Legislative Protection for Women's Rights and Interests after the Founding of the People's Republic of China

The process of legislative protection for women’s rights and interests of the new China can be divided into two phases: The first phase is from the establishment of the People’s Republic of China to the adoption of the policy of reform and opening up to the outside

Initial Analysis on the Legal Protection of Consumers＇ Rights and Interests in Network Transaction

With the development of network technology and information technology, electronic commerce as a new business model wiht itsnew trading ideas-＋, In changing the traditional business structure,but also gradually changing people’s shopping patterns and consumptionpatterns,Online shopping has become the preferred way of shopping.Changes in consumption patterns will inevitably lead to new problems inthe process of consumption,and the development speed of the problem in sync with the development speed of network economy,as far as therenewal speed of laws and regulations is concerned,this asymmetric development is bound to bring great inconvenience to the consumer rights innetwork transactions.In this paper, from the angle of legal protection,the protection of consumer rights and interests in network transactions areexpounded,analysis of the current situation and reasons of the consumers’ rights and interests are infringed upon in the network transaction,learnfrom the experience of foreign consumer rights and interests protection,In order to put forward effective suggestions on the system constructionof the protection of consumer rights and interests.

Improvement of Legislation System of Protecting Women’s Rights and Interests in China——Taking the Amendment of the Law on the Protection of Women’s Rights and Interests as an Opportunity

The Law on the Protection of Women’s Rights and interests has been amended twice since it was promulgated 1992,and it has formed a relatively complete legislation system together with relevant laws and regulations,accumulating experience of judicial application in practice.In the current proposed amendment of the Law on the Protection of Women’s Rights and interests,the main issues that should be considered are:First,the legislative purpose of this law should be reviewed to clarify the three legislative positions of the Law on Women’s Rights and interests,in terms of protection,practice and foundation.Second,it is necessary to grasp whether the text content is appropriate and rectify any defects in the existing text.Third,it should explore how to reform and implement specific systems from the micro perspective to improve the specific systems of women’s personal,property,and social rights and interests.Fourth,it should strengthen the systematic interaction with other norms at different levels and implement the principle of gender equality stipulated in the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China.Fifth,attention should be paid to the necessity of invoking the Law in judicial practice,the possibility of operation and the effectiveness of enforcement.The proposed amendment of the Law on the Protection of Women’s Rights and interests should also sum up the experience of local legislation and judicial decisions and improve the quality of judicial application of the law so that is truly responds to the practical needs and challenges of the protection of women’s rights and interests and the implementation of gender equality in the new era.

China Keen to Protect Women’s Rights, Interests——An interview with Zhao Shaohua, vice-chairwoman of the All-China Women’s Federation

EDITOR＇S NOTE： Slated for September 2008, the Tenth National Congress of the Chinese Women will review the achievements the country has made over the past five years in promoting women＇s rights and interests and formulate the targets for the protection endeavor over the next five years. The five years since the Ninth National Congress of the Chinese Women have witnessed a constant improvement in the status of the Chinese women and in their human rights conditions. Following is a transcript of an interview given our staff reporters by Zhao Shaohua, vice-chairperson of the All-China Women＇s Federation （ACWF） and member of the ACWF Secretariat, on how women＇s rights and interests are protected in China.

Protection of Women’s Rights and Interests in Macao

1. Introduction With China＇s reform and opening up, great achievements have been witnessed by all of us in the protection of human rights, the basic pursuit of which is gen- der equality. Remarkable achievements have also been accomplished in the pro- tection of women＇s rights and interests. It has been 12 years since Macao＇s mann to its motherland. Over these years, Macao, under the framework of the ＂Basic Law＂ has successfully practiced the great concept of ＂one country, two systems,

Seeking a Common Platform for Safeguarding Women’s Rights and Interests

＂Women＇s rights and interests are human rights＂ is now a concept accepted by all. The power of the law now safeguards the rights and interests of women. Recalling efforts in recent years to safeguard women＇s rights and interests, we cannot but feel gratified to know that we have made great progress.

Creating an Institutional Environment for Protecting the Rights and Interests of China’s Dispatched Labor

Employment is fundamental in improving the livelihood of the people and social security is the source ofhuman happiness. This is how the international community protects and improves basic human rights. It is also the policy China has adopted to achieve sustainable economic and social development. Furthermore, it is clear evidence of China＇s respect and protection of human rights.

Broad-based Network for Protecting the Rights and Interests of Women and Children——A story about the Women's Federation of Qinhuangdao City

The room is in utter chaos, with chairs piling up in a comer and the cable TV not connected to the power source. But one thing is put in place： a slogan on the wall ＂Creating an outstanding WFQ team for the benefit of all women and children.＂

A Judicial Empirical Study on the Principle of “the Best Interests of the Child”——From the Principles of National Conventions to the Building of Adjudication Norms

“The best interests of the child”is an essential principle of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.Due to the abstractness and ambiguity of this principle,its application is inevitably subject to the judge’s personality.Through empirical analysis,we can find that the judicial documents invoking the principle of“the best interests of the child”by Chinese courts show a significant increase in the number of disputes,types of disputes,and pronounced regional characteristics.The application of this principle by the courts is highly consistent with the judicial interpretative documents issued by the Supreme People’s Court.The invocation of this principle plays the role of interpreting the provisions of the law,the value basis for discretion,and the value orientation for shaping new rules in adjudication.At the same time,it is plagued by a lack of guidelines for the application of principles,invocations that serve the will of judges,and imperfect thinking in weighing the various factors involved.The application of this principle should be improved by setting normative standards for the principle of“the best interests of the child”,increasing case guidance for invoking the principle,and enhancing the professionalism of judges.

高校“非升即走”制度下教师权益保障困境及破解路径

随着“非升即走”成为我国高等学校教师聘任的主流制度,高校教师的权益保障问题在人事制度改革和相关立法中的重要性和紧迫性日益凸显。结合理论研究和司法实践来看,我国高校教师面临的权益保障困境主要表现为“学术青椒”的尴尬:在“非升即走”聘用合同签订前,高校教师的法律身份模糊;在签订合同时,高校教师的主体性尤其是平等参与权缺失;在履行合同中,高校教师权利救济渠道不畅。这些问题的主要原因在于“学术锦标赛”的异化:高校人事管理的相关法律内容模糊、高校办学自主权边界不清和“非升即走”制度的价值偏离。破解“非升即走”制度下高校教师权益保障的现实困境的关键在于学术生态的优化:国家层面应明确“非升即走”聘用合同是“具有行政要素的劳动合同”的法律属性,重构高校教师“兼具公权与私权性质的特殊劳动者”的法律身份,完善高校教师聘任的相关法律体系;高校层面应重塑“非升即走”的制度价值,充分发挥制度的激励和促进作用,完善“非升即走”制度内容及配套措施,健全教师权益保障机制。

资本下乡:为农增利还是与农争利?——基于浙江嵊州S村调查

资本下乡进入农业生产领域产生的经济效率毋庸置疑,但是通过介入土地流转而对土地要素所有权进行实质性控制将会对农民福祉和农村发展产生何种影响却难下定论。论文选取浙江LC集团现代农业开发公司参与嵊州S村土地流转为例,分析工商资本在土地流转中对农民收益和农村经济社会的影响,以及政、商、村、农在土地流转中利益关系的变化,剖析S村土地流转机制,构建四者关系分析框架。研究发现,土地兼并对农村集体经济具有诸多正效应,对农户总体有改善但个体则产生分化,特别是流转过程中多数农户正当利益受到挤占,政、商、村、农之间存在利益纠葛却没有相应的疏解机制。通过个案分析,能够对城市工商资本介入农村土地流转的机理及其效应进行较具体细致的刻画。论文最后提出构建土地流转收益分配的合理秩序和工商资本参与土地流转的监管政策等方面的建议。

Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Women

ContentsChapter Ⅰ General ProvisionsChapter Ⅱ Political RightsChaptet Ⅲ Rights and Interests Relating to Culture and EducationChapter Ⅳ Rights and Interests Relating to WorkChapter Ⅴ Rights and Interests Relating to PropertyChapter Ⅵ Rights Relating to the PersonChapter Ⅶ Rights and Interests Relating to Marriage and FamilyChapter Ⅷ Legal ResponsibilityChaptet Ⅸ Supplementary

SA8000标准与《中华人民共和国劳动法》比较分析

SA8000作为一个以保护劳工权益为内容的社会责任管理体系,从童工、强迫性劳动、健康与安全、 自由结社与集体谈判、平等就业、惩罚性措施、工作时间、工资薪酬、管理系统等九个方面给予企业规范性要 求。而《中华人民共和国劳动法》作为中国市场经济条件下保护劳动者权益的法律,对此也有明确规定。中国企 业应当按照《中华人民共和国劳动法》指引,完善企业劳动制度,才能应对SA8000标准的推行。

我国家庭教育政策的变迁及其动因探析

新中国成立以来,基于儿童的健康成长需要,家庭教育政策随着政治经济社会和教育事业的发展而呈现出改造家庭教育、要求家长尽责教育、提高家庭教育指导服务水平、建立家庭教育政策体系等四个阶段性的变化,体现出针对我国不同阶段教育发展中主要问题而展开的特征,反映出家庭教育政策中儿童权益保护的不断强化和儿童成长内涵的日臻完善。未来需进一步清晰责任主体,使家庭教育指导服务体系和家校社协同机制更加完善。

非政府组织与农民工权益的维护——以番禺打工族文书处理服务部为个案

农民工权益的维护是一个复杂的公共政策问题,需要政府、企业、工会、非政府组织等的共同努力。文章通过对农民工非政府组织——番禺打工族文书处理服务部的考察,发现非政府组织主要通过为农民工提供法律援助、促进农民工的文化发展与休闲娱乐活动、推动企业社会责任等方式来维护农民工的权益,在一定程度上弥补了政府职能的不足。非政府组织不仅可以协助政府解决类似农民工等公共问题,而且也为我国的公共治理提供了一个新思路。

城市农民工的基本权益保障研究

城市农民工是城市人口中不容忽视的重要组成部分,相对城市人口,他们处于一定的弱势地位。城市农民工的工作权、受教育权等常常受到侵害,亟待维护。要真正维护农民工的权益,就要改变现有观念,调整现行政策,完善法治建设,建立良好的社会环境。

关于农民权益保护立法若干基础问题的讨论

对农民权益保护进行专门立法是非常必要的。立法必须考虑体系上的科学性,妥善处理与其它相关法律的关系;在价值基础上应当寻求效率和公平、保障和限制的平衡;在调整范围上,需要准确界定"农民"的概念,实体权利和救济途径并重;立法中应当坚持平等、合法、便民和节约的原则。

“地缘维权”组织与农民工的权益保障——基于对福建泉州农民工维权组织的考察

维护农民工权益的现行策略难以切实发挥有效作用,维权困境的根源在于农民工缺乏真正代表自身利益的组织。“以地缘为纽带的维权组织”的出现说明了农民工对于组织资源的渴望,这种维权方式有其特点与功能,同时也存在局限。建立正式的、合法的、以地缘为纽带的农民工维权组织,是维护和保障农民工权益的可能之举,政府应采取有效措施给予恰当的引导,以使其健康发展。

新型城镇化背景下农村土地制度创新研究评述

研究目的:梳理现有农村土地制度创新文献成果,以期为协调城镇化与农村土地制度创新提供借鉴。研究方法:文献综述法。研究结果:土地产权、承包经营权流转、农村建设用地流转、征地制度改革、城乡统筹试点地区土地制度创新经验等方面研究可为合适的制度优化路径选择奠定基础。但也存在仅以土地配置效率为评判制度适宜性标准、多注重制度的静态描述等缺陷。研究结论:今后须注重基本国情与环境约束,以资源配置效率与权益保护作为评判制度适宜性的标准,加强对制度变迁动态性与路径的研究。