Realization and Analysis of Good Fuel Economy and Kinetic Performance of a Low-cost Hybrid Electric Vehicle

By using high-power and high-efficiency propulsion systems,current hybrid electric vehicles（HEVs） in market can achieve excellent fuel economy and kinetic performance.However,it is the cost of current HEVs that hinders HEVs coming into widespread use.A novel hybrid electric propulsion system is designed to balance HEV cost and performance for developing markets.A battery/supercapacitor-based hybrid energy storage system（HESS） is used to improve energy conversion efficiency and reduce battery size and cost.An all-in-one-controller（AIOC） which integrates engine electronic control unit（ECU）,motor ECU,and HESS management system is developed to save materials and energy,and reduce the influence of distribution parameters on circuit.As for the powertrain configuration,four schemes are presented：belt-driven starter generator（BSG） scheme,four-wheel drive HEV scheme,full HEV scheme,and ranger-extender electric vehicle（EV） scheme.Component selection and parameter matching for the propulsion system are performed,and an energy management strategy is developed based on powertrain configuration and selected components.Forward-facing simulation models are built,comprehending the control strategy based on the optimal engine torque for the low-cost hybrid electric propulsion system.Co-simulation of AVL CRUISE and Matlab/Simulink is presented and the best scheme is selected.The simulation results indicate that,for the best design,fuel consumption in urban driving condition is 4.11 L/（100 km） and 0-50 km/h accelerating time is 10.95 s.The proposed research can realize low-cost concept for HEV while achieving satisfactory fuel economy and kinetic performance,and help to improve commercialization of HEVs.

Optimal use of mobile cooling units in a deep-level gold mine

The South African gold mining sector remains a significant contributor to the country’s economy.Facing several challenges that hinder the realisation of South Africa’s full mineral potential,the sector’s sustainability and profitability can be enhanced through implementing operational improvement measures.Mobile cooling units(MCUs)were identified as a potential focus area for operational improvement.MCUs are used as tertiary or in-stope cooling in hot underground workings.In this paper,a method was presented to characterise the performance of existing MCUs based on three key performance indicators(KPIs),namely,the wet-bulb temperature ratio(WTR),efficiency and position.Optimisation strategies were then elected and implemented based on these KPIs.The implementation of this method in a South African gold mine attained a reduction in pumped water volumes,reduced operating costs through electricity cost savings and improvements in underground ventilation air temperatures.

Single-shot incoherent optical processing of microwave signals： opening the path to low cost high performance analog photonics

Incoherent optical processing of microwave signals,where low-coherence broadband light sources are employed instead of costly mode locked lasers,has attracted great interest thanks to its wide applications in microwave photonics filtering[1–3],arbitrary generation[4–6]and analog to digital conversion[7]。

Study of Multi-objective Fuzzy Optimization for Path Planning

During path planning, it is necessary to satisfy the requirements of multiple objectives. Multi-objective synthesis is based on the need of flight mission and subjectivity inclination of decision-maker. The decision-maker, however, has illegibility for under- standing the requirements of multiple objectives and the subjectivity inclination. It is important to develop a reasonable cost performance index for describing the illegibility of the decision-maker in multi-objective path planning. Based on Voronoi dia- gram method for the path planning, this paper studies the synthesis method of the multi-objective cost performance index. Ac- cording to the application of the cost performance index to the path planning based on Voronoi diagram method, this paper ana- lyzes the cost performance index which has been referred to at present. The analysis shows the insufficiency of the cost per- formance index at present, i.e., it is difficult to synthesize sub-objective flmctions because of the great disparity of the sub-objective fimctions. Thus, a new approach is developed to optimize the cost performance index with the multi-objective fuzzy optimization strategy, and an improved performance index is established, which could coordinate the weight conflict of the sub-objective functions. Finally, the experimental result shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Development of New Type Mn-Series Bainitic Steels in China

The alloying design idea,strengthening-toughening mechanism,microstructure,mechanical performances,development and application in China of new type Mn-series bainitic steels are introduced.Mn-series air-cooling bainitic steels including granular bainitic steels,FGBA /BG duplex steels,CFB/M duplex steels,medium carbon bainite/martensite steels,cast bainitic steels are presented.The invented idea mechanical performances,development and application of second generation of Mn-series bainitic steels,i.e.water quenching Mn-series bainitic steels invented by the authors newly are introduced.The water quenching Mn-series bainitic steels cover severe series steels containing ultra-low carbon,low-low carbon,medium-low carbon,and high-low carbon content etc,which can reduce the amount of alloying content,increase hardening capability and improve weldability.It should be pointed out that the application of both air cooling and water quenching Mn-series bainitic steels are complementary and mutually reinforcing,and the new type Mn-series bainitic steels can meet the performance requirements of most steels used in engineering structure.Some newest technologies of Mn-series bainitic steels in China are discussed in this paper.It is suggested that the significance of the development of the Mn-series bainitic steels can be summarized as:significantly reducing costs of both raw materials and production;good combination of strength and toughness;excellent weldability;simple procedure;large savings in energy resources and reduced environmental pollution.

Study on the optimization of the water Cherenkov detector array of the LHAASO project for surveying VHE gamma ray sources

It is prpopsed that a water Cherenkov detector array, LHAASO-WCDA, is to be built at Shangri-la, Yunnan Province, China. As one of the major components of the LHAASO project, the main purpose of it is to survey the northern sky for gamma ray sources in the energy range of 100 GeV-30 TeV. In order to design the water Cherenkov array efficiently to economize the budget, a Monte Carlo simulation is carried out. With the help of the simulation, the cost performance of different configurations of the array are obtained and compared with each other, serving as a guide for the more detailed design of the experiment in the next step.