The present study was carried out in the form of a survey with the aim of listing and describing the technical itineraries of production, storage and conservation used in six departments of high production of chilli p...The present study was carried out in the form of a survey with the aim of listing and describing the technical itineraries of production, storage and conservation used in six departments of high production of chilli pepper in Benin. The survey was conducted on the basis of a questionnaire in the six departments of Benin: Ouémé, Plateau, Atlantic, Littoral, Zou and Collines. The survey collected information on the socio-economic characteristics of producers, the varieties of chilli pepper grown, and the current technical itineraries used for the production, storage and conservation of chilli pepper. On the other hand, it also gave an idea of the constraints that prevent the production of chilli pepper of good sanitary quality. The results of this survey show that three varieties of chilli peppers are the most produced and consumed in Benin. These are the Gbotakin variety (<i>Capsicum</i> <i>chinense</i>), the Afundja variety (<i>Capsicum</i> <i>annuum</i>) and the Danhomètakin variety (<i>Capsicum</i> <i>frutescens</i>). The technical itineraries related to the cultivation of these chilli peppers varieties are the same in the six study departments. Unfortunately, their contamination sometimes starts at the nursery stage, passing through the field where other contaminants are added and develop until harvest. After harvest, contamination can continue in storage and finally reach the consumer if proper measures are not taken. The inappropriate or inadequate use of phytosanitary products in the chilli pepper industry is also a source of illness for consumers of this vegetable fruit. Training of producers on the best technical itineraries for the production and storage of chilli peppers is essential to revitalize and develop this sector by improving the sanitary quality of the chilli peppers produced in Benin.展开更多
The biological characteristics,damage symptoms,pathogenic mechanism,prevention and control methods of Meloidogyne spp.in pepper,as well as identification and study of pepper resistance against Meloidogyne spp.are revi...The biological characteristics,damage symptoms,pathogenic mechanism,prevention and control methods of Meloidogyne spp.in pepper,as well as identification and study of pepper resistance against Meloidogyne spp.are reviewed and summarized.展开更多
The present work investigated the efficiency of leaf reflectance indices in the identification of Capsicum annuum L. var. annuum resistant to anthracnose in the fruit. Twenty-five F<sub>5:6</sub> families ...The present work investigated the efficiency of leaf reflectance indices in the identification of Capsicum annuum L. var. annuum resistant to anthracnose in the fruit. Twenty-five F<sub>5:6</sub> families originating from contrasting parents were assessed;the parents were accession UENF 2285 (susceptible to anthracnose) and accession UENF 1381, a hot pepper resistant to anthracnose in the fruit. The experiment was carried out in an experimental field in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between May and October of 2021. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design, with three replications and five plants per plot. Fifteen LRIs were estimated using a CI-710 portable mini leaf spectrometer. The assessments covered all plant growth after flowering, and a total of six assessments were performed at 15-days intervals, beginning at 35 and ending 120 days after flowering (DAFs). Analysis of variance in a split-plot scheme was performed, as were tests of mean groupings and principal components analysis (PCA). The best period for evaluating leaf reflectance indices in C. annuum var. annuum is 120 days after flowering. The leaf reflectance indices PRI, CNDVI and Ctr2 stood out as effective in distinguishing between resistant and susceptible genotypes.展开更多
草莓(Fragaria×ananassa Duch.)是蔷薇科多年生草本植物。因为草莓具有独特的风味和丰富的营养价值而深受人们喜爱。根据联合国粮食及农业组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,FAO)2018年的统计数据显示...草莓(Fragaria×ananassa Duch.)是蔷薇科多年生草本植物。因为草莓具有独特的风味和丰富的营养价值而深受人们喜爱。根据联合国粮食及农业组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,FAO)2018年的统计数据显示,中国的草莓栽培面积达到173 333 hm~2。随着设施栽培技术的推广和应用,我国目前成为世界主要的草莓生产国和出口国。草莓产业发展迅速,草莓栽培生产具有附加值高的特点,在我国被誉为“小草莓、大产业”。但草莓在设施栽培过程中很容易受到真菌病害的感染,造成减产,这一问题限制了草莓产业的发展。常见的危害草莓的真菌病害主要有:炭疽病、灰霉病、白粉病、枯萎病等。其中,由Colletotrichum spp.引起的草莓炭疽病是危害草莓生产的主要病害,其能够感染草莓的根、叶柄、叶片、花、果实和匍匐茎等各个器官,造成根腐,叶斑,果实腐烂和繁殖力下降等一系列的症状。由于草莓炭疽菌是一种土壤传播病害,因此在生产中防治相对困难。本文详细阐述了目前已经分离出的23个不同的Colletotrichum spp.的分类情况,及菌丝和孢子的形态学特征和生物学特性的研究进展;介绍了田间侵染草莓的不同部位的发病症状情况;分析了草莓炭疽病的致病因子、病害流行规律,以及该病在全球范围内的发生与分布情况;并且从农业防治、化学防治和生物防治的角度,综合阐述了目前对草莓炭疽病的防治方法,为草莓抗病栽培提供参考。展开更多
文摘The present study was carried out in the form of a survey with the aim of listing and describing the technical itineraries of production, storage and conservation used in six departments of high production of chilli pepper in Benin. The survey was conducted on the basis of a questionnaire in the six departments of Benin: Ouémé, Plateau, Atlantic, Littoral, Zou and Collines. The survey collected information on the socio-economic characteristics of producers, the varieties of chilli pepper grown, and the current technical itineraries used for the production, storage and conservation of chilli pepper. On the other hand, it also gave an idea of the constraints that prevent the production of chilli pepper of good sanitary quality. The results of this survey show that three varieties of chilli peppers are the most produced and consumed in Benin. These are the Gbotakin variety (<i>Capsicum</i> <i>chinense</i>), the Afundja variety (<i>Capsicum</i> <i>annuum</i>) and the Danhomètakin variety (<i>Capsicum</i> <i>frutescens</i>). The technical itineraries related to the cultivation of these chilli peppers varieties are the same in the six study departments. Unfortunately, their contamination sometimes starts at the nursery stage, passing through the field where other contaminants are added and develop until harvest. After harvest, contamination can continue in storage and finally reach the consumer if proper measures are not taken. The inappropriate or inadequate use of phytosanitary products in the chilli pepper industry is also a source of illness for consumers of this vegetable fruit. Training of producers on the best technical itineraries for the production and storage of chilli peppers is essential to revitalize and develop this sector by improving the sanitary quality of the chilli peppers produced in Benin.
基金Regional Science Foundation Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(31760574)Innovative Scientific Research Project of Graduate Students in Hainan General Institutions of Higher Education(Hys2020-240).
文摘The biological characteristics,damage symptoms,pathogenic mechanism,prevention and control methods of Meloidogyne spp.in pepper,as well as identification and study of pepper resistance against Meloidogyne spp.are reviewed and summarized.
文摘The present work investigated the efficiency of leaf reflectance indices in the identification of Capsicum annuum L. var. annuum resistant to anthracnose in the fruit. Twenty-five F<sub>5:6</sub> families originating from contrasting parents were assessed;the parents were accession UENF 2285 (susceptible to anthracnose) and accession UENF 1381, a hot pepper resistant to anthracnose in the fruit. The experiment was carried out in an experimental field in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between May and October of 2021. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design, with three replications and five plants per plot. Fifteen LRIs were estimated using a CI-710 portable mini leaf spectrometer. The assessments covered all plant growth after flowering, and a total of six assessments were performed at 15-days intervals, beginning at 35 and ending 120 days after flowering (DAFs). Analysis of variance in a split-plot scheme was performed, as were tests of mean groupings and principal components analysis (PCA). The best period for evaluating leaf reflectance indices in C. annuum var. annuum is 120 days after flowering. The leaf reflectance indices PRI, CNDVI and Ctr2 stood out as effective in distinguishing between resistant and susceptible genotypes.
文摘草莓(Fragaria×ananassa Duch.)是蔷薇科多年生草本植物。因为草莓具有独特的风味和丰富的营养价值而深受人们喜爱。根据联合国粮食及农业组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,FAO)2018年的统计数据显示,中国的草莓栽培面积达到173 333 hm~2。随着设施栽培技术的推广和应用,我国目前成为世界主要的草莓生产国和出口国。草莓产业发展迅速,草莓栽培生产具有附加值高的特点,在我国被誉为“小草莓、大产业”。但草莓在设施栽培过程中很容易受到真菌病害的感染,造成减产,这一问题限制了草莓产业的发展。常见的危害草莓的真菌病害主要有:炭疽病、灰霉病、白粉病、枯萎病等。其中,由Colletotrichum spp.引起的草莓炭疽病是危害草莓生产的主要病害,其能够感染草莓的根、叶柄、叶片、花、果实和匍匐茎等各个器官,造成根腐,叶斑,果实腐烂和繁殖力下降等一系列的症状。由于草莓炭疽菌是一种土壤传播病害,因此在生产中防治相对困难。本文详细阐述了目前已经分离出的23个不同的Colletotrichum spp.的分类情况,及菌丝和孢子的形态学特征和生物学特性的研究进展;介绍了田间侵染草莓的不同部位的发病症状情况;分析了草莓炭疽病的致病因子、病害流行规律,以及该病在全球范围内的发生与分布情况;并且从农业防治、化学防治和生物防治的角度,综合阐述了目前对草莓炭疽病的防治方法,为草莓抗病栽培提供参考。
