In this editorial,we comment on the article by Peng et al.Palliative drainage for biliary obstruction resulting from unresectable malignant lesions includes internal and external drainage.The procedures of biliary dra...In this editorial,we comment on the article by Peng et al.Palliative drainage for biliary obstruction resulting from unresectable malignant lesions includes internal and external drainage.The procedures of biliary drainage are usually guided by fluoroscopy or transcutaneous ultrasound,endoscopic ultrasound(EUS),or both.Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)has been primarily recommended for the management of biliary obstruction,while EUS-guided biliary drainage and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD)are alternative choices for cases where ERCP has failed or is impossible.PTBD is limited by shortcomings of a higher rate of adverse events,more reinterventions,and severe complications.EUS-guided biliary drainage has a lower rate of adverse events than PTBD.EUS-guided biliary drainage with electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stent(ECE-LAMS)enables EUS-guided biliaryenteric anastomosis to be performed in a single step and does not require prior bile duct puncture or a guidewire.The present meta-analysis showed that ECELAMS has a high efficacy and safety in relieving biliary obstruction in general,although the results of LAMS depending on the site of biliary obstruction.This study has highlighted the latest advances with a larger sample-based comprehensive analysis.展开更多
BACKGROUND One challenging scenario in the treatment of biliary stricture is that post-liver transplantation(LT)biliary strictures cannot be accessed using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).Here,we ...BACKGROUND One challenging scenario in the treatment of biliary stricture is that post-liver transplantation(LT)biliary strictures cannot be accessed using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).Here,we report such a case that was successfully treated using a novel endoscopic technique.CASE SUMMARY A 60-year-old man presented with obstructive jaundice caused by a post-LT biliary stricture.He underwent LT for compensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Laboratory investigations unveiled a cholestatic pattern of abnormalities in liver function and a total bilirubin level of 16 mg/dL.Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed a stricture extending from the right intrahepatic bile duct into the common hepatic duct.Severe postoperative deformities made accessing the ampulla of Vater with a sideviewing duodenoscope impossible.Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD)was performed to treat biliary obstruction.Moreover,to resolve the stricture completely,a fully covered self-expandable metal stent(FC-SEMS)with a novel proximal retrievable string was deployed into the post-LT biliary stricture through the PTBD tract.Before inserting the stent through the PTBD tract,the stent with the distal string was manually inverted to ensure that the distal part with the string became the proximal part for later endoscopic removal.After 6 mo,the FC-SEMS was successfully removed without complications,as the string was pulled out using a forward-viewing gastroscope.CONCLUSION Deployment and endoscopic removal of an FC-SEMS with a novel proximal string through the PTBD tract may be a viable option for treating post-LT biliary strictures that are inaccessible by ERCP.展开更多
AIM:To determine the long-term hepatobiliary complications of alveolar echinococcosis(AE) and treatment options using interventional methods.METHODS:Included in the study were 35 patients with AE enrolled in the Echin...AIM:To determine the long-term hepatobiliary complications of alveolar echinococcosis(AE) and treatment options using interventional methods.METHODS:Included in the study were 35 patients with AE enrolled in the Echinococcus Multilocularis Data Bank of the University Hospital of Ulm.Patients underwent endoscopic intervention for treatment of hepatobiliary complications between 1979 and 2012.Patients' epidemiologic data, clinical symptoms, and indications for the intervention, the type of intervention and any additional procedures, hepatic laboratory parameters(pre- and post-intervention), medication and surgical treatment(pre- and post-intervention), as well as complications associated with the intervention and patients‘ subsequent clinical courses were analyzed.In order to compare patients with AE with and without history of intervention, data from an additional 322 patients with AE who had not experienced hepatobiliary complications and had not undergone endoscopic intervention were retrieved and analyzed.RESULTS:Included in the study were 22 male and 13 female patients whose average age at first diagnosis was 48.1 years and 52.7 years at the time of intervention.The average time elapsed between first diagnosis and onset of hepatobiliary complications was 3.7 years.The most common symptoms were jaundice, abdominal pains, and weight loss.Thenumber of interventions per patient ranged from one to ten.Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)was most frequently performed in combination with stent placement(82.9%),followed by percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage(31.4%)and ERCP without stent placement(22.9%).In 14.3%of cases,magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography was performed.A total of eight patients received a biliary stent.A comparison of biochemical hepatic function parameters at first diagnosis between patients who had or had not undergone intervention revealed that these were significantly elevated in six patients who had undergone intervention.Complications(cholangitis,pancreatitis)occurred in six patients during and in 12patients following the intervention.The average survival following onset of hepatobiliary complications was 8.8years.CONCLUSION:Hepatobiliary complications occur in about 10%of patients.A significant increase in hepatic transaminase concentrations facilitates the diagnosis.Interventional methods represent viable management options.展开更多
文摘In this editorial,we comment on the article by Peng et al.Palliative drainage for biliary obstruction resulting from unresectable malignant lesions includes internal and external drainage.The procedures of biliary drainage are usually guided by fluoroscopy or transcutaneous ultrasound,endoscopic ultrasound(EUS),or both.Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)has been primarily recommended for the management of biliary obstruction,while EUS-guided biliary drainage and percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD)are alternative choices for cases where ERCP has failed or is impossible.PTBD is limited by shortcomings of a higher rate of adverse events,more reinterventions,and severe complications.EUS-guided biliary drainage has a lower rate of adverse events than PTBD.EUS-guided biliary drainage with electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stent(ECE-LAMS)enables EUS-guided biliaryenteric anastomosis to be performed in a single step and does not require prior bile duct puncture or a guidewire.The present meta-analysis showed that ECELAMS has a high efficacy and safety in relieving biliary obstruction in general,although the results of LAMS depending on the site of biliary obstruction.This study has highlighted the latest advances with a larger sample-based comprehensive analysis.
文摘BACKGROUND One challenging scenario in the treatment of biliary stricture is that post-liver transplantation(LT)biliary strictures cannot be accessed using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).Here,we report such a case that was successfully treated using a novel endoscopic technique.CASE SUMMARY A 60-year-old man presented with obstructive jaundice caused by a post-LT biliary stricture.He underwent LT for compensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Laboratory investigations unveiled a cholestatic pattern of abnormalities in liver function and a total bilirubin level of 16 mg/dL.Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed a stricture extending from the right intrahepatic bile duct into the common hepatic duct.Severe postoperative deformities made accessing the ampulla of Vater with a sideviewing duodenoscope impossible.Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD)was performed to treat biliary obstruction.Moreover,to resolve the stricture completely,a fully covered self-expandable metal stent(FC-SEMS)with a novel proximal retrievable string was deployed into the post-LT biliary stricture through the PTBD tract.Before inserting the stent through the PTBD tract,the stent with the distal string was manually inverted to ensure that the distal part with the string became the proximal part for later endoscopic removal.After 6 mo,the FC-SEMS was successfully removed without complications,as the string was pulled out using a forward-viewing gastroscope.CONCLUSION Deployment and endoscopic removal of an FC-SEMS with a novel proximal string through the PTBD tract may be a viable option for treating post-LT biliary strictures that are inaccessible by ERCP.
文摘AIM:To determine the long-term hepatobiliary complications of alveolar echinococcosis(AE) and treatment options using interventional methods.METHODS:Included in the study were 35 patients with AE enrolled in the Echinococcus Multilocularis Data Bank of the University Hospital of Ulm.Patients underwent endoscopic intervention for treatment of hepatobiliary complications between 1979 and 2012.Patients' epidemiologic data, clinical symptoms, and indications for the intervention, the type of intervention and any additional procedures, hepatic laboratory parameters(pre- and post-intervention), medication and surgical treatment(pre- and post-intervention), as well as complications associated with the intervention and patients‘ subsequent clinical courses were analyzed.In order to compare patients with AE with and without history of intervention, data from an additional 322 patients with AE who had not experienced hepatobiliary complications and had not undergone endoscopic intervention were retrieved and analyzed.RESULTS:Included in the study were 22 male and 13 female patients whose average age at first diagnosis was 48.1 years and 52.7 years at the time of intervention.The average time elapsed between first diagnosis and onset of hepatobiliary complications was 3.7 years.The most common symptoms were jaundice, abdominal pains, and weight loss.Thenumber of interventions per patient ranged from one to ten.Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)was most frequently performed in combination with stent placement(82.9%),followed by percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage(31.4%)and ERCP without stent placement(22.9%).In 14.3%of cases,magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography was performed.A total of eight patients received a biliary stent.A comparison of biochemical hepatic function parameters at first diagnosis between patients who had or had not undergone intervention revealed that these were significantly elevated in six patients who had undergone intervention.Complications(cholangitis,pancreatitis)occurred in six patients during and in 12patients following the intervention.The average survival following onset of hepatobiliary complications was 8.8years.CONCLUSION:Hepatobiliary complications occur in about 10%of patients.A significant increase in hepatic transaminase concentrations facilitates the diagnosis.Interventional methods represent viable management options.
文摘目的:分析晚期恶性梗阻性黄疸的三种姑息性引流方法的临床疗效。方法 :回顾性分析我院2010年3月至2012年7月58例晚期恶性梗阻性黄疸病人的临床资料。按照治疗方法分为3组:胆肠内引流组16例,经皮肝穿刺胆管支架置入(percutaneous transhepatic biliary stent,PTBS)组18例,内镜胆管金属支架引流(endoscopic bile duct metal stents drainage,EBMSD)组24例。观察3组治疗前后的血胆红素、丙氨酸转氨酶水平,并随访生存时间。结果:引流1周后,3组总胆红素及直接胆红素水平均较术前明显下降(P<0.05),但各组总胆红素水平的下降程度无统计学差异(P>0.05),3组间谷氨酸转氨酶等肝功能指标恢复情况及生存时间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。胆肠内引流组术后胃肠道功能恢复时间较另两组明显延长(P<0.05),EBMSD组术后并发症发生率较另外两组更低。结论:相对于传统开腹胆肠内引流术,EBMSD和PTBS具有微创及全身情况恢复快等优点,但PTBS由于其并发症发生率相对较高,可在内镜治疗失败后考虑应用。EBMSD治疗的适应证广,并发症发生率低。
