电动汽车峰谷分时电价时段充电优化模型

利用峰谷分时电价引导电动汽车用户进行有序充电,在减小大规模电动汽车接入电网对其造成的影响的同时,还能减小电网峰谷差。在得到电动汽车充电负荷的基础上,通过实际案例验证了电价时段和响应度对充电负荷曲线的影响;进而构建以电网负荷峰谷差最小所对应的峰谷电价时段为目标的优化模型,利用粒子群算法进行优化求解;通过算例分析验证了该模型的有效性。

稀土铈掺杂纳米Pd粒子的制备及催化性能

以Pd、Ce为原料 ,用电弧等离子体法制备了纳米复合粉体。用TEM、XRD、SEM及等离子体发射光谱等方法研究其结构和组成。采用机械方法将纳米PdCe加载到γ Al2 O3载体表面上制成负载型纳米催化剂 ,以CO氧化反应为探针测试其催化活性 ,结果表明 ,纳米PdCe催化剂具有很好的催化活性。

Local Geometric Proof of Riemann Conjecture

Riemann hypothesis (RH) is a difficult problem. So far one doesn’t know how to go about it. Studying ζ and using analysis method likely are two incor-rect guides. Actually, a unique hope may study Riemann function , , by geometric analysis, which has the symmetry: v=0 if β=0, and basic expression . We show that |u| is single peak in each root-interval of u for fixed β ∈(0,1/2]. Using the slope ut, we prove that v has opposite signs at two end-points of Ij. There surely exists an inner point such that , so {|u|,|v|/β} form a local peak-valley structure, and have positive lower bound in Ij. Because each t must lie in some Ij, then ||ξ|| > 0 is valid for any t (i.e. RH is true). Using the positivity of Lagarias (1999), we show the strict monotone for β > β0 ≥ 0 , and the peak-valley structure is equiva-lent to RH, which may be the geometric model expected by Bombieri (2000). This research follows Liuhui’s methodology: “Computing can detect the un-known and method”.

Geometric Proof of Riemann Conjecture

This paper proves Riemann conjecture (RH), i.e., that all the zeros in critical region of Riemann ξ -function lie on symmetric line σ =1/2 . Its proof is based on two important properties: the symmetry and alternative oscillation for ξ = u + iv . Denote . Riemann proved that u is real and v ≡ 0 for β =0 (the symmetry). We prove that the zeros of u and v for β > 0 are alternative, so u (t,0) is the single peak. A geometric model was proposed. is called the root-interval of u (t,β) , if |u| > 0 is inside Ij and u = 0 is at its two ends. If |u (t,β)| has only one peak on each Ij, which is called the single peak, else called multiple peaks (it will be proved that the multiple peaks do not exist). The important expressions of u and v for β > 0 were derived. By , the peak u (t,β) will develop toward its convex direction. Besides, ut (t,β) has opposite signs at two ends t = tj , tj+1 of Ij , also does, then there exists some inner point t′ such that v (t′,β) = 0. Therefore {|u|,|v|/β} in Ij form a peak-valley structure such that has positive lower bound independent of t ∈ Ij (i.e. RH holds in Ij ). As u (t,β) does not have the finite condensation point (unless u = const.), any finite t surely falls in some Ij , then holds for any t (RH is proved). Our previous paper “Local geometric proof of Riemann conjecture” (APM, V.10:8, 2020) has two defects, this paper has amended these defects and given a complete proof of RH.

高油价将激活汽车用铝

发达国家在汽车及其他交通运输工具方面的铝消费量已达其铝消费总量的1/3左右,而我国在这面的铝消费量还不到15%。随着高油价时代的到来以及环境保护的迫切要求,必将大大促进铝在我国汽工业中的应用。

Chemical surface tuning of zinc metal anode toward stable,dendrite-less aqueous zinc-ion batteries

The commercialization of Zn batteries is confronted with urgent challenges in the metal anode,such as dendrite formation,capacity loss,and cracking or dissolution.Here,surface interfacial engineering of the Zn anode is introduced for achieving safety and dendritic-free cycling for high-performance aqueous Zn batteries through a simple but highly effective chemical etching-substitution method.The chemical modification induces a rough peak-valley surface with a thin fluorine-rich interfacial layer on the Zn anode surface,which regulates the growth orientation via guiding uniform Zn plating/stripping,significantly enhances accessibility to aqueous electrolytes and improves wettability by reducing surface energy.As a result,such a synergetic surface effect enables uniform Zn plating/stripping with low polarization of 29 m V at a current density of 0.5 m A cm^(-2) with stable cyclic performance up to 1000 h.Further,a full cell composed of a fluorine-substituted Zn anode coupled with aβ-MnO_(2)or Ba-V_(6)O_(13)cathode demonstrates improved capacity retention to 1000 cycles compared to the pristine-Zn cells.The proposed valley deposition model provides the practical direction of surface-modified interfacial chemistries for improving the electrochemical properties of multivalent metal anodes via surface tuning.

Design and Fabrication of Novel Dual-Base Negative-Differential-Resistance Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor

Based on planar Si dual-base transistor conception, a novel mesa dual-base heterojunc- tion bipolar transistor ( HBT) is designed and fabricated. Molecule beam extension. selective wet chemical etching, common contact photolithography and metal lift-off technique are adopted in the process. The device has particular and distinct voltage-controlled negative differential resistance (NDR) and photo-controlled NDR. The highest peak-to-vally current rate of the voltage-controlled NDR is larger than 148 and the peak current varies with the increase of collector voltage. The device features high speed and high frequency characteristics derived from HBT and intrinsic bistability and self-latching characteristics due to NDR. A single dual-base HBT can be seen as an integration of NDR device, HBT and photoconductive device. Compared with common HBT.the groove is the key factor producing NDR.

The Symmetry of Riemann <i>ξ</i>-Function

To prove RH, studying ζ and using pure analysis method likely are two kinds of the incorrect guide. Actually, a unique hope may study Riemann function by geometric analysis, which has the symmetry: v = 0 if β = 0, and Assume that |u| is single peak in each root-interval of u for any fixed β ∈ (0,1/2], using the slope ut of the single peak, we prove that v has opposite signs at two end-points of Ij, there surely is an inner point so that v = 0, so {|u|,|v|/β}form a local peak-valley structure, and have positive lower bound in Ij. Because each t must lie in some Ij , then ||ξ|| > 0 is valid for any t. In this way, the summation process of ξ is avoided. We have proved the main theorem: Assume that u (t, β) is single peak, then RH is valid for any . If using the equivalence of Lagarias (1999), the assumption of single peak can be canceled. Therefore our new thinking is that we have found the local peak-valley structure of ξ, which may be the geometry structure expected by Bombieri (2000), and proposed a basic framework of proving RH by geometric analysis.

景德镇名人名作艺术陶瓷价格评价体系研究

基于景德镇名人名作艺术陶瓷价格混乱的现象,剖析了价格混乱的缘由,提出了影响价格的关键构成因素,继而进一步探讨、研究如何搭建价格评价体系,完善景德镇名人名作艺术陶瓷市场规范管理平台。

固定总价施工承包合同项目管理重点探析

文章依托贵阳至都匀高速公路工程,从设计、审核、技术准备、施工准备、施工控制、进度控制及成本控制等方面阐述了固定总价施工承包合同项目管理的重点内容,为今后类似模式的工程项目管理提供借鉴。

Fabricating PdCe/OMS-2 catalysts with boosted low-temperature activity for toluene deep degradation

Porous cryptomelane-type octahedral molecular sieve(OMS-2)with mixed Mn valence and abundant lattice oxygen species has attracted much attention in volatile organic compounds(VOC)catalytic elimination.However,complete conversion of arene over OMS-2 catalysts at relatively low temperature is still a challenge due to its limited crystal structure and inferior stability.Here,a series of PdCe/OMS-2 catalysts with different Pd/Ce molar ratios was fabricated by a facile impregnation method and the physicochemical properties of which were extensively characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HR-TEM),B runauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)method,X-ray fluorescence(XRF),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),temperature programmed reduction of H2(H2-TPR),Raman,In situ diffused reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectra(DRIFTS),and density functional theory(DFT)calculations.Results show that the total conversion of toluene can be achieved at 207℃ over PdCe2 with apparent activation energy as low as 62.6 kJ/mol.The strong synergistic effect between Pd and Ce remarkably boosts the catalytic activity of OMS-2,attributed to the abundant Mn^(3+)-O bands and active surface oxygen species.DFT results reveal that oxygen vacancy can be formed over PdCe2 much easily than that of Pd/OMS-2 and Ce/OMS-2 with the oxygen vacancy formation energy of2.42,2.83 and 2.68 eV,respectively.Simply increasing the Pd content cannot promote the catalytic activity although PdO is a critical active center in toluene oxidation.Oxygen vacancy attributed to the integrative effect of Pd,Ce and Mn species plays a promine nt role over prepared catalysts in toluene activation process.The findings reported in this work showed new insights into the designing of highly efficient OMS-2catalysts for VOC deep oxidation by tuning oxygen vacancy concentration.

电极配置及参数对多孔电极电除尘器电场与除尘性能影响研究

工业电除尘器受反电晕、微细颗粒捕集效率低等因素影响使超低排放运行过程不稳定,故采用开孔式收尘极板并优化极配形式与参数以减缓上述问题发生,并保证电除尘器高效稳定运行。通过COMSOL Multiphysics模拟试验研究了不同同极间距、线距、板形、线形对电场与除尘性能的影响。结果表明:500 mm同极间距利于高比电阻粉尘捕集。最佳线距处于同极间距的0.5~1倍范围内,此时板表面平均电流密度最大。4种多孔板结构对反电晕现象均有一定的减缓作用,错孔板结构收尘场强最大,除尘性能最优;空腔内增加极板对0.01~0.1μm微细颗粒物捕集效率提升16%。4种线形中,新型鱼骨线除尘性能优于其他线形,采用错孔式收尘极板与新型鱼骨线相配时,除尘区域内收尘场强最佳,颗粒物理论有效驱进速度较其他极配形式提升47%,减少了电除尘器的投资成本和运行费用。该研究结果可为多孔电极电除尘器在超低排放设计应用中提供参考。

我国大宗农产品进口价差变动与调控空间

针对近年来我国大宗农产品价格调控面临"价差扩大引发进口激增"和"农民增收要求继续提价"的两难局面,通过构建进口压力系数及价差对比等方法,分析了我国大宗农产品国内外价格变化趋势及调控空间。结果表明,我国大宗农产品国内外价差逐步扩大,进口压力不断增加,进口压力系数与净进口呈正相关关系,且均呈快速增长趋势;棉花和食糖已经没有进口配额调控空间,而大米、玉米、小麦的进口配额调控空间逐渐变小;小麦尚有一定的价格调控空间,大米、玉米的价格调控空间不大,而食糖、棉花和大豆基本已失去价格调控空间。因此,在边境保护基本失效的情况下必须调整我国现有的大宗农产品价格干预政策,探索农民收入保障和价格干预相分离的调控体系。

An optimization strategy of controlled electric vehicle charging considering demand side response and regional wind and photovoltaic

Renewable energy,such as wind and photovoltaic(PV),produces intermittent and variable power output.When superimposed on the load curve,it transforms the load curve into a‘load belt’,i.e.a range.Furthermore,the large scale development of electric vehicle(EV)will also have a significant impact on power grid in general and load characteristics in particular.This paper aims to develop a controlled EV charging strategy to optimize the peak-valley difference of the grid when considering the regional wind and PV power outputs.The probabilistic model of wind and PV power outputs is developed.Based on the probabilistic model,the method of assessing the peak-valley difference of the stochastic load curve is put forward,and a two-stage peak-valley price model is built for controlled EV charging.On this basis,an optimization model is built,in which genetic algorithms are used to determine the start and end time of the valley price,as well as the peak-valley price.Finally,the effectiveness and rationality of the method are proved by the calculation result of the example.

Actual wellbore tortuosity evaluation using a new quasi-three-dimensional approach

The irregular wellbore trajectory caused by the wellbore deviation and fluctuation makes a significant effect on the torque and drag in extending and direction drilling,especially for wellbore trajectory with obvious deviation in the drilling direction.As a consequence,a new quasi-three-dimensional wellbore tortuosity evaluation method is developed.The new method incorporates the effect of fluctuation frequency and amplitude of oscillating wellbore trajectory;a weight coefficient index that quantifies the effect of tortuosity of one segment trajectory to the entire trajectory;a‘Peak-Valley’principle that can decompose the irregular wellbore trajectory in various scale lengths.The studies show that the deflection angle between the segments of tortuous wellbore increases the torque and drag by strengthening the contact behaviors between the drillstring and borehole.Therefore,the deflection angle is introduced to quantify the effect of deviation in the drilling direction on wellbore tortuosity.The evaluation results of two field cases demonstrate the new method which is adapted to the wellbore trajectory fluctuating with various characteristics and can reflect the actual state of wellbore tortuosity with severe oscillation more effectively and accurately.