 123节点配电网的仿真结果表明,该方法计算速度是CCG算法的12~22倍。该方法可为含高比例间歇性分布式电源配电网鲁棒优化运行提供实时快速分析与求解工具,提高新能源就地消纳能力。
基金supported by Major International (Regional) Joint Research Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51620105007)Scientific Research Project of Guangdong Electric Power Research Institute
文摘The high penetration of distributed renewable energy raises a higher concern for the safe and economic operation of the smart grid. Distributed batteries equipped in demand-side can not only contribute to the reliability and security of the grid, but also make profits by participating in the electricity market, especially when distributed batteries are combined and operated by an aggregator.Considering the well-operated mechanism of performance based regulation(PBR) in the U.S. electricity market, it becomes increasingly lucrative for batteries to participate not only in energy markets for energy arbitrage, but also in ancillary service markets to provide regulation and peakload shaving services. In this study, distributed batteries are operated and coordinated by the aggregator, which simultaneously submits offers to the energy and the ancillary service markets as an individual entity. An optimaldecision model is formulated for the aggregator to determine the operation and bidding strategy for the distributed batteries by considering the characteristics of batteries,including the terms of capacity, efficiency and degradation cost. Finally, a numerical case is conducted to evaluate the benefits of the decision model.