能源电力系统的低碳转型是实现碳达峰碳中和目标的关键所在。为研判“双碳”目标下我国能源电力系统的未来发展趋势,该文构建了考虑绿电替代与绿氢替代的中长期能源电力发展估算模型,基于模型对2020—2060年我国能源电力发展场景进行测...能源电力系统的低碳转型是实现碳达峰碳中和目标的关键所在。为研判“双碳”目标下我国能源电力系统的未来发展趋势,该文构建了考虑绿电替代与绿氢替代的中长期能源电力发展估算模型,基于模型对2020—2060年我国能源电力发展场景进行测算,分析相关核心指标的演化趋势,并针对绿电绿氢与现有能源系统协同发展的多能互补综合能源发展模式提出方案设想。结果表明,以绿电为主、绿氢为辅对传统化石能源的“双替代”,作为实现“双碳”目标的关键措施,将在新型能源体系和新型电力系统建设中发挥决定性作用,分别针对源端能源生产基地和终端消费区域提出的综合能源生产单元(integrated energy production unit,IEPU)和综合能源产消单元(integrated energy production and consumption unit,IECU)设想,可为促进多类型资源协同优化和高效配置、支撑构建新型能源体系与新型电力系统提供方案参考。展开更多
Coal-fired power is the main power source and the biggest contributor to energy conservation in the past several decades in China.It is generally believed that advanced technology should be counted on for energy conse...Coal-fired power is the main power source and the biggest contributor to energy conservation in the past several decades in China.It is generally believed that advanced technology should be counted on for energy conservation.However,a review of the decline in the national average net coal consumption rate(NCCR)of China's coal-fired power industry along with its development over the past few decades indicates that the upgradation of the national unit capacity structure(including installing advanced production and phasing out backward production)plays a more important role.A quantitative study on the effect of the unit capacity structure upgradation on the decline in the national average NCCR suggests that phasing out backward production is the leading factor for the decline in the NCCR in the past decade,followed by the new installation,whose sum contributes to approximately 80%of the decline in the national average NCCR.The new installation has an effective affecting period of about 8 years,during which it would gradually decline from a relatively high value.Since the effect of phasing out backward production may remain at a certain degree given a continual action of phasing out backward capacity,it is suggested that the organized action of phasing out backward production should be insisted on.展开更多
S Zorb装置的能耗主要是燃料气和电,合计超过装置耗能的90%,原料换热器E101是装置的重要换热设备,其运行状况直接影响装置燃料气消耗。某石化公司150×10^(4)t/a S Zorb装置2020年10月结束第一周期的生产,在第二周期开工运行后,装...S Zorb装置的能耗主要是燃料气和电,合计超过装置耗能的90%,原料换热器E101是装置的重要换热设备,其运行状况直接影响装置燃料气消耗。某石化公司150×10^(4)t/a S Zorb装置2020年10月结束第一周期的生产,在第二周期开工运行后,装置燃料气消耗量持续上升,短短8个月内装置能耗上涨26%。分析原因主要是进料换热器E101管程结焦,导致进料换热器换热效果变差,管程压降升高。由于目前该换热器运行负荷只有设计负荷的60%,为避免因偏流加剧换热器结焦影响装置长周期运行,2021年8月将其中一列切出进行化学清洗,切出后一直单列运行,存在运行不经济的情况。针对当前工况提出对策,除了加强原料管控、定期切出清洗等常规手段外,建议对换热器流程进行改造,增大换热面积,提高管程换热终温,根据流程模拟结果,此举可降低装置能耗20%,同时为了兼顾装置能耗和长周期运行需要,建议借鉴同类装置先进经验,增设防焦阻垢剂注入系统。展开更多
This article introduces the specifics of the MIP technology involving respectively the case for production of clean gasoline, the case for producing clean gasoline coupled with production of diesel and the case for pr...This article introduces the specifics of the MIP technology involving respectively the case for production of clean gasoline, the case for producing clean gasoline coupled with production of diesel and the case for producing gasoline with increased output of propylene. The performance of the MIP units that were in operation was wrapped up. Test results have shown that the MIP technology is characterized by improved product distribution as evidenced by the reduced yields of dry gas and slurry and the increased total liquid yield; the upgraded product quality as evidenced by the reduced olefin and sulphur contents in gasoline; and the more ideal techno-economic indicators as evidenced by the reduced unit consumption of catalyst and the reduced energy consumption of the process unit.展开更多
文摘能源电力系统的低碳转型是实现碳达峰碳中和目标的关键所在。为研判“双碳”目标下我国能源电力系统的未来发展趋势,该文构建了考虑绿电替代与绿氢替代的中长期能源电力发展估算模型,基于模型对2020—2060年我国能源电力发展场景进行测算,分析相关核心指标的演化趋势,并针对绿电绿氢与现有能源系统协同发展的多能互补综合能源发展模式提出方案设想。结果表明,以绿电为主、绿氢为辅对传统化石能源的“双替代”,作为实现“双碳”目标的关键措施,将在新型能源体系和新型电力系统建设中发挥决定性作用,分别针对源端能源生产基地和终端消费区域提出的综合能源生产单元(integrated energy production unit,IEPU)和综合能源产消单元(integrated energy production and consumption unit,IECU)设想,可为促进多类型资源协同优化和高效配置、支撑构建新型能源体系与新型电力系统提供方案参考。
基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2017M620758)Special Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.L1522032)the Consulting Project of Chinese Academy of Engineering(No.2015-ZCQ-06).
文摘Coal-fired power is the main power source and the biggest contributor to energy conservation in the past several decades in China.It is generally believed that advanced technology should be counted on for energy conservation.However,a review of the decline in the national average net coal consumption rate(NCCR)of China's coal-fired power industry along with its development over the past few decades indicates that the upgradation of the national unit capacity structure(including installing advanced production and phasing out backward production)plays a more important role.A quantitative study on the effect of the unit capacity structure upgradation on the decline in the national average NCCR suggests that phasing out backward production is the leading factor for the decline in the NCCR in the past decade,followed by the new installation,whose sum contributes to approximately 80%of the decline in the national average NCCR.The new installation has an effective affecting period of about 8 years,during which it would gradually decline from a relatively high value.Since the effect of phasing out backward production may remain at a certain degree given a continual action of phasing out backward capacity,it is suggested that the organized action of phasing out backward production should be insisted on.
文摘S Zorb装置的能耗主要是燃料气和电,合计超过装置耗能的90%,原料换热器E101是装置的重要换热设备,其运行状况直接影响装置燃料气消耗。某石化公司150×10^(4)t/a S Zorb装置2020年10月结束第一周期的生产,在第二周期开工运行后,装置燃料气消耗量持续上升,短短8个月内装置能耗上涨26%。分析原因主要是进料换热器E101管程结焦,导致进料换热器换热效果变差,管程压降升高。由于目前该换热器运行负荷只有设计负荷的60%,为避免因偏流加剧换热器结焦影响装置长周期运行,2021年8月将其中一列切出进行化学清洗,切出后一直单列运行,存在运行不经济的情况。针对当前工况提出对策,除了加强原料管控、定期切出清洗等常规手段外,建议对换热器流程进行改造,增大换热面积,提高管程换热终温,根据流程模拟结果,此举可降低装置能耗20%,同时为了兼顾装置能耗和长周期运行需要,建议借鉴同类装置先进经验,增设防焦阻垢剂注入系统。
文摘This article introduces the specifics of the MIP technology involving respectively the case for production of clean gasoline, the case for producing clean gasoline coupled with production of diesel and the case for producing gasoline with increased output of propylene. The performance of the MIP units that were in operation was wrapped up. Test results have shown that the MIP technology is characterized by improved product distribution as evidenced by the reduced yields of dry gas and slurry and the increased total liquid yield; the upgraded product quality as evidenced by the reduced olefin and sulphur contents in gasoline; and the more ideal techno-economic indicators as evidenced by the reduced unit consumption of catalyst and the reduced energy consumption of the process unit.
