Computerized tomography-guided therapeutic percutaneous puncture catheter drainage-combined with somatostatin for severe acute pancreatitis: An analysis of efficacy and safety

BACKGROUND Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP),a condition with rapid onset,critical condition and unsatisfactory prognosis,poses a certain threat to human health,warranting optimization of relevant treatment plans to improve treatment efficacy.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of computerized tomography-guided the-rapeutic percutaneous puncture catheter drainage(CT-TPPCD)combined with somatostatin(SS)in the treatment of SAP.METHODS Forty-two SAP patients admitted to The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from June 2020 to June 2023 were selected.On the basis of routine treatment,20 patients received SS therapy(control group)and 22 patients were given CT-TPPCD plus SS intervention(research group).The efficacy,safety(pancreatic fistula,intra-abdominal hemorrhage,sepsis,and organ dysfunction syndrome),abdominal bloating and pain relief time,bowel recovery time,hospital stay,inflammatory indicators(C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,and pro-calcitonin),and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE)II score of both groups were evaluated for comparison.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the research group had a markedly higher total effective rate,faster abdominal bloating and pain relief and bowel recovery,INTRODUCTION Pancreatitis,an inflammatory disease occurring in the pancreatic tissue,is classified as either acute or chronic and is associated with high morbidity and mortality,imposing a socioeconomic burden[1,2].The pathogenesis of this disease involves early protease activation,activation of nuclear factor kappa-B-related inflammatory reactions,and infiltration of immune cells[3].Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)is a serious condition involving systemic injury and subsequent possible organ failure,accounting for 20%of all acute pancreatitis cases[4].SAP is also characterized by rapid onset,critical illness and unsatisfactory prognosis and is correlated with serious adverse events such as systemic inflammatory response syn-drome and acute lung injury,threatening the health of patients[5,6].Therefore,timely and effective therapeutic inter-ventions are of great significance for improving patient prognosis and ensuring therapeutic effects.Somatostatin(SS),a peptide hormone that can be secreted by endocrine cells and the central nervous system,is in-volved in the regulatory mechanism of glucagon and insulin synthesis in the pancreas[7].It has complex and pleiotropic effects on the gastrointestinal tract,which can inhibit the release of gastrointestinal hormones and negatively modulate the exocrine function of the stomach,pancreas and bile,while exerting a certain influence on the absorption of the di-gestive system[8,9].SS has shown certain clinical effectiveness when applied to SAP patients and can regulate the severity of SAP and immune inflammatory responses,and this regulation is related to its influence on leukocyte apoptosis and adhesion[10,11].Computerized tomography-guided therapeutic percutaneous puncture catheter drainage(CT-TPPCD)is a surgical procedure to collect lesion fluid and pus samples from necrotic lesions and perform puncture and drainage by means of CT image examination and precise positioning[12].In the research of Liu et al[13],CT-TPPCD applied to pa-tients undergoing pancreatic surgery contributes to not only good curative effects but also a low surgical risk.Baudin et al[14]also reported that CT-TPPCD has a clinical success rate of 64.6%in patients with acute infectious necrotizing pan-creatitis,with nonfatal surgery-related complications found in only two cases,suggesting that this procedure is clinically effective and safe in the treatment of the disease.In light of the limited studies on the efficacy and safety of SS plus CT-TPPCD in SAP treatment,this study performed a relevant analysis to improve clinical outcomes in SAP patients.

Evaluating effectiveness and safety of combined percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis patients:Meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Acute cholecystitis(AC)is a common disease in general surgery.Laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)is widely recognized as the"gold standard"surgical procedure for treating AC.For low-risk patients without complications,LC is the recommended treatment plan,but there is still controversy regarding the treatment strategy for moderate AC patients,which relies more on the surgeon's experience and the medical platform of the visiting unit.Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder puncture drainage(PTGBD)can effectively alleviate gallbladder inflammation,reduce gallbladder wall edema and adhesion around the gallbladder,and create a"time window"for elective surgery.AIM To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of LC or PTGBD combined with LC for treating AC patients,providing a theoretical basis for choosing reasonable surgical methods for AC patients.METHODS In this study,we conducted a clinical investigation regarding the combined use of PTGBD tubes for the treatment of gastric cancer patients with AC.We performed searches in the following databases:PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,and Wanfang Database.The search encompassed literature published from the inception of these databases to the present.Subsequently,relevant data were extracted,and a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software.RESULTS A comprehensive analysis was conducted,encompassing 24 studies involving a total of 2564 patients.These patients were categorized into two groups:1371 in the LC group and 1193 in the PTGBD+LC group.The outcomes of the meta-analysis revealed noteworthy disparities between the PTGBD+LC group and the LC group in multiple dimensions:(1)Operative time:Mean difference(MD)=17.51,95%CI:9.53-25.49,P<0.01;(2)Conversion to open surgery rate:Odds ratio(OR)=2.95,95%CI:1.90-4.58,P<0.01;(3)Intraoperative bleeding loss:MD=32.27,95%CI:23.03-41.50,P<0.01;(4)Postoperative hospital stay:MD=1.44,95%CI:0.14-2.73,P=0.03;(5)Overall postoperative compli-cation rate:OR=1.88,95%CI:1.45-2.43,P<0.01;(6)Bile duct injury:OR=2.17,95%CI:1.30-3.64,P=0.003;(7)Intra-abdominal hemorrhage:OR=2.45,95%CI:1.06-5.64,P=0.004;and(8)Wound infection:OR=0.These find-ings consistently favored the PTGBD+LC group over the LC group.There were no significant differences in the total duration of hospitalization[MD=-1.85,95%CI:-4.86-1.16,P=0.23]or bile leakage[OR=1.33,95%CI:0.81-2.18,P=0.26]between the two groups.CONCLUSION The combination of PTGBD tubes with LC for AC treatment demonstrated superior clinical efficacy and enhanced safety,suggesting its broader application value in clinical practice.

Efficacy and safety analysis of continued nursing of complications in discharged patients after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage

BACKGROUND Percutaneous hepatobiliary drainage(PTCD)is an effective method for the treatment of biliary obstruction and other diseases,but postoperative complications are still one of the important problems faced by patients.Continuous nursing is a comprehensive nursing model that plays an important role in postoperative recovery.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of continuous nursing on the incidence of complications in patients after PTCD surgery through meta-analysis and to evaluate its efficacy and safety.AIM To evaluate the effect of extended nursing on the incidence of complications in discharged patients after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD).METHODS Randomized controlled studies on PTBD postdischarge extended care were identified in the CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,and other databases.The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute of Australia literature quality evaluation tool,and a meta-analysis of the included studies was performed with RevMan 5.4 software.RESULTS Finally,9 studies were included,with a total sample size of 854 patients(425 patients in the control group and 429 patients in the intervention group).Meta-analysis revealed that extended care effectively reduced biliary tract infection(RR:0.42,95%CI:0.30-0.57),puncture wound infection(RR:0.19,95%CI:0.06-0.65),catheter protrusion or displacement in discharged patients after PTBD(RR:0.31,95%CI:0.18-0.54),catheter blockage(RR:0.23,95%CI:0.13-0.42),skin infection around the drainage tube(RR:0.30,95%CI:0.12-0.77),and catheter-related readmissions(RR:0.34,95%CI:0.18-0.65)(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with conventional discharge care,extended care can effectively reduce the occurrence of complications such as biliary tract infection,puncture wound infection,catheter prolapse or displacement,catheter blockage,skin infection around the drainage tube,and catheter-related readmission in discharged patients after PTBD.

Peritoneal bleeding due to percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage:An autopsy report

A 77-year-old man underwent percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage(PTGBD) for acute cholecystitis as a preoperative procedure;however,he suddenly suffered cardiopulmonary arrest 4 h after the PTGBD and died.There were three centesis scars for the PTGBD,and only one pathway from the most dorsal centesis scar reached the gallbladder.Microscopically,the PTGBD pathway crossed and injured the intrahepatic arterial wall,and hepatic parenchymal bleeding extended along the PTGBD pathway to the inferior surface of the liver.Blood flowed to the peritoneal cavity through a small gap between the liver and gallbladder.Consequently,the PTGBD caused lethal bleeding.When the percutaneous transhepatic cholangio drainage/PTGBD pathway runs close to vessels near the liver surface,it might be necessary to deal with the possibility of rapid and lethal peritoneal bleeding.

Biliopleural fistula: A rare complication of percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage

A 79-year-old previously healthy man presented with acute acalculous cholecystitis with obstruction of the biliary tract. He was successfully treated with antibiotics and percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage, but returned to the hospital two days after discharge with a rare complication of this technique, biliopleural fistula. A thoracostomy tube was inserted to drain the pleural effusion, and the patient’s previous antibiotics reinstated. After two weeks of drainage and antibiotics, the fistula healed spontaneously without the need for further intervention.

Evaluation of the stress response and immune response after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder puncture combined with laparoscopic surgery for acute severe cholecystitis

Objective: To study the stress response and immune response after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder puncture combined with laparoscopic surgery for acute severe cholecystitis. Methods: A total of 86 patients with severe acute cholecystitis who received surgical treatment in Yulin Second Hospital between April 2013 and April 2017 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into two groups, observation group of patients received percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder puncture combined with laparoscopic surgery, control group of patients received emergency laparoscopic surgery, and serum was collected the same day and 3 d after operation to determine the inflammation indexes, stress response indexes and immune response indexes. Results: The same day after operation and 3 d after operation, serum HMGB-1, IL-2, IL-6, hs-CRP, ET-1, ACTH, Cor and MDA levels as well as peripheral blood CD8+ levels of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group while serum SOD, IgG, IgM and IgA levels as well as peripheral blood CD3+ and CD4+ levels were significantly higher than those of control group. Conclusion: Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder puncture combined with laparoscopic surgery for acute severe cholecystitis can improve the postoperative inflammatory response, stress response and immune response.

Effect of surgical timing on postoperative outcomes in patients with acute cholecystitis after delayed percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage

BACKGROUND To date,the optimal timing for percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage(PTGBD),particularly for patients who have missed the optimal window for emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)(within 72 hours of symptom onset)has not been determined.AIM To study the effects of LC timing on outcomes of grade II/III acute cholecystitis(AC)in patients with delayed PTGBD.METHODS Data of patients diagnosed with Tokyo Guidelines 2018 grade II or III AC who underwent delayed PTGBD followed by LC at a single hospital between 2018 and 2022 were retrospectively studied.According to the interval between gallbladder drainage and cholecystectomy,the patients were divided into early and delayed LC groups.Outcomes including surgery time,postoperative complications and hospital stay,and patient satisfaction were analyzed and compared between the two groups using t-andχ^(2) tests.RESULTS There were no significant differences between the two groups in intraoperative blood loss,postoperative abdominal drainage tube placement time,pain index,or total disease duration(all P>0.05).Compared with those of the early LC group,the delayed group showed significant decreases in the length of procedure(surgery time),conversion rate to open surgery,degree of adhesions,surgical complications,postoperative hospital stay,and total treatment costs,and increased patient satisfaction despite a longer interval before PTGBD(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION For patients with grade II/III AC with delayed PTGBD,LC should be performed 2 weeks after PTGBD to decrease postoperative complications and hospital stays and improve patient satisfaction.

Acute calculous cholecystitis associated with hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage in a diabetic patient

Patients with acute calculous cholecystitis are usually undertaken surgery laparoscopic cholecystectomy.However, there are controversies about the decision of operation for patients with high risk factors. Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage （PTGD） is palliative therapy to alleviate symptoms and physical signs. Since improved clinical outcome has been observed for PTGD,

Impact of B-mode-ultrasound-guided transhepatic and transperitoneal cholecystostomy tube placement on laparoscopic cholecystectomy

BACKGROUND B-mode-ultrasound-guided percutaneous cholecystostomy(PC)may be performed by a transhepatic or transperitoneal approach,called percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage(PHGD)and percutaneous transperitoneal gallbladder drainage(PPGD),respectively.We compared the impact of PC related to the route of catheter placement on subsequent laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).AIM To compare the impact of PC related to the route of catheter placement on subsequent LC.METHODS We retrospectively studied 103 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis who underwent scheduled LC after PC between January 2010 and January 2019.Group I included 58 patients who underwent scheduled LC after PHGD.Group II included 45 patients who underwent scheduled LC after PPGD.Clinical outcomes were analyzed according to each group.RESULTS Baseline demographic characteristics did not differ significantly between both groups(P>0.05).Both PHGD and PPGD were able to quickly resolve cholecystitis sepsis.Group I showed significantly higher efficacy than group II in terms of lower pain score during puncture(3.1 vs 4.5;P=0.001)and at 12 h follow-up(1.5 vs 2.2;P=0.001),lower rate of fever within 24 h after PC(13.8%vs 42.2%;P=0.001),shorted operation duration(118.3 vs 139.6 min;P=0.001),lower amount of intraoperative bleeding(72.1 vs 109.4 mL;P=0.001)and shorter length of hospital stay(14.3 d vs 18.0 d;P=0.001).However,group II had significantly lower rate of local bleeding at the PC site(2.2%vs 20.7%;P=0.005)and lower rate of severe adhesion(33.5%vs 55.2%;P=0.048).No significant differences were noted between both groups regarding the conversion rate to laparotomy,rate of subtotal cholecystectomy,complications and pathology.CONCLUSION B-mode-ultrasound-guided PHGD is superior to PPGD followed by LC for treatment of acute calculous cholecystitis,with shorter operating time,minimal amount of intraoperative bleeding and short length of hospital stay.

超声引导下一步法行经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流术在急性重症胆囊炎治疗中的应用

目的探讨超声引导下采用一步法行经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流术(PTGD)在急性重症胆囊炎(ASC)治疗中临床效果。方法选择2020年1月至2023年5月在安徽医科大学第二附属医院接受PTGD治疗的ASC患者30例,其中男性19例,女性11例;年龄55~78岁,平均年龄67岁;病程42~64 h,平均病程55.77 h。行PTGD,统计视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分;对临床症状缓解患者行腹腔镜下胆囊切除术(LC)。比较其术前、术后第1天胆囊长径、胆囊宽径及术前、术后第1天、术后第3天感染指标变化;分析患者术后第1天、第2天、第3天腹痛缓解率;分析患者术后并发症发生情况。结果30例患者均一次性穿刺置管成功。术后第1天、第2天、第3天患者腹痛症状缓解率分为86.7%(26/30)、96.7%(29/30)和100.0%(30/30)。其中26例患者于术后5~6周后行LC。患者术后第1天胆囊长径、胆囊宽径均较术前减小[(76.58±8.62)mm vs(105.35±14.84)mm、(28.71±5.29)mm vs(41.25±3.41)mm。P<0.05]。患者最高体温、白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞比例(NEU%)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平及VAS评分在术后第1天、术后第3天均较术前下降,且术后第3天低于术后第1天(P<0.05)。术后出现1例发生引流管脱管,1例胆汁引流不畅,但均未出现出血、胆汁漏、血气胸等严重并发症。结论在ASC的治疗中,采用超声引导下一步法行PTGD治疗可以减轻患者疼痛,改善炎症指标,降低术后并发症的发生。

经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性重症胆囊炎的临床疗效分析

目的探讨急性重症胆囊炎患者给予经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流+腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床有效性。方法随机选取2020年2月—2023年12月安徽省池州市人民医院收治的90例急性重症胆囊炎患者为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组45例。对照组给予腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗,观察组联合经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流治疗。分析两组患者的手术情况、炎症反应、并发症发生率。结果观察组的手术时间、术后肛门排气时间、住院时间、术中出血量优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);观察组术后C反应蛋白为(58.13±15.65)mg/L、降钙素原为(1.77±0.35)ng/mL,低于对照组的(79.98±21.35)mg/L、(2.23±0.42)ng/mL,差异有统计学意义(t=5.537、5.644,P均<0.05);观察组的并发症发生率(胆总管损伤、胆瘘、感染、胆管损伤)为2.22%,低于对照组的22.22%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.389,P<0.05)。结论采用经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术可改善临床症状,降低并发症、手术情况佳。

经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术序贯治疗急性胆囊炎最佳手术时机的临床研究

目的探讨经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流(PTGBD)联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)序贯治疗急性胆囊炎的最佳手术时机。方法选取2021年6月至2022年6月于九江市第一人民医院接受PTGBD联合LC序贯治疗的66例急性胆囊炎患者作为研究对象,根据手术时间不同分为对照组与观察组,每组33例。对照组于发病后1周内行PTGBD,观察组于发病1周后行PTGBD,两组均择期行LC序贯治疗。比较两组围手术期指标、治疗前后肝功能指标、炎症因子指标及术后并发症和中转开腹发生率。结果两组住院费用比较差异无统计学意义;观察组术中出血量少于对照组,手术时间、住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT、)、γ-谷氨酰基转移酶(γ-GT)水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素(IL)-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症及中转开腹发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论发病1周后行PTGBD联合LC序贯治疗急性胆囊炎,可有效改善患者肝功能,快速降低机体炎症因子水平,且可减少中转开腹及术后并发症的发生,手术风险更低,有助于促进患者术后尽快恢复,值得临床应用推广。

PTGBD治疗TG18中重度急性胆囊炎123例临床疗效分析

目的探讨经皮经肝胆囊穿刺置管外引流术(PTCBD)治疗东京指南2018(TC18)中重度急性胆囊炎临床疗效分析。方法回顾性分析我院2021年6月至2023年5月我科诊治的123例TG18中重度急性胆囊炎行PTCBD治疗患者的资料,分析其安全性、有效性,择期手术的中转开腹率。结果123例患者均一次性行PTCBD治疗成功,住院期间无PTGBD相关的并发症或死亡,术后24小时内症状基本缓解,123例患者中有99例择期行手术治疗,中转开腹2例,中转开腹率2.02%。结论对于中重度急性胆囊炎患者行PTCBD治疗安全有效,提高手术的安全性及微创率。

恶性胆道梗阻患者引流前后胆道微生物群改变初步研究

目的探讨恶性胆道梗阻引流前后胆道微生态改变情况,从微生态角度研究胆道梗阻与引流干预对胆汁微生物群的影响。方法2020年1月至2022年12月对32例恶性胆道梗阻患者行DSA导引下经皮穿刺置管引流术(PTCD),22 G引流针进入胆道并经造影确认位于肝内胆管内后抽取15~20 mL胆汁,经导丝植入外或内外引流管,7 d后经引流管抽取胆汁。两次胆汁样本送检培养及基因测序。收集整理患者一般资料,包括是否发生急性胆管炎及其严重程度,是否使用过抗生素进行治疗等。结果32例患者中胆管细胞癌15例,胰腺癌10例,肝细胞癌3例,肝门淋巴结转移瘤(胃肠道恶性肿瘤)4例。引流前胆汁微生物群中伯克霍尔德菌属、不动杆菌属、假单胞菌属和葡萄球菌属相对丰度高,正常胆道内其他微生物种多样性和均匀度均降低。结论正常胆道系统内存在稳定的微生物群,恶性梗阻胆道微生物群组成与之相似。引流后胆汁内肠属菌群丰度增加,原胆道微生物群落的物种丰度及多样性减少,可解释胆道引流后患者更容易发生胆道感染的临床现象。

纳米消融术辅助PTCD治疗晚期胆囊癌的效果分析

目的分析纳米消融术辅助经皮肝穿刺胆道引流术(PTCD)治疗晚期胆囊癌的效果。方法选取106例晚期胆囊癌患者,按照随机数字表法分为手术组和联合组,每组53例。手术组采用PTCD治疗,联合组采用纳米消融术辅助PTCD治疗,比较两组的近期疗效及短期预后情况。结果术后1周、4周,联合组的血清总胆红素(TBIL)水平、糖类抗原199(CA199)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)均低于手术组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);联合组T淋巴细胞亚群CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均高于手术组(P<0.05);联合组1年内生存率、中位无进展生存期(PFS)、中位总生存期(OS)均高于手术组(P<0.05);两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论纳米消融术辅助PTCD治疗,能增强晚期胆囊癌患者近期疗效,减轻肝损伤,增强免疫功能,对改善患者短期预后有积极意义。

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗复杂胆囊炎的临床观察

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗复杂胆囊炎的可行性和临床应用价值。方法回顾性总结分析滨州医学院附属即墨人民医院2020年3月至2023年3月收治的80例复杂胆囊炎患者的临床资料,根据手术方式的不同分为对照组和试验组,各40例。试验组患者采用腹腔镜胆囊切除术,对照组同期采用行经皮经肝胆囊穿刺置管引流后二期行腹腔镜胆囊切除术。比较两组患者在手术时间、术中出血量、术后胆漏、切口感染、胆管残余结石、胆(肠)管损伤、治疗效果、住院时长等方面的差异。结果两组患者均无围手术期死亡病例。试验组较对照组,手术时间较长,手术出血量较多,差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。两组患者术中中转开腹率、术中胆道损伤率、肠管损伤及术后住院时间、术后出血无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论复杂胆囊炎行腹腔镜下胆囊切除术可以缩短治疗周期。

超声引导下PTGD联合聚桂醇硬化治疗单纯性肝囊肿患者疗效研究

目的探讨在超声引导下经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流术(PTGD)联合聚桂醇硬化治疗单纯性肝囊肿(SHC)患者的疗效。方法2021年6~2022年8月我院收治的SHC患者67例,采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组34例和对照组33例,两组均行超声引导下PTGD术治疗,只是在对照组给予无水乙醇硬化治疗,在观察组给予聚桂醇硬化治疗。治疗后随访6个月。采用ELISA法检测血清皮质醇(Cor)水平,采用化学发光法检测血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)和C反应蛋白(CRP)水平。结果在治疗6个月末,观察组总有效率为97.1%,与对照组的93.9%比,无统计学差异(P>0.05);在治疗后1个月、3个月和6个月末,观察组囊肿体积缩小率分别为(69.1±7.3)%、(84.6±6.9)%和(92.8±3.2)%,显著大于对照组【分别为(56.8±6.4)%、(75.3±5.7)%和(86.3±4.9)%,P<0.05】;治疗前和治疗后1周,两组血清TBIL、AST、ALT和ALP水平比较,无显著性差异(P>0.05);在治疗1周末,观察组血清Cor和SAA水平分别为(260.4±15.6)nmol/L和(13.9±2.1)mg/L,均显著低于对照组【分别为(305.8±18.9)nmol/L和(18.6±2.7)mg/L,P<0.05】;观察组不良反应发生率为5.8%,显著低于对照组的24.2%(P<0.05)。结论采用超声引导下PTGD联合聚桂醇硬化治疗SHC患者疗效确切,能有效缩小囊肿体积,缓解应激反应,降低不良反应发生率。

急性重症胆囊炎急诊手术与胆囊穿刺术后择期手术疗效比较的Meta分析

目的:通过Meta分析比较急性重症胆囊炎急诊行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)与超声引导下经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流术(PTGBD)后择期行LC的临床疗效。方法:检索国内外多个数据库中关于急性重症胆囊炎急诊LC与PTGBD后择期行LC疗效比较的文献。检索时间为2015年1月1日至2023年8月31日。观察指标包括手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、中转开腹率、术后腹腔引流时间、胃肠功能恢复时间、切口感染率、胆漏发生率、胆管损伤发生率及总并发症发生率,提取相关数据后应用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入23项研究,累计样本量2097例,急诊LC组1008例、PTGBD联合LC组1089例。Meta分析结果显示,急诊LC组手术时间(WMD=-24.39,95%CI=-32.35~-16.44,P<0.00001)、术后腹腔引流时间(WMD=-1.96,95%CI=-2.56~-1.36,P<0.00001)、胃肠功能恢复时间(WMD=-1.03,95%CI=-1.37~-0.69,P<0.00001)、术后住院时间(WMD=-1.77,95%CI=-2.61~-0.93,P<0.0001)更长;术中出血量(WMD=-44.75,95%CI=-54.33~-35.17,P<0.00001)更多,中转开腹率(OR=0.38,95%CI=0.24~0.61,P<0.0001)、切口感染率(OR=0.37,95%CI=0.18~0.75,P=0.006)、胆漏发生率(OR=0.24,95%CI=0.13~0.44,P<0.00001)、胆管损伤发生率(OR=0.30,95%CI=0.10~0.90,P=0.03)、总并发症发生率(OR=0.26,95%CI=0.19~0.35,P<0.00001)高于PTGBD联合LC组。结论:急性重症胆囊炎经PTGBD后择期行LC的临床疗效优于急诊LC,是安全、可行的。

内镜鼻胆囊引流治疗胆总管结石合并急性化脓性胆囊炎

目的 评估内镜鼻胆囊引流(ENGD)治疗胆总管结石合并急性化脓性胆囊炎的安全性和有效性。方法 回顾性纳入2023年1—12月大连医科大学附属第一医院及同济大学附属东方医院收治的46例胆总管结石合并急性化脓性胆囊炎患者,其中21例行内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)取石+ENGD治疗(ENGD组),另外25例行ERCP取石+经皮肝穿刺胆管引流(PTGD)(PTGD组),比较两组操作成功率、手术时间、并发症发生率、不良事件发生率、住院时间、治疗费用、患者满意度,以及二期腹腔镜胆囊切除(LC)手术时间、并发症发生率、腹腔引流管留置率及住院时间。结果 两组患者操作成功率均为100%。ENGD组和PTGD组在手术时间[(46.4±4.8)min vs (55.0±6.0)min]、治疗费用[(3.2±0.3)万元vs (3.5±0.3)万元]、患者满意度[5(5,5)分vs 4(4,5)分]方面的比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);ENGD组二期LC手术时间[(45.4±7.0)min vs (58.4±9.2)min]、并发症发生率[1(4.8%) vs 7(28.0%)]、腹腔引流管留置率[10(47.6%) vs 23(92.0%)]及住院时间[(3.6±0.7)d vs (4.7±0.6)d]均低于PTGD组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ENGD治疗胆总管结石合并急性化脓性胆囊炎安全、有效,患者满意度高,并能降低LC风险。

急性胆囊炎患者经皮经肝穿刺胆囊引流术后序贯腹腔镜胆囊切除术的最佳手术时机

目的探讨急性胆囊炎患者行经皮经肝穿刺胆囊引流术(PTGBD)术后序贯行腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的最佳手术时机。方法回顾性分析2019年10月至2022年10月在郑州大学第一附属医院先行PTGBD手术后行序贯LC手术的100例急性胆囊炎患者的临床资料。依据患者行PTGBD手术后序贯LC手术的间隔时间分为A组47例(PTGBD后5~8周行LC术)与B组53例(PTGBD后3~4周行LC术)。比较两组一般资料、围手术期指标、炎症因子及并发症发生率。结果两组OTGBD术后序贯LC术前年龄、白细胞计数、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶、美国麻醉医师协会分级、察尔森合并症指数评分及性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组术中出血量少于对照组,手术时间、排气时间及住院时间均短于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组胆囊壁厚度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组肿瘤坏死因子、白细胞介素-2及C反应蛋白水平均低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组并发症发生率(4.26%)低于B组(18.87%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组中转开腹例数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论急性胆囊炎患者PTGBD术后序贯LC术的最佳手术时机为PTGBD术后5~8周。