Transforming Molecules into Medicines: Role of CDMOS in Phase-Appropriate Technology Transfers in Advancing Pharmaceutical Innovation

CDMOs are emerging as critical drivers of innovation within the pharmaceutical and biotech industries. As the pharmaceutical industry continues to evolve, we can expect to see CDMOs play an increasingly important role in drug development and manufacturing. Many companies within these sectors are now leveraging the expertise of CDMOs through technology transfers to foster innovation and enhance the development of new drug products. In the extensive field of drug development, technology transfer plays a crucial role at multiple stages, ranging from preclinical phases to commercialization. By working closely with drug developers, CDMOs can ensure that technologies are transferred seamlessly between phases of drug development, allowing for a more efficient and cost-effective development process. CDMOs also bring a wealth of experience in various areas of drug development, including process development, analytical testing, quality control, and manufacturing. This expertise, combined with a focus on innovation, can help drug developers to overcome technical challenges and optimize their drug development programs. CDMOs can provide drug developers with various manufacturing capabilities, from small-scale clinical trials to large-scale commercial production. This flexibility allows drug developers to focus on their core competencies while relying on CDMOs to provide the necessary infrastructure and support for drug manufacturing. The critical role of CDMOs in advancing pharmaceutical innovation in phase-appropriate technology transfer where there will be a lot of effort and patience with strong technical expertise is required. This article explores the various types of Technology transfer from preclinical to commercial stages and successful strategies to foster innovation.

Credit Risk Transfer and the Performance of Commercial Banks --Based on the Panel Data

Based on the panel data, we analyze the US commercial banks＇ CRT. According to the study, we find that the introduction of CRT will increase the level of banks＇ liquid risk. The performance of bank mainly is that its supervision and review of risk will drop, based on the impact of asymmetric information, commercial Banks transfer the bad loans to investors. Through the analysis we can see that after the transfer of credit risk in commercial bank did not increase income and reduce risk. Because commercial Banks can extend more bad loans to expand its lending scale, and bad loans will increase the bank overall risk.

Innovative Development and Commercialization of Technologies： Experience of Technopark ＂Novosibirsk＂

This article is concerned with analyzes of experience of Technopark ＂Novosibirsk＂ as an important part of the innovation infrastructure of the Novosibirsk region. In this article the authors are formulated priorities for the development of an innovative economy： The promotion of investment growth in production infrastructure and innovation, increasing the orientation of research institutions to the needs of the real economy, the development of entrepreneurship in all sectors of the economy and the creation of necessary conditions. The article considers the key elements of innovation infrastructure. Also program ＂Development of high-tech industry and which Technopark ＂Novosibirsk＂ implements the this article is given a brief description of the complex target innovation in the industry to the city of Novosibirsk in 2020＂, in concept of technopark of distributed type, when the Technopark is built in the form of structural and autonomous innovation and technology centers established by the territorial-branch principle in conjunction with partner organizations. The analysis of the stories of success （and failure） of residents of Technopark is described in this article. Based on this analysis, which highlights the main factors contributing to the achievement of commercially meaningful results. These include training as an essential component of the innovation infrastructure. Describes the international educational programs implemented by the Innovative Technology Center ＂Education＂ at the Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management. It is noted that the most important result of the operation of Technopark ＂Novosibirsk＂ was working out a model of public-private partnership that has allowed Technopark flourish, creating a network of specialized centers of innovation and technology. Finally the authors conclude that at the present time in Russia on almost all the basic elements of support for innovative entrepreneurship are created. At the same time a significant part of the difficulties cause problems originating from the external environment of business innovation

Influence of technology transfer from universities on manufacturing firms'innovative performance

Technology transfer(TT)from universities to manufacturing firms is important for enhancing innovation performance(IP)and ultimately improving competitiveness.However,TT is hampered by bureaucracy,inertia,inefficiency,cognitive dissonance,and low research and development activity.The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between TT from universities to manufacturing firms and their IP.This study was conducted based on Megnigbeto's(2018)triple helix game theory.A mixed-method approach was used.The independent variable was TT,measured in terms of technology spillover,networking,and the presence of accelerators and incubators within a firm's locality.The dependent variable was IP,measured through innovation output and innovation efficiency.This study used an explanatory sequential research design.The target population was manufacturing firms in Kenya,identified using a multi-stage sampling strategy.Primary data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires,interview schedules,and checklists.Linear regressions,hierarchical multiple moderated regressions,structural equation modeling,and partial least squares were used to test the hypotheses.The results indicate that TT from universities significantly influences IP in manufacturing firms.Universities are important intermediaries of TT in manufacturing firms in Kenya because of their improved IP and competitiveness.Universities should create dynamic linkages with industries and adopt an engaged learning approach in their programs to create greater and more unique values for enhanced competitiveness and sustainable development.

绿色技术转移:内涵特征、理论框架及研究展望

绿色技术转移是绿色创新所产生的技术和知识发挥作用的关键环节,它对解决环境问题具有重要的意义。基于对绿色技术转移相关文献的梳理分析,总结了绿色技术转移的内涵特征、相关理论、影响因素及作用结果。研究发现:绿色技术转移的要素包含五个方面,可以采用专利、文本、问卷等方法对其进行测量;以往研究基于制度理论、技术差距理论等,探究了环境政策、财税政策、技术差距等对绿色技术转移的影响作用;绿色技术转移对绿色技术创新、经济绩效和环境绩效具有促进作用,绿色增长和竞争优势起到了中介作用,而吸收能力是影响绿色技术转移绩效作用的调节变量。未来研究除了继续探索绿色技术转移的测量和影响因素以外,也需要加深对绿色技术转移作用结果的内在机制研究。

低雷诺数涡轮气热耦合仿真及被动优化技术研究

针对低雷诺数下涡轮发动机气动效率低、热负荷高的问题,以带有径向冷却通道的NASA-MarkⅡ型高压涡轮导叶为研究对象,开展基于凹槽和球窝的被动优化技术研究。利用计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟技术,对NASA-MarkⅡ进行全三维气热耦合仿真计算,结合已有NASA实验数据进行验证。结果表明:在换热特性方面,低雷诺数条件下凹槽叶形可以有效改善叶片叶根附近流体的换热特性,降低叶根处的热负荷,凹槽深度越大,换热特性的优化效果越明显;在气动性能方面,球窝结构的叶形优化效果更好,其中深径比小、深度大的球窝叶形减小总压损失的效果显著。

团队合作如何影响技术转移——国家重点研发计划技术转移绩效影响机制研究

本文以国家重点研发计划项目为研究语境,以“契约明确性-合作参与度-技术转移能力-技术转移绩效”为理论模型,探讨项目团队应如何合作才有助于高技术转移绩效的产生,应用结构方程模型对该模型进行检验,使用多群组结构方程模型探讨不同资源依赖性、合作嵌入度、社会认可需求情境对模型各路径的不同影响。研究发现:契约明确性是技术转移绩效的前因变量,技术转移能力对技术转移绩效的影响力最强,合作参与度在契约明确性对技术转移绩效的影响过程中起传导作用。在不同情境中,契约明确性对技术转移绩效的各影响路径存在显著差异。研究结论可为政府有效管理科技项目以及首席科学家管理团队工作、促进技术转移提供参考。

高校科技成果转化绩效的组态效应与路径分析——基于中国31个地区的模糊集定性比较分析

针对中国高校科技成果丰富而转化绩效存在疲态的问题,采用数据包络分析法和模糊集定性比较分析法,以统计中国31个地区高校的数据驱动方式,构建包含校企合作、人才规模、科技项目、科研经费、区域经济环境等5个影响高校科技成果转化绩效关键要素的理论框架,据此探讨组态效应下高校科技成果转化绩效提升的有效路径,同时分析东、中、西部地区高校不同的资源禀赋、投入和科技成果转化绩效。结果表明,不同地区高校的科技成果转化绩效具有多重影响和殊途同归的特点。在充分考虑校企合作、人才规模及经费投入等因素下,全面推进型路径、资源投入型路径及产教合作型路径是提升高校科技成果转化绩效的3种有效路径;当有效路径中核心因素物质资源(人才规模、科技项目、科研经费)充沛时,校企合作与区域经济之间相互作用且可以交互替代。因此,高校应根据不同地区发展现状选择合适的科技成果转化路径。

美国高校技术转化运行管理体系与实绩评价办法

美国高度重视高校技术转化活动,在长期实践中形成较为成熟、协作有序的高校技术转化管理体系。美国学界开展高校技术转化实绩评价,重点在于评估高校研究成果产生实际商业和社会价值的能力。从法律、行业、高校3个层面介绍美国高校技术转化运行管理体系,通过研究实例介绍美国高校技术转化实绩评价办法与思路,并总结相关特点。

上海协同创新政策体系演进及深化研究

我国协同创新政策先后经历了以“四技”合同为主要方式的科研与生产协作、国家技术创新工程和“四链”融合三个主要发展阶段。上海的协同创新政策初期聚焦于科技体制的改革,继而转入应用研发机构转制与新型科研机构的建设阶段,当前处于协同创新体系的全面建设时期,在政策演变过程培育并形成了多种类型载体,在生态建设中构建“五位一体”的协同创新模式到推动创新链、产业链、人才链和资金链的深度融合,不断提高科技创新效能。未来上海制定协同创新政策,可以从提高政策连贯和系统性、建立高效的协同创新政策体系、加强科技与金融的融合和加快人才高地建设方面着力。

美国高校技术转移的发展及对我国的启示

技术转移是指从外部组织或个人吸收并掌握技术资产,以及将技术资产向外部组织或个人进行扩散,并产生效益的过程。介绍和分析了美国高校技术转移的发展情况,并以斯坦福大学为例,深入探讨了技术许可办公室(OTL)模式的创新和核心价值。通过剖析我国高校在技术转移方面的现状和问题,结合斯坦福OTL模式的启示,提出相应建议,以期为我国高校开展技术转移路径设计、模式选择提供借鉴经验。

江西省科技成果转化制约因素及提升策略研究

科技成果转化是科技走向市场的必经之路。近年来,江西省不断推进成果转化及产业化工作,构筑完善技术转移体系,取得了较好的进展。本文从科技成果、技术交易、技术转移服务体系建设等方面,系统梳理江西省科技成果转化的现状和成效,分析江西省推进成果转化过程中面临的主要问题,并给出对策建议。

Functional Starter Cultures for Meat: A Case Study on Technological and Probiotic Characterization

The selection of a starter is a complex process, involving different steps, like a preliminary characterization under laboratory conditions, the selection of the most promising strains, a lab validation and the final validation in a large-scale fermentation;the selection of a functional starter includes a further step, dealing with the assessment of the functional traits. This paper proposes a case study on how use a step-by-step approach, based on some rapid protocols, to select promising starter cultures with probiotic abilities. Nine strains, isolated from a commercial preparation, were studied in relation to some enzymatic activities (slime and acetoin production, reduction of nitrates, proteolytic activity and hydrolysis of tributyrin), technological (acidification and growth at different temperatures, pHs and salt amounts) and probiotic traits (hydrophobicity, co-aggregation towards Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli, survival at pH 2.5 and in presence of bile salts, antibiotic resistance) and compared to some collection isolates. As a final step, a multivariate approach was used to select the most promising isolates. The isolates from the commercial preparation were able to perform the fermentation (e.g. acidification) at low temperatures with some interesting traits in terms of bioactivity towards E. coli O157:H7, whilst some interesting probiotic traits in terms of hydrophobicity and survival in conditions that mimicked the gut were found for the collection isolates.

企业ESG绩效会影响商业信用融资吗?——基于信息传递与治理赋能视角

基于2007—2021年沪深两市A股上市公司数据,探讨ESG绩效对商业信用融资的影响及作用机制。研究发现:ESG绩效提升了企业商业信用融资能力;机制检验发现,ESG绩效提高了信息传递效率和公司治理水平,从而影响商业信用融资;区分样本发现,ESG绩效对商业信用融资的影响在低竞争地位、非污染性行业、东部地区和环保法实施后的样本中更为显著。以上研究结论为企业进行ESG实践,提升商业信用融资水平提供了经验借鉴。

资金供给、技术能力与技术转移绩效——国家重点研发计划多群组结构方程模型分析

国家重点研发计划对全产业链的强调使得研究其技术转移尤为必要。参考资源基础理论和动态能力理论,构建“资金供给—技术积累规模—技术转移能力—技术转移绩效”国家重点研发计划技术转移模型。应用结构方程模型进行检验,使用多群组结构方程模型探讨不同研究项目各因素对技术转移绩效的不同影响。结果发现:(1)国家重点研发计划技术转移绩效总体处于较高水平;(2)技术转移能力是国家重点研发计划技术转移绩效最直接、最有力的影响因素,资金供给是技术转移绩效的重要支撑;(3)技术积累规模难以直接影响技术转移绩效,但在技术转移绩效影响机理中发挥重要传导作用,是技术转移的基础性技术资源;(4)不同项目类型影响效应存在显著差异。研究结论可为政府、项目参与单位、首席科学家和普通参与者有效促进科技项目技术转移提供参考依据。

金融科技与商业银行经营绩效

金融科技在创新业务、流程和产品的同时带来了利差的收窄,然而对商业银行经营绩效的影响尚未得到一致结论。本文使用文本挖掘法构建了我国135家商业银行金融科技发展水平指标,基于2012—2019年数据,实证检验了金融科技与商业银行经营绩效的关系。结果表明,样本期内银行内部金融科技对小银行经营绩效没有影响;剔除小银行后,金融科技对经营绩效的影响呈先降后升的“U”形关系。具体而言,底层金融科技对商业银行经营绩效无显著影响,应用金融科技对经营绩效的影响呈“U”形。地区金融科技的发展会降低商业银行的经营绩效。机制分析表明金融科技可以通过影响商业银行的成本管理、风险控制和经营效率三条路径影响商业银行的经营绩效。

我国高校产学研合作创新与科技成果转化绩效关系研究——以我国纺织高校为例

推进产学研深度融合,加强高校科技成果转化是中国经济高质量发展的重要途径之一。通过收集20所中国纺织高校1985-2021年发明专利,深入分析高校产学研合作创新开展情况与发明专利转化绩效间关系。研究结论发现:首先,中国纺织高校产学研联合专利申请与专利转化均呈现出快速增加趋势,但是转化专利占产学研合作创新成果的比例较低;其次,高校产学研合作广度与深度负向作用于整体专利转化数量,而合作多元度则对专利转化存在显著正向影响;再次,高校产学研合作广度与深度对其合作创新成果转化存在显著倒U型影响,但产学研合作多元度对其合作创新成果转化具有显著的正向作用;最后,高校产学研合作创新成果转化数量与其转化专利自身产学研合作广度、深度与多元度之间存在显著的正向关系。

基于红外技术的纺织品液体动态传递性能研究

为了准确评估纺织品的服用舒适性,分析成像技术、传感技术及动态水分管理仪(MMT)在测试纺织品动态水传递过程中的优缺点,针对性提出一种基于红外技术的新型液体动态传递测量设备和测试方法,详述该设备测试原理及组件信息、实验标定、参数定义、实验方法;运用此设备测试去离子水和大豆油在针织物样品和非织造布样品的传递速率和最大吸液速率,并与MMT测试结果进行对比。指出:新型液体动态传递速率测试仪具有一步测量、无接触等特点,可测量液体在纺织品表面不同方向的传递速率,且测量结果与现行标准测量仪器MMT接近;相较MMT,具有更广泛的液体适用性,可用于纺织品、薄膜、纸张等的水分传递检测。

面向生态环境科技成果转化的产业基金研究及实践案例分析

生态环境科技专项产生了一大批高水准的生态环境科研成果以及专业技术,但这些成果都停留在科学阶段,尚未形成产品,发挥社会价值。目前,国内外已经有很多成功的生态环境产业基金,如美国的清洁水州周转基金和国内的深圳清华大学研究院的力合科创投资孵化基金以及南京扬子江生态文明创新中心的源创基金,可以作为研究案例。文章选取国际国内代表性的运营多年和新兴的产业基金案例,分析生态环境产业基金在产业化过程中发挥的作用,结合调研内容总结产业基金运行模式的特点,根据先进经验提出针对我国生态环境产业基金运行主要存在问题的相关建议。