Family care and subjective well-being of coronary heart disease patients after percutaneous coronary intervention:Mediating effects of coping strategies

Objectives To analyze the correlations between family care,coping strategies and the subject well-being(SWB)of patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods From November 2019 to October 2020,264 CHD patients who had undergone PCI were enrolled in this questionnaire survey.The research tools applied included General Information Questionnaire,the Adaptation,Partnership,Growth,Affection and Resolve,Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire,and the General Well-being Schedule.SPSS 24.0 and Amos 23.0 software packages were used for statistical analysis.Results The mean scores for family care,confrontation,avoidance,acceptance-resignation and SWB,were 7.59±2.24,20.03±3.78,16.49±2.70,10.42±2.01,and 73.31±11.63,respectively.Subgroup analysis showed that the path coefficient between family care and subjective well-being was higher in males than females.Family care was directly related to coping strategies.The coping strategies were directly related to SWB,while family care showed an indirect association with SWB via coping strategies.Conclusions Family care can improve CHD patients’SWB post-PCI,and coping strategies are important for the link between family care and SWB.Also,men received more family care than women.Based on a patient's characteristics,healthcare providers can promote patients’positive coping strategies,increase their perceived family care,and improve the patient's SWB.

Efficacy and safety analysis of continued nursing of complications in discharged patients after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage

BACKGROUND Percutaneous hepatobiliary drainage(PTCD)is an effective method for the treatment of biliary obstruction and other diseases,but postoperative complications are still one of the important problems faced by patients.Continuous nursing is a comprehensive nursing model that plays an important role in postoperative recovery.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of continuous nursing on the incidence of complications in patients after PTCD surgery through meta-analysis and to evaluate its efficacy and safety.AIM To evaluate the effect of extended nursing on the incidence of complications in discharged patients after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD).METHODS Randomized controlled studies on PTBD postdischarge extended care were identified in the CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,and other databases.The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute of Australia literature quality evaluation tool,and a meta-analysis of the included studies was performed with RevMan 5.4 software.RESULTS Finally,9 studies were included,with a total sample size of 854 patients(425 patients in the control group and 429 patients in the intervention group).Meta-analysis revealed that extended care effectively reduced biliary tract infection(RR:0.42,95%CI:0.30-0.57),puncture wound infection(RR:0.19,95%CI:0.06-0.65),catheter protrusion or displacement in discharged patients after PTBD(RR:0.31,95%CI:0.18-0.54),catheter blockage(RR:0.23,95%CI:0.13-0.42),skin infection around the drainage tube(RR:0.30,95%CI:0.12-0.77),and catheter-related readmissions(RR:0.34,95%CI:0.18-0.65)(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with conventional discharge care,extended care can effectively reduce the occurrence of complications such as biliary tract infection,puncture wound infection,catheter prolapse or displacement,catheter blockage,skin infection around the drainage tube,and catheter-related readmission in discharged patients after PTBD.

Palliative percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement for gastrointestinal cancer: Roles, goals, and complications

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement is an invaluable tool in clinical practice that has an important role in the palliative care of patients with gastrointestinal cancer. While there is no extensive data regarding the use of this procedure in patients with gastrointestinal malignancy, inferences can be made from the available information derived from studies of similar or mixed populations. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tubes can be used to provide enteral nutrition for terminal malignancies of the upper gastrointestinal tract as well as for decompression of malignant obstructions. The rates of successful placement for cancer patients with either of these indications are high, similar to those in mixed populations. There is no conclusive evidence that the procedure will help patients reach nutritional goals for those needing alimental supplementation. However, it is effective at relieving symptoms caused by malignant obstruction. A high American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status score and an advanced tumor stage have been shown to be independent predictors of poor outcomes following placement in cancer patients. This suggests the potential for similar outcomes in the palliative care of patients with advanced stage gastrointestinal cancer who may be in relatively poor physiologic condition. However, this potential should not preclude its use in patients with terminal gastrointestinal cancer considering the high rate of successful tube placement, the possible benefits and the ultimate goal of comfort in palliative care.

Achieving timely percutaneous reperfusion for rural ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients by direct transport to an urban PCI-hospital

Backgrounds ST-elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） guidelines recommend reperfusion by primary percutaneous coronary in- tervention （PCI） ≤ 90 min from time of first medical contact （FMC）. This strategy is challenging in rural areas lacking a nearby PCI-capable hospital. Recommended reperfusion times can be achieved for STEMI patients presenting in rural areas without a nearby PCI-capable hospital by ground transportation to a central PCI-capable hospital by use of protocol-driven emergency medical service （EMS） STEMI field triage protocol. Methods Sixty STEMI patients directly transported by EMS from three rural counties （Nassau, Camden and Charlton Counties） within a 50-mile radius of University of Florida Health-Jacksonville （UFHJ） from 01/01/2009 to 12/31/2013 were identified from its PCI registry. The STEMI field triage protocol incorporated three elements： （1） a cooperative agreement between each of the rural emergency medical service （EMS） agency and UFHJ; （2） performance of a pre-hospital ECG to facilitate STEMI identification and laboratory activation; and （3） direct transfer by ground transportation to the UFHJ cardiac catheterization laboratory. FMC-to-device （FMC2D）, door-to-device （D2D）, and transit times, the day of week, time of day, and EMS shift times were recorded, and odds ratio （OR） of achieving FMC2D times was calculated. Results FMC2D times were shorter for in-state STEMIs （81 ± 17 vs. 87± 19 min）, but D2D times were similar （37 ± 18 vs. 39 ± 21 min）. FMC2D 〈 90 min were achieved in 82.7% in-state STEMIs compared to 52.2% for out-of-state STEMIs （OR = 4.4, 95% CI： 1.24-15.57; P = 0.018）. FMC2D times were homogenous after adjusting for weekday vs. weekend, EMS shift times. Nine patients did not meet FMC2D ≤ 90 min. Six were within 10 min of target; all patient achieved FMC2D 〈 120 min. Conclusions Guideline-compliant FMC2D ≤90 min is achievable for rural STEMI patients within a 50 mile radius of a PCI-capable hospital by use of protocol-driven EMS ground transportation. As all patients achieved a FMC2D time 〈 120 min, bypass of non-PCI capable hospitals may be reasonable in this situation.

The effect of the application of cold on hematoma, ecchymosis, and pain at the catheter site in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of the application of cold on hematoma,ecchymosis,and pain in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods: It is a quasi-experimental study with a control group.A total of 200 patients (100 in the control group and 100 in the experimental group) were included in the research.In the experimental group,a cold pack was applied to the bottom of the sandbag for the first 15 min after withdrawing the femoral arterial catheter.Both groups were assessed and followed up at the first 15th minute and 4th,48th and 72 nd h.Results: After the femoral arterial catheter was withdrawn,ecchymosis and hematoma were smaller and pain was less in the experimental group at the catheter entry site compared to the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01).Conclusion: It was determined that the application of cold reduced the formation of hematomas,ecchymoses and pain in patients after the withdrawal of the femoral arterial catheter.

Establishing Benchmarks for Helicopter EMS Patient Stabilization Times in Interfacility Transport for Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Helicopter EMS (HEMS) allows for patients to be quickly transported into regional cardiac centers, often to receive primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Since PCI is a time-critical therapy, it is important that patients get to primary PCI as quickly as possible. HEMS crews’ “on-scene” times for trauma patients have been extensively studied, and recent years have seen many efforts to minimize the time required to prepare patients for transport. There has been less attention to interfacility transport “scene times” for HEMS crews at referring hospitals;this includes stabilization times for preparing cardiac patients for loading onto aircraft for HEMS transport to primary PCI. In the absence of guiding evidence, system benchmarking and quality improvement are difficult. Therefore the current study was undertaken, to assess and describe the HEMS crew “on-scene” times or “patient stabilization times” (PSTs) at referring hospitals, for interfacility transported cardiac patients flown for primary PCI. Descriptive analysis identified a PST median of 19 minutes (interquartile range 15 - 24), and univariate analyses using Kruskal-Wallis testing found no association between prolonged PST and sending unit type (Emergency Department versus other), off-hours transports, or relatively frequent (at least monthly) use of HEMS (p for all comparisons > 0.64). Outlier PSTs, defined a priori as those exceeding the median by at least a half-hour, were found in 12% of all cases. These data could be useful as a starting point for system planning and benchmarking efforts in regionalized systems of acute cardiac care.

Impact of continuous care on cardiac function in patients with lung cancer complicated by coronary heart disease

BACKGROUND Despite sharing similar pathogenic factors,cancer and coronary heart disease(CHD)occur in comparable populations at similar ages and possess similar susceptibility factors.Consequently,it is increasingly commonplace for patients to experience the simultaneous occurrence of cancer and CHD,a trend that is steadily rising.AIM To determine the impacts of continuing care on lung cancer patients with CHD following percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).METHODS There were 94 lung cancer patients with CHD following PCI who were randomly assigned to the intervention group(n=38)and the control group(n=41).In the intervention group,continuing care was provided,while in the control group,routine care was provided.An evaluation of cardiac and pulmonary function,medication compliance,a 6-min walk test,and patient quality of life was performed.RESULTS Differences between the two groups were significant in left ventricular ejection fraction,6-min walk test,oxygen uptake,quality of life and medication compliance(P<0.05).In comparison with the control group,the enhancement in the intervention group was more significant.The intervention group had more patients with high medication compliance than the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).CONCLUSION After undergoing PCI,lung patients with CHD could benefit from continued care in terms of cardiac and pulmonary function,medications compliance,and quality of life.

Optimizing care for ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients： application of systems engineering

Timely reperfusion for patients with an ST-elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） reduces myocardial cell loss resulting in preserved LV performance, a reduced incidence of congestive heart failure, and significantly lower early and late mortality, while conversely, any delay in reperfusion has a deleterious effect on morbidity and mortality.

延伸护理对冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉支架植入术后患者的影响分析

目的将延伸护理用于冠心病经皮冠状动脉支架植入术后患者中,探寻护理成效。方法选择2021年1月至2022年1月郑州市第七人民医院收入的122例冠心病经皮冠状动脉支架植入术后患者,按随机数字表法分成两组,各61例。对照组实施常规出院指导和随访,观察组在对照组基础上实施延伸护理,比较两组用药依从性、生活质量、心血管不良事件发生情况。结果观察组遵医嘱量评分、遵医嘱次数评分、遵医嘱时间评分、完全遵医嘱用药评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,观察组社会功能评分、身体疼痛评分、总体健康评分、精神健康评分、生理职能评分、情感职能评分、生理功能评分、活力评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组心血管不良事件发生率(3.28%)低于对照组(14.75%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论冠心病经皮冠状动脉支架植入术后患者应用延伸护理能提高用药依从性和生活质量,减少心血管不良事件,值得临床应用。

自体动静脉内瘘狭窄介入治疗手术后管理的证据总结

目的检索并评价整合自体动静脉内瘘(arteriovenous fistula,AVF)狭窄介入治疗手术后管理的相关证据,为临床实践提供循证证据。方法按照“6S”模型系统检索计算机临床决策系统、指南数据库、国内外数据库及相关专业协会网站关于AVF狭窄介入治疗手术后管理的证据,检索时限为建库至2024年2月26日。由4名研究者独立对各类文献质量评价后进行证据提取与汇总。结果共纳入9篇文献,其中临床决策5篇、指南3篇、专家共识1篇,从手术后评估与监测、手术后用药、AVF穿刺与维护、并发症预防及处理和患者教育5个方面总结了25条证据。结论本研究总结、形成了AVF狭窄介入治疗手术后管理的最佳证据,具有一定的科学性和实用价值,可为医护人员提供循证依据,对科学护理介入治疗手术后患者的AVF具有指导意义。

双心照护模式在冠脉介入术后患者生活质量中的相关性分析

目的探索双心照护模式对老年冠心病患者冠脉介入术后的不良心理状态与生活质量的影响。方法选取经皮冠状动脉介入术后患者64例,其中男41例,女23例,平均年龄73.45±3.26岁,随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组给予常规护理及心理健康教育指导,观察组在常规护理的基础上给予双心照护,3个月后分别比较两组患者一般临床资料、医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)、健康调查简表(SF-36)及满意度差异。结果(1)观察组与对照组的一般临床资料无明显差异(P>0.05)。(2)双心照护干预后,观察组焦虑、抑郁评分、SF-36评分、满意度评分均得到改善,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)相关性分析显示,干预后与出院前观察组HADS中焦虑、抑郁评分差值与患者的情感职能、精神健康评分差值均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论双心照护模式不仅改善PCI手术后老年患者焦虑、抑郁的不良心理状态,提高患者的生活质量,而且这种心理健康的恢复与生活质量的转变存在正相关性。

基于IMB模型的延续性护理对冠心病PCI术后患者的康复效果观察

目的:观察基于信息-动机-行为技巧(IMB)模型的延续性护理对冠心病(CHD)经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)术后患者的康复效果。方法:选取2019年1月—2023年1月武汉科技大学附属天佑医院行PCI治疗的84例CHD患者作为研究对象,根据入院顺序分为对照组(n=42)和观察组(n=42)。对照组患者出院后给予常规延续性护理干预,观察组患者出院后给予基于IMB模型的延续性护理干预,干预时间为6个月。分别采用修订版健康促进生活方式量表-Ⅱ(HPLP-Ⅱ)、CHD自我管理行为量表、西雅图心绞痛问卷(SAQ)评估两组患者护理干预前后健康促进生活方式、自我管理行为、生存质量的变化。结果:干预后,两组患者各项评分比较,观察组患者健康促进生活方式各项评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=6.732、4.536、6.125、5.032、3.942、6.592,P<0.05);观察组患者自我管理行为各项评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=7.153、7.721、7.362、6.305、5.269、7.029、6.704,P<0.05);观察组患者生存质量各项评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=5.371、6.172、6.353、5.923、6.441,P<0.05)。结论:基于IMB模型的延续性护理可明显改善CHD患者PCI术后的健康促进生活方式、自我管理行为、生存质量。

肥厚型梗阻性心肌病患者行经皮室间隔射频消融术并发症的护理

总结41例肥厚型梗阻性心肌病患者行经皮心肌内室间隔射频消融术(percutaneous intramyocardial septal radiofrequency ablation,PIMSRA)的护理经验。2021年3月—2022年3月开展PIMSRA手术41例,其中9例(21.95%)出现并发症。针对该组患者发生心包积液、室间隔穿孔、胸腔积液并发症,予严密血流动力学监测,快速识别并有效救护;全面落实精细化护理,促进疾病康复;加强出院指导,提高患者自我管理。41例均完成手术,经过精心治疗和护理,康复出院。随访1年,97.56%的患者纽约心功能分级在1级或2级。

以格林模式为指导的健康教育在经皮肾镜取石术病人围术期护理中的应用

目的:探讨以格林模式为指导的健康教育在经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)病人围术期护理中的应用效果。方法:选取泌尿外科2021年9月—2022年9月收治的PCNL病人106例为研究对象,应用随机数字表将病人分为观察组(n=53)和对照组(n=53),对照组行常规健康指导,观察组实施以格林模式为指导的健康教育,两组随访6个月,比较两组手术情况、干预前后预防结石知信行评分、自我护理能力评分及术后复发情况、病人对护理的满意度。结果:两组手术时间、术中出血量、一次取石成功率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组术后并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组干预后预防结石知信行评分及自我护理能力评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后3个月、6个月的结石复发率低于对照组(P<0.05),而观察组护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:以格林模式为指导的健康教育能有效提升PCNL病人预防结石知信行水平及自我护理能力,从而有效预防病人术后并发症及结石复发,提升病人护理满意度。

人文关怀在急性心肌梗死经鼻烟壶动脉途径行PCI术患者不良情绪及睡眠质量的影响

目的:分析人文关怀在急性心肌梗死经鼻烟壶动脉途径行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术患者不良情绪及睡眠质量的影响。方法:选取厦门大学附属第一医院经鼻烟壶动脉途径行PCI术治疗的急性心肌梗死患者96例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为观察组和对照组,每组48例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组配合人文关怀护理,比较2组心肌梗死患者的恢复结果。结果:护理后,观察组心肌梗死患者焦虑、抑郁情绪程度较对照组明显更低,睡眠状况则较对照组更佳,且观察组严重心律失常、心绞痛、非致死性心肌梗死等心脏不良事件也较对照组更少(P<0.05)。结论:人文关怀在急性心肌梗死患者经鼻烟壶动脉途径行PCI术可显著提高睡眠质量。

床旁多普勒超声引导下经皮扩张钳扩张气管切开术在神经重症监护病房重症患者中的应用分析

目的探究床旁多普勒超声引导下经皮扩张钳扩张气管切开术(PDT)在神经重症监护病房(NCU)重症患者中的应用。方法选择黄河三门峡医院NCU收治的68例患者,其中男性47例,女性21例,年龄40~65岁,平均年龄53.04岁;身体质量指数(BMI)20~27 kg/m^(2),平均BMI 23.79 kg/m^(2);有吸烟史41例,饮酒史44例;重症颅脑损伤13例,高血压脑出血20例,蛛网膜下腔出血12例,其他23例。采用随机数字表法将68例患者分为2组,其中对照组(n=34)行PDT治疗,试验组(n=34)采用床旁多普勒超声引导下PDT治疗。比较两组手术情况、穿刺及气管插管情况及并发症。结果试验组出血量、手术时间少于对照组[(2.53±0.21)mL vs(3.29±0.46)mL,(10.25±2.06)min vs(11.31±2.18)min](P<0.05)。试验组一针穿刺及置管成功率均高于对照组(88.24%vs 64.71%,100.00%vs 88.24%)(P<0.05);其余指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后并发症发生率比较,试验组低于对照组(5.88%vs 29.41%)(P<0.05)。结论床旁多普勒超声引导下PDT可显著缩短NCU重症患者手术时间、减少出血量,提升一针穿刺成功率与置管成功率,同时降低术后并发症发生风险,值得临床推广。

经桡动脉入路冠脉介入治疗患者术肢并发症护理研究进展

经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention, PCI)已成为治疗冠心病的主要手段之一。经桡动脉入路作为PCI的主要血管入路,由于其便捷性和较低的并发症风险而被广泛采用。然而,经桡动脉入路PCI仍存在血管损伤、出血等并发症。因此,针对经桡动脉入路PCI并发症的管理非常重要。本文对经桡动脉入路PCI并发症及相关危险因素的评估及护理要点进行阐述,期望增加临床医护对桡动脉入路并发症的认识,为PCI患者争取更大获益。

纤维支气管镜引导经皮扩张气管切开术与开放式气管切开术在重症监护病房中的应用对比

目的:比较开放式气管切开术与纤维支气管镜引导经皮扩张气管切开术在重症监护病房中的应用效果。方法:选择2021年12月—2023年3月于毕节市中医医院重症监护病房接受治疗的82例患者为研究对象,按照随机数表法将其分为研究组与常规组,各41例。研究组行纤维支气管镜引导经皮扩张气管切开术,常规组行开放式气管切开术。比较两组手术指标、生命体征指标[血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))、心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)]水平,统计首次置管成功率,对比两组术后并发症发生情况。结果:研究组术中出血量少于常规组,手术时间短于常规组,颈部瘢痕长度短于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。置入气管套管时,两组HR、MAP水平均较气管切开前升高,SpO_(2)水平较气管切开前降低,但研究组SpO_(2)水平高于常规组,HR、MAP水平低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组首次置管成功率为92.68%,明显高于常规组的73.17%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组术后并发症发生率明显低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:重症监护病房患者采用纤维支气管镜引导经皮扩张气管切开术可改善手术指标,安全性较高,并能够提高首次置管成功率,术后并发症发生风险较低。

基于授权理论的干预模式对心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后患者健康信念、自护行为和预后的影响

目的 探讨基于授权理论的干预模式对心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后患者健康信念、自护行为和预后的影响。方法 将2021年11月—2023年10月在本院行PCI的500例心肌梗死患者随机分为对照组(n=250)和观察组(n=250)。对照组给予常规干预模式,观察组给予基于授权理论的干预模式,2组均干预至出院后1个月。比较2组干预前后健康信念[冠心病健康信念量表(CADHBS)]、自护能力[自我护理能力量表(ESCA)]、心功能指标[左心室射血分数(LVEF)、6 min步行试验(6MWT)]及生活质量[中国心血管病人生活质量评定问卷(CQQC)]情况;比较2组干预期间心脏不良事件发生率。结果 观察组干预后CADHBS总分及各维度评分和ESCA总分及各维度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组干预后LVEF及6MWT高于或长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组心脏不良事件总发生率为19.60%,低于对照组的28.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组干预后CQQC评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 对心肌梗死行PCI患者实施基于授权理论的干预模式可提高其健康信念及自护能力,改善心功能,提高生活质量,降低心脏不良事件发生率。

恶性梗阻性黄疸患者经皮肝穿刺胆道引流术后带管生活体验的质性研究

目的深入了解恶性梗阻性黄疸患者在经皮肝穿刺胆道引流术(PTCD)后带管生活的真实感受与内心体验,为制订有效的护理干预方案提供参考依据。方法2022年6-12月,采用目的抽样法选取17例恶性梗阻性黄疸PTCD后带管生活1个月以上的患者,对其进行半结构式访谈,利用Colaizzi七步法对资料进行整理分析。结果通过分析得出3个主题,分别为积极体验、益处发现(改善黄疸症状、积极自我调适,提高自我管理);消极体验、负性感受(日常生活的限制和压力、睡眠障碍、躯体的负性经历、心理的负性情绪);期望与需求(对支持性照护的多样性需求,渴望社会支持)。结论医护人员在临床工作中应注重患者身心感受的动态评估,制订差异化心理干预措施,通过加强患者疾病认知和健康教育支持提高患者出院准备度,同时进一步完善社会支持系统,帮助患者更好地实现自我管理。