Adolescent suicide risk factors and the integration of socialemotional skills in school-based prevention programs

Adolescents are considered one of the most vulnerable groups affected by suicide.Rapid changes in adolescents’physical and mental states,as well as in their lives,significantly and undeniably increase the risk of suicide.Psychological,social,family,individual,and environmental factors are important risk factors for suicidal behavior among teenagers and may contribute to suicide risk through various direct,indirect,or combined pathways.Social-emotional learning is considered a powerful intervention measure for addressing the crisis of adolescent suicide.When deliberately cultivated,fostered,and enhanced,selfawareness,self-management,social awareness,interpersonal skills,and responsible decision-making,as the five core competencies of social-emotional learning,can be used to effectively target various risk factors for adolescent suicide and provide necessary mental and interpersonal support.Among numerous suicide intervention methods,school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence have shown great potential in preventing and addressing suicide risk factors in adolescents.The characteristics of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence,including their appropriateness,necessity,cost-effectiveness,comprehensiveness,and effectiveness,make these interventions an important means of addressing the crisis of adolescent suicide.To further determine the potential of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence and better address the issue of adolescent suicide,additional financial support should be provided,the combination of socialemotional learning and other suicide prevention programs within schools should be fully leveraged,and cooperation between schools and families,society,and other environments should be maximized.These efforts should be considered future research directions.

Suicide risk in juvenile open angle glaucoma patients

AIM:To investigate the association between juvenile open angle glaucoma(JOAG)and mental health among Koreans.METHODS:This study used nationally representative data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES)2021.Glaucoma diagnosis followed the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology criteria based on glaucomatous structural defects,visual field defects,corrected vision,and intraocular pressure.As outcomes,suicidal behaviors,psychiatric counseling,and depression were evaluated through mental health questionnaires.Odds ratios(ORs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were estimated using logistic regression models,adjusting for covariates.RESULTS:Among 7090 participants,3446 met the inclusion criteria for analysis,and 88(2.6%)were diagnosed with open angle glaucoma(OAG).After adjusting for age,sex,and best-corrected visual acuity(VA),participants with OAG were revealed to have significantly higher odds of suicidal behaviors(i.e.,ideation,planning,or attempts)compared with those without OAG(OR:2.70;95%CI:1.12-6.54;P=0.028).This association remained significant after further adjustments for socioeconomic status,lifestyle factors,and presence of chronic conditions(P=0.031 and 0.035,respectively).However,there was no significant difference for the other two outcomes,psychiatric counseling and depression.An age-stratified analysis revealed a stronger association between OAG and suicidal behaviors in younger JOAG participants(<40y)than in older OAG participants(≥40y;OR:3.80 vs 2.22;95%CI:0.79-18.22 vs 0.56-8.80,respectively).CONCLUSION:OAG patients show a higher risk of suicidal behaviors than those without glaucoma particularly in JOAG patients.

Suicide Ideation and Its Associated Factors among Men in Selected Compounds of Lusaka, Zambia

Background: Globally, it is estimated that more than 800,000 individuals die by suicide each year, making suicide one of the biggest causes of death worldwide. Additionally, suicide kills far more males than women, more so in developing regions that are characterized by economic distress due to low income. Although the number of suicide cases has been seen to increase from 2013 to date, limited studies provide information on the factors influencing the trend. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the prevalence of suicidal ideation and factors associated with suicide in males in selected compounds of Lusaka. Methods: The study used an analytical quantitative cross- sectional study design that involved 367 men in Mtendere and Kaunda Square townships in Lusaka district, Zambia. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from participants, which was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0. The Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test and Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to test relationships among variables at a five percent level of significance. Ethical approval and clearance was obtained from the National Health Research Authority. Results: Participants had a median age of 29 years (IQR, 27 - 32 years), 216 (58.9%) were single and 278 (75.8%) attained tertiary education. Under a quarter, 75 (20.4%) reported suicide ideations, and 97 (26.4%) reported low social support. For most participants, 347 (94.7%) experienced at least one stressful life event, and 359 (97.8%) experienced severe levels of stress. Under half, 170 (46.3%) were alcohol dependent, while 54 (14.7%) used alcohol harmfully. Suicide ideation was significantly associated with marital status (p Conclusion: Suicide ideation is relatively high among men in Mtendere and Kaunda Square townships, mainly influenced by marital status, education level, social support, stressful events alcohol abuse. Efforts must be channeled towards suicide awareness campaigns, and establishment of supportive environments in health facilities which can make it easy for men to open up about their struggles.

Suicide in Digestive System Cancers: A Scoping Review

Digestive system cancers are important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Cancer patients are more likely to commit suicide.The objective of this scoping review is to provide a comprehensive and updated summary of the existing literature on suicide among patients with digestive system cancers to identify the incidence and risk factors relevant to suicide in these populations.The PRISMA-Scr(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension protocol for scoping reviews)protocol was used.The review was based on relevant articles published prior to January 2022 in databases of Web of Science and PubMed.The authors identified 21 records that met the criteria for inclusion.Among the 21 articles,18(n=85.7%)reported suicide risk factors,21(n=100%)evaluated the incidence of suicide and 16(n=76.2%)involved the variation in suicide rates.Only one study comprehensively reported that the suicide rate for this population was 32.8 per 100,000 years and the standardized mortality ratio(SMR)was 1.91.Most suicides occurred in patients with pancreatic,esophageal,and gastric cancers.The factors associated with suicide in digestive system cancers included male gender,older age,the white race,single status,advanced stage of disease,and cancer metastasis.The most critical time for suicide was in the early post-diagnostic period.It is indispensable to identify suicide in these cancer patients,especially those with high-risk factors.In the future,more prospective research may be needed to provide more reliable support and care to prevent suicide.

Lethal means and suicide prevention among military veterans

Dear Editor,Suicide amongst the military veteran population is a significant publichealthproblemintheUnitedStates.TheNational VeteranSuicidePreventionAnnualReportrevealedthat6261 died by suicide in 2019[1]. The lingering effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may account for an increase in veteran suicide rates[1].

Suicide Attempts in a General Hospital: A Case-Control

Objective: This study aims is to conduct a comparative analysis of the clinical and sociodemographic profiles of individuals referred to Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry (CLP) at a tertiary general hospital, specifically focusing on those seeking assistance due to suicide attempts (TS) versus CLP requests for other reasons (non-TS) between the years 2010 and 2020. Additionally, we aim to assess factors associated with suicide attempts. Method: This retrospective controlled study involves a thorough examination of medical records encompassing 3913 patients who received CLP services at the Hospital de Base (HB) and the Children and Maternity Hospital (HCM) of São José do Rio Preto Medical School Foundation (Funfarme) from June 2010 to June 2020. The patient cohort is categorized into two groups: those with requests for SA (n = 677) and those with requests for other reasons. Results: In the SA group, as opposed to the non SA group, statistically significant differences were observed for gender (predominantly female), employment status (employed), marital status (single), and age (younger). Notably, a higher prevalence of psychiatric antecedents (88.7%, n = 555 vs. 73.6% n = 2018) was found in the SA group, indicating a significant association. The frequency of SA requests remained stable over the years. Among the SA group, mood disorders were the most prevalent (39%, n = 372), followed by disorders related to substance use (21.2%, n = 202), and personality disorders (16%, n = 152). A history of previous suicide attempts emerged as a crucial factor for the recurrence of SA (p-value ≤ 0.001). Exogenous intoxication emerged as the most frequently employed method in attempts (79.6%, n = 539), particularly prevalent among patients diagnosed with mood disorders (41%, n = 314). A significant association was observed between the method of attempt and the nosological psychiatric diagnosis (χ2 = 42.277;p ≤ 0.001). Regarding outcomes, the majority of patients were referred for outpatient follow-up (23%, n = 336) in specialized mental health services or at the Primary Healthcare Unit, highlighting the general hospital’s pivotal role in integrating patients into the broader healthcare network. Conclusion: Variables such as gender (female), age group (young adults), and psychiatric history exhibited stronger associations with suicide attempts compared to the group assisted by CLP for other reasons. Furthermore, a noteworthy correlation between the method employed and the psychiatric diagnosis was identified.

Mental health implications of suicide rates in South Africa

Mental health challenges are a severe issue that could lead to suicide if not properly addressed.South Africa has a significant burden of mental health issues,which contributes to the soaring rate of suicide.Adequate mental health-care provision could reduce the high suicide rate in South Africa.Since the apartheid regime,the country has made a series of efforts to improve mental health.This study aimed to review and examine available literature on mental health and suicide issues in South Africa and demonstrate the policy implications.This study adopted a narrative review approach.Electronic databases(PubMed,Scilit,Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar)were used to identify published articles in the English language with crucial search terms that included mental health,South African mental health policy,South Africa,suicide and policy.Literature suggests that at the provincial level,there are no adequate mental health policies,and the implementation of the country’s mental health policy is faced with many challenges,such as a shortage of professionals and finances.The review also showed that task sharing and counselling have been pilot-tested and shown to be effective methods for the prevention of mental illness and promotion of positive mental health.This study concludes that the mental health treatment gap still exists in South Africa,and this needs to be tackled using effective,multi-level counselling interventions and policy initiatives.Adequate mental health-care provision and effective implementation of mental health policy could reduce the high rate of suicide in South Africa.

大学生自杀行为影响因素的分类决策树分析

为了识别大学生自杀行为的风险和保护因素。对在校大学生实施感恩问卷、自我控制双系统量表、自杀问卷及人口学信息调查,获得有效数据11288份,进行分类决策树分析。结果显示:大学生近一年内自杀意念发生率17.1%,近半年内自杀行为发生率3.8%。分类决策树分析发现,自杀意念为根节点,感恩、冲动、控制、家庭阶层、是否独生均为重要的子节点(AUC=0.959)。结论:自杀意念是大学生自杀行为最重要的近端风险因素,冲动为中端风险因素,感恩特质和适度控制分别为远端保护因素;低社会家庭阶层、中高阶层家庭的非独生子女大学生由自杀意念转变自杀行为的风险较高。

知觉压力与大学生自杀意念:心理复原力和抑郁的链式中介作用

目的探讨知觉压力与自杀意念的关系,并探究心理复原力和抑郁在其中的中介作用。方法采用知觉压力量表、大学生复原力量表、贝克抑郁量表和自杀意念量表对875名大学生进行调查。结果①知觉压力与抑郁、自杀意念呈显著正相关,与心理复原力呈显著负相关;②知觉压力不能直接影响大学生自杀意念,但能通过3条间接路径对自杀意念产生影响:心理复原力的单独中介作用、抑郁的单独中介作用以及心理复原力和抑郁的链式中介作用。结论心理复原力和抑郁在知觉压力与大学生自杀意念的关系中间起链式中介作用。

积极反刍思维训练对青少年伴非自杀性自伤行为抑郁症患者情绪调节策略的影响

目的:探讨积极反刍思维训练对青少年抑郁症患者非自杀性自伤行为(NSSI)及情绪调节策略的干预效果。方法:纳入南京脑科医院2021年3月至2022年6月有NSSI青少年抑郁症患者167例,按随机数字表法分为对照组(n=84)和干预组(n=83)。对照组实施精神科常规治疗及护理;干预组除常规治疗护理措施外,实施积极反刍思维训练。采用SPSS22.0对数据进行统计分析,采用t检验比较差异,计算Cohen’s D值估计差异效应量。结果:干预后干预组积极反刍思维、情感表达、自我负强化、表达抑制、认知重评策略分量表得分与对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),情感表达、自我负强化、认知重评分量表Cohen’s D值达到中等效应(0.5≤D≤0.8);干预后3个月,干预组各量表分与对照组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),Cohen’s D值均有提升,认知重评策略分量表达到较大效应(D>0.8),积极反刍思维、情感表达、利己社交、自我负强化、表达抑制分量表达到中等效应(0.5≤D≤0.8),消极反刍思维分量表减分值效应较小(0.2≤D≤0.5)。结论:积极反刍思维训练有利于改善青少年抑郁症患者情绪调节策略,减少非自杀性自伤行为,且随着时间推移,效应逐步提升。

青少年抑郁症非自杀性自伤行为的影响因素

目的分析青少年抑郁症与非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury,NSSI)行为的关系及预防对策。方法114例2021年1月-2023年1月南通市第一人民医院收治的青少年抑郁症患者,依据是否伴有NSSI分为伴有NSSI组(59例)和不伴有NSSI组(55例)。统计青少年抑郁症患者NSSI的单因素,并分析其高危因素。结果伴有NSSI组与不伴有NSSI组有无焦虑、抑郁程度、有无童年家庭功能不全、有无童年虐待、是否受过校园欺凌比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);有焦虑、重度抑郁、有童年家庭功能不全、有童年虐待、受过校园欺凌是青少年抑郁症患者NSSI的独立高危因素(P<0.05)。结论青少年抑郁症患者NSSI的高危因素包括有焦虑、重度抑郁、有童年家庭功能不全、有童年虐待、受过校园欺凌等,临床可据此给予青少年抑郁症患者针对性预防对策,以减少青少年抑郁症患者NSSI的发生。

青少年非自杀性自伤患者自杀未遂与HPT轴和HPA轴功能改变的研究

目的探讨伴非自杀性自伤(non-suicidal self-injury,NSSI)行为的青少年心境障碍患者发生自杀未遂(suicide attempt,SA)与下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺(hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid,HPT)轴功能和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal,HPA)轴功能改变的相关性。方法选取2020年12月至2022年5月在首都医科大学附属北京安定医院住院的近1年有NSSI史的13~19岁青少年心境障碍患者进行横断面调查,根据近一年是否存在SA将患者分为非SA组和SA组。根据SA发生的时间段(1个月)将SA组患者分为近期SA和既往SA。收集患者临床特征、甲状腺功能[游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(free triiodothyronine,FT3)、游离甲状腺素(free thyroxine,FT4)、总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(total triiodothyronine,TT3)、总甲状腺素(total thyroxine,TT4)、促甲状腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH)]及促肾上腺皮质激素(adrenocorticotropin,ACTH)、皮质醇(cortisol,CORT)水平。采用多因素Logistic回归分析SA的影响因素。结果共入组79例伴NSSI青少年心境障碍患者,其中49例(62.03%)发生SA,其中29例(59.18%)患者为近1个月内发生SA。单因素分析显示,SA组和非SA组患者在首次发病年龄、性别、教育水平方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。近期SA组患者和既往SA组患者在年龄、TSH、ACTH水平存在差异(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,女性(P=0.027,OR=2.941,95%CI:1.131~7.649)是患者发生SA的独立危险因素,ACTH水平降低(P=0.043,OR=1.019,95%CI:1.001~1.037)是近期发生SA的相关因素。结论女性伴NSSI青少年心境障碍患者易发生SA,ACTH水平低是近期发生SA的危险因素。

抑郁症自杀行为发生机制及预测研究新进展

自杀是个体蓄意或自愿采取各种手段结束自己生命的行为。全球年自杀病死率约为16/100000,即每年大约有703000人死于自杀,是人类死亡的首位原因。自杀多发生于精神疾病患者中,最常见的为抑郁症。研究抑郁症自杀行为发生的机制对于制定从自杀意念到自杀行为的预防措施可提供重要的数据支持。自杀行为发生的相关因素包括社会、心理、生物遗传等多种相关因素,本文旨在针对抑郁症自杀行为的生物学机制包括与自杀行为相关的磁共振研究、与自杀行为相关的神经认知研究、机器学习、生态瞬时评价及数字表型研究进展进行综述,以期为开发自杀风险早期识别指标提供借鉴。

伴自杀意念的高中生失眠与非自杀性自伤行为的关系:焦虑情绪的作用路径

背景自杀意念是非自杀性自伤(NSSI)行为的敏感预测指标,NSSI行为深刻影响着高中生心身健康。现有研究对一般人群的失眠、焦虑以及NSSI行为的关系进行了探索,但关于伴自杀意念的高中生NSSI行为的内部作用机制有待进一步研究。目的探讨伴自杀意念的高中生的焦虑情绪在失眠与NSSI行为之间的作用路径,为高中生NSSI行为的干预提供参考。方法于2021年12月10日—15日,采用整群抽样,选取湖北省三所高中的2572名高中生为研究对象。采用失眠严重程度指数量表(ISI)、广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)以及青少年自我伤害问卷进行调查。采用Spearman相关分析考查伴自杀意念的高中生各量表评分的相关性。采用SPSS 20.0插件Process 4.2中的模型4检验焦虑情绪在失眠与NSSI行为之间的作用路径。结果共回收有效问卷2421份(94.13%)。检出存在自杀意念者554人(22.88%),存在NSSI行为者408人(16.85%)。伴自杀意念的高中生ISI评分、GAD-7评分和青少年自我伤害问卷评分均高于无自杀意念的高中生(Z=17.124、20.611、21.314,P均<0.01)。相关分析结果显示,伴自杀意念的高中生ISI评分与GAD-7评分和青少年自我伤害问卷评分均呈正相关(r=0.646、0.354,P均<0.01),GAD-7评分与青少年自我伤害问卷评分呈正相关(r=0.375,P<0.01)。伴自杀意念的高中生的焦虑情绪是失眠与NSSI行为之间的作用路径,间接效应值为0.111(95%CI:0.053~0.185),占总效应的53.88%。结论伴自杀意念的高中生的失眠情况既能直接影响NSSI行为,又能通过焦虑情绪间接影响其NSSI行为。

抑郁症患者自杀观念与血清炎症因子和代谢指标的相关性

目的:探索抑郁症患者自杀观念与血清代谢指标及炎症因子的相关性。方法:纳入2020年5月至2022年8月在我院精神心理科住院的首发抑郁症患者119例,根据汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamil-ton depression scale,HAMD)条目3“自杀”(H3)的评分进行分组,H3≥1分为有自杀观念组(74例),H3<1分为无自杀观念组(45例)。比较两组血清中代谢指标和炎症因子差异。采用相关性分析的方法分析抑郁症患者自杀观念与血清中代谢指标和炎症因子的相关性。结果:两组的炎症因子和代谢指标差异均有统计学意义,伴有自杀观念组患者血清中白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、白细胞介素-17(IL-17)水平均较无自杀观念组高(P均<0.05),代谢指标的比较发现有自杀观念组的肌酐水平低于无自杀观念组(P<0.05);相关分析发现IL-2(r=0.29,P<0.01)、IL-4(r=0.20,P=0.03)和IL-17(r=0.21,P=0.02)水平与H3的评分呈正相关,肌酐水平与H3的评分呈负相关(r=-0.22,P=0.02)。结论:伴有自杀观念的抑郁症患者肌酐代谢和血清炎症因子与无自杀观念者存在差异,且与自杀风险存在一定关联。

自杀行为问卷中文版的信效度检验和临床划界分

目的评估自杀行为问卷-修订版(Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised,SBQ-R)在中国大学生中的信效度,并确定筛查大学生临床群体自杀风险的最佳划界分。方法共招募488名大学生,其中第一次采用整群抽样的方法招募366人,填写中文版SBQ-R、心理痛苦量表中文版和生活满意度量表,4周后抽取其中45名被试重测;第二次采用方便取样的方法招募122人,采用访谈加问卷的形式,以简明国际神经精神访谈的自杀模块为金标准划定划界分。结果(1)验证性因子分析结果支持了该问卷的单维性;(2)SBQ-R的Cronbach’sα系数为0.76,分半信度和4周后的重测信度分别为0.79和0.93;(3)SBQ-R得分与心理痛苦结果显著正相关,与生活满意度量显著负相关,表明该量表具有良好的效标关联效度;(4)受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析结果表明,划界分为9分时,敏感度和特异度最高,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.916。结论中文版SBQ-R具有良好的信效度,可以作为评估中国大学生群体自杀风险的有效工具,且SBQ-R筛查自杀风险的最佳截断值为9分。

大学生自杀潜在风险的测量指标:个人中心分析的视角

为探索大学生自杀潜在风险的核心测量指标,供高校心理普查进行参考,本研究基于自杀的应激-易感模型框架,分别在广东省3所高校的大一至大四学生中进行抽样调查,在获取的3126个大学生样本数据中建立一元回归方程、潜在剖面模型,筛选了初始的24个测量指标,重构了大学生自杀潜在风险检测的测量指标系统,其中相关的测量指标有19个。对大学生自杀风险的潜在变量多因素综合预测时关联程度最高的8个核心指标是:边缘性人格、精神病前驱症状、心理痛苦、自伤行为、焦虑、既往自杀倾向、日常烦恼事件和情绪调节能力。研究发现了大学生自杀潜在风险的三个潜在类别并对每个群体提出精准的干预策略:类别1情绪困扰组,表现出“此消彼长”的特征,需要及时的心理疏导;类别2心理健康组,呈现出“富者更富”的特征,应关注发展性心理需求;类别3高风险组,表现出“穷者更穷”的特征,是大学生自杀或心理行为问题的高风险群体,应进行重点关注。大学生自杀是应激、个人易感和环境保护因素交互作用、多方位叠加的结果,且往往以情绪与精神症状的形式表现出来。高校在开展心理健康普查时应改变只采用单一症状指标筛查的方法,注意多指标应用、综合性评估自杀风险值。本研究所筛选的有关大学生自杀风险4个维度19个测量指标8个核心指标可供高校心理普查参考。

艾司氯胺酮丙泊酚复合麻醉下电休克治疗伴有自杀意念重度抑郁障碍患者的效果分析

目的比较通过不同剂量艾司氯胺酮联合电休克治疗伴有自杀意念重度抑郁障碍患者的效果,分析艾司氯胺酮作为具有抗抑郁作用特点的电休克麻醉剂,针对伴有自杀意念的重度抑郁障碍患者治疗时的优点和不足,为艾司氯胺酮在临床工作中更好地应用提供参考。方法120名患者通过随机数字表法分为对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组,每组各40例(n=40)。对照组予以丙泊酚1.2~1.5 mg/kg缓慢推注麻醉,低剂量组予以0.3 mg/kg艾司氯胺酮加1.0 mg/kg丙泊酚缓慢推注麻醉,高剂量组予以0.6 mg/kg艾司氯胺酮加0.5~0.8 mg/kg丙泊酚缓慢推注麻醉,后行无抽搐电休克治疗(MECT),治疗过程中评价疗效、安全性指标和对认知功能的影响。结果对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组患者的HAMD-24评分治疗前无明显差异,经MECT治疗后评分值逐组递减,低剂量组、高剂量组各项观察指标较对照组有差异(均P<0.05),低剂量组与高剂量组各项观察指标有差异(均P<0.05);重复性成套神经心理状态测验(RBANS)对三组患者行认知功能评估,结果显示三组患者治疗后高剂量组的RBANS评分分值明显高于低剂量组、对照组(均P<0.05);三组120例患者中没有出现严重的不良反应,三组不良反应发生率相比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);利用Beck自杀意念量表对三组患者接受治疗后自杀意念的疗效进行评估,结果显示治疗后高剂量组的Beck自杀意念量表评分分值明显低于低剂量组、对照组(均P<0.05)。结论三组患者的重度抑郁症状及自杀意念均得到改善,使用不同麻醉剂及不同剂量对伴有自杀意念的重度抑郁患者疗效随着剂量的变化呈现显著差异,且均未出现严重的不良反应,其应用到临床的安全性已得到验证,值得临床进一步推广。

大学生自杀意念与亲子依恋和同伴依恋及生命意义感的关系

目的:探讨大学生自杀意念与亲子依恋的关系,以及同伴依恋和生命意义感在其中的作用。方法:选取1137名大学生,采用自杀意念量表(PANSI)考察自杀意念、修订版父母同伴依恋量表(IPPA-R)考察亲子依恋和同伴依恋、生命意义量表(MLQ)考察生命意义感。结果:父子依恋、母子依恋、同伴依恋、拥有意义、寻求意义得分与PANSI得分均呈负相关(r=-0.51~-0.19,均P<0.001)。同伴依恋与拥有意义的中介作用及链式中介作用效应值分别是-0.08、-0.16、-0.04,分别占总效应的13.83%、25.83%、6.17%。结论:大学生亲子依恋与自杀意念相关,可以通过提升同伴依恋水平、提高拥有意义感来降低自杀意念。

儿童青少年精神障碍患者家长自杀倾向及危险因素分析

目的探讨儿童青少年精神障碍患者家长自杀倾向及其危险因素,并构建自杀倾向的预测模型。方法采用横断面调查的方法,收集2022年8月至2023年7月就诊于安徽省内两所医院共299名儿童青少年精神障碍家长的社会人口学资料,并采用自杀相关的标准化问题、患者健康问卷-9(PHQ-9)以及多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS-20)分别评估调查对象自杀倾向、抑郁症状及述情障碍的程度。结果自杀倾向的总体检出率为15.4%,其中自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂检出率分别为11.0%、3.3%和8.0%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,躯体疾病史、抑郁症状、述情障碍以及情感辨别不能因子与较高的自杀倾向风险有关(均P<0.05)。基于回归分析结果,构建预测患儿家长自杀倾向风险预测模型,并绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)为0.80(95%CI:0.72~0.87,P<0.05)。结论儿童青少年精神障碍患者家长自杀倾向检出率较高,提示临床上在注重青少年精神障碍患者的同时,亦不能忽视患儿家长的心理健康,应加强对患儿和家长的护理,必要时应提供个体化的综合干预措施。