从Peoples看罗尔斯对国家是理性行为体的批判

大多数国际关系理论流派都把国家作为理性的行为体,然而罗尔斯在其晚年的著作《万民法》中却拒绝把国家作为国际关系分析的单元,而把人民(Peoples)作为国际关系的行为主体,因为后者既是理性的、又是合理性的。但是从罗尔斯对世界国家的分类以及人民同非人民社会的关系来看,人民和国家之间的差别并不大,这说明如何体现出国家的合理性仍然是一个难题。

Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever in Hubei Frovince,The Peoples Repulic of China: A Clinical and Serological Study

Between July 1975 and April 1980, 71 patients were admitted to the 2ndAttached Hospital of Hubei Provincial Medical College in Wuchang withthe diagnosis of Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever (EHF). The clinical courseamong these patients was similar to that described for patients with KoreanHemorrhagic Fever, Nephropathica Epidemica of Scandanavia and Hemor-rhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome of the U.S.S.R. The overall mortalitywas 11.2％. Sera obtaincd from some of these patients as well as frompatients admitted to the First Attached Hospital of Hubei Provincial Me-dical College were tested against an antigen associated with Korean He-morrhagic Fever and showed exceedingly high antibody titers. We concludethat EHF in Centfal China represents the same disease process as KoreanHemorrhagic Fever.

Resource Extraction in the Territories of Indigenous Peoples： The Quest for Cultural Rights

The rapid industrial growth amidst the resource-rich habitats of indigenous people results in an unprecedented and inescapable influence of the other. Most often, such interactions are exploitative for the indigenous communities. Besides this, the development induced displacement escalate the fear of loss of ＂cultural practices＂ among the indigenous peoples. The ＂official＂ argument often confines to the fact that the people are displaced with better facilities to a place few kilometres away from the original habitat. Such an argument forces to establish harmony between development and the displaced and ignores cultural rights and customary boundaries. In such cases, indigenous peoples negotiate for the protection of cultural rights with the corporate establishments and statutory bodies using a variety of means. This idea is explored in the context of the resistance movement organized by the indigenous Kondhs of Niyamgiri region of Odisha, India.

Historical Course Follows Climate Change: Patterns of the Northern Hemisphere — From Peoples’ Migration until the Industrial Revolution (3^rd-18^thCentury)

This paper relates to the statement that the so-called “Little Ice Age” (RCC 6: 1.350-1.800 A.D.) represents—besides the 8k-Event (8.200-8.000 yr cal. B.P.)—the fastest and strongest onset in Holocene History [1]. Its intention focuses on the correlation of interplaying natural processes (i.e. solar energy variation, aerosols, oceanic currents, volcanism as part of plate tectonics, heat flow) with social/political evidence through the time-span of Peoples’ Migration until Industrial Revolution (3rd-18th Century). The time-span comprises the cool/wet/respectively dry climate phase of the P.M. (260-550), a Climate Optimum (600-1.100 A.D.) owning a final Thermal Maximum (1.100-1.260 A.D.) and the “little Ice Age” (1.350-1.800 A.D.), the latter intercalated by the Spörer Minimum (1.460-1.550 A.D.) and the Maunder Minimum (1.650-1.720 A.D.). Thereby, an average temperature difference of 1.0°C - 2.0°C seems sufficient for incising climatic/cultural consequences [2]. It has become obvious that a Climate Optimum primarily provides constructive life conditions;however with a problematic final as the following “Effect-Chain” tells: balanced agricultural/cultural population growth → rich harvests → satisfying nourishment → health, encouragement → overpopulation under favorable materialistic conditions → increasing stress → lack of food, high prices → revolts → migration. In contrast, cool/wet/resp. dry conditions originate destructive/depressive conditions (see Peoples’ Migration) which initiate the following “Effect Chain”: bad agricultural conditions → poor/no harvesting → famine → disease, growing death rate → social, political revolts, wars → human cruelties with psychic/religious background (inquisition, witch-combustion → general chaos (30 yr-war) → death, migration (maritime endeavors, colonization). Furthermore, it should be stressed that volcanic aerosols play besides the solar influx variation—an important role on climate/cultural change [3]. However, the effects of oceanic currents’ heat flow of Mid-Oceanic Ridges and Hot Spots, as well as Earth-Magnetism and Sun/Earth Geometry are poorly understood in this context (Example: Iceland as hot spot situated on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge having been working since 40 Ma). The Chapter-introducing citations play a challenging role in regard to Science Criticism and touch the so-called 95% Confidence line (accepted realm of causal interrelation and according recommendation to Society [4]).

“PEOPLES ON”理念在科技馆展项设计应用中的理论探索

科技馆的核心是"教育","教育"本身是严肃的,但是"教育"的体验过程则不然。当代科技馆旨在通过丰富有趣的展教方式来传播信息,因此在科技馆的设计当中,展示形式越来越丰富,也越来越强调观者的参与和互动,力求调动一切有利因素使观者成功接受信息。以"PEOPLES ON"(人际互动)理念为切入点,在丰富其理论的同时进一步探索应用的方式,通过人际互动理念扩大展项的外延作用,使观者能够更大程度地通过参与来学习知识。"PEOPLES ON"理念将"学习空间"外延到人与人之间,注重开发人际对学习的促进作用,使人与人之间的影响能够成为信息传播的助力。

Leveraging the Strength of NGOs in Deepening Friendship between the Chinese and Cambodian Peoples and between the Chinese and Lao Peoples

In late October,at the invitation of friendly organizations in Cambodia and Laos,a Chinese NGO Delegation visited the two countries.The delegation was made up of 6 members from the Chinese Association for International Understanding,Chinese People’s Association for Peace and Disarmament,China NGO Network for International Exchanges and China Foundation for Peace and Development respectively.Though the visit

Brazil＇s Indigenous Peoples and Their Autobiographical Narratives

When considering indigenous people in Brazil, both in academic and non-academic settings, the individuals＇ names are almost always ignored for the sake of representing their collectivity as communities, as Peoples. Discussing autobiographies or indigenous biographies is still an uncommon endeavor, even in our field of Letters/Liberal Arts or in Indigenous Ethnology. However, since the beginning of the process of reclaiming the lands that once belonged to them, the indigenous Peoples have been producing autobiographical narratives, demonstrating how this genre of text production--traditionally linked to the development of the Western individual---can constitute and be appropriated in different Amerindian translations. It is fi＇om this perspective that I intend to present a discussion about those text productions, analyzing what their collective signatures express, and how their proper names are constructed and signified on behalf of the group.

公司董事对公司债权人之信义义务与注意义务——加拿大最高法院“Peoples Department Stores Inc. (Trustee of) v. Wise”案述评

在本案中,初审法院法官支持原告的诉讼主张,认为公司董事在公司濒临破产时,对公司债权人负有信义义务。上诉法院推翻了一审判决,认为公司董事仅对公司负有信义义务,本案被告董事并未违反任何义务。最终,终审法院维持了上诉法院的判决。加拿大最高法院的这一判决澄清了业界所广泛关注的一个问题,即公司董事对公司债权人的义务。不论是与加拿大以前的法律相比,还是与国外其他国家的法律相比,该判决都赋予了公司债权人更加广泛的潜在权利。最为重要的是,该判决未将公司债权人的此等权利与“公司濒临破产”这一要件事实联结在一起。此外,该判决还明确了公司董事对公司债权人总是负有注意义务这一重要公司法规则。

Relationship between the use of smart medical services and mental health status

In this editorial,I comment on the article by Zhang et al.To emphasize the importance of the topic,I discuss the relationship between the use of smart medical devices and mental health.Smart medical services have the potential to positively influence mental health by providing monitoring,insights,and inter-ventions.However,they also come with challenges that need to be addressed.Understanding the primary purpose for which individuals use these smart tech-nologies is essential to tailoring them to specific mental health needs and prefe-rences.

How the Peoples Republic Came to Be

In November 1932,The Eastern Miscellany,located in Shanghai,published a request for readers from across the social spectrum to answer the following two questions:What do you hope China will be like in the future?What dreams do you have for your own life.

“Understanding between Peoples”of China and the Middle East Countries

The Middle East is a natural ally of China in the“One Belt and One Road”construction.The“understanding between the peoples”of China and the Middle East countries not only has the profound historical basis,but also has strong realistic motives.The great blueprint of the“One Belt and One Road”will link the pursuit of the Middle East people in peaceful development with Chinese people’s dream in national rejuvenation,bringing new opportunities and endowing new connotation for mutual“understanding between peoples”on both sides.However,there is a large gap between the actual demand of the“One Belt and One Road”construction and the existing state of affairs in the understanding between the Chinese and Middle Eastern people.There are not only a lot of problems,but also many interferences and blocking factors.In the context of the“One Belt and One Road”,to further promote the“understanding between peoples”of China and the Middle East countries is a huge and systematic civilizational project,which needs in-depth research and understanding.

Cultural Exchanges Narrowing the Distance between the Peoples of China and the United States

Library of Congress,built in the year 1800,has the largest collection in the world,with over 1 million books in Chinese.However,in the 1960s-1970s,there were only about 300,000 books in Chinese.The leap from 300000 to 1 million,along with development of China-U.S.relations from the establishment of diplomatic relations to maturing relationship,which also reflects the rising interest of the U.S.circles

Building Bridges for Better Understanding between Peoples BPAFFC’s Efforts to Enhance People-toPeople Exchanges with Sri Lanka

People’s hearts are the biggest political power. People-to-people ties underpin strong and sustained connectivity, as well as international cooperation on the Belt and Road Initiative. To build bridges for greater understanding between people, the Beijing People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries, together with Beijing Women’s Federation and Beijing

Building a Novel Future: Connecting Peoples and Cultures

Current humanity is experiencing extraordinary levels of material and ideal connectivity.Change being constant and stability exceptional and provisional;one has to expect a significant acceleration of change in the next hundred years.The core question is therefore:What kind of future is being shaped for the next generations,our grandchildren and great-grand children?Without going too far back in time,it is fair to say that the current world was shaped by two different,successive and antinomic global processes:imperial expansion,colonization and domination on the one hand,and resistance,struggle for liberation,and the search for a more equitable world order on the other hand.Against all the odds,European imperialism,civil war,wars of aggression,and Western ostracism,China was an influential actor in the struggle for liberation of Africa from colonialism,got its rightful place in the international world order and is now the second economy of the planet.Globalization resulted in the emergence of a de facto multipolar world,with different models of societies and organizational cultures.These are dialectic processes constantly in operation,but there is however a third crucial area of interest,generally taken granted,that of people and culture.Peaceful relations and sustainable economic development backed by greater cultural and demographic connectivity are better options for the construction of a novel future for humanity.Universities and higher education institutions can play an important role in spearheading and implementing these new orientations for the construction of a future peaceful and sustainable human world in which war will be outlawed.This paper outlines what academics can do to promote such a vision.

Correlation between psychological traits and the use of smart medical services in young and middle-aged adults: An observational study

BACKGROUND Psychological problems affect economic development.However,there is a huge gap between mental health service resources and mental health service needs.Existing mental health service technology and platforms cannot meet all the diverse mental health needs of people.Smart medicine is a new medical system based online that can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of medical services and make mental health services accessible.AIM To explore the level of intelligent medical use among young and middle-aged people and its correlation with psychological factors.METHODS Convenience sampling was used to select 200 young and middle-aged patients with medical experience at the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu between January 2022 and January 2023 as the research subjects.The general condition Questionnaire,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,Symptom Checklist-90,General Health Questionnaire,and Smart Medical Service Use Intention Questionnaire were used to collect data.Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the participants’willingness to use smart medical services and their personality characteristics,psychological symptoms,and mental health.RESULTS The results revealed that the mental health of young and middle-aged people was poor,and some had psycho-logical problems such as anxiety,depression,and physical discomfort.Familiarity,acceptance,and usage of smart healthcare in this population are at a medium level,and these levels correlate with psychological characteristics.Acceptance was positively correlated with E,and negatively correlated with P,anxiety,fear,anxiety/insomnia,and social dysfunction.The degree of use was negatively correlated with P,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,depression,anxiety,hostility,paranoia,and somatic symptoms.CONCLUSION The familiarity,acceptance,and usage of smart medical services among the middle-aged and young groups are related to various psychological characteristics.

SEF:A Smart and Energy-Aware Forwarding Strategy for NDN-Based Internet of Healthcare

Named Data Networking(NDN)has emerged as a promising communication paradigm,emphasizing content-centric access rather than location-based access.This model offers several advantages for Internet of Healthcare Things(IoHT)environments,including efficient content distribution,built-in security,and natural support for mobility and scalability.However,existing NDN-based IoHT systems face inefficiencies in their forwarding strategy,where identical Interest packets are forwarded across multiple nodes,causing broadcast storms,increased collisions,higher energy consumption,and delays.These issues negatively impact healthcare system performance,particularly for individuals with disabilities and chronic diseases requiring continuous monitoring.To address these challenges,we propose a Smart and Energy-Aware Forwarding(SEF)strategy based on reinforcement learning for NDN-based IoHT.The SEF strategy leverages the geographical distance and energy levels of neighboring nodes,enabling devices to make more informed forwarding decisions and optimize next-hop selection.This approach reduces broadcast storms,optimizes overall energy consumption,and extends network lifetime.The system model,which targets smart hospitals and monitoring systems for individuals with disabilities,was examined in relation to the proposed strategy.The SEF strategy was then implemented in the NS-3 simulation environment to assess its performance in healthcare scenarios.Results demonstrated that SEF significantly enhanced NDN-based IoHT performance.Specifically,it reduced energy consumption by up to 27.11%,82.23%,and 84.44%,decreased retrieval time by 20.23%,48.12%,and 51.65%,and achieved satisfaction rates that were approximately 0.69 higher than those of other strategies,even in more densely populated areas.This forwarding strategy is anticipated to substantially improve the quality and efficiency of NDN-based IoHT systems.

Towards complex scenes: A deep learning-based camouflaged people detection method for snapshot multispectral images

Camouflaged people are extremely expert in actively concealing themselves by effectively utilizing cover and the surrounding environment. Despite advancements in optical detection capabilities through imaging systems, including spectral, polarization, and infrared technologies, there is still a lack of effective real-time method for accurately detecting small-size and high-efficient camouflaged people in complex real-world scenes. Here, this study proposes a snapshot multispectral image-based camouflaged detection model, multispectral YOLO(MS-YOLO), which utilizes the SPD-Conv and Sim AM modules to effectively represent targets and suppress background interference by exploiting the spatial-spectral target information. Besides, the study constructs the first real-shot multispectral camouflaged people dataset(MSCPD), which encompasses diverse scenes, target scales, and attitudes. To minimize information redundancy, MS-YOLO selects an optimal subset of 12 bands with strong feature representation and minimal inter-band correlation as input. Through experiments on the MSCPD, MS-YOLO achieves a mean Average Precision of 94.31% and real-time detection at 65 frames per second, which confirms the effectiveness and efficiency of our method in detecting camouflaged people in various typical desert and forest scenes. Our approach offers valuable support to improve the perception capabilities of unmanned aerial vehicles in detecting enemy forces and rescuing personnel in battlefield.